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BY M.GNANA PRAKASH B.B.

A ,II

INTRODUCTION:SOAP is made by the alkali on fats and oils. Some of the salts are those of sodium, potassium and ammonia. They are cleansing agents soluble in water. Potassium soaps are soft soaps and sodium. Most commercial soaps are sodium soaps.

ESSENDTIAL FEATURES OF SOAPS AND DETERGENTS: Ordinary soaps do not work well with sea water or hard water, which contains dissolved lime or magnesium salts. Salts may coagulate the soap and prevent it from loosening the dirt and grease effectively.

The builder transforms the dissolved salts, so they do not hinder the action of the soap. Wetting agents are used in washing powder, Shampoos, tooth identifiers and germicides. Wetting agents also help make lubrication oils and dyes mote penetrative.

DETERGENT: The first synthetic compound with soap was developed in 1860s. Next synthetic detergent was prepared aroujd 1890. The first one supported with sulphonated oils and the second one with coconut oil.

Detergents from ammonium compounds act against virus, mucus, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Detergents contain surfacier,builder,bleacher and auxiliary agents. Wastes from detergents mixed with water kills life in water.

Pesticides are chemical substances used to kill pests. The plants and animals are attacked by different kinds of living organisms. These depend on the plants and crops for their nutrition,growth,reproduction and development.

Micro organisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi etc. Causes diseases on crops and hence it becomes essential to control them. Similarly ,insects form another group that eat plant crops and crop products. Attempts made to kill these pests and insects by using chemical substances.

The invention of DICHLORO-DIPHENYLETRICHLOROETHANE(DDT) BENXWNE HEXA CHLIRIDE (BHC),etc helped in wide control of pests and insects. The use of pesticides not only increased the crop production but also caused many problems.

Plants , like human beings, require food for their growth and development. Food of plants plant nutrients. 2 types Macro nutrients Micro nutrients

MACRO NUTRIENTS: Include carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,phosphoru s,potassium,CALCIUM,AND SULPHUR, MICRO NUTRIENTS: Include manganese,iron,copper,zinc,chlorine etc. Carbon hydrogen oxygen are provided y air and water, remaining elements are provided by the soil.

SUCH THAT SOIL IS DEGRADED,SO ONE SHOULD BEALTH, BE AWARE OF THE PLASTICS AND THEIR EFFECT IN OUR LIFE AND HEALTH. AVOIDING THE USE OF PLASTICS WHICH ARE ENTERING FOOD CHAINS AND SAFEGUARD OUR HEALTH AND EVIRONMENT.

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