ROOM NOISE DETECTOR AND VISUAL ALARM WITH COUNTER

Presented by
Anshu khandelwal (25300310036) Somnath Khamaru (25300310048) Riju Byabortta (25300310054) Department of ECE

Sir J. C. Bose School of Engineering(SKFGI)

18/4/2012

Contents
OVERVIEW INTRODUCTION LITERATURE SURVEY FRIENDS WHO HELPED US CIRCUIT DIAGRAM MODE OF OPERATION APPLICATION ADVANTAGE VS DISADVANTAGE CONCUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY
Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI) 2

OVERVIEW
In this paper a new proposal has been made so as to make a noise detector alarm and enhance it with a counter to count the quantity of noise pollution. This is done by use simple analog and digital electronics equipment like op-amp and counter. This circuit is a two way path which not only warns you of the noise pollution caused by you but opens a way to penalize sound polluters.

Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI)

18/4/2012

The device is of very low cost .It costs at least 90% less than the noise detectors available in the market. The device is small and portable and is easily accessed. So think before you make noise. A RSAC (ROOM NOISE DETECTOR AND VISUAL ALARM WITH COUNTER)is measuring you.

SOME INTERESTING FACTS

The circuit is fully made of components discarded electronic gadgets. Recycling discarded electronic components is very eco friendly approach and we are proud to be a part of it. Passive electronic component are not easily damaged . So

please take out the passive electronic components from the

discarded electronic components and use them.Go green be clean

Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI)

 We have collected the equipments from

discarded battery chargers, headphones ,cfl lamp circuits. After collecting the equipments for the device we came to realize that mobile phone charger is a potential source of

electronic components . It is easily

available and decreases your production cost by about 60%.

But a serious question arises that why does a mobile

charger often goes wrong. So we get our next task to find a solution to the problem
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WE TRY TO TAKE OUT THE ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS BY DE-SOLDERING THEM

Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI)

INTRODUCTION
Noise is a common word is our day to day life. Status of a place is judged by the noise level maintained there. Thus in this project we deal with noise, or rather in a broader sense we measure noise.

Noise pollution
Noise pollution is excessive, displeasing human, animal, or machine-created environmental noise that disrupts the activity or balance of human or animal life. The source of most outdoor noise worldwide is mainly construction and transportation systems, including motor vehicle noise, aircraft noise, and rail noise.

Scrutinizing Room Noise Detector:

A note on noise level

Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI)

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LITERATURE SURVEY
BASICS OF DETECTORS

Detector can be defined as a device which receives a signal

and converts it into electrical form which can be further

used for electronic devices.
A good detector obeys the following rules: Is sensitive to the measured property. Is insensitive to any other property likely to be in its application. encountered

Does not influence the measured property.

Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI)

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TYPES OF DETECTORS
Detectors can be classified on the basis of quantity it measures. Some of them are:
Temperature detectors like thermocouple, RTD, etc. Light detectors like LDRs, phototransistors, etc. Sound detectors like microphone, lace sensor, hydrophone, etc. Infrared detector like IR sensor, etc. Radiation detector like particle detector, etc. Position Detector like accelerometer, free fall sensor, etc. Pressure Detector like Bourdon gauge, Barometer, etc. Flow detector like air flow meter, anemometer, etc.

Photo-ionization detector

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Friends who helped us

RESISTORS CAPACITORS LEDS IC CHIPS TRANSISTOR BATTERY

BEST FRIENDS
MICROPHONE ROTARY SWITCH

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IC LM358
The LM358 consists of two independent, high gain, internally frequency compensated operational amplifiers which were designed

specifically to operate from a single power supply over a wide range

of voltages. Advantages Two internally compensated op amps Eliminates need for dual supplies Allows direct sensing near GND and VOUT also goes to GND. Compatible with all forms of logic Power drain suitable for battery operation
Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI) 15

Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI)

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PICTURE OF LM358

Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI)

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TRANSISTOR BC327
A PNP general purpose transistor in a TO-92 package, used for general purpose switching and amplifier applications which is suitable

for AF driver stages

Low power output stages of audio amplifiers due to its

features of high current at 500

mA maximum and low voltage at 45 V maximum.
Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI) 18

IC DM74LS48
The DM74LS48 is a BCD to 7-Segment Decoder consisting of NAND gates, input buffers and seven AND-OR-INVERT gates. Seven NAND gates and one driver are connected in pairs to make BCD data and its complement available to the seven decoding AND-OR-INVERT gates.

The remaining NAND gate and three input buffers

provide lamp test, blanking input/ripple blanking input for the LS48.

Pin configuration of 7448

PICTURE of 7448
Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI) 20

IC DM74LS90
The DM74LS90monolithic counter contains four master slave flip-flops and additional gating to provide a divide-by two

counter and a three-stage binary counter for which the

count cycle length is divide-by-five. The counter has a gated zero reset and also has gated set tonine inputs for use in BCD nines complement applications. Features Typical power dissipation 45 mW. Count frequency 42 MHz
Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI) 21

Pin configuration of 7490

PICTURE of 7490

Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI)

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SEVEN SEGMENT DISPLAY

A seven-segment display (SSD), or seven-segment indicator, is a form of electronic display device for

displaying decimal numerals that is an alternative to the more complex dot-matrix displays. Seven-segment displays are widely used in digital clocks, electronic

meters, and other electronic devices

for displaying numerical
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information.
Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI)

PIN CONFIGURATION OF SEVEN SEGMENT DISPLAY

Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI)

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BLOCK DIAGRAM
NOISE OCCURING MICROPHONE SENNSING SOUND COMPARISON OF SOUND WITH THE PRESET NOISE LEVEL

SWITCHING OF THE TRANSISTOR

INPUT TO COMPARATOR

AMPLIFICATION OF SOUND

GLOWING OF LED

CLOCK PULSE TO THE COU NTER

DECODING OF COUNTER OUTPUT

Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI)

VISUALIZATION BY SEVEN SEGMENT DISPLAY

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

CLOCK TO THE COUNTER

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CIRCUIT TOP VIEW

Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI)

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF THE COUNTER

DM74LS48

DM74LS48

DM74LS490

DM74LS48

Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI)

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COUNTER ATTACHED WITH THE CIRCUIT

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MODE OF OPERATION
The complete working of Room Noise Detector has been described under the consideration that sound signal is sinusoidal in nature. Hence a descriptive working for positive half cycle of the signal is in this manner:

The R4 C1 combination is responsible for AC coupling with the high gain OP-AMPs. The R3 C2 parallel arrangement makes sure that only DC signal flows through R3 and remains shorted for sound signal.

IC1A configuration is employed in non-inverting amplifier mode with variable gain controlled by resistors R5, R6 and R7. Formula for Gain: AV =(1+ Ri/R9 )where i = 5,6,7. These resistors provide selection for 50 dB, 70 dB and 85 dB threshold respectively. Contd.
Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI) 30

From contd..

IC1A is coupled with IC1B and the second OPAMP is in

difference amplifier mode. For positive half cycles, the R8 resistor takes along a signal synchronized with input signal

with its negative cycles clipped. Also input to non-inverting

terminal is the original amplified signal. The output of IC1B is only negative pulses in every positive cycles of input. The capacitor is for input coupling and the transistor being PNP it gets ON when base voltage is negative when compared to the emitter i.e. VBE -0.7. The R11 C3 combination is an LPF allowing only low frequency signals to pass through and attenuating high frequency signals. )
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From contd It is clear that noise or sound signals have a positive amplitude w.r.t ground. The PNP transistor produces positive collector current spikes when a negative pulse is provided to base of the transistor . Thus the LEDs show the output depending upon user selection of dBs.

As the LEDs glow then it acts as a clock pulse and the no of times the LEDS will glow
the IC 7490 counter will count it and it will be decoded by the IC 7448(active high) decoder.

Hence the decoder will drive the seven segment display.

Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI)

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APPLICATIONS
The 50 db setting is provided to monitor the noise in the bedroom at night. If the LED is steady on, or flashes bright often, then your bedroom is inadequate and too noisy for sleep.

The 70 db setting is for living-rooms. If this

level is often exceeded during the day, your apartment is rather uncomfortable.

If noise level is constantly over 85 db, 8 hours

day, then you are living in a dangerous environment
Sir J. C. Bose scool of Engineering (SKFGI) 33

SOME MORE OF THEM

The noise detector circuit can be used commercially by pollution control agencies.

It can be installed in industries and give

indications when noise level goes high and count the no of time the noise level exceeds

safe limits and is indicated by a 7 segment

display system. Even this device can be installed in schools,

colleges and measure noise created by

students and indicates or warns them to control the noise level.
Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI) 34

Advantages vs Disadvantages
The device is cheap (about Rs.250)and easily access able, portable. It is made of simple analog and digital circuits. It can be used over a wide range(50dB to 100 dB and above). It requires very less power to operate(max 9V dc is required).
Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI) 35

1. It cant measure sound below 50dB and above 500dB. 2. It cannot measure sound at a distance more than 5m in premium mode . 3. It cannot measure

distinguish between
sources of the sound.
Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI) 36

This room noise detector leads us to make a comfortable solution to the noise pollution detection and making people aware of the noise pollution caused by them. This device also helps us to know how many times a noise pollution occurs on a particular place in a particular day. This is a almost commercial device and suits the commercial standards, yet it is very cost efficient .We ensure further development in this field and hope to make a fully integrated commercial device of noise detection and noise pollution control in future.

Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI)

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
www.eleccircuit.com/0-99-two-digit-counter-by-ic-74ls48-74ls90/ www.redcircuits.com/Page16.htm

www.datasheetarchive.com/ic+7448-datasheet.html - United States

www.engineersgarage.com/electronic.../74ls90-ic-datasheet www.wikipedia.org www.google.co.in/ www.electro-tech-online.com/...design.../96054-noise-detector2.htm... www.eeweb.com/blog/circuit.../noise-detector-for-isolated-room project-circuit.blogspot.com/2009/.../room-noise-detector-

circuit.htm...

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
WE ARE VERY TEACHERS OF THANKFUL TO OUR BELOVED SKFGI ESPECIALLY PROF ASST PROF SRIMA

SOUMEN KHATUA SIR,

NANDI MADAM, TECHNICAL ASSISTANT SANDIP POREL SIR FOR THERE ENDLESS HELP,WHICH ALLOWED US TO COMPLETE THIS TECHNICAL

REPORT .

OUR TORCH BEARER

OUR HEARTLIEST THANK TO OUR BELOVED BNB SIR

Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI) 40

Positive Attitude is a path to Success.

THANK YOU
Sir J. C. Bose school of Engineering (SKFGI) 41

Any queries ?