10 | 2009 US-Taiwan High Technology Forum | Clean Energy

Vertical Axis Small Wind Turbine Breakthrough and Small

Wind Turbine Application Limit

Jacken Chen, General Manager
Hi-VAWT Technology Corporation
jacken@hi-energy.com.tw




Abstract
In the attempt to reduce the global warming effect, small wind turbine (SWT) is expecting to
play more and more important role in the upcoming future. The traditional small wind turbine
technology has been dominated by Horizontal Axis Small Wind Turbine (HASWT) for decades.
However, the noise nuisance and the questionable practical power performance have been reported
in two key problems of the traditional HASWT which limits SWT application very much.
Vertical Axis Small Wind Turbine (VASWT) is considered as a good solution to overcome the
noise nuisance of SWT application. Whereas, it is reported that VASWT has problems of either
failure of self-start or poor power performance. The industry is looking for a good VASWT to expand
market of SWT.

Biography
Jacken Chen is a founder and general manager of Hi-VAWT Technology Corporation
(Hi-VAWT), a company specializing in the design and manufacture of VASWT since January 2005.
The unique design of Hi-VAWTs VASWT accomplishes excellent low wind self-start and high power
efficiency. Hi-VAWT has been selling the products successfully in Europe, UK, Korea, Taiwan and
China; and is expecting to develop market sale in USA market starting year 2010.
Jacken Chen accomplished his bachelor degree of Chemical Engineer in 1979 at Tatung
University in Taiwan. He started his first job career in Taiwan as sale representative of Freon*
products for Dupont company. Many years later, Freon* products was under global control because
of ozone depletion problem; he established his own company involved in mechanical, electronic and
textile business for several years. In January 2005, Jacken decided to organize a company namely
Hi Energy Technology Co., Ltd. for R&D and production of VASWT. Later on, the company decided
to change company name as Hi-VAWT Technology Corporation in October 2009 in order to keep
away from any possible similar name conflicts with some other companies in USA and Italy.
The Breakthrough Of SWT
Presented By
Hi-VAWT Technology Corp.
CONTENTS
Company Profile
The Target Market Overview Of SWT
The Studies Of The Traditional SWT
Problem & The Appropriated Solution Of
Hi-VAWT
Global SWT Market Is Going To Takeoff
Hi-VAWT Applications
Company Profile
Of
Hi-VAWT Technology
Corp.
Company Goal
Living With Nature
Company Profile
Company Profile
|ompuny |;)ul;m;n) )unuu;y 20, 200o
|ompuny \um; h\}WT T;cnoogy |o;p,
|ompuny |ogo
|o;; hu;n;;; l;;gn , unufuc)u;; of \}SWT
|up)u lS$ 4,000,000 ly }p; 2009,
hu;n;;; );m l;;gn , unufuc)u;;
|u;;;n) |mpoy;; \uml;;
Tuwun )9 p;;;on;
|nu 2o P;;;on;
ProductionFactory
TaiwanLinkou
Function:R&D,Operation
center&Production
Factoryspace:1,250sqmeters
MonthlyProductionCapacity:
200setsDS3000
ChinaKunshan
Function:Massproduction
FactorySpace:7,000sqmeters
MonthlyProductionCapacity:
1,000setsDS3000
Joint Resources Efforts Of Taiwan
Approved by Taiwan government as national R&D support
project in government R&D aid of US$430,000
R&D Subject Joint University Professor Name
Power Controller
|nhwu
lnv;;;)y
Pun |nT;u
Generator Wong P;/;n
Air Dynamic Simulation
Taiwan Technical
University
Lin Hsien-Chun
Mechanical Simulation
Wind Tunnel Test &
System Integration
|;n|ung
lnv;;;)y
uu )unY;;
Government Industry Universities
The Target Market Overview
Of
SWT
Global LWT Grows Quickly
Global LWT Grows Quickly
}v;;ug; unnuu mu;;) g;ow) ;;uc;; ,2;
Oolu |WT mu;;) umoun) wu; u;ound lS$)o
lon; o; unnuu n;)u;d cupuc)y of )o,)97W
n y;u; 200b
Global Annual Installed Capacity of Wind Power
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Year
M
W
__ 1 ]_ [: 2 (__ 1)
Information From EWEA
Global PV Market Is Larger Than LWT
Global PV Market Is Larger Than LWT
}nnuu uv;;ug; mu;;) g;ow) ; u;ound ,o;
Oolu unnuu mu;;) umoun) ) lS$20 lon; o;
unnuu n;)u;d cupuc)y of 2,249W n y;u; 2007
Annual Installed Capacity of PV
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
M
W
p
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
EU Global
Information from EIPA
PV vs. WP
(Information from AWEA website)
Installe
d Cost
(US$/W)
Electricity
Cost
(US$/kWh)
Pay
back
Yrs
Potential
Cost Yr
2010
(US$/W)
Typical
Installation
Site
Current
Global
Market Size
(US$ billions)
LWT
0.9~1 0.035
Remote
Area
10
PV
6~8 0.61 25 3.0
Suburban 11
SWT
4~5 0 22 15 1 5
Rural 0.15
Power cost of SWT is 20 times more than LWT and 60% more
than SWT; but PV market is larger.
SWT market is only 1% around of PV
SWT is confined to use in rural area which market is small,
Why?
Centralized Power Concept
Power plant of billions watts power
generator operated by professional team.
Supply power through grid network which
is huge infrastructure investment
Nuclear and gas power plants are
traditional examples. LWT is the
representative example of clean energy.
Distributed Power Concept
Small scale power generator for self power supply and operated by amateur
people.
Power generator should get close to the user so as to reduce the power loss
during power transportation.
Diesel generator is an example of traditional power. PV and SWT are the
choices of clean energies.
Grid-tied wind power
Stand alone wind power
Distributed Power Trend Of PV
Distributed power has contributed more than 95% among
PV applications
Global Cumulative Installed PV
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
M
W
Off Grid Grid-tied Distributed Grid-tied Centralized
Information from EIPA
SWT Merits: Low cost of WP + Distributed Power of PV
2000kW
LWT:
Centralized Power
Plant
Low Cost
SWT: Middle Cost,
Middle Scale,
Distribution Power
High Cost
S
m
a
l
l

S
c
a
l
e
PV: Distributed
Power

_
^
L
a
r
g
e

S
c
a
l
e
Diesel Generator
1kW
S
m
a
l
l

S
c
a
l
e
Target Market Of SWT:1kW~100kW
The Studies Of
Traditional SWT Problems
&
The Appropriated Solutions
Of Hi-VAWT
SWT Market Is Small
Because Of HASWT
Design Fails to Fit
SWT Distributed
Power Application
Geographic Turbulence
Problem
Noise Nuisance
Turbulence Area
Wind
Downwind Upwind
HASWT Design Fails To Handle
Geographic Turbulence Problem Of SWT
Application
It is 45 (dB) even the HAWT is 300 meters away
Noisy Nuisance Of HASWT Makes It
Unacceptable for Suburban Installation
Europe applied 45dB noise standard started Jan. 2009; USA & Canada
will follow soon. Conventional HASWT is unable to fit the requirement
45dB Noise Limit For SWT
Is Becoming International Standard
HALWT
vs.
HASWT
Wind Direction Problem:
LWT is using anemometer to assure wind direction has been change and drive
servo motor to rotate wind turbine toward the correct wind direction. LWT is
not sensitive to the random wind direction change.
SWT designed with tail which expected to trace wind direction directly; but it
results that SWT has been too much sensitive to the random wind direction
change.
Noise Problem:
LWT is operating at rated 12~20 rpm; the noise is acceptable.
SWT is operation at rated 500~1,200 rpm; the comparatively high rotor speed
results in very high noise.
Technical Challenge of VASWT
--Low Wind Self-start + High Power Efficiency
Critical
Parts
Design
Challenge
Competition
Solution
Potential Problem
Rotor Low wind
Self-start
Clutch Expensive Design
Generator Extreme low
start up torque
Motoring Waste Energy
Conventional Solution for self-start
Failure Of Motoring Start In Japan
News Source : InterNet Daily News -
Mainichi Daily Newspaper, February 3rd,
2006
Citizen Group Requests An Audit for Unmoving Wind Turbine
Swaying Dream Project Ibaraki Prefecture
For the Tsukuba-Citys Mahoroba Project, which plans to install
totally 75 units of small typed wind power turbines in 52 elementary
and junior high schools in the city within 3years from the year 2004,
city group members stood up for making an audit request against the
Mayor Kenichi Ichihara calling for a reimbursement of the project
expense of pprox. 300million yen for the reason that such the sufficient
power generation as expected in the target will be hardly achieved.
Dream project which is said to have two ideal aspects of
environmental education and reduction of electricity consumption is
now widely swaying around.
After the investigation by the city group,
however, total generation while the turbines
operated from July to November last year was
only 103kWh, which is only 0.002%of the
planned 60,000kWh.
Sno |;c);c |o,, |)d,
|,| |o,, |)d,
Self-start Problem Of European VASWTs
Qu;);;vou)on.l| n;;d; 4,om.; wnd ;p;;d )o ;)u;)
kopu);c.)uy cung;d d;;gn
;n);;y n y;u; 2007
Tu;ly.ho,
hu; l;;n
unul; )o
cmm;;cu
); d;;gn
l;cuu;; of
;;f;)u;)
p;ol;m
North American
VASWTs Have
The Same Problem
Low Power Efficient Designs
Clean Field/Canada
using motoring start
SWT Market Is Expecting A Real Solution
HASWTs:
are going to face noise
problem regulated by
SWT Standard
Competition VASWTs:
are facing either self-
start problem or low
power efficiency
problem
Hi-VAWT Is Designed
To Fit SWT Application
Hi-VAWT Solution
Excellent Wind
Direction Adaptability:
fit to install at urban area
such as roof of mansion.
Comparative Silent:
no noisy problem.
Darrieus Blades
Savonius Blades
Low wind self-start
High efficiency
Genuine Self-start of Hi-Energy VAWT
Hybrid Blades Design of Rotor:
Low Wind Startup + High Wind Efficiency
Self start at 3m/s wind speed
Appropriated Hi-Energy PMG
-for genuine low wind self-start
Hi-Energy Coreless/Direct Drive PMG
Traditional PMG
needs motoring start
or high wind start
Global SWT Market
Is Going To Takeoff Right Now
WP Tu;g;) Ol |l
4 n Y;u; 2008 To ,0 ly Y;u; 20,0
EU Regulated 20% of the residential power should use renewable
energies by year 2020; both SWT and PV are encouraged.
How can we get away from petroleum energy?
SWT u;;) n l| hu; O;ow; n
}v;;ug; 2, Tm;; }nnuuy
hW|} fo;;cu;) b0 mon; h;); pound; ly y;u; 2009
S)u;)ng l;l, 2009, lS} l;d;;u gov;;nm;n) off;;; ,0 )u, ;;lu);
nc;n)v; fo; SWT, T; nc;n)v; p;og;um of SWT ; ;um; u; P\,
lS} SWT mu;;) g;;w ly 7, n y;u; 2008 und mu;;) ;u; wu;
lS$77 mon;; }W|} fo;;cu;); lS} SWT mu;;) w l;com; 20
)m;; lgg;; ly y;u; 20), o; lS$)b lon; unnuu ;u;,
SWT ;)undu;d ncudng no;; ;;guu)on w l; pul;;d n
u); )un; 2009 und ;ff;c)v; )o uppy n y;u; 20)2,
lS} u;;) O;ow; S);ongy
Japan SWT Market Research Done By Yano
Economic Research Report In Year 2005
SWT Japan Market Survey Summarization SWT Japan Market Survey Summarization
VASWT Will Replace HASWT
(Quantity unit: sets; Amount Unit: million Japanese Yen)
Year 2001 2005 2008
Quantity Amount Quantity Amount Quantity Amount
<500W 1961 953 5320 2859 10694 9775
500W~1kW 168 150 436 495 309 532
1kW~20kW 95 381 701 1216 2801 4020
Total 2224 1484 6459 4606 13804 14327
HASWT 2081 1112 5121 2637 9041 4909
VASWT 49 78 900 1291 3463 6876
Total Market: Average annual market growth is 40%
Design: VASWT sale was only 7% of HASWT in year 2001;
but VASWT sale will exceed 40% of HASWT by year 2008
Unit Price: VASWT is 3.67 times of HASWT
Hi-VAWT Applications
Hi-Energy VAWT
Product General Specifications
Product 300W 1.5kW 3kW 5kW 10kW
Dimen
sion (m)
A 1.24 2.8 4.0 5.5 7.0
B 1.0 3.2 4.5 6.2 7.7
Generator Direct Drive, Coreless PMG, Out rotor type
Converter
/Inverter
Stand alone battery
storage system
Dynamic grid
connected system
Cut in WS <3m/s Cut out WS 15m/s
Rated WS 12m/s Survival WS 60m/s
Black is commercial available; Blue is to be available in year 2008
Hybrid Street
Lamp System
,00W(WP;+8oW(P\;+||l
2008/04 , TSMC, Taiwan
Hybrid Street Lamp System
,00W(WP;+8oW(P\;+||l ump
2009/9,KunsanCity 2009/9,KunsanCity ,China ,China
DS300 For Fishing Boat
2009/4, Wen-Zhou, China
Battery banks
International Funds
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DS300 For Off-grid Families
300W(WP)+200W(PV)inGan 300W(WP)+200W(PV)inGan SuChina SuChina
Off-grid Farmer
Ventilation Fan WP Recovery
LCD Manufacturer, AUI, Taiwan
400W Gird-tied Wind Power Recovery System
DS1500/DS3000 Roof Installation
2008/11, Taiwan
2008/12, Hong Kong
DS1500 High Building Installation
2009/2, Japan
lS,000 lo; ;ou);d ;und
2007/11, Green Island Taiwan
1.5kW(WP)+1.5kW(PV)
Telecom Station
2009/4SKTKorea 2009/4SKTKorea
300W(WP)+200W(PV)
,00W(WP;+8oW(P\;
on)o;ng Sy;);m
2009/2IncheonWaterSupplyCorp.,Korea 2009/2IncheonWaterSupplyCorp.,Korea
DS3000 For Residential Power
2008.)0, Sum;ung |on;);uc)on |o;;u
DS3000 For Resorting Hotel
2008/4, India
Sightseeing Village
2009/2, Parking Lot, Taiwan 2008/10, Highway, Taiwan
2009/7, Germany
Advertising Board
2009.9, ho;)on lS}
lS,000 O;d);d n Scoo
DS3000 Grid-tied in Factory
2009/6, Dallas USA
P;oduc) koudmup
DS300
DS1500
DS3000
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Patent Status
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Pow;; luc)o; |on);o \;w Typ;
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Green color for patented items; black color for patent pending items
Patent pending since April 2008 in USA, Germany, UK, India and Korea
Thank You
For The
Attention