Analysis of Rankine Cycle: Techno-economically

Feasible Thermodynamic Model

An appropriate selection of operational parameters & Processes
P M V Subbarao
Mechanical Engineering,
IIT Delhi
By
P M V Subbarao
Mechanical Engineering Department
I I T Delhi
Optimal Design of Vapour Power Plant
q
P
max
Parametric Study of Rankine Cycle
Parametric Study of Rankine Cycle
P
max
, MPa

w, kJ/kg
Parametric Study of Rankine Cycle
T
max
q
Parametric Study of Rankine Cycle
T
max
,
0
C
w, kJ/kg
150
250
450 550
650
Optimal Design of Vapour Power Plant
Condenser Temperature Vs Efficiency
0.3
0.32
0.34
0.36
0.38
0.4
0.42
0.44
0.46
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Tc
E
f
f
Condenser Temperature Vs Quality
0.68
0.7
0.72
0.74
0.76
0.78
0.8
0.82
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Tc
x
4
0.265
0.270
0.275
0.280
0.285
0.290
0.295
0.300
0.305
0.310
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Tc
X
4
.
E
f
f
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Q
in
W
net
Tc
Mean Effective Pressure
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Tc
p
,

k
P
a
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Pressure,bar
E
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
,
%
tc=20 c ( 18 mm Hg)
tc=27 C (50 mm Hg)
tc=36 C (75 mm Hg)
Effect of inlet steam pressure (P) and condenser pressure on
Rankine efficiency with constant inlet steam temperature of 470
o
C
Mean Effective Pressure
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Tc
p
,

k
P
a
s
min

s
max

If Carnot Studies The Rankine Cycle !
Equivalent Carnot Model of Rankine Model
Heat Addition in Steam Generator, q
in




Mean Effective Temperature of heat addition for
equivalent isothermal process.
2 3
3
2
3
2
3
2
h h dh ds
s
h
Tds q
p
in
= =
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
= =
} } }
2 3
2 3
3
2
3
2
,
s s
h h
ds
Tds
T
in m

= =
}
}
Equivalent Carnot Model of Rankine Model
Heat rejection in Steam Condenser, q
in




Mean Effective Temperature of heat rejection for
equivalent isothermal process.
4 1
1
4
1
4
1
4
h h dh ds
s
h
Tds q
p
out
= =
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
= =
} } }
( )
cond
cond
out m
T
s s
s s T
s s
h h
ds
Tds
T =

= =
}
}
4 1
4 1
4 1
4 1
1
4
1
4
,
Equivalent Carnot Model of Rankine Model
s
min
s
max

T
m,out

T
m,in

Analysis of Equivalent Carnot Model
Net work out put =


Heat Input =
}
= TdS W
net
}
=
max
min
S
S
in
TdS Q
( ) ( )
out m in m net
T T S S w
, , min max
=
( )
in m in
T S S Q
, min max
=
Efficiency,
in m
out m
in m
out m in m
in
net
Rankine
T
T
T
T T
Q
W
,
,
,
, ,
1 =

= = q