Presentation on Pumps

By G.MURALIKRISHNA EE(E) BSNL ED-1

An Overview
Types of Pumps Features of various Pumps Selection of pumps Performance Calculation

Flow control strategies

Energy saving measures in Pumps

Types of Pumps
Dynamic Pumps

Centrifugal Special effect pumps

Displacement Pumps

Rotary Reciprocating

Order of Preference
Centrifugal Rotary Reciprocating

Pumps Used in Building Services

Sump Pumps

Monobloc
Bore well Pumps

Submersible Pumps Jet Pumps

Centrifugal Pumps
Very simple design Two main parts are the impeller and the

diffuser Impellers
Bronze poly carbonate cast iron
stainless steel

Pressure developed by the Pump

depends upon

Impeller dia No.of impellers size of the impeller eye shaft speed

Size of the pump

Depends on

Head Capacity

Advantages of centrifugal Pump

Very efficient Produce smooth and even flow Reliable with good service life

Disadvantages
Loss of priming easily Efficiency depends upon operating design

head & speed.

Submersible Pumps
Centrifugal pump closely coupled with

motor Does not require long drive shaft Motor operates at a cooler temperature. Noiseless operation. High efficiency Smooth and even flow In case of repair full pump to be removed.

Jet Pumps
Combination of a surface centrifugal pump,

nozzle and venturi arrangement. Used in small dia bore wells. Simple design Low purchase and maintenance cost. Easy accessibility to all moving parts. Low efficiency.

DSM measures to reduce consumption in pumps

Demand side management measures Use of friction less foot valve. Use of HDPE pipes Use of appropriate capacitor. Use of higher size suction pipe compared to delivery pipe.

Pump Performance calculation

Overall Efficiency =

Hydraulic power ( P2) X 100/ Power input ( P1) Pump efficiency. = Hydraulic power ( P2) X 100/ Power input to pump shaft ( P3) Hydraulic Power ( P2) = Q X Total Head ( hd hs ) X p X g / 1000 Q = discharge in m/s

 p = density of fluid in

kg/ m g = acceleration due to gravity ( m/s) P1 = 1.732 X V X I X pf P3 = P1 X eff.of motor.

Key Parameter for determining efficiency

Flow Head Power

Flow Measurement Techniques

Tracer Method Ultrasonic flow measurement Tank filling method Installation of online flow meter

Determination of total head

Suction head

measured from pump inlet pressure gauge reading

Discharge head

This is taken from the pump discharge side Pr. gauge

Typical name plate details of pump

Pumps: (Monoblock Pumps used for

Drinking water)
Sl.No ITEM 1 Make 2 Capa hp/kW 3 Pipe sizes S/D 4 Head Pump1 Pump2 Beacon Beacon 5 (3.7) 5 (3.7) 65/50 mm 65/50 mm 25 m 25 m

Typical name plate details of pump

5 Discharge 6 Amps 7 Overall Efficiency 8 L/s 8 47% 8 L/s 8 47 %

Typical performance calculations

PUMP

EFFICIENCY CALCULATION SHEET SL.NO. ITEM Pump1 Pump2 Units 1 Voltage 406 407 volts 2 Current 6.0 6.6 amps
3

P.F 0.83 4 Power input 3.5

0.82 3.48

KW

Typical performance calculations

5 6 7 8

Dis. Head 22.2 Suc.Head 2.2 discharge 8 Hyd.Power 1.57 Pump Effi. 44.85

22.2 m 2.2 m 8 L/s 1.57 KW 45.10

Typical observations/ Recommendations

1. Replace the existing discharge line with the 50 mm dia pipes to reduce the friction losses. 2. Provide water level switch to switch off the pump sets as soon as the Tank is filled. 3. Replace the existing pump sets with high efficiency pump sets.

Factors to be considered from user side

Size pump correctly Operate close to the best efficiency point. Size all piping and valves correctly Avoid all leakages.

Flow control Strategies

Varying speed Pumps in parallel stop/start control Flow control valve

By pass control valve

Trimming impeller Use of VFDS

Energy conservation opportunities in pumping

Operate pump near best efficiency point. Replace old pumps by energy efficient

pumps Reduce system resistance by pressure drop assessment and pipe size optimization. Provide booster pump for few areas of higher head.

Energy conservation opportunities in pumping

Conduct water balance to minimize water

consumption. Ensure availability of instruments like pressure gauges, flow meters. Repair seals and packing to minimize water loss. Avoid valves in discharge side as far as possible. Operate pumpset during non-peak hours.

Thank You