Rape Issue

By Tan Wan Ting

Defination Of Rape

A type of sexual assault usually involving sexual intercourse, which is initiated by one or more persons against another person without that person's consent. The act may be carried out by physical force, coercion, abuse of authority or with a person who is incapable of valid consent, such as a person who is unconscious or incapacitated.

Groth Typology

Nicholas Groth has described three types of rape, based on the goal of the rapist.

Anger rapist The aim of this rapist is to humiliate, debase and hurt their victim; they express their contempt for their victim through physical violence and profane language.

Power rapist Rape becomes a way to compensate for their underlying feelings of inadequacy and feeds their issues of mastery, control, strength, authority and capability. The intent of the power rapist is to assert their competency.

Sadistic rapist For this rapist, sexual excitement is associated with the inflicting of pain upon his victim. Sadistic rape usually involves extensive, prolonged torture and restraint.

Spousal rape Gang rape

Rape of children

Date rape

Statutory rape Types of rape

Corrective rape Rape by deception War rape

Prison rape

Individual factors

Causes of sexual violence

Peer and family factors

Societal factors

Individual factors

Alcohol and drug consumption Psychological factors Research on convicted rapists

Peer and family factors

Early childhood environments Family honour and sexual purity

Societal factors

Poverty Physical and social environment Laws and policies Social norms Global trends and economic factors Disasters and lack of infrastructure Feminist theories of male-female rape Rape culture The way males are socialized and sexual scripts The sex industry and rape

Effects Of Rape
Physical Effects Physical effects of rape can arise from both forced sexual assault and those not involving forcible submission, such as drug assisted date rape. Forced sexual assault frequently causes visible bruising or bleeding in and around the vaginal or anal area and bruises on other parts of the body from coercive violence.

Psychological Effects

Victims experience both short and long-term psychological effects of rape. One of the most common psychological consequences of rape is self-blame. Victims use self-blame as an avoidance-based coping tool. Self-blame slows or, in many cases, stops the healing process.

Physical Effect

Emotional And Psychological Effects Of Rape

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) feelings of severe anxiety and stress Depression Flashbacks memories of rape as if it is taking place again Borderline personality disorder Sleep disorders Eating disorders Dissociative identity disorder Guilt Distrust of others uneasy in everyday social situations Anger Feelings of personal powerlessness victims feel the rapist robbed them of control over their bodies

Painful intercourse (with significant other) Urinary infections Uterine fibroids noncancerous tumors in muscle wall Pregnancy Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) HIV, genital warts, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and others