Chemical Engineering Is A Branch of Engineering That Applies Physical Sciences

Chemical engineering
General Explaination
Chemical engineering is a branch of engineering that applies physical sciences
(physics and chemistry), life sciences (microbiology and biochemistry), together with applied
mathematics and economics to produce, transform, transport, and properly use chemicals, materials
and energy. A chemical engineer designs large-scale processes that convert chemicals, raw
materials, living cells, microorganisms and energy into useful forms and products.
Chemical engineering has always focused its work to produce economical process. To achieve this goal,
a chemical engineer can simplify or complicate the flow of the production process to obtain economical
process. In addition to the design flow through the production process, a chemical engineer also can
produce economical process by designing the operating conditions.
Ex : Some chemical reaction has a higher reaction rate on pressure or higher operating temperatures.
Ammonia production process is an example of the use of high pressure. In order for the rate of
formation of ammonia rapidly, the reaction conducted in a high pressure reactor.
HISTORY
Chemical engineering first appeared in the development of the operating unit, one of the basic concepts
of modern chemical engineering now. Most authors agree that Davis found the unit is operating but not
developed rapidly. He gave a series of lectures on the operating unit at the Technical School Manchester
(University of Manchester today) in 1887, he was regarded as one of the earliest teaches chemical
engineering. Three years before college Davis, Henry Edward Armstrong teaches chemical engineering
program at the City and Guilds of London Institute, but Armstrong "failed" because the graduates are
not attractive to employers. Employers at that time preferred to hire chemists and mechanical
engineers. Chemical engineering program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the
United States, the University of Owen in Manchester, UK and University College London also failed for
the same reason.
Starting in 1888, Lewis M. Norton teaches at MIT chemical engineering courses first in the United States.
Of course, Norton is contemporary and basically the same as what he teaches courses Armstrong. Both
courses, however, simply combining chemistry and machinery. "The practitioners have difficulty
convincing employers that they are engineers and chemists, that they are not only a chemist." The
course introduced the operating unit Hultz William Walker in 1905. In the early 1920s, an operating unit
becomes an important aspect of chemical engineering at MIT and other universities in the US, as well as
at Imperial College London. The American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE), founded in 1908,
played a key role in making chemical engineering is regarded as an independent science, and that the
unit operation into one of the important centers in chemical engineering. For example, defining the
chemical engineering to "chemical engineering science itself, basically ... the unit is operating" in a
report in 1922, has published a list of academic institutions offering courses in chemical engineering
"true". Meanwhile, the UK and to promote chemical engineering as a distinct science in Europe and
formed the Institute for Chemical Engineering (IChemE) in 1922.
Concept
Chemical engineering involves the application of several principles. Key concepts are presented
below.
1. Chemical reaction engineering

Chemical engineering involves managing plant processes and conditions
to ensure optimal plant operation. Chemical reaction engineers construct
models for reactor analysis and design using laboratory data and
physical parameters, such as chemical thermodynamics, to solve
problems and predict reactor performance.
2. Plant design and construction

Chemical engineering design concerns the creation of plans, specification, and economic analyses
for pilot plants, new plants or plant modifications. Design engineers often work in a consulting role,
designing plants to meet clients' needs. Design is limited by a number of factors, including funding,
government regulations and safety standards. These constraints dictate a plant's choice of process,
materials and equipment.
3. Process design and analysis

A unit operation is a physical step in an individual chemical engineering process. Unit operations
(such as crystallization, filtration, drying and evaporation) are used to prepare reactants, purifying
and separating its products, recycling unspent reactants, and controlling energy transfer in
reactors.[30] On the other hand, a unit process is the chemical equivalent of a unit operation. Along
with unit operations, unit processes constitute a process operation. Unit processes (such
as nitration and oxidation) involve the conversion of material by biochemical, thermochemical and
other means. Chemical engineers responsible for these are called process engineers.[31]
Process design requires the definition of equipment types and sizes as well as how they are
connected together and the materials of construction. Details are often printed on a Process Flow
Diagram which is used to control the capacity and reliability of a new or modified chemical factory.
4. Transport phenomena
Modeling and analysis of transport phenomena is essential for many industrial applications. Transport
phenomena involve fluid dynamics, heat transfer and mass transfer, which are governed mainly by
momentum transfer, energy transfer and transport of chemical species respectively. Models often
involve separate considerations for macroscopic, microscopic and molecular level phenomena.
DIFFERENT BETWEEN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE CHEMIST IN THEIR APLICATION
Here is an example that illustrates the role of a chemical engineer at the plant:
"The difference between chemical engineering and chemistry can be illustrated by taking the example of
the production process of orange juice. A chemist would seek to examine the methods of extraction of
orange juice. The most simple method that may be found is to cut the orange in half and then blackmail
him. More complicated method is to peel the orange peel and then crush oranges to obtain the juice.
A company then instructed a chemical engineer to design a factory that produces orange juice with a
production capacity of several thousand tons of juice per year. The engineer will analyze production
processes is possible and then evaluate the economics of any process are possible. Although the method
of production of the juice by squeezing very simple, the process is not economical because it requires
thousands of people to achieve production targets. Therefore, other methods will be selected (possible
methods of stripping and destruction). From this example, it can be seen that the simplest production
process on a laboratory scale is not necessarily the most economical method in a factory. "
PROSPEct of job
Industry :
-chemical process :
-renewable energy
-banking
-lecture
-Here is an example that illustrates the role of a chemical engineer at the plant:
"The difference between chemical engineering and chemistry can be illustrated by taking the example of
the production process of orange juice. A chemist would seek to examine the methods of extraction of
orange juice. The most simple method that may be found is to cut the orange in half and then blackmail
him. More complicated method is to peel the orange peel and then crush oranges to obtain the juice.
A company then instructed a chemical engineer to design a factory that produces orange juice with a
production capacity of several thousand tons of juice per year. The engineer will analyze production
processes is possible and then evaluate the economics of any process are possible. Although the method
of production of the juice by squeezing very simple, the process is not economical because it requires
thousands of people to achieve production targets. Therefore, other methods will be selected (possible
methods of stripping and destruction). From this example, it can be seen that the simplest production
process on a laboratory scale is not necessarily the most economical method in a factory. "

Chemical Engineering Is A Branch of Engineering That Applies Physical Sciences

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Chemical engineering

1. Chemical reaction engineering

2. Plant design and construction

3. Process design and analysis

DIFFERENT BETWEEN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE CHEMIST IN THEIR APLICATION

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