RETScreen Photovoltaic Project Analysis of 36 kWp System in South Spain

Photovoltaic Project Analysis Using RETScreen software
http://www.retscreen.net/
Case study : 36 kWp installed in South of Spain, grid connected, fix structure
Fernando Nuo European Copper Institute fng@eurocopper.org
January 09
In cooperation with Infrysol http://www.infrysol.com/
Index
What a PV system consists on?
Fix Structure vs Tracking System RETScreen Analysis Required inputs Computing Results
www.leonardo-energy.org
What a PV system consists on?

Photovoltaic cells connected into modules Modules grouped into panels, panels grouped into arrays Power conditioning unit (inverter) Transformer
Grid Connection
Pictures: Fernando Nuo www.leonardo-energy.org
Fix Structure vs Tracking System
Easy to install and operate
No moving parts, lower maintenance, more reliable operation
Average production in South of Spain : 1500 kWh/kWp
Needs more solid foundations and stiff structure : +1/Wp
Needs higher maintenance and suffers higher risk of unscheduled outages
Average production in South of Spain : 2000 kWh/kWp (+30%)
Pictures: Fernando Nuo www.leonardo-energy.org
Analysis with RETScreen Required inputs

Selected PV panels Selected Inverters Transformer
Technical characteristics Nominal Power under Standard conditions Efficiency in operation
Investment Investment
Efficiency in operation Cabling, civil works, grid connection works, support structure / trackers Owned : how much it cost? Renting: annual fee? Recurrent costs: monitoring and security, tracker maintenance, land renting, insurances
Investment
Miscellaneous Land Operation
Investment Investment Annual expenditure

Selected PV panels
1.94 m2
280 Wp
Efficiency = 280 W / [1,94 m2 * 1000 W/m2] = 14.4%

Picture: Suntech www.leonardo-energy.org

Selected inverters
3.5 kW
95% eff
Picture: Fronius

Site characteristics
Location
Here
Here

Site characteristics
Building orientation related to North/South and roof slope
South
Picture :
Analysis with RETScreen Computing

Project Information
Project information
Project name Project location
Clean Energy Project Analysis Software

See project database
Pedro Muoz - Fix Pedro Muoz - Castilla la Mancha - Spain Leonardo Energy Webinars Fernando Nuo Power Photovoltaic Central-grid Method 1 Lower heating value (LHV)
Grid connected or off-grid applications
Prepared for Prepared by Project type Technology Grid type
Two types of analysis : first approach or developed in depth
Analysis type Heating value reference Show settings Language - Langue User manual Currency Symbol Units
English - Anglais English - Anglais Euro Metric units
Site reference conditions

Climate data location
Select climate data location
Tomelloso

Climate data location
Select climate data location

Tomelloso
Large choice of locations around the world
Show data
Provides irradiation, temperature and wind data per month

Type of PV system
Two types of analysis : 1) first approach or 2) developed in depth
Analysis type Photovoltaic Resource assessment Solar tracking mode Slope Azimuth
Method 1 Method 2
Fixed 35,0 32,0
Fixed, 1 axis track, 2 axis track

Computing slope Analysis type and azimut
Photovoltaic Resource assessment Solar tracking mode Slope Azimuth Method 1 Method 2
Fixed 35,0 32,0
Slope = arctan [tan2() + tan2()]0,5 Azimut = + arctan [tan() / tan()]
South
Picture :
Analysis with RETScreen Results

Exported Electricity
Month January February March April May June July August September October November December Annual Daily solar radiation horizontal kWh/m/d 2,21 3,15 4,44 5,31 6,14 7,15 7,29 6,33 4,91 3,28 2,31 1,85 4,54
Feed-in tariff applicable in Spain up to Sept 2008 Estimated Electricity Export to grid
Daily solar radiation - tilted kWh/m/d 3,34 4,18 5,18 5,48 5,82 6,51 6,76 6,33 5,44 4,03 3,32 2,85 4,94
Electricity export Electricity rate exported to grid /MWh MWh 455,1 3,549 455,1 3,958 455,1 5,309 455,1 5,388 455,1 5,789 455,1 6,087 455,1 6,409 455,1 6,030 455,1 5,137 455,1 4,075 455,1 3,345 455,1 3,030 455,10 58,106

Actual vs Estimated Export
Actual - Expected Electricity Export
20%
Estimated export to grid MWh 3,549 3,958 5,309 5,388 5,789 6,087 6,409 6,030 5,137 4,075 3,345 3,030 58,106
Actual export to grid MWh 3,216 3,747 5,764 6,042 4,014 6,084 5,749 6,311 5,060 4,315 3,830 2,684 56,816
15% 10% 5% 0%
February January May July August April
Deviation %
November
October
March
June
-5% -10% -15% -20% -25% -30%
-2%
-35%
May was particularl y cloudy and rainy www.leonardo-energy.org
September
December

Number of panels
Introduce the power to install and the panel efficiency
Photovoltaic Type Power capacity Manufacturer Model Efficiency Nominal operating cell temperature Temperature coefficient Solar collector area poly-Si 36,00 Suntech poly-Si - STP280-24/Vb 14,4% 45 0,40% 250
kW
140 unit(s)
% C % / C m
Obtain the number of panels and the solar collector area
Cost breakdown
4,5 /W
Prices in Euros PV Panels 140x280 W Inverters 10x3500 W Fix Structure Low Voltage Material Civil Works Manforce Project / Design Safety Program Insurance works + 1st year Grid Connexion Environmental Fence Security equipment (anti-theft) Transformer TOTAL
Units 140 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Price per unit Total price 1157 2700 12000 5200 1500 3000 6000 700 1000 1000 162000 27000 12000 5200 1500 3000 6000 700 1000 1000
6,1 /W
219400
Cost breakdown
COST BREAKDOWN 2007 - SPAIN 36 kW fixed - roof installed
PV Panels 140x280 W Inverters 6x5500 W Fix Structure Low Voltage Material Civil Works Manforce Project / Design Safety Program Insurance works + 1st year Grid Connexion

Financial parameters Inflation rate % Project life yr Debt ratio % Debt interest rate % Debt term yr % yr % % yr 4,0% 25 80% 6,00% 10
Input yr 25 s % 80%
al parameters Financial parameters Financial rate Inflation rate ife Project life analysis io Debt ratio erest rate Debt interest rate m Debt term Initial costs Power system 0,0% Other Total initial costs
Outupts
800.000 700.000 600.000 500.000 400.000 300.000 200.000 100.000 0 0 -100.000 1 2
% 4,0%
6,00% % yr 10
osts ystem
itial costs
Initial costs Power system 0 Cumulative cash flows graph 219.400 Other Total initial costs 219.400
0 219.400 219.400
Financial viability Pre-tax IRR - equity Pre-tax IRR - assets Simple payback Equity payback
Cumulative cash flows ()
20,0% 27,2% 7,4% 9,9% 9,6 7,9 5,6 9,8
Output: % Cumulative % Cash Flow
yr yr
27,2% 9,9% 7,9 5,6
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Year www.leonardo-energy.org

CO2 emission analysis
Emission Analysis GHG emission factor (excl. T&D) tCO2/MWh 0,325 58
Reference power generation technology
Base case electricity system (Baseline) Country - region Spain Electricity exported to grid GHG emission Base case Proposed case Gross annual GHG emission reduction GHG credits transaction fee Net annual GHG emission reduction GHG reduction income GHG reduction credit rate GHG reduction credit duration GHG reduction credit escalation rate
Fuel type Natural gas MWh
T&D losses % 10,0% T&D losses
GHG emission factor tCO2/MWh 0,361 5,0%
tCO2 tCO2 tCO2 % tCO2
21,0 1,0 20,0 20,0 is equivalent to 8.132
/tCO2 yr %
15,00 20 5,0%
Obtain Net annual emission reduction
Analysis with RETScreen Two axis track

Two axis track
33.6 kW
Thank you!
SOFTWARE
CASE STUDIES by:
http://www.retscreen.net/
http://www.infrysol.com/
Anex Slope and Azimut calculations

Find such that / = 0 (maximum slope)
=90-
South
Picture :
Find such that / = 0 (maximum slope)
Annex Available surface on roof
Where is the lowest sun height (21 december in North hemisphere)
Where is the slope

RETScreen Photovoltaic Project Analysis of 36 kWp System in South Spain

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RETScreen Photovoltaic Project Analysis of 36 kWp System in South Spain

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Photovoltaic Project Analysis Using RETScreen software

In cooperation with Infrysol http://www.infrysol.com/

What a PV system consists on?

Fix Structure vs Tracking System

Easy to install and operate

No moving parts, lower maintenance, more reliable operation

Average production in South of Spain : 1500 kWh/kWp

Needs more solid foundations and stiff structure : +1/Wp

Needs higher maintenance and suffers higher risk of unscheduled outages

Average production in South of Spain : 2000 kWh/kWp (+30%)

Pictures: Fernando Nuo www.leonardo-energy.org

Analysis with RETScreen Required inputs

Miscellaneous Land Operation

Investment Investment Annual expenditure

Analysis with RETScreen Required inputs

Efficiency = 280 W / [1,94 m2 * 1000 W/m2] = 14.4%

Analysis with RETScreen Required inputs

Analysis with RETScreen Required inputs

Analysis with RETScreen Required inputs

Analysis with RETScreen Computing

Clean Energy Project Analysis Software

Grid connected or off-grid applications

Prepared for Prepared by Project type Technology Grid type

Two types of analysis : first approach or developed in depth

English - Anglais English - Anglais Euro Metric units

Site reference conditions

Select climate data location

Analysis with RETScreen Computing

Select climate data location

Large choice of locations around the world

Provides irradiation, temperature and wind data per month

Analysis with RETScreen Computing

Fixed 35,0 32,0

Fixed, 1 axis track, 2 axis track

Analysis with RETScreen Computing

Fixed 35,0 32,0

Slope = arctan [tan2() + tan2()]0,5 Azimut = + arctan [tan() / tan()]

Analysis with RETScreen Results

Analysis with RETScreen Results

-5% -10% -15% -20% -25% -30%

May was particularl y cloudy and rainy www.leonardo-energy.org

Analysis with RETScreen Results

Obtain the number of panels and the solar collector area

Analysis with RETScreen Results

Cumulative cash flows ()

20,0% 27,2% 7,4% 9,9% 9,6 7,9 5,6 9,8

Output: % Cumulative % Cash Flow

27,2% 9,9% 7,9 5,6

Analysis with RETScreen Results

Reference power generation technology

Fuel type Natural gas MWh

T&D losses % 10,0% T&D losses

GHG emission factor tCO2/MWh 0,361 5,0%

tCO2 tCO2 tCO2 % tCO2

21,0 1,0 20,0 20,0 is equivalent to 8.132

Obtain Net annual emission reduction

Analysis with RETScreen Two axis track

CASE STUDIES by:

Anex Slope and Azimut calculations

Anex Slope and Azimut calculations

Anex Slope and Azimut calculations

Anex Slope and Azimut calculations

Find such that / = 0 (maximum slope)