By Sreerupa Rath

WHAT IS MANAGEMENT ????

 Management

is the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals, working together in groups, efficiently accomplish selected aims.

 As

an art of getting things done through others As a process As a discipline As a science and as an art As an emerging profession

 Social

Process Distinct Process Continuous Process Intangible Force Goal Oriented Integrative Force Economic Resource Situational System of Authority Multidisciplinary subject

 Executive

function Both science and art Universal in nature

 Intellectual

Activities of Management Effective and Efficient Utilization of Resources Functional Activities of Management Creativity and Innovation Beyond Business Administration

Top Level/Strategic Managers

Middle Level/Tactical Managers Lower Level/Operational Managers

 Functional

Managers

Responsible for a department that performs a single functional task and Has employees with similar training and skills

General

Managers

Responsible for several departments that perform different functions

 The

five managerial functions around which managerial knowledge are organized: planning, organizing, staffing, leading, controlling.

 Technical
Human

skills

skills skills

Conceptual Design

skills

 Interpersonal
Information Decisional

Roles

Roles

Roles

CATEGORY Informational

ROLE Monitor Disseminator Spokesperson

Figurehead Leader Liaison

Interpersonal

Decisional

Entrepreneur Disturbance Handler Resource Allocator

ADMINISTRATION vs. MANAGEMENT

Sole Proprietorship Partnership Joint Stock Company Cooperative Society Government undertakings

Business organization where a single individual makes his/her own investment with an objective of generating profit and takes the risk to bear all the losses, in case they arise with unlimited liability.
It is a type of business unit where one person is solely responsible for providing the capital, for bearing of risk of the enterprise and for the management of the business.

Business organization where two or more than two individuals (not more than twenty) voluntarily come together and combine their capital to undertake a lawful business activity with a profit motive by oral or written agreement.
Association between two or more persons who agree to carry on a business in a common with a view to private gain. Partnership Act 1932, defines partnership as a relationship between persons who have agreed to share profit of a business carried on by all or any of them acting for all.

The Companies Act, 1956 defines a company as an artificial person created by law, having a separate legal entity, with perpetual succession and common seal. A corporation is an artificial being, invisible, intangible & existing only in contemplation of law. It possesses only the properties which the charter of its creation centers upon it either expressly or as incidental to its very existence.
It is a voluntary association of person created under the law for the purpose of some business for profit with common capital, divisible into transferable share with a common seal.

It comprises of following different clauses that define the nature and scope of the organization
Name

Clause Registered Office (RO) Clause Object Clause Liability Clause Share Capital Clause Association or Subscription Clause

It includes the following provisions, rules, regulations and guidelines for the internal working of a company:

Information about shares, certificates and variations of rights of the shareholders. Procedure and frequency of meetings of the board. Guidelines about the accounting records of a company. List of Directors of the company and appointment of management of the company. Policy with respect to issue of dividends and maintenance of reserves by the company. Postal and physical address of the company. Registration-fee receipts and payment of annual duty. Undertaking of directors to take shares of the company.

These organizations are run by the members from a common background for protecting or enhancing their interest through a cooperative effort. Co-operative societies are the voluntary foundations where different people combine their capital in order to serve the members of the society rather than to create profits, as there is inadequate amount of capital with the individual members of the society. And they are likely to share the benefits like limited liability and perpetual succession by coming together as cooperative. According to the Indian Co-operative Societies Act 1912, Cooperative Society is an association of people, which has its objective the promotion of economic interest of its member in accordance with co-operative principles.

 Departmental
Public

Organizations

Organization

Government

Companies

THANKYOU