Presentation on BSNL IPTV SERVICES

BY Broadband Multiplay Wing DNW, Bangalore

Objectives
During this session the participants will be able to acquire knowledge in the following What is IPTV ? Network Components of IPTV Services Basic architecture and Call flow of IPTV in Broadband Multiplay network View configurational parameters for extending IPTV services by logging on to the BNG of Broadband Multiplay. Configuration of DSLAM port for IPTV Services through a script IP Multicasting and Multicast routing protocols PIM DM and PIM SM Provisioning of IPTV Services in BSNL
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WHAT is IPTV ?
IPTV (Internet Protocol Television) is a system where a digital television service is delivered using Internet Protocol over a network infrastructure, which may include delivery by a broadband connection BSNL IPTV service is delivering the favorite broadcast channels and other video content transmitted over broadband network via a digital set top box.

COMPONENT OF IPTV DELIVERY SERVICE

CONTENT HEAD END CDN NETWORK
MIDDLEWARE MULTICAST SERVERS BILLING SERVERS DRM SERVERS

DELIVERY NETWORK
MPLS MULTIPLAY NETWORK: BNG RPR DSLAM

LAST MILE
CPE STB
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Components of IPTV Delivery services

Content Head End: The CDN network operation center houses content comprising of varied videos and broadcast channels. Here TV channels are received and encoded. Delivery network: BSNL's Broadband network. Last Mile ADSL Line: Copper Access to Subscriber with CPE Set Top Box with a remote: The Set Top Box is required at the customers premise to convert the IP signal back to TV signal. With every set top box you get a remote.

SCHEMATIC VIEW OF IPTV SERVICE.

Video Traffic Voice Traffic Data Traffic

TV over IP Services
MPLS CORE MPLS CORE

5.

Video Traffic forwarded to Content Server by L3PE through MPLS Core 4.

BNG BNG Removes the Multicast VLAN tag, maps the traffic to corresponding context and forwards to L3PE with proper RPR T1 upstream VLAN Tag

L3PE

VIDEO VLAN

BNG

1.

CPE configured to sent Data / Voice / Video Traffic as specific ATM 2. PVCs
TV PC

MCAST VLAN

3. DSLAM adds Corresponding Multicast VLAN to the Video Traffic

RPR / OCLAN Switch forwards the traffic in Multicast VLAN with proper QoS Mapping

RPR T2
MCAST VLAN

DSLAM

STB CPE Phone

RPR T2
MCAST VLAN

3 PVCs for 3 Services

RPR T2

RPR T2

IPTV NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

CDN-SWITCH

PIM SPARSE/DENSE PE -MPLS 172.16.1.156/30

PIM Sparse-Mode

BNG
STB Interface/Sparse Mode

172.16.1.160/30 1 G CONNECTIVITY

CDN END
L2 domain TIER-II TIER-II

TIER 1

TIER-II

STB/IPTV

BSNL END
LAST MILE

IGMP-Snooping
SPLITTER

DSLAM

ADSL +2 modem
Phone
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How IPTV is extended to customers premises ?

L3 communication has been established between the CDN NOC and the PE of BSNL PIM Protocol has been enabled between the CDN NOC MCR-BNG for multicasting The Downlink interface of BNG is the STB interface for IPTV for the entire ring IGMP snooping is enabled at the RPR ring IGMP snooping is enabled at the DSLAM From DSLAM the Multicast stream is flows to the ADSL +2 modem at the Last mile AT the CPE a separate VPI-VCI is configured for IPTV.
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Functions of CDN
Analog Signals are received from the Antenna to the receivers Receivers convert the Analog signal to the Digital signal Encoders convert the Digitized signals to UDP traffic The multicast traffic pump by the Encoder are in MPEG-4 format Middle-ware performs different functions which are as follows: Channel Management User Management STB Management VOD Video On Demand Storage Real-Time Synchronization Management

SCHEMATICAL VIEW OF CDN NOC

CDN SWITCH

MIDDLEWARE/BILLING 203.110.223.32/27

MULTICAST SERVER 203.110.223.1/27

DRM 203.110.223.64/28

RECEIVER

ANALOG SIGNAL

ENCODER

ASI
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 Digital Right Management are for Securing the packets from Hacking and Blocks Customer from unauthorized access to any movie or Channel stream. DRM Perform RC 4 Encryption Generates Key to encrypt the Multicast stream and Video Stream Database server for database management and user authentication Database communicate with the Middleware to maintain the User database and STB authentication

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IPTV Call Flow

The STB Ethernet interface is connected to ADSL CPEs Ethernet port, which in turn is port mapped to 0/100 PVC configured in bridge mode. The DSLAM ADSL port maps PVC 0/100 to a unique IPTV VLAN. IGMP snooping need to be enabled on DSLAM ADSL cards and uplink cards, RPR / OC LAN switches interfaces so that the IPTV stream is forwarded / pruned on receipt of IGMP REPORT / LEAVE messages. IPTV traffic / IGMP messages are carried up to BNG in a single VLAN. In order to prevent MAC security issues MAC force forwarding is implemented on DSLAM uplink by resolving all arp request with BNG interface MAC address and dropping 192.168.1.0/24 arp requests. Further STB DHCP client needs to be configured to accept IP address only by CDN DHCP sever in order to avoid IP address assigned by other CPEs in the IPTV VLAN. All the devises below BNG work in Layer-2 mode by extending the IGMP packets from STB up to BNG.
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IPTV Call Flow

When a subscriber request for TV channel using STB remote, the STB sends IGMP REPORT message requesting for the IPTV channel by indicating the multicasting address of that channel. The ADSL card of DSLAM receives the IGMP Report message, checks its IGMP table for that stream. If that channel is already extended up to ADSL card. The multicasting stream shall be forwarded on PVC 0/100 of the subscriber and the entry is made in the IGMP table. If not the same process is repeated at every hop i.e. DSLAM uplink, RPR / OC LAN Switch and BNG input interfaces. If the stream is not available in BNG, on receipt of IGMP message from STB BNG sends PIM JOIN message to PE router. If stream is available on PE router it forwards to BNG, which in turn forwards the stream on interface over which IGMP report is received. This process continues hop by hop up to CDN Layer-3 switch if the stream is not available in PE, P and PE routers. .
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IPTV Call Flow

A separate IPTV context is configured in BNG without any AAA services. PIM SM proxy is configured on BNG interface towards RPR Tier-I switches in order to associate IGMP table with PIM multicasting routes. PIM SM feature is enabled on BNG uplink connected to PE router with PIM RP pointing to CDN layer-3 switch IP address. The CDNLayer-3 switch that aggregates the streaming servers is connected to MPLS PE router on GE port. In MPLS a separate multicasting enabled VRF is created for carrying IPTV streams. Powering on the STB, the STB contacts the CDN server and gets authenticated based on its MAC address. The CDN DHCP server allots IP address to the STB. The CDN server pushes the TV Channel description along with its associated multicasting ip address.

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IPTV Call Flow

With MPEG-4 video code each channel occupies around 3 mbps. For IPTV service 8 mbps ADSL profile is assigned to the ADSL port on DSLAM. Uplink and Down link policing profile as in case of internet service is not applied on BNG link towards the subscribe for IPTV service. When a subscriber changes channel, IGMP Leave message for the previous channel is sent followed by IGMP Report message for new channel. If there is no other subscriber watching the channel in that ADSL card for which it has received IGMP Leave message, the ADSL card forwards the IGMP leave message to the DSLAM uplink card so that it stops receiving the channel. This process continues hop by hop up to BNG. The same process continues from BNG to CDN Layer-3 switch by means of PIM Prune message in lieu of IGMP Leave message

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IP MULTICASTING
IP Multicast is a protocol for transmitting IP datagrams from one source to many destinations

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Protocol Independent Multicast Sparse Mode (PIM SM) PIM Sparse Mode (PIM-SM) is a multicast routing protocol designed on the assumption that recipients for any particular multicast group will be sparsely distributed throughout the network. It is assumed that most subnets in the network will not want any given multicast packet. In order to receive multicast data, routers must explicitly tell their upstream neighbors about their interest in particular groups and sources. Routers use PIM Join and Prune messages to join and leave multicast distribution trees.

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PIM SM
With PIM-SM, the neighboring router knows about the RP. The neighboring router forwards the multicast data to the RP by encapsulating it in a unicast Register message or messages. Normal routing delivers the Register to the RP. The RP de-encapsulates the multicast and forwards copies down any Shared Tree This connects the Source to the RP with a Source Tree, the (S, G) Shortest Path Tree (SPT). Once the RP receives multicasts along this SPT, it sends a Register-Stop to tell the router by the Source to stop sending Register packets. The reason for this behavior is that no multicast packets are lost, if there are receivers already present. By the way, if there are no receivers present, the Register-Stop message is sent. Then when a receiver subsequently shows up (IGMP to neighbor router, PIM Join from neighbor router back to RP), then the RP sends the PIM Join to the Source at that time.
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PIM SM

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Protocol Independent Multicast Dense Mode (PIM DM)

PIM Dense Mode (PIM-DM) is a multicast routing protocol designed with the opposite assumption to PIM-SM, namely that the receivers for any multicast group are distributed densely throughout the network. It is assumed that most (or at least many) subnets in the network will want any given multicast packet. Multicast data is initially sent to all hosts in the network. Routers that do not have any interested hosts then send PIM Prune messages to remove themselves from the tree. When a source first starts sending data, each router on the source's LAN receives the data and forwards it to all its PIM neighbors and to all links with directly attached receivers for the data. Each router that receives a forwarded packet also forwards it likewise, but only after checking that the packet arrived on its upstream interface. If not, the packet is dropped. This mechanism prevents forwarding loops from occurring. In this way, the data is flooded to all parts of the network.
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PIM -DM

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Show commands for multicast trouble shooting

show ip mroute show ip pim interface show ip pim neighbor show ip rpf

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Understanding IGMP One router periodically broadcasts IGMP Query messages onto the link. Hosts respond to the Query messages by sending IGMP Report messages indicating their group memberships.

All routers receive the Report messages and note the memberships of hosts on the link.
If a router doesn't receive a Report message for a particular group for a period of time, the router assumes there are no more members of the group on the link.

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IGMP Snooping IGMP snooping is the process of listening to IGMP network traffic. IGMP snooping, as implied by the name, is a feature that allows a layer 2 switch to "listen in" on the IGMP conversation between hosts and routers by processing the layer 3 IGMP packets sent in a multicast network. When IGMP snooping is enabled in a switch it analyzes all IGMP packets between hosts connected to the switch and multicast routers in the network. When a switch hears an IGMP report from a host for a given multicast group, the switch adds the host's port number to the multicast list for that group. And, when the switch hears an IGMP Leave, it removes the host's port from the table entry.
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Purpose of IGMP Snooping IGMP snooping is designed to prevent hosts on a local network from receiving traffic for a multicast group they have not explicitly joined. It provides switches with a mechanism to prune multicast traffic from links that do not contain a multicast listener (IGMP client)

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IPTV service Provisioning in BSNL

Presently IPTV services are being provided to the BSNL Broadband users through franchisees Each franchisee will be signing the agreement to provide IPTV services in the prescribed number of cities He will provide the content to BSNL Broadband network for delivering the same to the users The franchisee is responsible for providing / installing the STB at the customers premises Authentication request for IPTV will be processed at the Franchisee end. BSNL is responsible all configurations on the NEs and DSLAMs for extending IPTV services to the customer premises IPTV has been tested in about 76 cities from 3 active franchisees. In about 20 cities it is commercially launched.

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