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by Bart Quimby, P.E., Ph.D UAA School of Engineering CE 434 - Timber Design
Another View
In this direction, the diaphragm is considered to be ONE diaphragm. The shear wall on Grid B does not contribute.
Diaphragm Deflections
SDPWS 4.2.2 Must account deformation from:
Bending Shear Fasteners Chord Splice Slip
Applied Technology Council Guidelines for the Design of Horizontal Wood Diaphragms, 1981
Drag Struts
Getting the Diaphragm Shear into the Shear walls
Drag struts are axial force members that collect the horizontal diaphragm shears and redistribute them to the shear walls. Drag struts are PARALLEL to the direction of force. Need to draw an AXIAL FORCE DIAGRAM in order to compute the force a drag strut. The member used for the drag strut is often used as a diaphragm chord when the direction of force changes to the other principle direction.
Unit shears (on each side) seen by the drag strut equal the total shear force being transferred divided by the length (on each side) attached to the drag strut.
The AXIAL FORCE DIAGRAM show the axial force as a function of the length of the member. Note that the same member is a chord when the direction of force changes. Must also handle chord forces.
L Shaped Diaphragms
Subdivide into diaphragms according to shear wall locations.
Subdivided Diaphragm, 1
Along Grid B, Shears are inversely proportional to the length of the drag strut. Boundary nailing along the strut can be two rows, one for each dia. or one row capable of handling the sum of the diaphragm shears.
Subdivided Diaphragm, 2
Note that there are different diaphragms in each direction.
Vertical Offsets
Applied Technology Council Guidelines for the Design of Horizontal Wood Diaphragms, 1981
Chord Extensions
Chord Force varies with depth. Extensions must be designed to anchor the chord into the diaphragm. Length of chord extension affects shear force in diaphragm. Diaphragm shear due to extension = Chord force/length of extension.
Other Direction
Consider each leg as a cantilever beam in order to determine the moment and resulting chord force. Anchor the chord into the diaphragm as previously described.
Irregular Examples
Applied Technology Council Guidelines for the Design of Horizontal Wood Diaphragms, 1981
Openings In Diaphragms
Applied Technology Council Guidelines for the Design of Horizontal Wood Diaphragms, 1981