TEKNOLOGI DALAM PENGAJARAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN

EDU 3105

TEKNOLOGI
Disediakan Oleh Kamaludin Ahmad JTMK, MPTI, JB

Perbincangan
Teknologi & Teknologi Pendidikan Rekabentuk Pengajaran ID (instructional Design) LMS Learning Management System Sekolah Bestari Integrasi TMK dalam P&P Teori

Teknologi?

Dalam kes ini kita boleh melihatnya dari dua sudut; 1. Teknologi sebagai benda dan 2. Teknologi sebagai proses sosial. (Naughton J, 1986 - Technology in Schools)

Teknologi?

Technology is the application of knowledge, tools and skills to solve practical problems and extend human capabilities. "Technology - Report of the Project 2061, Phase I Technology Panel" American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1989.

Teknologi Pendidikan

Ia berperanan memberi penekanan terhadap idea-idea pendidikan sebagai rekaan teknologi, sebabnya ia menerima perkaraan asas yang maju biasanya hasil dari interaksi 'merubah konsep' (mendahului ke cara-cara baru melihat sesuatu) dengan 'merubah teknik-teknik' (mendahului cara-cara baru melakukan sesuatu).

Domain TP

Rekabentuk Pengajaran

Definisi
Instructional Design as a Process Instructional Design as a Discipline Instructional Design as a Science Instructional Design as Reality

Rekabentuk Pengajaran

Instructional Design as a Process:

Instructional Design is the systematic development of instructional specifications using learning and instructional theory to ensure the quality of instruction. It is the entire process of analysis of learning needs and goals and the development of a delivery system to meet those needs. It includes development of instructional materials and activities; and tryout and evaluation of all instruction and learner activities.

Rekabentuk Pengajaran

Instructional Design as a Discipline

Instructional Design is that branch of knowledge concerned with research and theory about instructional strategies and the process for developing and implementing those strategies.

Rekabentuk Pengajaran

Instructional Design as a Science

Instructional design is the science of creating detailed specifications for the development, implementation, evaluation, and maintenance of situations that facilitate the learning of both large and small units of subject matter at all levels of complexity.

Rekabentuk Pengajaran

Instructional Design as Reality

Instructional design can start at any point in the design process. Often a glimmer of an idea is developed to give the core of an instruction situation. By the time the entire process is done the designer looks back and she or he checks to see that all parts of the "science" have been taken into account. Then the entire process is written up as if it occurred in a systematic fashion.

Rekabentuk Pengajaran

Instructional System
An instructional system is an arrangement of resources and procedures to promote learning. Instructional design is the systematic process of developing instructional systems and instructional development is the process of implementing the system or plan.

Rekabentuk Pengajaran

Instructional Technology
Instructional technology is the systemic and systematic application of strategies and techniques derived from behavioral, cognitive, and constructivist theories to the solution of instructional problems.
Instructional technology is the systematic application of theory and other organized knowledge to the task of instructional design and development.

Instructional Technology = Instructional Design + Instructional Development

Rekabentuk Pengajaran
ASSURE ADDIE Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction

ASSURE

A - Analyze Learners S - State Objectives S - Select Methods, Media and Materials U - Utilize Media and Materials R - Require Learner Participation E - Evaluate and Revise

ADDIE
A - Analysis phase D Design phase D Development phase I Implementation phase E Evaluation phase

Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction

Instructional Event 1. Gain attention 2. Inform learners of objectives 3. Stimulate recall of prior learning 4. Present the content 5. Provide "learning guidance" 6. Elicit performance (practice) 7. Provide feedback 8. Assess performance 9. Enhance retention and transfer to the job Internal Mental Process Stimuli activates receptors Creates level of expectation for learning Retrieval and activation of short-term memory Selective perception of content Semantic encoding for storage long-term memory Responds to questions to enhance encoding and verification Reinforcement and assessment of correct performance Retrieval and reinforcement of content as final evaluation Retrieval and generalization of learned skill to new situation

LMS Learning Management System

Berasas kepada teknologi internet. Berasas rekabentuk Berasas teori pembelajaran Berasas pembelajaran kendiri Mengandungi pelbagai alat (aktiviti) umum untuk proses pembelajaran

Tugasan Perbincangan Catatan jurnal Ujian, kuiz Dan pelbagai lagi.

LMS Learning Management System

Dalam LMS guru/pensyarah perlu mereka bentuk proses pembelajaran Harus memahami bagaimana seseorang individu belajar, Mengetahui bagaimana individu membina kefahaman mereka Berupaya mengurus bahan dan sumber yang berkaitan. Dapat menggunakan alat/aktiviti pembelajaran dengan berkesan.

Sekolah Bestari
satu daripada tujuh flagship application Koridor Raya Multimedia satu transformasi dalam sistem pendidikan sedang berlaku melalui perubahan sistemik dalam aspek kurikulum, sistem penilaian, pengurusan, pentadbiran dan latihan guru

Sekolah Bestari

Pembelajaran bestari memberikan penekanan kepada aspek berfikir melalui pembinaan dan peningkatan minda selaras dengan hala tuju pendidikan negara. Fokus pengajaran dan pembelajaran di Sekolah Bestari juga lebih berpusat kepada pelajar, terarah kendiri, mengikut tahap keupayaan individu, berkesinambungan dan reflektif melalui kurikulum yang luwes dan terbuka. Usaha ini dapat dijayakan dengan bantuan pelbagai media teknologi khususnya teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi yang terkini dengan jaringan yang meliputi seluruh dunia. Sekolah Bestari turut memberikan penekanan kepada pendemokrasian pendidikan melalui layanan pelbagai kecerdasan dan gaya pembelajaran sesuai dengan tahap keupayaan, kebolehan dan keperluan pelajar.

Integrasi TMK dalam P&P

Integrasi? Bila perlu Bila tidak Bagaimana

Integrasi TMK dalam P&P

Curriculum integration with the use of technology involves the infusion of technology as a tool to enhance the learning in a content area or multidisciplinary setting. Technology enables students to learn in ways not previously possible. Effective integration of technology is achieved when students are able to select technology tools to help them obtain information in a timely manner, analyze and synthesize the information, and present it professionally. The technology should become an integral part of how the classroom functionsas accessible as all other classroom tools.

Integrasi TMK dalam P&P

Pendekatan?

PBL Project Based Learning PBL Problem Based Learning

Teori
Learning theory or Teaching theory? Apa itu teori? Adakah ia penting? Jika Ya! Apakah teori yang anda guna pakai

Teori
Bagaimana anda melihat sesuatu proses pembelajaran! Apakah elemen2 yang anda lihat? Bagaimana anda mempastikan bahawa pembelajaran itu telah berlaku? Bagaiamana anda telah pasti bahawa pelajar anda telah memahami apa yang mereka pelajari?

Apa yang dipelajari?

Secara relatifnya setiap perkara yang kita pelajari ialah ..?

Faham

Konsep

Adakah anda jelas apa itu konsep ?

Kenapa anda faham sesuatu perkara ?