Introduction to UNIX

DAY -1

OPERATING SYSTEM
What Is an Operating System ?

Computer hardware & software are so complex that every computer requires a program to manage its resources.
The program is known as Operating System.

A list of instructions for the computer to follow is called as a program.

DEFINITION:-

Operating System is a collection of programs that coordinates the operation of computer hardware and software.

What it does?
What does an Operating System Do?
To manage the computers hardware resources effectively To make it easy for you to use the computer system.

To manage how programs are run, how data is stored & so on.
Examples: UNIX (Solaris one of the Flavor) , Linux,Windows NT,95/98/2000, DOS

History of UNIX

History of UNIX
What is Unix ? Unix is an Operating System a program, which operates the computers on your behalf.
UNIX stands for UNiplexed Information and Computing System. (It was originally spelled "UNICS.")

UNIX origin is MULTICS Multiplexed Information & Computing Service Invented in 1969 by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie @ Bell Labs, the research arm of AT & T Originally written in assembly language UNIX is written in 80 percent of C language and 20 percent assembly language.

Features of UNIX
Multitasking Multi-User Portable Security High Availability Strong Cluster support

UNIX Architecture

Unix Architecture

User

Shells
Kernel

Hardware

C Shell

Borne Shell

Korn Shell

SHELL
Definition:
Shell is the interface between the user and the kernel. Services provided by the shell It interprets all the commands to the kernel The kernel after processing the commands gives back to the shell.

KERNEL
Definition: A set of functions that make up an OS, used to provide an application interface between programs and physical devices. Services provided by the kernel

controlling execution of processes.

scheduling processes fairly for execution on the cpu. allocating memory for an executing process.

Flavors of UNIX

Flavors of UNIX
VENDOR SCO IBM O.S SCO-UNIX AIX

UNIX + HP
SGI

HP-UX IRIX

SUN
Open Source

Solaris
LINUX

System Administration

System Administration
System administration is the job of managing, maintaining and operating a computer or a network of computers. System administrator usually install new services maintain existing ones intervene whenever environmental or human factors interface with normal operations

Essential tasks
The task of a system administrator are varied and diverse.
adding and removing users, adding and removing hardware, performing backups installing new software monitoring the system maintaining hardware maintaining documentation monitoring security helping users