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A shopping mall, shopping centre, shopping arcade, shopping precinct or simply mall is one or more buildings forming a complex of shops representing merchandisers, with interconnecting walkways enabling visitors to easily walk from unit to unit, along with a parking area a modern, indoor version of the traditional marketplace.

Cabot Circus in Bristol city centre, England

The weekly markets in Munich, Germany, are an important source of food to the residents of the city. The population of the city is provided with groceries by 41 weekly markets, including farmers markets and organic-food markets on a daily basis. These markets can be found all over Munich.

As it was too expensive to maintain permanent food markets (such as Viktualienmarkt) in some areas, the city authorities established markets that take place once or twice a week for a few hours or an entire day. The markets are supplied by mobile producers who provide the people of Munich with groceries, flowers and non-food products.

On 20 May 1969 the first weekly market was opened in Plettstrae (Neuperlach), followed by markets in Berner Strae (Frstenried-Ost), Wellenkampstrae (Hasenbergl) and Graubndener Strae (Frstenried-West). The markets trial year went down well with Munichs population and in 1970 responsibility was handed over to the administration of the Gromarkthalle (Great Market Hall).

In spring 1989, farmers markets began for a test period under the patronage of the association of Munichs weekly markets. Responsible for this market concept is the Bauernmarkt Mnchen e. V. (Munichs Farmers Market Registered Society) founded by the Bavarian Farmers Organisation. In contrast to professional market vendors, stall-holders on farmers markets have to be small farmers and members of the Bauernmarkt Mnchen e. V. In 1996 Munichs first weekly organic market was opened on Pfanzeltplatz (Perlach). Usually organic food markets are smaller than conventional weekly markets because each organic farmer offers a wider range of products than the highly specialised market vendors on conventional markets.

Wholesaling, jobbing, or distributing is defined as the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers, to industrial, commercial, institutional, or other professional business users, or to other wholesalers and related subordinated services.[1] In general, it is the sale of goods to anyone other than a standard consumer. According to the United Nations Statistics Division, "wholesale" is the resale (sale without transformation) of new and used goods to retailers, to industrial, commercial, institutional or professional users, or to other wholesalers, or involves acting as an agent or broker in buying merchandise for, or selling merchandise to, such persons or companies. Wholesalers frequently physically assemble, sort and grade goods in large lots, break bulk, repack and redistribute in smaller lots.[2] While wholesalers of most products usually operate from independent premises, wholesale marketing for foodstuffs can take place at specific wholesale markets where all traders are congregated. Traditionally, wholesalers were closer to the markets they supplied than the source from which they got the products.[3] However, with the advent of the internet and E-procurement there are an increasing number of wholesalers located nearer manufacturing bases in China, Taiwan, and Southeast Asia. For example, Chinavasion, Ownta, Salehoo, and Modbom. These companies offer drop shipping services to companies and individuals. In the banking industry "wholesale" usually refers to wholesale banking, providing tailored services to large customers, in contrast with retail banking, providing standardized services to large numbers of smaller customers.