INNOVATIVE METHODS OF TEACHING

Muraleedharan.T, Principal, CUTEC-Vatakara

A CLASS ROOM TEACHING

A BHUTANESE CLASS ROOM

A MONTESSORIE CLASS ROOM

hes words and illustrations as his teacher looks on. The Italian educator Maria Montessori introduced her method of teaching children in 1907. The Montessori method encourages

MARIA MONTESSORIE

AN ADULT LITERACY CLASS

AIDS EDUCATION

A CLASS ROOM IN U.S.A

A FIELD TRIP TO MUSEUM

A LANGUAGE CLASS IN AN UNDERDEVELOPED COUNTRY

A HIGH SCHOOL CLASS AT MALI

KINDERGARTEN CLASS

A KUWAITI CLASS ROOM

A YOGA CLASS IN INDIA

AFGANISTHANI WOMEN ATTEND CLASS

WHICH IS CORRECT ? METHOD OF TEACHING

OR

METHOD OF LEARNING

TEACHING METHODS
Reception Learning

Discovery learning

Lecture.M Advance Organizer.M

Group Investigation Bruner

Suchman

Role Playing

Project Method

Collabor ative Lg.

Jean Piaget Dramatization .

PSYCHOLOGICAL REALITY OF LEARNING

HOW DOES THE LEARNING TAKES PLACE?

WHETHER KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRE OR CONSTRUCT?

CAN WE TEACH ANYTHING?

LEARNING THEORY
In psychology and education, learning
theories are attempts to describe how people and animals learn, thereby helping us understand the inherently complex process of learning. There are basically three main perspectives in learning theories, behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism.

CONSTRUCTIVISM
Constructivism is a perspective in philosophy that views all of our knowledge as "constructed", under the assumption that it does not necessarily reflect any external "transcendent" realities; it is contingent on convention, human perception, and social experience.

CONSTRUCTIVISM

COGNITIVE CONSTRUCTIVISM SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIVISM CULTURAL CONSTRUCTIVISM RADICAL CONSTRUCTIVISM CRITICAL CONSTRUCTIVISM

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CONSTRUCTIVIST TEACHING

"The brain is a parallel processor".

It simultaneously processes many different types of information, including thoughts, emotions, and cultural knowledge. Effective teaching employs a variety of learning strategies

PRINCIPLE - 2

"Learning engages the entire physiology" Teachers can't address just the intellect.

PRINCIPLE - 3

"The search for meaning is innate" Effective teaching recognizes that meaning is personal and unique, and that students' understandings are based on their own unique experiences.

PRINCIPLE - 4
"The search for meaning occurs through 'patterning' . Effective teaching connects isolated ideas and information with global concepts and themes.

1.

PRINCIPLE - 5

1. "Emotions are critical to patterning" . Learning is influenced by emotions, feelings, and attitudes.

PRINCIPLE - 6

"The brain processes parts and wholes simultaneously" . People have difficulty learning when either parts or wholes are overlooked.

PRINCIPLE - 7

"Learning involves both focused attention and peripheral perception". Learning is influenced by the environment, culture, and climate.

PRINCIPLE - 8

"Learning always involves conscious and unconscious processes". Students need time to process 'how' as well as 'what' they've learned.

PRINCIPLE - 9
1. "We have at least two different types of memory: a spatial memory system, and a set of systems for rote learning" . Teaching that heavily emphasizes rote learning does not promote spatial, experienced learning and can inhibit understanding.

PRINCIPLE - 10
"We understand and remember best when facts and skills are embedded in natural, spatial memory" (p. 86). Experiential learning is most effective.

PRINCIPLE - 11

"Learning is enhanced by challenge and inhibited by threat" . The classroom climate should be challenging but not threatening to students

PRINCIPLE - 12
"Each brain is unique" . Teaching must be multifaceted to allow students to express preferences.

Constructivist teaching

Constructivist teaching is based on the constructivist learning theory, which holds that learning should build upon knowledge that a student already has, and that learning is more effective when a student is actively involved in the construction of knowledge, rather than when he/she is passively listening to a lecture.Thus, the learners give meaning to the knowledge based on their personal experiences.

Constructivist learning

JEAN PIAGETS LEARNING THEORY.

LEV VYGOTSKYS LEARNING THEORY.

NOAM CHOMSKY

American linguist, writer, teacher, and political activist Noam Chomsky is considered the founder of transformationalgenerative linguistic analysis, which revolutionized the field of linguistics.

JEAN PIAGET

Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget is recognized for his studies of the mental development of children. Piaget was associated with several universities, and in 1955 he served as director of the International Center for Epistemology in Geneva, Switzerland.

LEV SEMIONIVICH VYGOTSKY

Vygotsky, Lev Semionovich (18961934), Soviet psychologist, whose work on language and linguistic development is based on his supposition that higher cognitive processes are a product of social development. His major works include Thought and Language (1937), Selected Psychological Studies (1956), and Development of the Higher Mental Processes (1960).