Prepared by:Ahmad Naqiuddin bin Abdul Rahim @ Mohd Natasha binti Mohamed Fadzil Nur Afiqah binti Mohd

Azhari Siti Noorfatin binti Zulkifli Section : 4BCPEX A 55201210195 52201210017 55201210209 55201210332

Also called acid precipitation or acid deposition, acid rain is precipitation containing harmful amounts of nitric and sulfuric acids formed primarily by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned. It can be wet precipitation (rain, snow, or fog) or dry precipitation (absorbed gaseous and particulate matter, aerosol particles or dust). Acid rain has a pH below 5.6. Normal rain has a pH of about 5.6, which is slightly acidic.

Water, Oxygen, and other gases already present in the atmosphere

Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxide

HOW?

Sulfuric acid, Ammonium nitrate, and Nitric acid

Fall back to the ground as ACID RAIN

These acids then disperse over large areas because of wind patterns

Roots are damaged by acidic rainfall, causing the growth of the plant to be stunted, or even in its death Acid rain, falling on the plants damages the waxy layer on the leaves and makes the plant vulnerable to diseases

Even if the plant survives it will be very weak and unable to survive climatic conditions like strong winds, heavy rainfall, or a short dry season.

Living organisms are inter-dependent on each other. If a lower life form is killed, other species that depended on it will also be affected. Every animal up the food chain will be affected.

Animals and birds that depends on the water for food sources or as a habitat, also begin to die.
Animals that depend on plants for their food also begin to suffer. Tree dwelling birds and animals also begin to languish due to loss of habitat.

Food

Plants and animal died due to acid rain. Less food.

Economy

Those who sells fish suffer due to lack of fish; people sells vegetable will suffer too. Business depreciate. Food gets expensive causing higher cost of living.

Health

Contaminated drinking water and food source. Polluted air causing breathing difficulty and worse for asthmatic patients

Paint from buildings have peeled off and colours of cars have faded Great buildings like Taj Mahal in India and The Acropolis in Greece have exposed to corrosion, fracturing, and discoloration in the structures Books, manuscripts, paintings, and sculpture are being affected in museums and libraries, where the ventilation system cannot eliminate the acid particles from the air which circulates in the building In some parts of Poland, trains are required to run slowly, as the tracks are badly damaged due to corrosion

Understand acid rain's causes and effects

Societal
Reduce acid rain Individual

Clean up smokestacks and exhaust pipes Conserve Energy

Minimize the Miles

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) and Nitrogen oxides (NOx) cause acid deposition and fine particles on human health

People need to understand how acid rain causes damage to the environment.

Need to understand what changes could be made to the air pollution sources that cause the problem

Options for reducing SO2 emissions: using coal containing less sulfur, washing the coal, and using scrubbers to chemically remove the SO2 from the gases leaving the smokestack. Power plants can switch fuels; for example burning natural gas creates much less SO2 than burning coal.

Power plants can use technologies that don't burn fossil fuels.

Similar to scrubbers on power plants, catalytic converters reduce NOx emissions from cars.

Turn off lights, computers, televisions, video games, and other electrical equipment when you're not using them.

Encourage your parents to buy equipment that uses less electricity, including lights, air conditioners, heaters, refrigerators, and washing machines. Such equipment might have the Energy Star label. Try to limit the use of air conditioning.

Ask your parents to adjust the thermostat (the device used to control the temperature in your home) when you go on vacation.

Driving cars and trucks also produces large amounts of nitrogen oxides, which cause acid rain. To help cut down on air pollution from cars, you can carpool or take public transportation, such as buses and trains. Also, ask your parents to walk or bike with you to a nearby store or friends house instead of driving.