DETECTION OF BROKEN BARS IN INDUCTION MOTOR USING VOLTAGE PATTERN ANALYSIS

SUBMITTED BY
VIBHA.IK S7 E1 37156
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CONTENTS
INDUCTION MOTORS FAULTS DETECTION METHODS PROPOSED DETECTION METHOD-VOLTAGE PATTERN ANALYSIS EXPERIMENTAL SETUP RESULTS CONCLUSION REFERENCE
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INDUCTION MOTORS
FANS CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS MOST MACHINERY TOOLS CRUSHERS PUNCHING PRESS TRACTION

WHY INDUCTION MOTORS?

SIMPLICITY RUGGED CONSTRUCTION RELATIVELY LOW MANUFACTURING COST SPEED VARIATION HIGH EFFICIENCY HIGH POWER FACTOR

FAULTS
Bearing faults Stator interturn short-circuits

BROKEN BARS

FAULTY ROTOR PERFORMANCE

o Distortion in magnetic field distribution across rotor o Asymmetrical magnetic pattern across rotor o Deterioration of mechanical parameters
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EXISTING DETECTION METHODS

MOTOR CURRENT SIGNATURE ANALYSIS POWER SPECTRUM ANALYSIS

DRAWBACKS
COMPLEX NUMERIC METHODS HIGH HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS LIMITED ABILITY TO MAKE AN ACCURATE DETECTION
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PROPOSED METHOD-VOLTAGE PATTERN ANALYSIS

Make use of easily accessible signals(line to line voltage) for monitoring Extract information on voltage oscillations which serve as the basis for failure determination No advanced mathematical algorithms and time demanding computations are needed Simple method
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BASIC IDEA
Maintaining speed constant irrespective of the rotor fault Adjusting the supply voltage in order to balance the effect of distorted field distribution For that adjust the duty cycle of inverter DUTYCYCLE : ratio of on period to total period Time record of generated voltage is obtained and further analyzed for the detection
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SPEED ADJUSTING
Inverter fed drives Vector field control is used(FOC-field oriented control,PTC-predictive torque control) Then filter high frequency components. Rotor bars defect can be easily identified in low frequency.

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BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PTC

Outputs a reference flux value according to the torque demand. IFC generates appropriate voltage references that will drive the inverter.
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BLOCK DIAGRAM OF FOC

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FOC
FOC is more accurate than PTC Produces smoother output voltage pattern of inverter Widely used control approach In this not only speed but also the flux is compared

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EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
3kW IM Rated Torque 20Nm Speed 1500rpm Squirrel cage rotor 44 rotor bars 7 broken bars Constant load torque applied to shaft by means of ELECTROMAGNETIC BREAKS and measured using DYNAMOMETER
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Contd..
Control algorithms implemented using TI TMS320F28335 microcontroller. Laboratory built inverter linked control stage to the IM. Two line-to-line voltages measured with different probes at the inverter terminals. Filtration of obtained signal using 3rd order low-pass filter with cut off frequency 36Hz.

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EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
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RESULTS

Average duty cycle at CONSTANT SPEED OF 1000rpm at various loads

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The higher the load and speed of the drive the more the fault propagates itself through the average duty Average duty cycle at CONSTANT LOAD of 15Nm at various speeds cycle
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AVERAGE DUTY CYCLE IN TERMS OF VARIANCE

Determines possible faulty conditions Determines degree of error

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 The broken rotor bars manifest itself through the oscillation in average voltage vector magnitude impressed to the IM When the magnitude of the oscillation(i.e. variance) exceeds a certain level , there will be a fault in the rotor of IM. Detection relies on measuring phase voltages. Easily implemented in inverter-fed drives. Significant computational power not required. Study the cases with even smaller number of bars
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CONCLUSION

REFERENCE
[1] ] P.J. Tavner, "Review of condition monitoring of rotating electrical machines," Electric Power Applications, IET, vol.2, no.4, pp.215247, July 2008. [2] M.E.H. Benbouzid and G.B. Kliman, "What stator current processing based technique to use for induction motor rotor faults diagnosis?," IEEE Trans. Energy Conv., vol.18, no.2, pp. 238-244, June 2003. [3] D. Pouliezos and G. S. Stavrakakis, Real Time Fault Monitoring of Industrial Processes, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994. [4]P. Vas, Parameter Estimation, Condition Monitoring, and Diagnosis of Electrical Machines, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1993. [5] F. Filippetti, G. Franceschini, C. Tassoni, and P. Vas AI techniques in induction machines diagnosis including the speed ripple effect, IEEE Trans. Ind. Applicat., vol.34, no.1, pp. 98-108, Jan./Feb. 1998.

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THANK YOU

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