Kinetic Energy Recovery System (KERS)

Click to edit Submitted By: Master subtitle style Abhijit Pattanayak 8th Semester Mechanical Engg.

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What is kers?

The acronym KERS stands for Kinetic Energy Recovery System. energy recovery systems (KERS) store energy when the vehicle is braking and return it when accelerating. braking, energy is wasted because kinetic energy is mostly converted into heat energy that is dissipated into the environment. with KERS are able to harness some of this kinetic energy and in doing so will assist in braking. 11/27/12

Kinetic

During

Vehicles

KERS Explained
KERS

is a collection of parts which takes some of the kinetic energy of a vehicle under deceleration, stores this energy and then releases this stored energy back into the drive train of the vehicle, providing a power boost to that vehicle. the driver, it is like having two power sources at his disposal, one of the power sources is the engine while the other is the stored kinetic energy.

For

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Basic elements of kers

First,

a way to store and then return energy to the power train and a place to store this energy.

Second,

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Types of kers
There
v v v

are three basic types of KERS systems:

Electronic Electro-Mechanical and; Mechanical

The

main difference between them is in the way they convert the energy and how it is stored within the vehicle.

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Principle of working
A

standard KERS operates by a charge cycle and a boost cycle. As the car slows for a corner, an actuator unit captures the waste kinetic energy from the rear brakes. This collected kinetic energy is then passed to a Central Processing Unit (CPU) and onto the storage unit. The storage unit are positioned centrally to minimize the impact on the balance of the car.

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Working principle

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Electronic kers
In

electronic KERS, braking rotational force is captured by an electric motor / generator unit (MGU) mounted to the engines crankshaft. MGU takes the electrical energy that it converts from kinetic energy and stores it in batteries. The boost button then summons the electrical energy in the batteries to power the MGU. most difficult part in designing electronic KERS is how to store the electrical energy. Most racing systems use a lithium
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This

The

 Batteries

become hot when charging them so many of the KERS cars have more cooling ducts since charging will occur multiple times throughout a race. can also be used to store electrical energy instead of batteries; they run cooler and are debatably more efficient.

Super-capacitors

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Electro-mechanical KERs

In electro-mechanical KERS energy is not stored in batteries or super-capacitors; instead it spins a flywheel to store the energy kinetically. This system is effectively an electro-mechanical battery. Therefore, the flywheel spins very fast to speeds of 50,000 - 160,000 rpm to achieve sufficient energy density. The flywheel in this system is a magnetically loaded composite (MLC). The flywheel remains one piece at these high speeds because it is wound with high strength fibers. The fibers have metal particles embedded in them that allow the flywheel to be magnetized as a permanent magnet. The flywheel will perform similarly to an MGU. As the flywheel spins, it can induce a current in the stator releasing electricity or it can spin like a motor when current flows from the stator.
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This flywheel is used in conjunction with an MGU attached to the gearbox which supplies electrical energy to the flywheel from the road and returns it to the gearbox for acceleration at the touch of a button. Not all flywheels used in the electro-mechanical KERS are permanent magnets. Instead, these systems use two MGUs, one near the flywheel and another at the gearbox. Some systems use flywheels and batteries together to store 11/27/12

Mechanical KERS
The

mechanical KERS system has a flywheel as the energy storage device but it does away with MGUs by replacing them with a transmission to control and transfer the energy to and from the driveline. kinetic energy of the vehicle ends up as kinetic energy of a rotating flywheel through the use of shafts and gears. electronic storage prevents energy from one energy conversion KERS, this method of the need to transform type to another. Each in electronic KERS brings
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The

Unlike

Use in formula one

KERS

was introduced by the Fdration Intrnationale de lAutomobile (FIA) with a view to increase overtaking during formula one races, as the boost button provides extra power. In effect, the KERS has also been used to act as a defensive tool to

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Advantages n features
This technology allows a range of unmatched features :

High power capability Light weight and small size Long system life Completely safe A truly green solution High efficiency storage and recovery Low parasitic losses
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Reference
Wikipedia autosport.com saeindia.org Cross,

Douglas. "Optimization of Hybrid Kinetic Energy Recovery Systems (KERS) for Different Racing Circuits." SAE Digital Library. SAE International. Web. 25 Sept. 2009. Aldo, and Massimiliano Curto. "Racing Simulation of a Formula 1 Vehicle with Kinetic Energy Recovery System." SAE
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Sorniotti,

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