Web Service

XML
Is a metalanguage Is a set of rules and guidelines for describing data in plain text rather than proprietary binary representation Is a combination of tags and content that add meaning to the content. <staff> <name>PICT</name> <address> Pune</address> < /staff>

 XML files are human readable Widespread industry support exists for XML Major relational databases have the native capability to read and generate XML data A large family of XML support technologies is available for interpretation and transformation of XML data for web page display and report generation. Design by omission XMLs widespread use and success derives from what it does not address.
No display is assumed No built-in data type. No transport is assumed

XML: Three revolutions

Data
XML enables the creation of program-independent data formats. XML has emerged from document culture It allows code to be treated as data.

Architecture
XML and Web have enabled the loose coupling of software components.

Software
XML is a part of s/w revolution centered around combination and surprise. Web-combination of HTML,HTTP and Browser Napster distribution of music on web

An Introduction
A web service is any service that is available over the internet, uses standardized XML messaging system, and is not tied to any one operating system or programming language. It should be self describing It should be discoverable Web service is at once a technology, a process, and a phenomenon.
As a technology it is a set of protocols that builds on the global connectivity made possible by SOAP and synergies of XML and HTTP. As a process, its an approach to software discovery and connection over Web

 A web service is a software application which is identified by a URI, whose interfaces and binding are capable of being defined, described and discovered by XML using XML-based messages via Internet-based protocols.

 As phenomenon, its as industry-wide realization that the decentralized, loosely coupled, synergistic Web cant be ignored.

Web today: Human centric web Web service: Application- centric Web WS Vision: Automated Web
Three main frameworks: MS.NET, IBM Web Services, Sun Open Net Environment (ONE)
All share Basic WS definition and vision Common set of technologies: SOAP, WSDL, UDDI

 WS includes
Describing : WS describes its functionality and attributes so that other applications can figure out how to use it. Exposing: WS registers with a repository/ registry Being invoked: When a WS has been located, a remote application can invoke the service. Returning a response: Results are returned to the requesting application.

Ex. A movie review, weather forecast, travel package. WS ensures that services, even from different venders, will interoperate.

 Service provider needs to take some decisions

Decide the services it wants to provide Pick a registry for uploading information Decide how to list its service at the registry Define explicitly how users can connect to its service.

Web service architecture : Two ways

Web service roles Web service protocol stack

WS Architecture: Roles
Three major roles Service provider: implements the service and makes it
available on the Internet

Service requestor: utilizes an existing web service by

opening a n/w connection and sending an XML request.

Service registry: logically centralized directory of services.

White pages: hold basic service provider information. Yellow pages: list services by category Green pages: describes how to connect and use the service.
Discover services

Service registry
Invoke service

Service Requestor

Service provider

WS Architecture: Protocol stack

Service Transport: responsible for transporting messages
between applications.

XML messaging: encodes messages in a common XML

format

Service description: describes the public interface to a

specific web service.

Service discovery: centralizes services into a common

registry and provides easy publish/find functionality.
Discovery Description XML Messaging Transport UDDI WSDL XML-RPC,SOAP,XML HTTP,SMTP,FTP,BEEP
Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol

WSDL

WSDL UDDI

WS registry UDDI

XML/SOAP WS Client WEB WS provider

 Characteristics of Web services that make them well suited for creating integrated systems on the Internet or intranets. Reusable Flexible Standards-based