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Yousef Pipelzadeh, Nilanjan Ray Chaudhuri, Balarko Chaudhuri, Tim Green Power Networks Research Academy
Motivation
UK Opportunities in Offshore Wind Power 972MW installed capacity, further 3.5GW being implemented in 2010/11 All AC Radial connections to shore Wind turbine rating of between 23.6 MW (except Beatrice 5 MW) Nine offshore wind farm zones licences which could generate up to 25.5 GW was recently announced. Some of them are situated as far as 195 km (Transmission possibilities? HVDC technology) How to coordinated multiple actuators to avoid operational challenges?
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Modelling
Conceptual View
Offshore wind-farm connected to the onshore grid through a point to point VSC HVDC link The offshore VSC HVDC substation (rectifier), connected to the wind-farm through a short AC submarine cable, works in Vac control mode to buffer the real power Pr into the DC cable network. The onshore VSC HVDC (inverter) works in a VdcQ control mode. Conceptual idea of controlling only the wind-farm vs. coordinated control of both offshore wind-farm and onshore VSC HVDC converter.
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Operational Constraints
converter capacity constraints were considered for both HVDC and Wind Farms
Modal analysis may not be accurate when detailed power electronics devices are considered Therefore, an Identification (N4SID) routine is used to provide accurate state-space models
a) System Identification Typical probing signal injected into the network to excite power system dynamics b) Validation Validation with a pulse excitation on the linear model and actual non-linear system
low-level Fourier-based signal can not identify MIMO models due to its correlated spectrum. PRBS and white noise are good possibilities. PRBS probing through Wind Farm Rotor current, id and inverter side reactive power, Qi of the VSC HVDC link (used to estimate state space matrices (A,B,C,D) using N4SID Identified models validated by comparing the estimated (red) and actual (blue) responses in DIgSILENT
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3. Controller Structure
The POD has a low-order controllers fixed structure consisting of 2 x SISO decentralized, yet coordinated
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4. Control Synthesis
The Control Methodology deforms a centralised structure into a decentralised (diagonal) structure. The formulation ensures all modes are placed within the conic sector
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Reinforcements (shown in blue) Offshore Wind Farm connected Radially to the transmission grid via a Bipolar VSC HVDC link Wind Park consist of 225 units rated at 2 MW, 0.69 kV. Doubly Fed Induction Generator considered as Wind generator technology Bipolar VSC HVDC link rated at +/- 150kV, 450 MW.
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Linear Analysis
Frequencyresponseoftheclosed loopsystemwithcentralizedand decentralizedcontrol
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Connection of remote offshore wind farms in the GB network will bring many operational challenges. Operational constraints of an offshore wind-farm connected to the onshore grid through VSC HVDC transmission system are considered while damping inter-area oscillations. Coordination amongst wind farm and HVDC controls is imperative to ensure stable and secure system operation. 17
Thank you
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