Engineer Muzzamil Shaikh Engineer Nabeel Siddiqui Electrical (Telecom) Engineering Sukkur IBA

Wireless LAN
Presentation

The wireless telegraph is not difficult to understand. The ordinary telegraph is like a very long cat. You pull the tail in New York, and it meows in Los Angeles. The wireless is the same, only without the cat.
Albert Einstein (German born American Physicist who developed the special and general theories of relativity. Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921. 1879-1955)

Introduction
IEEE..???
A non-profit professional Org. founded in 1884, now has 415, 989 members in 160 countries IEEE 802.11 family ( 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n)

Wireless LAN
A wireless LAN is a wireless local area network that utilizes radio waves as its carrier. There is Two modes of Wireless LAN
Infrastructure mode Ad Hoc mode

Infrastructure Mode
High power of an access point to cover wide areas A wireless access point (AP) is required for infrastructure mode wireless networking

Ad Hoc Mode
Ad Hoc Mode does not require an access point. Small or temporary network. It is a method for wireless devices to directly communicate with each other.

WLAN Architecture--Mesh
Mesh: Every client
in the network also acts as an access or relay point, creating a self-healing and (in theory) infinitely extensible network.
Not yet in widespread use, unlikely to be in homes.

Comparison
Infrastructure
Expansion
Flexibility Control Routing Coverage Reliability X X X X

Ad hoc

X
X

802.11 Standards
Table shows a summary of the different 802.11 standards, their frequencies, bandwidth, and channel options.
Standard Frequency Data Rates Channel Radio Bandwidth Modulation Techniques

IEEE 802.11 a

5 GHz

54 Mbps

23(24)

20 MHz

OFDM

IEEE 802.11 b

2.4 GHz

11 Mbps

14

22 MHz

DSSS

IEEE 802.11 g

2.4 GHz

54 Mbps

14

20 MHz

OFDM & DSSS

IEEE 802.11 n

2.4 GHz

150 Mbps

11 & 23

20 $ 40 MHZ

OFDM

Applications
Application of the Wireless Technologies

Existing/Developing IEEE 802.11 Standards

802.11802.11a 802.11b 802.11e 802.11f 802.11g 802.11h 802.11i 802.1x 802.15 802.16
Frequency Hopping/DSSS 54Mbps / Hyper LAN (1999) 11Mbps Quality of Service Point 2 Point Roaming (2003) 54Mbps European Inspired Changes (2004) New Encryption Protocols (2004) Port Based Network Access Personal Area Network (WPAN) Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN)

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Antennas
All WLAN equipment comes with a built-in omni -directional antenna, but some select products will let you attach secondary antennas that will significantly boost range.

Antennas, continued
Antennas come in all shapes and styles:
Omni-directional:
Vertical Whip Ceiling mount

Directional:
Yagi Wall mounted panel Parabolic dish

Wi-Fi Network services

Distribution and integration

Association, re-association, and disassociation

Authentication and Deauthentications

Distribution
This service is used by mobile stations in an infrastructure network. It uses to deliver the frame to its destination. Any communication that uses an access point travels through the distribution service.

Integration
Integration is a service provided by the distribution system, it allows the connection of the distribution system to a non-IEEE 802.11 network.

Association
Delivery of frames to mobile stations is made possible because mobile stations register, or associate, with access points.

Reassociations
Reassociations are initiated by mobile stations when signal conditions indicate that a different association would be beneficial.

Disassociation
To terminate an existing association, stations may use the disassociation service.

Authentication
Authentication is a necessary prerequisite to association because only authenticated users are authorized to use the network

Deauthentication
Deauthentication terminates an authenticated relationship. Because authentication is needed before network use is authorized, a side effect of Deauthentication is termination of any current association.

History Leaders
Vic Hayes, who held the chair of IEEE 802.11 for 10 years and has been called the Father of Wi-Fi" was involved in designing the initial 802.11b and 802.11a standards within the IEEE.

Herald Bluetooth

Questions & Comments..??

One Person One Question No arguments Just Question

Resources
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/keywords /wireless.htmlhttp://www.brainyquote.com/quo tes/keywords/wireless.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11

http://compnetworking.about.com/cs/wireless/ f/infrawireless.htm