You are on page 1of 54

TACROM INTRODUCTION Company Structure

Parent Company: C.A.T. GmbH

TACROM INTRODUCTION Company Presentation


June 2006-Tacrom Services was established in Romania Oct 2006-first frac campaign in Moinesti area (10 wells) Since then we performed 160 fracs on-shore and off-shore of Romania, Azerbaijan and Bulgaria March 2008-we started to provide coil tubing and nitrogen service (more than 100 jobs in Romania) June 2008-gravel-pack service was provided (more than 45 jobs in Romania)

TACROM INTRODUCTION Services Provided


Hydraulic Fracs Acid Fracs Frac-Packs Acidizing Gravel-Packs Coil Tubing & Nitrogen Service

TACROM INTRODUCTION Hydraulic Fracs


The objective of hydraulic fracturing is to increase well productivity by creating a highly conductive flow path some distance away from the well bore Using this technology we can increase production rates as well as overall recoverable hydrocarbons.

TACROM INTRODUCTION Hydraulic Fracs

TACROM INTRODUCTION Acid Fracs


Much of the theory of hydraulic (proppant) fracturing is applicable to acid fracturing especially regarding fracture initiation and propagation. Leak-off and fracture conductivity are however fundamentally different Acids create enhanced productivity by dissolving acid-soluble rocks, such as carbonates. The acid etches (dissolves) the walls of the fracture. Alternatively, the acid leaks off into the formation (accelerated by wormhole formation)

TACROM INTRODUCTION Acid Fracs


The most common acid system is hydrochloric acid and this reacts effectively with above mentioned rocks

TACROM INTRODUCTION Frac-Packs


Frac-Packs are a combination of a hydraulic fracturing and a gravel pack This type of treatment is suitable for medium permeability unconsolidated formations Is reducing to 0 formation sand flow and is creating a hi-permeability path for hydrocarbons

TACROM INTRODUCTION Acidizing


Apart from acid fracturing jobs, there are also two
categories of acid treatment: - acid washing - matrix acidizing In acid washing, the objective is simply tubular and wellbore cleaning. Treatment of the formation is not intended. For matrix acidizing, acids are used to create enhanced productivity when the acid reacts with the soluble substances in the formation matrix to enlarge the pore spaces. Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is occasionally used in sandstones for the removal of fines or clay minerals. It is never used in carbonate reservoirs as it produces an insoluble precipitate (calcium fluoride)

TACROM INTRODUCTION Gravel-Packs


Gravel-packs are sand control operations applicable to unconsolidated hydrocarbons reservoirs in terms of reducing dramatically the sand flow, this way extending the work over intervals and life for bottomhole equipment

TACROM INTRODUCTION Well Candidate Evaluation


Hydraulic fracturing is generally applicable in reservoirs with low permeabilities (< 10 mD) FracPacks (Sand Control) in moderately permeable reservoirs Well selection involves finding candidates that will benifit from increasing payzone conductivity All treatments require reservoir pressure for the drive mechanism The history of stimulation operations should be taken into consideration

TACROM INTRODUCTION Well Candidate Evaluation


The fracture must not propagate in water-saturated zones Wells with high skin factor Wellbore integrity Possibility of equipment emplacement at the wellsite

TACROM INTRODUCTION Fracture Summary

TACROM INTRODUCTION Statistics of Increased Production


M-710 Oil Production
Post Frac Oil Rate 50 45
Oil Production Rate (m/day)

Prefrac Oil Rate

Post Frac Cumulative Oil

Prefrac Cumulative Oil 2500

40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 50 100 Cumulative Days 150

2000
Cumulative Oil (m)

1500

1000

500

0 200

TACROM INTRODUCTION Operational Overview


All of the services provided by Tacrom Services are done in a professional manner Production gained after stimulation average 2 to 4 times more.

TACROM INTRODUCTION Fracturing Equipment

10 m3/min Blender. Fully process controled Hydration Unit. On the fly mixing of polymer 2,250 HHP Pumptrucks. State of the Art Data Acquisition Truck Sandtruck - proppant handling Efficient Rig Up/Down Heating and filtering of frac fluid Purpose built, stackable frac tanks Providing underbalanced well cleanout after the frac

TACROM INTRODUCTION 10 m3/min BLENDER

TACROM INTRODUCTION 10 m3/min BLENDER

Truck mounted hydraulically driven mixing and blending unit Fully computerized on the fly mixing capability 2 each sand screws up to 6,0 tons / min 2 each dry additive feeders 2 each liquid additive feeders 450 HP available from truck engine

TACROM INTRODUCTION Hydration Unit

TACROM INTRODUCTION Hydration Unit


Mixing Unit for linear gel preparation

Hydraulically driven pumps. Installed Power 410 HP Discharge rate: Up to 10 m3/minute Chemical Feeders: 1 each dry chemical feeder for guar injection 3 each liquid chemical pumps with coreolis flow meters 26 m3 on board storage 3 magflow flow meters for mixing and transferring fluid Total mix on the fly technology. No contamination of water tanks. No wasted chemicals or mixing time compared to batch mixing

TACROM INTRODUCTION 60 tonnes Proppant Truck

TACROM INTRODUCTION 60 tonnes Proppant Truck

Hydraulically operated Dumper Fully enclosed, two compartment design 42 m3 storage capacity (60 ton maximum) Roadweight 36 tons maximum

TACROM INTRODUCTION 2250 HHP Pump Unit

TACROM INTRODUCTION 2250 HHP Pump Unit

Truck mounted remote controlled pump units SPM Triplex Pump, 5 Fluid End, Allison Transmision, MTU Diesel Engine Work Pressure: 1000 bar max. Rate: 500 2200 l/min

TACROM INTRODUCTION Data Acquisition Truck

TACROM INTRODUCTION Data Acquisition Truck

Air Conditioned Design Self Powered - 30 kW Generator Remote Control Frac Equipment Monitoring and Data Recording Real time data transfer to customer State of the Art Meyers Software MFrac Treatment Design MinFrac - Minifrac Analyses MFrac & MView Treatment Control

TACROM INTRODUCTION Data Acquisition Truck

TACROM INTRODUCTION 3 SPM 1502 Piping

TACROM INTRODUCTION Combination heating/filtering unit

TACROM ITRODUCTION Combination heating/filtering unit


Compact 4x4 chassis Parallel, double pod design for efficient operation 100 microns primary and 5 microns secondary filters 90 m3/ hour filtering (with normal field water) 3.5 million BTU (1025 kW/hr) heater unit 45 m3/hour heating (from 20C to 200C.) Heat alone,filter alone, or combination

TACROM INTRODUCTION Filtering unit

TACROM INTRODUCTION Filtering unit

Compact skid or design Transport on trailer or flatbed truck 24 kW Hatz diesel motor Parallel, double pod design for efficient operation 100 micron primary and 5 micron secondary filters 90 m3/ hour filtering (with normal field water) Clean and filter simultaneously

TACROM INTRODUCTION Intermediate, 2800m CTU

TACROM INTRODUCTION Intermediate CTU


2800 meters of 1 tubing on the reel Compact, efficient design. Crane included on unit. 18 scm/minute 210 bar air compressor included Foamer pump included for foam cleanouts All variables recorded during the operation Full job report given to customer. Graphical and/or tabular data offered Optional pressure control equipment. Low cost 210 bar annular bag or 700 bar bops. Double or triple pressure control offered. Optional nitrogen service for inert gas requirements Extremely fast Rig up and rig down. Fully trained, experienced crew.

TACROM INTRODUCTION Flowback Trailer

10 m3 Flowback trailer delivered with CT unit. Compact, efficient design. Handles all wellbore debris Degasser included. No spills. No mess.

TACROM INTRODUCTION Flameless Nitrogen Pumper

TACROM INTRODUCTION Flameless Nitrogen Pumper


10-85 scm/minute pump rates possible 700 bar pressure limitation Highly accurate Electromagnetic flowmeter Flameless heating of nitrogen for safe operation Full recording of all pumping variables. All data will be included in the customer report 10,000 liter on board storage tank. Most jobs will not require additional product. Customer charged only for nitrogen pumped down the well.

TACROM INTRODUCTION Mobile, versatile, purpose built equipment

TACROM INTRODUCTION Treatment Design


Well selection involves finding candidates that will benifit from increasing payzone conductivity. High pressure, low perm, high skin wells are the most desired candidates. Meyers Frac Software State of the Art Software Package Continous Upgrading MFrac Treatment Design Minfrac Pressure Analyses MView Data Processing MProd & MNPV - Economics

TACROM INTRODUCTION Meyers Software

Process Control Frac Data Management Frac Design Frac Geometry Modelling Matching Production to stimulation design

TACROM INTRODUCTION

DATA REQUIREMENTS
Reservoir Data Geo-Mechanical Data Frac Fluid Data Proppant Data

DATA SOURCES
Well Logs Core and Cuttings Analyses Well Tests

TACROM INTRODUCTION Rock Properties MFRAC

TACROM INTRODUCTION Fracture Geometry MFRAC

TACROM INTRODUCTION Minifrac

Step Rate Test Fracture Extension Pressure Step Down Test Near Wellbore Friction Perforation Friction Pressure Decline Analysis ISIP Fluid Efficiency kh, k, p*

TACROM INTRODUCTION STEP RATE TEST MinFRAC

TACROM INTRODUCTION STEP DOWN TEST MinFRAC

TACROM INTRODUCTION Minifrac Analisys MinFRAC

TACROM INTRODUCTION
MView / MFrac Control Treatment Net Pressure Early Detection of Screen Out Displacement
MProd / MNpv Production analysis and future production estimation Net present value

TACROM INTRODUCTION Real time parameters MView

TACROM INTRODUCTION Prefrac Production Estimation MProd

TACROM INTRODUCTION Net Present Value MNpv

TACROM INTRODUCTION Fluid Systems & Chemicals


FRAC FLUIDS
Water Base Oil Base Foam Base Acid Base

ADDITIVES
Biocides Buffers Polymers Crosslinkers Temperature Stabilizers Breakers Friction Reducers Surfactants
Demulsifier Foamer

PROPPANT
Quartz Sand Sintered Bauxite Ceramics Resin Coated

Clay Stabilizer Fluid Loss Additives Diverters

TACROM INTRODUCTION
What can Tacrom do for you? Assist in well selection Assist in well preparation Arrange subcontractors for logging, downhole equipment and surface pressure equipment. Supply engineering for frac design Supply tanks, equipment and chemicals for stimulation treatments Perform well stimulation treatments with acid or proppant fracs Gravel-packs operations Perform matrix acid treatments with or without nitrogen, using conventional tubing or coil tubing Post frac underbalanced cleanout using coil tubing

TACROM INTRODUCTION

THANK YOU QUESTIONS

You might also like