OSH is study concerned with protecting the safety, health & welfare of all people/ personnel/ stakeholders engaged

in work place or employment; including workers, coworkers, employers, family members, customers, suppliers, near by communities and other members of the public who are impacted by the work place environment.

Concepts of osh Work is central role in peoples lives. Most worker spend min.8 hour/day Work place must safe & healthy Worker faced multitude health hazard; dust, gases, noise, vibration, high temperature

Why safety important

Some employer , little responsibility forprotecting workers health & safety. Some do not even know they have themoral and often legal responsibility toprotect worker Lack attention -work-related accidentsand diseases are common in all parts of the world

History of osh
OSH role existence since 120 years ago.The history, can be explained in 5 eras. -Steam Boiler Safety Era (before 1914) -Machinery Safety Era (1914 -1952) -Industrial Safety Era (1953 1967) -Industrial Safety and Hygiene(1970 1994) -Occupational Safety and Health Era(after 1994)

Steam boiler safety era

- Boiler surveyor system was terminatedin 1900 - Machinery Enactment of 1913 wasabolished and replaced with MachineryEnactment of 1932

Machinery safety era

1st of January 1914, the steam boilerenactments of the Allied Malay Stateswere abolished and were replaced withMachinery Enactment of 1913 job title of Inspector of Boiler was alsoabolished and was replaced withinspector of Machinery and AssistantInspector of Machinery

Machinery safety era

inspectors were not only to inspectsteam boilers but also had to inspectmachineries, including self-combustionengines, water turbines and other relatedauxiliary machineries

Industrial safety era

Machinery Department form in 1953 In 1953, all of the machinery inactmentsof the Allied Malay States (Negeri-Negeri Melayu Bersekutu), Non-AlliedMalays States (NegeriNegeri MelayuTidak Bersekutu) and Strait States(Negeri-Negeri Selat) were abolishedand replaced with the MachineryOrdinance 1953

Industrial safety and hygiene

1967, the Factory and Machinery Actwas approved by the Parliment 1970, the Factory and Machinery Actand eight regulations under the act wereenforced. Machinery Ordinance 1953 was abolished

Industrial safety and hygiene

The inspectors who enforce the act arerenamed as Factory and MachineryInspector overcome the weaknesses in theMachinery Ordinance 1953

OSH Era
Occupational Safety and Health Act1994 (Act 514) approved by the Parliament in 1993 andwas gazetted on February 1994. Workers that are covered by Factory and Machinery Act 1967 consists only of 24% of the nations total man power

Osh era
Occupational Safetyand Health 1994would cover 90%of the nations totalman power Exempt thoseworking on shipsand in the armedforces

Safety terminologies
"employee means a person who isemployed for wagesunder a contract of service on or inconnection with thework of an industry

Safety terminologies
"employer -means the immediateemployer or the principal employer or both. "principal employer -means the owner of an industry or theperson with whom an employee hasentered into a contract of service

Safety terminologies
"near-miss accident" -means any accident at a place of work which has the potential of causing injury to any person ordamage to any property;

Safety terminologies
loss-time injury" -means an injury which prevents anyworker from performing normalwork and leads to a permanent ortemporary incapacity of work; Hazard" -something that can causeharm if not controlled

Safety terminologies
outcome -is the harm that resultsfrom an uncontrolled hazard. risk -is a combination of theprobability that a particularoutcome will occur and theseverity of the harm involved

Safety terminologies
accident -is an unexpected orunplanned events oroccurrences which results ininjuries, fatalities, loss of production or damage toproperty

Safety terminologies
incident -is unexpected or unplanned eventsin a sequence of events that occursthrough a combination of causeswhich results in physical harm,damage to property, near miss orcombination of the above

Safety terminologies
near miss is an event which did not result ininjury or damage to property but hadthe potential to do so. It shares thesame root causes as accident butbecause of chance no harm or damagehas occurred

TYPES OF ACCIDENT
Slips, Trips & Falls Related to machineries Related to in contact with electricity Related to in contact with chemicals,toxic or radioactive materials Related to exposure to high temperature,noise, pressure