1

Position Sensing

Proximity Switches Proximity Switches

disadvantages of mechanical disadvantages of mechanical limit switches limit switches

require switching forces and contact require switching forces and contact small switching frequencies small switching frequencies angles and approaches must be calculated angles and approaches must be calculated switch point drift due to wear and tear switch point drift due to wear and tear life depends on the number of switching life depends on the number of switching operations operations

Proximity Switches Proximity Switches

types of mechanical limit switches types of mechanical limit switches

Advantages of Electronic Sensors Advantages of Electronic Sensors

Mechanical Switch Mechanical Switch
switching force needed for switching force needed for operation operation low switching frequency low switching frequency wear and tear of moving wear and tear of moving parts parts angle of approach and angle of approach and travel must be calculated travel must be calculated limited life span limited life span sensitive to moisture and sensitive to moisture and dust dust

Electronic Sensor Electronic Sensor

short response and short response and switching delays switching delays high switching frequency high switching frequency no wear and tear no wear and tear calculation of the angle of calculation of the angle of approach and travel is not approach and travel is not necessary necessary good repeatability good repeatability insensitive to moisture and insensitive to moisture and dust dust
5

Proximity Sensors Proximity Sensors

3 types of sensors are there in this group : 3 types of sensors are there in this group :inductive for sensing metal targets inductive for sensing metal targets capacitive for sensing metal & non-metal targets capacitive for sensing metal & non-metal targets magnetic for sensing magnetic targets magnetic for sensing magnetic targets

Proximity Sensors Proximity Sensors

proximity sensors convert the approach of proximity sensors convert the approach of objects within its sensing range into objects within its sensing range into switching signals without contact switching signals without contact

Inductive Principle Inductive Principle

current passed through a coil induces current passed through a coil induces an electromagnetic field an electromagnetic field a ferrite core is used to `direct` this a ferrite core is used to `direct` this electromagnetic field electromagnetic field

this is then stored in a housing to this is then stored in a housing to form an inductive sensor form an inductive sensor
8

Inductive Principle Inductive Principle

cross section showing the cross section showing the electromagnetic field of an electromagnetic field of an inductive sensor inductive sensor

Capacitive Sensor Capacitive Sensor

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Capacitive Principle Capacitive Principle

cross section showing cross section showing the capacitance field of the capacitance field of a capacitive sensor. a capacitive sensor.

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Switching Output Switching Output

+U
B

two wire (AC/DC) two wire (AC/DC)

lo a d 0V

two wire technology

+U B

three wire (DC) three wire (DC)

load 0V p-switching
load

n-switching

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Wiring diagram - series Wiring diagram - series

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Wiring diagram - parallel Wiring diagram - parallel

14

PROBLEM!!! PROBLEM!!!
because of this, 4 different types of sensors because of this, 4 different types of sensors stock are required in a plant stock are required in a plant
PNP normally open PNP normally open PNP normally close PNP normally close NPN normally open NPN normally open NPN normally close NPN normally close

but wait.. but wait..

15

solution
four output functions with only two wires! four output functions with only two wires!
N.O. // N.C. pnp N.O. N.C. pnp N.O. // N.C. npn N.O. N.C. npn

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Installation Installation
Setup LED Setup LED

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Installation Installation

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Connections Connections
sensors are available with 3 types of sensors are available with 3 types of connections connections
potted cable potted cable plug and socket

terminal

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Operating Voltage Operating Voltage

DC voltage :: 10 36 Volts DC voltage 10 36 Volts AC voltage :: 20 250 Volts AC voltage 20 250 Volts AC/DC Voltage :: 20 250 Volts AC/DC Voltage 20 250 Volts Normal operating temperature range of Normal operating temperature range of -25C ~ 80C -25C ~ 80C
special units available (eg. 55VDC for quadronorm) special units available (eg. 55VDC for quadronorm) (high temperature 0 100C) (high temperature 0 100C)

20

Protection Rating Protection Rating

IP 0 1 unprotected protected against solid bodies larger than 50mm protected against solid bodies larger than 12mm protected against solid bodies larger than 2.5mm protected against solid bodies larger than 1mm dust protected dust tight Defination IP 0 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 unprotected protected against dripping water (condensation) protected against dripping water when tilted up to 15 protected against spraying water when tilted up to 60 protected against splashing water from any direction protected against water jets protected against heavy seas protected against immersion protected against submersion Defination

2 nd numeral

1 st numeral

4 5 6

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Correction Factor Correction Factor

sensing range of proximity sensors sensing range of proximity sensors depends on the size, thickness and depends on the size, thickness and material of the target material of the target sensing range will be reduced by a sensing range will be reduced by a correction factor if the size of the target correction factor if the size of the target is small or of a different material other is small or of a different material other than mild steel than mild steel
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Material Correction Factor Material Correction Factor

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Material Correction Factor Solution Material Correction Factor Solution

k=1 sensors k=1 sensors
all types of metal is sensed by the sensor at all types of metal is sensed by the sensor at the specified nominal sensing range the specified nominal sensing range

24

IMC Cube Sensor IMC Cube Sensor

5 positions sensing face 5 positions sensing face

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Weld Immune Weld Immune

for safe operation near welding machines for safe operation near welding machines silicon free and teflon coated to protect silicon free and teflon coated to protect against weld spatter against weld spatter

26

Magnetic Switch Magnetic Switch

utilises the non-contact sensing principle utilises the non-contact sensing principle similar to the inductive switch similar to the inductive switch can only sense magnetic targets can only sense magnetic targets can sense through non-magnetised materials can sense through non-magnetised materials (e.g. Aluminium) (e.g. Aluminium) usually used to sense the position on the usually used to sense the position on the piston in a pump piston in a pump
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Magnetic Switch Magnetic Switch

actuating area magnetic cylinder sensor

ring magnet cylinder tube made of non-magnetic material

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Namur Namur
for applications in for applications in hazardous areas hazardous areas only the oscillating circuit only the oscillating circuit is in the sensor is in the sensor (EEx ia IIC T6) (EEx ia IIC T6) requires intrinsically safe requires intrinsically safe power supply and power supply and evaluation electronics in evaluation electronics in the (EEx-i) amplifier the (EEx-i) amplifier
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Special Units Special Units

unipolar unipolar
two black wires two black wires polarity would not be of a concern polarity would not be of a concern

analogue output analogue output

7 ~ 10 V DC 7 ~ 10 V DC

high temperature high temperature

ambient temperature of up to 100C ambient temperature of up to 100C
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Application s
31

Position Sensing Position Sensing

inductive sensors inductive sensors detect the presence detect the presence of metal caps on the of metal caps on the bottles bottles Simultaneously used Simultaneously used to count the number to count the number of bottles in a crate of bottles in a crate

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Position Sensing Position Sensing

inductive sensor inductive sensor detects the opendetects the openclose positions of close positions of the valve the valve

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Position Sensing Position Sensing

capacitive sensor capacitive sensor monitors the monitors the overflow of grain in overflow of grain in a tank a tank

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Position Sensing Position Sensing

capacitive sensors can also be used for the capacitive sensors can also be used for the detection of glass panels on a conveyor detection of glass panels on a conveyor
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Position Sensing Position Sensing

capacitive sensor used to count the number capacitive sensor used to count the number of paper boxes of paper boxes
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Position Sensing Position Sensing

inductive sensor inductive sensor connected to a connected to a counter for counting counter for counting the number of the number of bottles in a bottles in a production line production line

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Position Sensing Position Sensing

with the increasingly use with the increasingly use of plastic and wooden of plastic and wooden pallets, the capacitive pallets, the capacitive sensor is one of the sensor is one of the most common sensors most common sensors used in palletising and used in palletising and depalletising equipment depalletising equipment

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Position Sensing Position Sensing

magnetic cylinder switch used to sense the position of magnetic cylinder switch used to sense the position of the piston the piston
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Position Sensing Position Sensing

larger sensors larger sensors have a longer have a longer sending range sending range and can be and can be mounted further mounted further away to prevent away to prevent mechanical mechanical damage damage

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Position Sensing Position Sensing

Sensor detects the Sensor detects the position of a carrier position of a carrier on the conveyor line on the conveyor line

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Position Sensing Position Sensing

inductive sensor inductive sensor monitors the monitors the buckets in a upward buckets in a upward conveyor system conveyor system

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Position Sensing Position Sensing

in the automotive in the automotive industry, the sensor industry, the sensor monitors the position monitors the position on a conveyor line on a conveyor line

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Position Sensing Position Sensing

with the high IP with the high IP rating, the inductive rating, the inductive sensors can be sensors can be used in wet used in wet environments environments (e.g. Carwash) (e.g. Carwash)

44

Product Sensing Product Sensing

capacitive sensors are capacitive sensors are amazingly effective at amazingly effective at detecting a sealed detecting a sealed package to ensure it package to ensure it contains the product contains the product

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Product Sensing Product Sensing

capacitive sensors are capacitive sensors are used here to sense the used here to sense the contents of the wooden contents of the wooden crates crates

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Introduction Introduction
Why use photoelectric sensors? Why use photoelectric sensors?

47

Photoelectric Switches Photoelectric Switches

There are 3 types of photoelectric sensors There are 3 types of photoelectric sensors
through beam sensors through beam sensors

retro-reflective sensors retro-reflective sensors

diffuse-reflective sensors diffuse-reflective sensors

48

Photoelectric Switches Photoelectric Switches

fibre-optic sensors fibre-optic sensors

infrared heat sensors infrared heat sensors

colour sensors colour sensors

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Through Beam Through Beam

longest range in the product group longest range in the product group precise switching point along the axis precise switching point along the axis 2 separate units are needed 2 separate units are needed reflective surface does not impair the safe reflective surface does not impair the safe operation of these sensors operation of these sensors can be used to detect certain transparent can be used to detect certain transparent objects through sensitivity adjustment objects through sensitivity adjustment

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Through Beam Through Beam

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Retro Reflective Retro Reflective

both transmitter and receiver are in one unit both transmitter and receiver are in one unit utilises a prismatic reflector utilises a prismatic reflector reduces mounting and installation time reduces mounting and installation time medium sensing range medium sensing range
approx half of the through beam sensors approx half of the through beam sensors

can safely detect reflective object with the use can safely detect reflective object with the use of a polarization filter of a polarization filter
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Retro Reflective Retro Reflective

53

PROBLEM !!! PROBLEM !!!

sensor will think that no object is present sensor will think that no object is present shiny object acts as the reflector (tin cans) shiny object acts as the reflector (tin cans)
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solution solution polarization filter polarization filter

55

Polarization Filter Polarization Filter

56

Reflectors Reflectors
Retro-reflective Sensors are available with a Retro-reflective Sensors are available with a wide range of prismatic reflectors wide range of prismatic reflectors

57

Reflectors Reflectors
principle behind the reflectors principle behind the reflectors

58

Prismatic Reflector Prismatic Reflector

59

Tape Reflector Tape Reflector

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Diffuse Reflective Diffuse Reflective

direct sensing of targets direct sensing of targets good detection of transparent targets good detection of transparent targets shortest sensing distance shortest sensing distance sensing distance is dependent of the sensing distance is dependent of the reflective quality of the targets reflective quality of the targets no reflector needed no reflector needed
61

Diffuse Reflective Diffuse Reflective

62

Diffuse Reflective Diffuse Reflective

sensing range is dependent on the colour of the target sensing range is dependent on the colour of the target
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Diffuse Reflective Diffuse Reflective

background suppression background suppression
diffuse reflective sensors with background diffuse reflective sensors with background suppression limit the range to adjustable, suppression limit the range to adjustable, geometrically defined areas geometrically defined areas objects within the range are detected largely objects within the range are detected largely independent of their reflective characteristics, but independent of their reflective characteristics, but only on the setting range only on the setting range
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Diffuse Reflective Diffuse Reflective

units with background suppression can optically units with background suppression can optically suppress interfering elements behind the targets to suppress interfering elements behind the targets to be sensed (e.g. machine parts) be sensed (e.g. machine parts)
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Fibre Optics Fibre Optics

useful where space is a constraint or high useful where space is a constraint or high temperatures temperatures can be used for observing quality related can be used for observing quality related features such as thread pitch on screws features such as thread pitch on screws only one amplifier is needed, even for through only one amplifier is needed, even for through beam beam
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Fibre Optics Fibre Optics

principle of fibre optics principle of fibre optics

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Fibre Optics Fibre Optics

for high ambient temperatures (+290C) for high ambient temperatures (+290C) armoured fibre optics are used armoured fibre optics are used an additional silicone sheath is added for hot an additional silicone sheath is added for hot and wet applications and wet applications

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Infrared Heat Infrared Heat

for monitoring process temperatures without for monitoring process temperatures without contact contact heat radiation from objects is converted into heat radiation from objects is converted into a switching signal a switching signal radiation does not need a conducting media radiation does not need a conducting media such as water or air such as water or air fibre optics models are available too fibre optics models are available too
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Infrared Heat Infrared Heat

Selection of units Selection of units

70

Infrared Heat Infrared Heat

Selection of units Selection of units

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Switching Outputs Switching Outputs

Light-on switching Light-on switching
output is switched only when the beam is output is switched only when the beam is recognised by the receiver recognised by the receiver

Dark-on switching Dark-on switching

output is switched only when the beam is output is switched only when the beam is interrupted and not recognised by the receiver interrupted and not recognised by the receiver

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Special Units
OG OL
73

Colour Colour
solid metal housing solid metal housing used for non-contact detection, sorting and used for non-contact detection, sorting and monitoring of opaque and transparent objects monitoring of opaque and transparent objects choice of one or three switching outputs choice of one or three switching outputs simple teach-in function simple teach-in function
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Colour Colour

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Glass and Film Detection Glass and Film Detection

type OCPG type OCPG retro-reflective retro-reflective programmable programmable output output NPN + PNP NPN + PNP
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Miniature photoelectric sensor Miniature photoelectric sensor

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 Dimensions: Dimensions:
24 x 34.5 x 11 mm 24 x 34.5 x 11 mm

Two optical versions: Two optical versions:

Front lens & side lens Front lens & side lens

Innovative mounting: Innovative mounting:

Snap-on fixing Snap-on fixing
24
11

24

11

34,5

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Dead Zone!! Dead Zone!!

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Autocollimation Principle Autocollimation Principle

Advantages: Advantages:
Only one lense Only one lense Zero distance between optical axes of transmitter and receiver Zero distance between optical axes of transmitter and receiver No minimum distance between sensor and reflector No minimum distance between sensor and reflector
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Ranges Ranges
Diffuse reflective Diffuse reflective
Infrared Infrared Red light Red light --1000 mm 1000 mm 600 mm 600 mm

Retro reflective Retro reflective

Red light Red light Laser Laser --2000 mm 2000 mm 5000 mm 5000 mm

Through beam Through beam

Red light Red light Laser Laser --10000 mm 10000 mm 15000 mm 15000 mm
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Advantages Advantages
Fast 8-bit microprocesser Fast 8-bit microprocesser
(Switching Frequency of up to 2KHz) (Switching Frequency of up to 2KHz)

Resistant to the common cleaning agents and Resistant to the common cleaning agents and procedures in the food industry procedures in the food industry Have a protection rating of IP68. Have a protection rating of IP68. Setting by push button Setting by push button
Sensitivity, programming light/dark Sensitivity, programming light/dark

Remote setting via 4th wire Remote setting via 4th wire
Sensitivity, programming light/dark and electronic lock Sensitivity, programming light/dark and electronic lock

3 LEDs 3 LEDs
Power, output, function check Power, output, function check
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Mounting Solutions Mounting Solutions

83

Applicatio ns
84

Applications Applications
through beam through beam sensors monitors sensors monitors the position of the the position of the car body in a spray car body in a spray booth booth

85

Applications Applications
infrared heat infrared heat sensor monitors sensor monitors the temperature of the temperature of containers before containers before they are used they are used down the process down the process line line

86

Applications Applications
infrared heat infrared heat sensor monitors sensor monitors the manufacturing the manufacturing of glass bulbs of glass bulbs

87

Applications Applications
detects page detects page break in an break in an automatic cutter automatic cutter

88

Applications Applications
monitors the monitors the material infeed, material infeed, thus switching on thus switching on the saw only the saw only when the wood is when the wood is present present

89

Applications Applications

fibre optics are ideal for detection of very fibre optics are ideal for detection of very small components small components they can even detect contact pins on they can even detect contact pins on semiconductors semiconductors
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Applications Applications
armoured fibre armoured fibre optic cables optic cables can be used in can be used in environments environments where ambient where ambient temperature temperature rise up to rise up to 290C 290C

91

Applications Applications
used to detect used to detect cardboards cardboards along a along a conveyor line conveyor line

92

Applications Applications
monitors breaks in monitors breaks in a wire a wire manufacturing manufacturing process process armoured fibre armoured fibre optics can be used optics can be used in environments in environments where temperature where temperature rise up to 290C rise up to 290C

93

Applications Applications
sag and edge sag and edge monitoring by monitoring by means of through means of through beam and diffuse beam and diffuse reflection sensors reflection sensors

94

Applications Applications
infrared heat sensor infrared heat sensor monitors flames at monitors flames at waste gas burners waste gas burners if the flame is if the flame is extinguished, a extinguished, a warning signal is warning signal is given given

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Applications Applications
checks and checks and counts the counts the number of caps number of caps in a vibratory in a vibratory feeder feeder

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Encoders Encoders
what is an encoder? what is an encoder?
device that is used to convert shaft rotation or device that is used to convert shaft rotation or distance into a series of output pulses or codes to distance into a series of output pulses or codes to be read by a controlling device be read by a controlling device

how to choose an encoder? how to choose an encoder?

depends on the depends on the shaft (hollow/solid) shaft (hollow/solid) purpose purpose incremental or absolute incremental or absolute precision // resolution precision resolution
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Encoders Encoders

98

Incremental Encoders Incremental Encoders

most basic most basic consists of a slotted disk consists of a slotted disk generates a specific number of generates a specific number of pulses per revolution pulses per revolution pulses = resolution pulses = resolution available in 5V or available in 5V or 10-30V output 10-30V output

99

Incremental Encoders Incremental Encoders

resolutions of up to 20,000 per revolution resolutions of up to 20,000 per revolution

low resolution

high resolution
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Incremental Encoders Incremental Encoders

101

Mounting Mounting
it is recommended to it is recommended to mount the encoder on an mount the encoder on an angle flange and resilient angle flange and resilient base when used in base when used in conjunction with a rack conjunction with a rack and pinion and pinion this is to prevent excess this is to prevent excess mechanical strain to the mechanical strain to the encoder encoder

102

Mounting Mounting

when an encoder with a measuring wheel measures when an encoder with a measuring wheel measures linear distance, ifm recommends using an arm. linear distance, ifm recommends using an arm.
103

Applications Applications

individual positions and travel of an automatic individual positions and travel of an automatic processing system are detected by incremental processing system are detected by incremental encoders encoders
104

Applications Applications

incremental encoder used with a counter on an incremental encoder used with a counter on an automatic cutter automatic cutter
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Absolute Encoders Absolute Encoders

multiple outputs which are coded in parallel to multiple outputs which are coded in parallel to represent rotation angle in the shaft represent rotation angle in the shaft resolution is not so much determined by the resolution is not so much determined by the number of slots in the disk but the number of number of slots in the disk but the number of rows rows

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Absolute Encoders Absolute Encoders

single-turn

multi-turn
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Absolute Encoders Absolute Encoders

multi-turn units not only detect angular multi-turn units not only detect angular position, but distinguish between several position, but distinguish between several revolutions revolutions resolution of 8192 steps (optically) x 4096 resolution of 8192 steps (optically) x 4096 revolutions (magnetically) revolutions (magnetically) utilises digital magnetic scanning for the utilises digital magnetic scanning for the revolution measurement revolution measurement
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Absolute Encoders Absolute Encoders

these magnetic these magnetic graduations are graduations are picked up using picked up using Hall sensors Hall sensors

designed for scanning speeds of up to designed for scanning speeds of up to 12000rpm! 12000rpm!
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Solid // Hollow Shaft Solid Hollow Shaft

solid shaft encoder

hollow shaft encoder

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Mounting Mounting

111

Mounting Mounting

112

Fieldbus Interface Encoder Fieldbus Interface Encoder

"bus cap" "b flange design RU, RV

bayonet joint

cable gland
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Customers Benefit Customers Benefit

Flexibility Flexibility counting direction counting direction zero point setting zero point setting Programming features Programming features resolution resolution preset value preset value offset value offset value limit switch functions limit switch functions running indication running indication Diagnostic features Diagnostic features alarms & warnings alarms & warnings operating status operating status LED indication LED indication Easy to set up Easy to set up easy mounting easy mounting programming via programming via hardware on site hardware on site easy configuration easy configuration quick wiring quick wiring
114

Applications Applications

absolute encoders control the precise movements of absolute encoders control the precise movements of industrial robots and automatic handling systems industrial robots and automatic handling systems
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Applications Applications
multi-turn encoders multi-turn encoders measure the travel of a measure the travel of a stacking system in an stacking system in an automatic warehouse automatic warehouse and transmit this and transmit this information to the PLC information to the PLC this position values are this position values are retained even in the retained even in the case of a power failure case of a power failure

116

pulse evaluation systems pulse evaluation systems FR monitor FR monitor

frequency, rotational speed, cycles frequency, rotational speed, cycles

FS monitor FS monitor
slip-synchronous running, rotational speed slip-synchronous running, rotational speed

FD monitor FD monitor
direction, rotational speed direction, rotational speed
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 simple handling by means of push-buttons and LCD simple handling by means of push-buttons and LCD display display presetting of all parameters off-line presetting of all parameters off-line test function to check the selected parameter functions test function to check the selected parameter functions

118

 input circuits for npn, pnp and Namur input circuits for npn, pnp and Namur 6 different evaluation functions suitable for the most 6 different evaluation functions suitable for the most common applications common applications

monitoring range of monitoring range of

0.1 ~ 1,000 Hz 0.1 ~ 1,000 Hz 1 ~ 60,000 impulses per minute 1 ~ 60,000 impulses per minute

119

 for rotational speed monitoring, speed and cycles for rotational speed monitoring, speed and cycles the advantage of two independent switchpoints the advantage of two independent switchpoints simultaneous rotational speed signal with scaleable 4 simultaneous rotational speed signal with scaleable 4 to 20mA analogue output to 20mA analogue output 7 digit, 14 segment LED display 7 digit, 14 segment LED display real rotational speed indication by programmable real rotational speed indication by programmable number of cams number of cams
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 for rotational speed monitoring, two in one for rotational speed monitoring, two in one capacity for two independent rotational speeds in one capacity for two independent rotational speeds in one unit unit one switchpoint, one output per system one switchpoint, one output per system 7 digit, 14 segment LED display 7 digit, 14 segment LED display real rotational speed indication by programmable real rotational speed indication by programmable number of cams number of cams
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 fault monitoring fault monitoring

overspeed overspeed underspeed underspeed

operational status operational status

maximum speed maximum speed minimum speed minimum speed

monitoring frequency monitoring frequency ranges by means of ranges by means of the window function the window function
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 monitor slip between two rotational movements or monitor slip between two rotational movements or synchronous running between two linear movements synchronous running between two linear movements programmable set value (slip in percentage) programmable set value (slip in percentage) combined slip and speed monitor (drive speed) combined slip and speed monitor (drive speed) error caused by slip during the start-up phase can be error caused by slip during the start-up phase can be ignored using the start-up delay time ignored using the start-up delay time

123

 fault monitoring fault monitoring

slip slip overspeed overspeed underspeed underspeed

operational status operational status

synchronous running synchronous running maximum speed maximum speed minimum speed minimum speed

124

 combined direction and speed monitor combined direction and speed monitor monitoring of rotational or linear direction monitoring of rotational or linear direction one relay output for direction one relay output for direction single speed monitor function like FR-1 with separate single speed monitor function like FR-1 with separate relay output relay output simple standstill monitor by using the cycle time simple standstill monitor by using the cycle time

125

 direction monitor with two independent outputs direction monitor with two independent outputs one relay output for left one relay output for left one relay output for right one relay output for right different switching functions for start up conditions different switching functions for start up conditions simple standstill monitoring by using the cycle time simple standstill monitoring by using the cycle time

126

fault monitoring fault monitoring

wrong direction wrong direction cycle time exceeded cycle time exceeded

operational status operational status

direction right direction right direction left direction left maximum speed(FD-1) maximum speed(FD-1) minimum speed(FD-1) minimum speed(FD-1)

127

Application Application
monitoring of monitoring of screw conveyors screw conveyors and conveyor and conveyor belts for belts for underspeed and underspeed and standstill standstill

128

Application Application

monitoring maximum rotational speed of rotors in wind monitoring maximum rotational speed of rotors in wind power plants with regards to overspeed power plants with regards to overspeed
129

Application Application
monitoring bucket monitoring bucket conveyors with regard conveyors with regard to underspeed or to underspeed or blocking in case of blocking in case of overload or belt slip overload or belt slip between top(drive) and between top(drive) and bottom(slave) roller bottom(slave) roller

130

Application Application
inductive sensor used as inductive sensor used as a pulse pick-up to a pulse pick-up to monitor speed monitor speed the pulses are evaluated the pulses are evaluated in the FR monitor in the FR monitor

131

Application Application
monitoring standstill by monitoring standstill by means of an inductive means of an inductive sensor and the FR monitor sensor and the FR monitor

132

Application Application
monitoring speed monitoring speed at a conveyor at a conveyor worm by means of worm by means of an inductive an inductive sensor and FR sensor and FR if speed if speed decreases, due to decreases, due to too much bulk too much bulk material, feeding material, feeding is automatically is automatically reduced. reduced.
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Application Application
Crane monitoring with FR Crane monitoring with FR
If overload of the crane hook is detected, the system must If overload of the crane hook is detected, the system must be stopped. The motor is turned off first before the be stopped. The motor is turned off first before the mechanical brake is turned on. This avoids excessive wear mechanical brake is turned on. This avoids excessive wear of the brake. of the brake.

134

Application Application
Crane monitoring with the FD-2 MONITOR Crane monitoring with the FD-2 MONITOR
Direction detection as information for the PLC to release crane Direction detection as information for the PLC to release crane movement: movement: Braking when approaching the end position Braking when approaching the end position Accelerating when leaving the end position Accelerating when leaving the end position

135

Application Application
Cylinder speed monitoring with the FR-1 MONITOR Cylinder speed monitoring with the FR-1 MONITOR
The motor speed is monitored to detect overloading on The motor speed is monitored to detect overloading on electromechanical advancing and positioning devices. This electromechanical advancing and positioning devices. This protects the mechanical system from damage in the case of protects the mechanical system from damage in the case of collision with an obstacle. collision with an obstacle.

136

POWER SUPPLIES POWER SUPPLIES

Power Supplies Power Supplies

ifm provides a wide range of high quality power ifm provides a wide range of high quality power supplies supplies Input from 115~230VAC or 3 x 400...500VAC Input from 115~230VAC or 3 x 400...500VAC Output range from 24~28VDC Output range from 24~28VDC
12~15VDC available too 12~15VDC available too

Rating of 1, 2.5, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40A Rating of 1, 2.5, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40A Operating temperature of -10 ~ 60OC Operating temperature of -10 ~ 60OC
138

Advantages at a glance Advantages at a glance

High effeciency High effeciency
87.5% for 2.5 & 3A 87.5% for 2.5 & 3A 90% for 5 & 10A 90% for 5 & 10A 92% for 20, 30 & 40A 92% for 20, 30 & 40A

Accuracy of 2% with residual ripple <25mVpp Accuracy of 2% with residual ripple <25mVpp Adjustable 24~28VDC from 5 to 40A to compensate Adjustable 24~28VDC from 5 to 40A to compensate for loss in long wiring distance for loss in long wiring distance Able to withstand up to 1.1 times the overload current Able to withstand up to 1.1 times the overload current at 45OC without affecting normal opeartion for 1 min. at 45OC without affecting normal opeartion for 1 min.
Continously when regulated at a temperature of 25OC Continously when regulated at a temperature of 25OC
139

Compact Counter CP Compact Counter CP

compact counter with compact counter with display and integrated display and integrated photoelectric sensor photoelectric sensor saves additional wiring saves additional wiring and control panel and control panel space space

140

CP-1 CP-1
preset counter with preset counter with 2 presets for 2 presets for standard counting standard counting task task

141

CP-2 CP-2
adjustable batch adjustable batch counter allows counter allows the counting of the counting of individual units individual units and the and the simultaneous simultaneous definition of batch definition of batch sizes sizes

142

CP-3 CP-3

preset counter with jam indicator preset counter with jam indicator adjustable cycle time monitors pulse trains and adjustable cycle time monitors pulse trains and indicates material pile-ups indicates material pile-ups
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