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Cyber Crime
Introduction Types of Cyber Crime
Introduction
Criminal activities that take place in cyberspace (the Internet). Cybercrime is a growing concern for both law enforcement officials and consumers as a result of the rapid expansion of the Internet into all forms of business and commerce. Cybercrime can be directed toward persons, property, companies, or government authorities. All aspects of the Internet are vulnerable to such activities, including the World Wide Web, email, chat rooms, and newsgroups.
Types of Cybercrime
Viruses Worms Trojans Hoaxes Mail bombs Threats Harassment Stalking Fraud Theft Forgery Piracy Break-ins Terrorism.
A survey in 2001 by the Computer Security Institute (CSI) in conjunction with the FBI The most common types of cybercrime experienced by companies were virus infection, insider abuse of network resources, and unauthorized access by insiders.
The Less common were system penetration, denial of service (DoS), theft of proprietary information, sabotage, fraud, and eavesdropping.
Hackers
Hackers are a programmers. They should have the knowledge of advanced technology of operating systems and programming languages. They may know of holes within systems and the reasons for such holes. They constantly seek further knowledge, freely share what they have discovered, and never, ever intentionally damage data.
Crackers
A Cracker is a person who breaks into or otherwise violates the system integrity of remote machines, with malicious intent. Crackers can gain unauthorized access They can destroy vital data They can deny legitimate users service, or basically cause problems for their targets. Crackers can easily be identified because their actions are malicious.
History of Cracking
It started with telephone technology. Originally, a handful of kids across the nation were cracking the telephone system. This practice was referred to as phreaking. Phreaking is now recognized as any act by which to circumvent the security of the telephone company. Although, in reality, phreaking is more about learning how the telephone system works and then manipulating it.
History of Cracking(2)
Telephone phreaks employed different methods to accomplish this task. Early implementations involved the use of ratshack dialers, or red boxes. Ratshack was a term to refer to the popular electronics store Radio Shack. These were hand-held electronic devices that transmitted digital sounds or tones. Phreakers altered these off-the-shelf tone dialers by replacing the internal crystals with Radio Shack
History of Cracking(3)
Having made these modifications, they programmed in the sounds of quarters being inserted into a pay telephone. From there, the remaining steps were simple. Phreaks went to a pay telephone and dialed a number. The telephone would request payment for the call. In response, the phreak would use the red box to emulate money being inserted into the machine. This resulted in obtaining free telephone service at most pay telephones.
Example of Hackers
Example of Hackers(2)
Paul Baran
Bjarne Stroustrup
Linus Torvalds
Example of Crackers
Kevin Mitnik
References
Microsoft Encyclopedia of Security Maximum Security: A Hacker's Guide to Protecting Your Internet Site and Network