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Major crops of Pakistan Minor crops of Pakistan Irrigated and un-irrigated area Agricultural inputs Role of agriculture in economic development of country Problems in agriculture sector
Introduction
Contributes 20.9% to GDP Employs 44% of workforce Contributes more than 66% to export earnings Important role in development of country
Cash Crops Cotton Sugarcane Tobacco Oil seed & vegetable oils
Wheat
Principal food crop Contributes 3% to GDP Covers 8494 hectares
2004-05
2005-06 2006-07 2007-08
8358
8448 8494 8414
21612
21277 23520 21749
2568
2519 2769 2585
Rice
2nd largest food crop Contributes 1.2% to GDP Accounts for 6.1% of total export earnings
Importance
Basmati rice Pakistan 5th largest rice exporting country in the world
Cotton
Most important cash crop of Pakistan Earns main foreign exchange Contributes 1.8% to GDP Golden & silver fiber of Pakistan Covers an area of 3054000 hectares
Major & minor crops of Pakistan
Irrigation:
Refers to the artificial application of water to the soil. It is used to assist in the growing of agricultural crops, maintenance of landscapes, and revegetation of disturbed soils in dry areas during periods of inadequate rainfall.
Explanation:
Pakistan's principal natural resources are arable land and water. About 25% of Pakistan's total land area is under cultivation and is watered by one of the largest irrigation systems in the world
In 2007, the total cultivated area was estimated at almost 22.3 million hectares, or 75 percent of the cultivable area.
6
7 8 9 10
Mexico
Turkey Thailand Bangladesh Russia
63,200
52,150 49,860 47,250 46,000
2003
2003 2003 2003 2003
1. Forestry:
The total area of Pakistan is 80 million hectares. Less than 4% of land in Pakistan is covered with forests. The contribution of forestry to GDP is recorded at 2.2% in 2009-10.
The forestry sector of Pakistan is a main source of timber and firewood extend over to 1.36 million hectares. Govt controlled forests produced 93,000 cubic meters timber and 263,000 cubic meter of firewood.
Impact of forests:
Three main leads: 1. Productive roles. 2. Social role. 3. Protective role.
1. Productive roles:
2. Social role:
3. Protective role:
2. Livestock:
It is an important source of essential items of human diet and draught power. Contribute 10 to 25% of income to small farmers. The leading daily newspaper jang reports that the national herd consists of 24.2 million cattle, 26.3 million buffaloes, 24.9 million sheep, 56.7 million goats and 0.8 million camels. These animals produce 29.472 million tons of milk . The food and agriculture organization reported in June 2006 that Pakistan, is the world's fifth largest milk producing country.
poultry sector : there is a vibrant poultry sector in the country with more than 530 million birds produced annually.
Importance of livestock:
Motor power. Nutritional food. Raw material. Contribution in exports. Contribution to GDP is 10.3% .
Livestock resources:
Buffaloes Cattle Goats Poultry Camels Donkeys Horses mules
Problems of livestock:
Due to increase in population the size of land holding is gradually being reduced. The slaughter of various livestock is on increase in spite of the fact that the prices of meat have gone up considerably. Difficult to keep the animals in cities.
3. fisheries:
It plays an important role in national economy by reducing pressure on demand for mutton, beef and poultry. Contributes on an avg about 0.4% to total GDP and 1.3% to agriculture Main economic activity of the coastal bell of sindh and balochistan.
GENERAL FACTORS:
Over crowding in agriculture Natural factors Inadequate irrigation facilities Socio economic factors
INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS:
Small size of holding Defective pattern of land tenure
TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS:
high ratio of labour to land under utilization of cultivable land inadequate supply of inputs lack of mechanization lack of infrastructure abilities inadequate agricultural research
REFRENCES:
www.undp.com www.wikipedia.org Economics Of Pakistan, Saeed, M Nasir