Gypsy Jazz, Flamenco Jazz, Brazilian Jazz, and Latin Jazz

Gypsy Jazz
Django Reinhardt and Stephane GrapelliJ'attendrai Swing Sweet Georgia Brown Tea For Two Honeysuckle Rose

 Gypsy jazz (also known as gypsy swing or hot club jazz) is a style of jazz music often said to have been started by guitarist Jean "Django" Reinhardt in the 1930s. Because its origins are largely in France it is often called by the French name, "jazz manouche", or alternatively, "manouche jazz", even in English language sources. Django was foremost among a group of Gypsy guitarists working in and around Paris in the 1930s through the 1950s, a group which also included the brothers Baro, Sarane, and Matelo Ferret and Reinhardt's brother Joseph "Nin-Nin" Reinhardt.

 Many of the musicians in this style worked in Paris in various popular Musette ensembles. The Musette style waltz remains an important component in the Gypsy jazz repertoire. Reinhardt was noted for combining a dark, chromatic Gypsy flavor with the swing articulation of the period. This combination is critical to this style of jazz. In addition to this his approach continues to form the basis for contemporary Gypsy jazz guitar. Reinhardt's most famous group, the Quintette du Hot Club de France, also brought fame to jazz violinist Stphane Grappelli.

Gypsies..
The Romani people are also known by a variety of other names, in English as Gypsies and Roma, in Greek as (gftoi), in Central and Eastern Europe as Tsigani (and variants), in France as gitans besides the dated bohmiens and manouches. Self-designation also varies: In Central and Eastern Europe, Roma is common. The Romani of England call themselves (in Angloromani) Romanichal, those of Scandinavia (in Scandinavian romanidialect) Romanisl. In German-speaking Europe, the self-designation is Sinti, in France Manush, while the groups of Spain, Wales and Finland use Kalo/Kale (from kalo meaning "black"). There are numerous subgroups and clans with their own self-designations, such as the Kalderash, Machvaya, Boyash, Lovari, Modyar, Xoraxai, Lutari, etc. Roma History http://www.euronews.com/2012/07/13/roma-and-racism/

Gypsy Style
The term gypsy style refers to the typical way East European music is played in coffeehouses and restaurants, at parties, and sometimes on-stage, in European cities. Music played in this style is known by the general public as "gypsy music". It is mainly instrumental and usually performed by strings, except in the Romanian variant where the panflute is the main instrument. The accompaniment may be executed by various instruments, but by preference includes a cimbalom and a double bass.

Ornamentation
The Gypsy style differs from the style of the original folk music by its rich and sometimes oriental ornamentation. The music may sometimes be so embellished that the original melody hardly can be recognized. Simple folk songs are transformed into elaborate melodies that often surpass their originals. The transformation starts already when playing one tone. A long note is not simply played but is either approached by an elaborate ornament, or slides towards the tone, or is reached by a number of short notes in a bouncing effect. An effective way of embellishment is the use of rhythmic variations in the melody: just too early, or just too late. In faster rhythms this produces a bouncing effect that may become most exciting.

Gypsy Music
Ukrainian Gypsy Theater Gypsy Devils live Taraf De Haidouks Turceasca Nadara

 Django Reinhardt (French pronunciation: [d o ent]; 23 January 1910 16 May 1953) was a pioneering virtuoso Belgian jazz guitarist and composer. Often regarded as the first important European jazz musician who made major contributions to the development of the idiom, he is also revered by guitarists worldwide as among the foremost exponents of the instrument. Reinhardt invented an entirely new style of jazz guitar technique (sometimes called 'hot' jazz guitar) that has since become a living musical tradition within French gypsy culture. With violinist Stphane Grappelli, he cofounded the Quintette du Hot Club de France, described by critic Thom Jurek as "one of the most original bands in the history of recorded jazz."[1] Reinhardt's most popular compositions have become jazz standards, including "Minor Swing", "Daphne", "Belleville", "Djangology", "Swing '42", and "Nuages".

Django Reinhardt Documentary

Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 Part 5

Flamenco
Flamenco is a genre of Spanish music, song and dance from Andalusia, in southern Spain, that includes cante (singing), toque (guitar playing), baile (dance) and palmas (handclaps). First mentioned in literature in 1774, the genre grew out of Andalusian and Romani music and dance styles. In recent years flamenco has become popular all over the world and is taught in many countries: in Japan there are more academies than there are in Spain. On November 16, 2010 UNESCO declared flamenco one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.

Flamenco Music and Dance

Sarah Baras Paco De Lucia and Camaron

Flamenco Jazz
Chano Dominguez Chick Corea -La Fiesta Como La Vida Puede Ser

Colonization of South America

The first explorations and conquests were made by the Spanish and the Portuguese, immediately following their own final reconquest of Iberia in 1492. In the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas, ratified by the Pope, these two kingdoms divided the entire non-European world into two areas of world exploration and colonization, with a north to south boundary that cut through the Atlantic Ocean and the eastern part of present-day Brazil. Based on this Treaty and on early claims by Spanish explorer Vasco Nez de Balboa, discoverer of the Pacific Ocean in 1513, the Spanish conquered large territories in North, Central and South America. Spanish conquistador Hernan Cortes took over the Aztec Kingdom and Francisco Pizarro conquered the Inca Empire. As a result, by the mid-16th century, the Spanish Crown had gained control of much of western South America, Central America and southern North America, in addition to its earlier Caribbean territories. Over this same timeframe, Portugal colonized much of eastern South America, naming it Brazil.

Choro..
Choro (Portuguese pronunciation: "cry" or "lament"), traditionally called chorinho ("little cry" or "little lament"), is a Brazilian popular music instrumental style. Its origins are in 19th century Rio de Janeiro. In spite of the name, the style often has a fast and happy rhythm, characterized by virtuosity, improvisation, subtile modulations and full of syncopation and counterpoint. Choro is considered the first urban popular music typical of Brazil.

 In the 19th century, choro resulted from the style of playing several musical genres (polka, schottische, waltz, mazurka and habanera) by carioca musicians, who were already strongly influenced by African rhythms. Just like ragtime in the United States, tango in Argentina and habanera in Cuba, choro springs up as a result of influences of musical styles and rhythms coming from Europe and Africa.

Tico Tico No Fuba

Tico Tico Version Piano Orquestra Colbaz Carmen Miranda

Brazilian Jazz
Brazilian Music has become something that most of todays jazz musicians are expected to know something about. Bossa and Samba beats, and even a baio has become a natural part of the repertoire of rhythms. Well known Brazilian jazz artists include Trio Da Paz, Elaine Elias, and Hermeto Pascoal.

Brazilian Music
Carnival Aquarela do Brasil - Gal Costa Orfeu Negro Chega de saudade by Joao Gilberto Elis Regina & Tom Jobim - "Aguas de Maro" 1974 Madalena - Elis Regina Regina - Atras da Porta - ao vivo

Brazilian Influenced Jazz

Stan Getz & Charlie Byrd Sextet - Desafinado Dizzy Gillespie - Chega de Saudade (no more blues) Milton Banana Trio - Tristeza

Latin Jazz
Latin jazz is jazz with Latin American rhythms. Although musicians continually expand its parameters, the term Latin jazz is generally understood to have a more specific meaning than simply jazz from Latin America. A more precise term might be Afro-Latin jazz, as the jazz sub-genre typically employs rhythms that either have a direct analog in Africa, or exhibit an African influence. The two main categories of Latin jazz are: Afro-Cuban jazzjazz rhythmically based on clave, often with a rhythm section employing ostinato patterns from Cuban popular dance music. Afro-Brazilian jazzincludes bossa nova and jazz samba. In 1993 trombonist, composer, and arranger William Cepeda created a sub-genre he calls Afro-Rican jazz, which blends jazz with the African elements of Puerto Rican music.

Famous Latin Jazz Artists

Tito Puente Celia Cruz Machito Dizzy Gillespie Eddie Palmieri Chucho Valdez Cal Tjader Jerry Gonzales and Fort Apache

Machito
MACHITO Y SU ORQUESTA Machito (born Francisco Ral Gutirrez Grillo, February 16, 1908?April 19, 1984) was an influential Latin jazz musician who helped refine Afro-Cuban jazz and create both Cubop and salsa music.[1][2] He was raised in Havana alongside the singer Graciela, his foster sister. In New York City, Machito formed the band the Afro-Cubans in 1940, and with Mario Bauz as musical director, brought together Cuban rhythms and big band arrangements in one group. He made numerous recordings from the 1940s to the 1980s, many with Graciela as singer. Machito changed to a smaller ensemble format in 1975, touring Europe extensively. He brought his son and daughter into the band, and received a Grammy Award in 1983, one year before he died. Machito's music had an effect on the lives of many musicians who played in the Afro-Cubans over the years, and on those who were attracted to Latin jazz after hearing him. George Shearing, Dizzy Gillespie, Charlie Parker and Stan Kenton credited Machito as an influence. An intersection in East Harlem is named "Machito Square" in his honor.

Latin Jazz
Tito Puente Ran Kan Kan Tito Puente - Oye Como Va Dizzy Gillespie Manteca Eddie Palmieri-Azucar Eddie Palmieri-Puerto Rico