About Flyers or Brochures and Newsletters

The Five Ws, Wow, and H

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reach us in many ways planned to inform us, to entertain, or to influence our thinking

Mass Communication
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Mass Media
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Eyes, ears, nose, touch, taste

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Eyes, ears, nose, touch, taste

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Name of Presenter Position Department/College (click View>>Master>>Slide Master to edit)

 reach us in many ways planned to inform us, to entertain, or to influence our thinking

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? ? ? ? ? ?

Who Why What When Where How

A = nalyze target readers S = tate objectives S = elect medium U = se the medium

R = equire learner

participation E = valuate output (before & after printing)

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 What is a brochure? a flyer? gives brief info of ideas

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 Why do you need a brochure or a flyer?

announce, inform, or even get response from target readers

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 Who are the target readers?

students? within your school? within the district? household members of the community? co-teachers and school administrators?
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 How to send out the brochures or flyers?

post? house-to-house delivery? stand in a corner? put them near the guard?

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 Why a need for a brochure or a flyer?

to inform only? or to get their active participation in your project?

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 What will be the contents?

size? photos?

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 What is a newsletter?
news = coined from new newsletter = coined from paper (bond paper) size to be used; smaller than the broadsheets and tabloid may be one bond sheet back to back or a two-page spread but bond size when folded (total of 4 pages)
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 What is a newsletter?
info that is current or stories that happened in the recent past or will happen in the near future
(depends on the frequency of the issues)

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Some Kinds of Newspapers

Daily Weekly School Special: usually published by organized groups such as clubs, labor unions, and concerns a limited group or a special situation

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Parts of a Newsletter
masthead: title, ownership, volume and issue no., issue date, logo, address/es banner story: most important story in the front page news articles and features trivia, puzzles announcements editorial box
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Editorial box

Editor Managing Editor Editorial Adviser/Consultant News Writers/Contributors Copyreader Graphics and Layout Designer Circulation Staff Address/es

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Contents of a Newsletter
Project activities news: assemblies, fair,

competitions, dances, and special events Project government news: elections, officers, law enforcement activities Faculty, student, or alumni news: accomplishments, plans, or personal events in the lives of people connected with the project or news; alumni included
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 Educational news: school administrative

announcements and instructional programs related to the project Local news: events that have a direct bearing on the project

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Gathering News
Assignments: instructions to a reporter about a specific news story Beat: place or source which a reporter covers regularly in search of news Cover a story: secure all available facts about an event; reporters should also read up on past reports of an event or research on a persons activities and life before doing an interview
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What Makes News?

People + Action + Reader Interest = News Nearness: proximity of an event Timeliness: event that just happened or will soon happen after the issue comes out Importance: prominence of the person in the news, no. of persons which will be affected by the news or consequences
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Names: of persons Conflict: elections, debates, contests Variety: new, strange, original Human Interest: may be sad or happy events Humor: clever and constructive humor but not demeaning and unkind ones

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Writing the News

Formats: Feature and Hard News - Feature: at times referred to as the Once upon a time formatstyle of fairy tales, fables, and jokes with the important facts or punch line at the end of the story - Hard News: facts are presented direct to the point and are found in the first paragraph
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Hard News Format

Lead - first paragraph - summarizes the story - presents facts in simple, direct language - consists of at least 20-30 words - answers most of the 5 Ws and H

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Building the Lead

Who: name of the person who has done something; if there are several names the number may suffice and actual names may be put in the second paragraph What: the event or happening When: time or date is needed whether the event is past or future

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 Where: place of the event; generally omitted if news is a past event unless the place is important to the news; very important to future events and placed at the end of the lead with the When?. Why and How: inclusion depends on the news; usually a story with an important Why? fact is not likely to have an important How?, and vice versa.

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Sample Hard News Format

1st paragraph The UP National Institute for Science and Mathematics Education Development (UP NISMED) has ventured into using radio to deliver instruction for elementary and secondary school science teachers and the general public with the airing of Titsers Iskul on the Air from August 4 to November 20. The program is a 15-minute segment of DZMMs 3-5 p.m. regular Sunday program Bago Yan Ah!, a science discovery program simulcast over DYAB Cebu and DXAB Davao.

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2nd paragraph Titsers Iskul is a distance education course where(description of the course follows) 3rd paragraph The project is being supported by DZMM(includes funding and cooperating agencies) 4th paragraph Last year, UP NISMED aired Radyo Eskwela(mentions the first radio project)

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 Pyramid of Feature Format

story starts soft facts

more interesting & important

prime facts story ends

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 Pyramid of Hard News Format

story starts prime facts

more interesting & important

soft facts story ends

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Sentence Constructions for Building the Lead: Begin with

a noun or a name

Nouns may be modified with numbers or adjectives; may be a name of a person or organization
a prepositional phrase

In the middle of the Intel Teach to the Future training program, 13 Intel-donated Dell computers experienced memory problems!
a present or past participle

Committed to complete her Unit Portfolio, Ms. Sol Abellar plans to forgo watching the nightly telenobela starting October 16..
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an infinitive

To encourage more enrollees in the course, 15 scholarships will be offered through the assistance of Foundation to Upgrade Science Education, Inc.
a quotation a question a striking statement

Playing games is learning! Dr.Lourdes Carale, Chair of UP NISMEDs Elementary Science Group, demonstrated this in the Public Lecture held October 16.
a conditional clause, e.g., if or unless a concession clause, e.g., although a noun clause, e.g., that a clause of cause, e.g., because

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Adding the WOW in the Lead

Find an item of unusual interest in the story and turn this into your key thought.
The men have done it again! Of the 12 Intel Teach to the Future trainees, four male trainees whose outputs were evaluated as excellent Unit Portfolios will be awarded trips abroad. Rommel Morales from the University of Eastern Philippines, who topped the scores, will be awarded free pretravel and airfare ticket to Intel, U.S.A. The other three male trainees, namely: Johnson Modesto Blanco of Mariano Marcos State University, Freddie Pareo, and Jerome Dalumpines of University of Negros OccidentalRecoletos will be awarded pretravel and airfare tickets to Singapore.
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Headlining a Story
Headlines summarize and advertise a story; tells the story in two or three lines

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How to Write a Headline

Select key words in the lead. Write a brief sentence in telegraphic form using the key words. Rearrange the key words, if necessary. At least eight words in length Divide the sentence into two or three lines.

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 Group words that should be read together, i.e., verb phrases, prepositional phrases, proper names, or adjectives of nouns they modify, e.g.,
- Intel Links with UP NISMED - Summer 2002 Training Programs Welcome Participants

Use two kinds of verbs only.

- present and future - is and are usually dropped; e.g., In-House Seminars Held (In-House Seminars Are Held)

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 Use active voice; passive voice sometimes used if the object has more news value, e.g.,
- Student Body Elects President (active voice) - President Is Chosen by Student Body (passive voice) - President Chosen by Student Body

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 Abbreviations not to be used except for well known initials or acronyms, e.g.,
ROTC, TV, IT, WHO, PTA, UNESCO, etc.

Use numerals if important, e.g.,

Fire Kills 2 Children

Use single quotation marks

Senior Class to Present Noli Me Tangere at Alumni Homecoming

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 A comma may replace and, e.g.,

Trainers, Trainees Visit Intel, U.S.A.

Use short words of one or two syllables; avoid very long words No important words should be repeated, e.g.,

X Intel Trainees to Assemble for Assembly

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 Can use initial caps for words if all caps will not fit text width or area except for conjunctions, articles, and prepositions having less than four words

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Elements of Design
Space: paper size, text matter, text width or area, no. of columns Lines:

Shapes: familiar shapes such as rectangles and circles can hold text matter, photos and graphics together.

can connect visual materials together thick and simple lines include essential parts only

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 Letters:

Color:

sans serif and serif may use all caps for short headings; caps and lower case (clc) for long ones for legibility avoid decorative styles e.g., Intel; INTEL

emphasize a part of the visual unify visual material use complementary colors for background and main visual material for legibility warm vs cool colors

advance

recede

- Limit use of colors for focus and professional appearance

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Color Wheel

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Effective Color Combinations: Background and Images for Displays and Computer Screens
Background white light gray blue light blue light yellow
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Foreground Images and Text dark blue blue, green, black light yellow dark blue, dark green violet, brown

Highlights red, orange red yellow, red red orange red

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 Texture: - emphasizes a part of a visual - unifies visuals; as background - suggests roughness or smoothness of surface - suggests 3-D effect of an object

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Design Principles
Simplicity: modify complex charts and diagrams Unity: place related parts closer together; use lines, frames or backgrounds to connect elements of a visual - rule of thirds Balance: symmetrical or asymmetrical Emphasis

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Layout or Make-up Design

Overall arrangement of textual materials and photos or graphics Follows basic patterns of letters, e.g. U, Z, L, S, O, C. Provide white spaces; dont overcrowd design

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References
Adams, J., & Stratton, K. (1963). Press time: High school journalism. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Heinich, R., Mollenda, M., Russell, J. D., & Smaldino, S. E. (1999). Instructional media and technologies for learning (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice-Hall. Amor, A. J., Icamina, P. M., & Laing, M. (1987). Science writing in Asia: The craft and the issues. Manila: Press Foundation of Asia. Asian Forum of Environmental Journalists, & United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. (1988). Reporting on the environment: A handbook for journalists. Bangkok, Thailand: ESCAP.

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