WHAT IS NOISE?

Noise is unwanted, unpleasant or disagreeable sound that causes discomfort. Noise is the wrong sound, at the wrong place at the wrong time. Noise is a sound without value. Noise is subjective in nature which means a particular sound may be musical to one but noise to another. Sound is measured in unit called Decibel (dB}

NOISE POLLUTION
Any unwanted and unpleasant sound in the atmosphere causing health hazards like annoyance, stress etc. It is the unwanted sound dumped into environment without regard to the adverse effects it may have. The noise level should be between 40 to 60 decibel for the comfort to human ear.

Noise Pollution in Textile Industry

Noise in Textile Wet Processing Sector Textile Wet Processing Sector Includes : Pre-treatment Dyeing Printing Finishing

Noise in Textile Wet Processing Sector

Noise in Textile Weaving Sector

Textile Weaving Sector where fabric is manufactured by interlacement of yarn.

Noise in Textile Weaving Sector

Noise in Textile Spinning Sector

Spinning: Where yarn is manufactured through several operations as: Blow Room Carding Draw Frame Combing Simplex Ring Open end/Rotor

Textile Noise Pollution Control

The textile industrial noise may be avoided by keeping the industries far from residential areas In spinning noise can be reduced by elastomeric spindle elastomeric spindles and elastomeric ring holders. Proper maintenance and lubrication of machine parts Replacement of metal parts with rubber or nylon coated material instead of metal. Tightening of loose parts to avoid vibration

 Use anti vibration rubber sheet Use vibration isolators to prevent noise transmitted through the base of machine Use sound absorbers Use disposable ear corded ear plugs

Adverse Health Effects of Noise Pollution

Disturbances in Mental Health: Noise pollution is not believed to be a cause of mental illness, but it is assumed to accelerate and intensify the development of latent mental disorders. Noise pollution may cause or contribute to the following adverse effects: anxiety, stress, nervousness, nausea, headache, emotional instability, argumentativeness, sexual impotence, changes in mood, increase in social conflicts, neurosis, hysteria, and psychosis.

Adverse Health Effects of Noise Pollution

Impaired Task Performance: The effects of noise pollution on task performance have been wellstudied. Noise pollution impairs task performance, increases errors, and decreases motivation. Reading attention, problem solving, and memory are most strongly affected by noise. Noise produces negative after-effects on performance.

Adverse Health Effects of Noise Pollution

Negative Social Behavior and Annoyance Reactions: Annoyance is defined as a feeling of displeasure associated with any agent or condition believed by an individual to adversely affect him or her. Annoyance increases significantly when noise is accompanied by vibration or by low frequency components

Health Effects of Noise

Elevated workplace or other noise can cause Hearing impairment, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance and sleep disturbance. Changes in the immune system and birth defects have been attributed to noise exposure. Although some presbycusis may occur naturally with age

Noise exposure has also been known to induce

Tinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction and cardiovascular impacts. It also increases workplace accident rates, stimulate aggression and other anti-social behaviors.

Hearing loss
The elevated sound levels cause trauma to cochlear structure in the inner ear, which gives rise to irreversible hearing loss. A very loud sound in a particular frequency range can damage the cochlea's hair cells that respond to that range thereby reducing the ear's ability to hear those frequencies in the future. However, loud noise in any frequency range has deleterious effects across the entire range of human hearing. The outer ear (visible portion of the human ear) combined with the middle ear amplifies sound levels by a factor of 20 when sound reaches the inner ear.

Health effects of hand-arm vibration

Vibration induced health conditions progress slowly. In the beginning it starts as a pain. As the vibration exposure continues, the pain may develop into an injury or disease. Pain is the first health condition that is noticed and should be addressed in order to stop the injury. Vibration can cause changes in tendons, muscles, bones and joints, and can affect the nervous system.

Vibration-induced white finger (VWF)

Workers affected by HAVS commonly report: attacks of whitening (blanching) of one or more fingers when exposed to cold tingling and loss of sensation in the fingers loss of light touch pain and cold sensations between periodic white finger attacks loss of grip strength bone cysts in fingers and wrists

Conclusion
The adverse health effects of noise pollution are numerous, pervasive, persistent, and medically and socially significant. These adverse effects represent a significant public health problem that can lead to social handicaps, reduced productivity, impaired learning, absenteeism, increased drug use, and accidents. The aim of enlightened governmental controls should be to protect the population from these adverse effects of noise.

Current Scenario
Noise pollution is a problem that has unsatisfactorily been tackled so far. Though noise-absorbing sheets are used to cover the inner walls of loom shed, still more appropriate means need to be devised. In modern shuttle less looms because of better engineering designs of the machines the noise level is lesser. But those shuttle less looms are costly.

References
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_fr om_noise World Health Organization Guideline for Community Noise