By KAVURI NAGA RAJU Emp No.

- 122779 SMS-II Conv (O)

Utilities Plant Oxygen

RMHP
CRMP SSD

Ore Lime Scrap Hot Metal LD Gas

BF
Power Plant

Power

Liquid Steel
LD Slag

Water System

Water

Utilities Plant

BOF
Ar , N2 Ferro Alloys
22

Delivers Oxygen at a supersonic jet of velocity into the converter Made of three concentric Pipes of steel
Innermost
Middle Outermost

Oxygen (99.9 % purity) Inlet Water Outlet Water

Mach Number can be as high as 2.5

Three possible ways of interaction :

1.

Reaction with dissolved solutes , etc. directly.

2.

Reaction with Fe first to form FeO, which subsequently reacts with dissolved solutes (Dominant Reaction).
Dissolution of gaseous oxygen into liquid iron as atomic oxygen.

3.

Reactions :
Stage 1 Fe + O = FeO
FeO + (Si, Mn) = Fe + ( SiO2 + MnO ) Stage 2 Feo + P = Fe + P2O5 FeO + C = Fe + CO

Number of hoists Length of the lance Lance diameter Lifting speed range v Emergency lift speed vem Number of Nozzle Blowing Angle

2 20.9 m 324 mm 0...31 m/min 6.13 m/min 6 17.5

There are 15 ( H1 to H15 )Positions for oxygen lance in SMS 2 Some important Positions :

Pneumatic limit switch position(H2) When Electric Power Fails.

Lance fixing clamp position (H4) Lance will be mechanically fixed by the latching device and any lowering is prevented unless it is manually unlocked.

Lance Stand by Position (H5) For Exchange of the lance ( Standby to operation mode). Home Position (H6) Normal Parking Position for the lance. Lance Converter interlocking position (H9) lance positioning at or below H9, Converter Cannot be tilted. (interlock)

Open oxygen valve position (H10) Ensures flow of oxygen only within the converter vessel Oxygen close Position (H11) During lifting at this position oxygen valve will be closed.

Oxygen Flow Rates ( At 18 Bar ) Max. 600 Nm3/min

Norm. 550 Nm3/min Min.

60 Nm3/min

Nitrogen Flow Rates (For Slag Splasing) ( 17 18 Bar)

Max.

533 Nm3/min Norm. 500 Nm3/min Min. 60 Nm3/min

High Lance Practice

High Iron Content in Slag Low C Removal at EOB Early Fluid slag Formation Moderate P Removal due to Slopping Slag Slopping

Low Lance Practice

Low Iron(FeO) Content in Slag Call it as a Dry blow High C Removal, Low at EOB Late Fluid slag Formation Poor P Removal Metal Spitting

Lance tip puncture

Forged copper tip Gives better thermal conductivity than casted copper tip. ( As it is requried to keep the lance body temperature as low as possible to protect from mechanical erosion).

Skulling
One way to achieve a long tip life is to protect it by a fluid slag layer in order to protect it from any steel adherence.

Slopping
The Height of the lance should be optimum dependind upon the slag condition , neither slag should be more fluid nor dry.

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