Linux Ideas and History

Unit-1

Linux Ideas and History

About the founder of LINUX

Linus Benedict Torvalds (born December 28, 1969) began the development of Linux, an operating system kernel, and today acts as the project coordinator. Inspired by Minix (a kernel and operating system developed by Andrew Tanenbaum), he felt the need for a capable UNIX operating system that he could run on his home PC.

Torvalds did the original development of the Linux kernel primarily in his own time and on his equipment.

Linux Ideas and History

Evolution of Linux
Torvalds originally used Minix on his

computer, a simplified kernel written by Andrew Tanenbaum for teaching operating system design.
The Linux system quickly surpassed

Minix in functionality.
The first version of the Linux kernel

was released to the Internet in September 1991. with the second version following shortly thereafter in October

Linux Ideas and History

TUX - the penguin

Penguin is the official mascot of

the Linux operating system.

Tux, is a chubby penguin that

looks content and satisfied.

The concept of the Linux mascot

being a penguin came from Linus Torvalds, the creator of the Linux

kernel.

Linux Ideas and History

GNUs (Not Unix)

The GNU project was started in 1983 for developing a complete Unix-like operating system, including software development tools

and user application programs, entirely of free software.

By the release of the first version of the Linux kernel, the GNU project had produced all the necessary components of this system except the kernel.

Torvalds and other early Linux-kernel developers adapted their kernel to work with the GNU components and user space programs to create a fully functional operating system.

Linux Ideas and History

FEATURES OF LINUX
Open source development model. Supports wide variety of hardware. Supports many networking protocols and configurations Supports more File systems. Linux has a reputation for fewer bugs (programming mistakes) than Windows.

Linux Ideas and History

Linux

Vs

Windows

Open Source Development Model It is not an open source and hence and so the programmer can redesign cannot be redesigned by the the OS. programmer. Linux is robust and secure from virus. very much Windows gets affected by virus very easily.

The Linux servers has surpassed Security is the main issue which windows server operating system in has made windows to think to security. survive. It costs less to design implement a Linux Network. and It costs more to implement Windows Network administration, when compared to Linux.

There are 250000+ developers Compared to Linux, windows is behind Linux for open source developed by few thousands of deployment. people.

Linux Ideas and History

Introduction of Linux
Linux is an operating system, a software program that

controls your computer. Linux kernal is developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991.

Linus was disappointed by the performance of the Minix

kernel and believed that he could do better. He shared his preliminary work with others on Internet newsgroups. Soon,

programmers around the world were working together to

extend and improve his kernel, which he called Linux.
The first Linux kernal was 0.01. Official symbol of Linux is

Penguin and name of this symbol is Tuxedo. Today we

have lots of Linux distribution such as :--

Linux Ideas and History

Red Hat S.u.S.E.

Supported (RHEL) and free (Fedora) Novell Support for native XFS with V8.0+

Turbo Linux
Lindows

US and Japanese
Runs Linux and MS/Windows software

Debian/GNU
Delix Fedora Knoppix

GNU
German Red Hat Fedora (Red Hat's free version) Lightweight. Good for a Linux demo and rescue disk.

Corel Linux
Freenix

Windows like presentation

French version

Linux Ideas and History

Introduction to Red Hat Linux

Red Hat has split its Linux development into two lines :

Red Hat Enterprise Linux and

The Fedora Project.

Red Hat EL features commercial enterprise products for servers and workstations, with controlled releases issued every two years.

The Fedora project is an open source initiative whose Fedora Core release will be issued every six months.

Linux Ideas and History

Linux principles
Everything is a file (including hardware) Small, single-purpose programs Ability to chain programs together to perform complex tasks Avoid captive user interfaces Configuration data stored in text