Course Name Course Code Semester Subject Title Subject Code

: Chemical Engineering Group : CH : Fourth : Fluid Flow Operations : 9201

Teaching & Examination Scheme: Teaching Scheme TH 03 TU 01 PR 02 PAPER HRS 03 TH 80 Examination Scheme TEST 20 PR 50# OR -TW 25@ TOTAL 175

Rationale: The subject gives the knowledge of measurement of fluid flow and various fluid transportation machinery. The knowledge gained by this subject is directly used in different subjects studied in Chemical Engineering. The knowledge of this subject helps in installation of different fluid flow and fluid transportation machinery. Objectives: After studying the subject student will be able

1. To distinguish between different types of fluids. 2. To understand the concept of viscosity. 3. To Calculate flow rates. 4. To Calculate the power of pump required to do a certain pumping job. 5. To understand the principles behind different flow meters. 6. To be able to install and calculate the flow rate of fluid with different flow meters in closed pipe line. 7. To understand different flow control devices and to gain the knowledge of using different valves for different types of fluids and different flow situations. 8. To understand the principle and working of different fluid flow machinery. 9. To be able to install the fluid flow machinery in closed pipe lines.

Learning Structure:

Applications

Installing and using various fluid flow measurement and moving devices in closed pipe lines for any type of fluid

Principle

Properties of fluids

Equation of continuity

Bernoullis Theorem

Pumping Principles

Concept

Equipments of fluid flow measurement and fluid moving devices

Facts

Principles of fluid flow, Principles of fluid flow measurement and principles of fluid moving machinery used in Chemical Industries

Contents: Theory Chapter Name of the Topic 1.1 Properties of fluids 1.1.1 Density & viscosity (absolute & kinematic) 1.1.2 Vapor pressure & surface tension 1.1.3 Principle of Hydrostatic Equilibrium 1.1.4 Manometers- Types ( U, Inclined, Differential ), 1 Equations, Uses 1.2 Types of fluids 1.2.1 Ideal & Actual fluids, 1.2.2 Compressible & Incompressible Fluids 1.2.3 Newtonian & Non-Newtonian fluids including time dependent & time Independent fluids Flow of Fluids (Incompressible) 2.1 Equation of continuity, Calculation of mass flow rate, volumetric flow rate, average velocity & mass velocity 02 2.2 Bernoullis equation for ideal fluid, actual fluid & with pump work done. Correction in Bernoullis equation 06 2.3 Reynolds experiment & its significance in determining turbulent, laminar & transition regime. 2 straight tubes 2.5 Form friction & skin friction: Relationship between pressure drop, wall shear & shear stress maximum 06 2.6 Laminar flow in circular pipe. Relationship between & average velocity in laminar flow. The HagenPoiseuille equation. 2.7 Friction in pipe, Fannings friction factor, the standard friction factor chart. Friction losses due to sudden 04 expansion/reductio of pipe & in pipefittings. Definition of equivalent length of pipe fittings. 06 03 20 36 2.4 Concept of Boundary layer, Boundary layer formation in 04 08 Hours Marks

2.8 Measurement of fluid flow with the help of flow meters 2.8.1 Venturimeter: Construction, Principle, Working, Coefficient of discharge, Calibration, Derivation for calculating the flow rates. 05 2.8.2 Orifice meter: Construction, Principle, Working, Coefficient of discharge, Calibration, Derivation for calculating the flow rates. Calibration. 04 04 2.8.3 Rotameter: Construction, Principle, Working, 2.8.4 Pitot tube: Construction, Principle, and Working. 2.9 Measurement of flow in open channels with help of notches ( V- notch, square-notch) Pipe, fittings & valves 3.1 MOC 3 3.2 Standard sizes of pipes, wall thickness, Schedule number 04 3.3 Joints & fittings Gate valve, Globe valve, Ball valve, Needle valve, NRV, Butterfly valve, Diaphram Valve Transportation of Fluids 4.1 Pumps 4.1.1Centrifugal Pump: Parts of centrifugal pump, Working of Centrifugal pump, Performance of centrifugal pump (Characteristics of centrifugal pump), Characteristics curves, priming 4.1.2 Developed Head, Cavitations, NPSH Priming. 4 pressure component & based on action of piston/plunger, their construction & working 04 4.1.4 Gear pump, its construction & working 4.2 Fans, blowers & compressors: 4.2.1 Fans & their applications 4.2.2 Blowers & Compressors, Reciprocating & centrifugal compressors Vacuum Pumps, jet ejectors, its working & application 04 Total 48 80 04 04 4.1.5 Diaphragm pump, its utility, construction & working 04 04 20 24 08 04 12 02

4.1.3 Positive displacement reciprocating pumps based on

Practical: Intellectual Skills 1. Observations and interpretation of data. 2. Calculations. 3. Analysis. Motor Skills 1. Equipment handling 2. Performing LISTS OF Practical: 1. Determination of coefficient of discharge of venturi meter & plot a calibration curve 2. Determination of coefficient of discharge of orifice meter & plot a calibration curve 3. To calibrate a rotameter for different liquids & plot the calibration curve. 4. To perform experiment on Bernoullis Theorem and prove that the summation of pressure head, kinetic head and potential head is constant. 5. To perform Reynolds Experiment and determine the Reynolds number at the end of laminar region and beginning of turbulent region. 6. To determination of equivalent length of pipe fittings 7. To plot the characteristics curves of centrifugal pump 8. To determine the relationship between Fannings friction factor & Reynolds Number 9. To measure the viscosity of different liquids (Ostwalds Viscometer or Redwood Viscometer) 10. To measure the flow rate of gases using flow meter. Learning Resources: Books: Sr. No 1. 2. 3. Author McCabe, Smith Badger & Banchero Richardson & Coulson Title Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering Introduction to Chemical Engineering Chemical Engineering Volume-I Publisher McGraw Hill McGraw Hill Pergamon Press