Tourism basics

SESSION 1 2013

Characteristics of tourists and tourism

leasure consuming unnecessary

goods and services looking for pleasurable experience interest, curiosity taking pictures gaze

Attractions, destinations

Attractions
No site, sight or event is an

attraction in itself. It only becomes one when a tourism system is created to designate and elevate it to the status of an attraction. Almost any object may become an attraction through advertising. Dead Prisoner In The Torture Chamber, Loket Castle, Czech Republic.

Attractions
How can something become a touristic attraction?
An object is necessary which can be associated with a location.

Attractions cannot be brought to customers,

customers must go to the attraction to experience it. The system that creates and supports an attraction must have 3 major components:
An object or event located at a site A tourist or consumer A market, an image to tell the tourist why it is interesting.

Types of attractions:
Environmental or cultural resources Natural or built (historic sites, resorts, theme parks) Social (meeting the residents of destination)

Special attractions from our recent past

http://woodlandshoppersparadise.blogs pot.com/2011_07_01_archive.html

http://www.sziklakorhaz.h u/

Tourism according to organisation

1.

Organised tours (by travel organisers)

1. 2.

Package tours (for groups) Personalised tours

2. Individual tours

Forms of tourism
1. Individual and group tours 2. Mass tourism / niche tourism

Niche tourism

Tourism according to number and effect of tourism on destination

Mass tourism (seaside holiday, mass pilgrimage, certain types of cultural tourism, e.g. Festivals, etc.) 2. Alternative (niche) tourism (ecotourism, sustainable tourism, rural tourism, cultural heritage tourism, exclusive tourism, etc.)
1.

Aims/motivation
Leasure tourism (seaside holidays, city breaks,

religious, cultural, health, sports, adventure, green, shopping, gastro, hobby e.g. hunting) Business tourism MICE (meeting, incentive, congress, events/exhibitions) VFR visiting friend and relatives

Activities leasure tourism

Activities business tourism

?

Tourism =? Tourist =?
Several definitions The definition of the UNTWO (United

Nations World Tourism Organization) Tourism comprises the activities of persons traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business, and other purposes.

Visitors
Grouping according to time of stay: 1. Tourist: visitor staying for more than 24 hours at a

destination (needs accommodation for the night) 2. Excursionist: spends less than 24 hours at a certain destination

Grouping according to time of stay: visitor

A) Tourists: can be registered for statistics, require

accommodation B) Excursionists: spend less than 24 hours at a destination C) Transit passengers: spend little, move fast, e.g. Guest workers (Germany-Turkey)

Tourism according to destination

Domestic tourism: visits by residents of a country to their own country International tourism Inbound tourism: visits to a country by nonresidents Outbound tourism: visits by residents of a country to another country Internal tourism: visits by residents and nonresidents of the country of reference National tourism: internal tourism plus outbound tourism (the resident tourism market for travel agents, airlines, other suppliers)

The 5 main sectors of travel and tourism

Market segmentation
Geographic, demographic, psychographic,

behaviouralistic Demographic e.g.: age, gender, family size, family lifecycle, generation, income, occupation, education, ethnicity, nationality, religion, social class (DINKS: double income, no kids)

Plogs Allocentric - Psychocentric Theory

http://pengsem.blogspot.com/2011/04/plogs-allocentric-psychocentric-theory.html

tourists personality characteristics determine their

travel patterns and preferences

Disney ads
A linguistic analysis of a powerful advertisement of

Disney will show why their communication is so effective. Links to look at: http://disneycruise.disney.go.com/cruisesdestinations/new-to-cruising/ http://disneycruise.disney.go.com/shipsactivities/ships/dream/ http://disneycruise.disney.go.com/cruisesdestinations/bahamas/ports/castaway-cay/

Linguistic features of the advertisement

Distinctive designs Decorative gold swirls Magnificent, unforgettable, pleasurepacked

Mixing grand elegance with an element of fun

Discover Exotic destinations