EXTENDED TOP CHORDS AND OUTRIGGERS H-SERIES

Outriggers and Extended Top Chords

Outriggers are extensions to the top chords of joists for the support of overhanging roofs. They consist of separate members attached to the joists in the shop. In case of short overhangs and moderate loads, the top chord may be extended.

EXTENDED TOP CHORD

ONE-CHANNEL OUTRIGGER TWO-CHANNEL OUTRIGGER

INSPECTION AND TESTING OF BETHSPAN COLD-FORMED JOISTS

To insure that all Bethspan joists (cold formed chords) are of the same high quality, a comprehensive inspection and test program is used. This program, which is as thorough as commercial production will allow, is implemented through the following procedures : 1. Samples of chord sections are tested to determine the presence of required physical properties. 2. Conformance to dimensional standards, proper centering of webs on chords, weld appearance, etc., are assured by a visual inspection on each joist as it is being assembled. 3. A manual test on nearly 30 per cent of all welds provides a quick preliminary check on weld quality during the assembly operation. 4. Finally, and very important, four per cent of our joist production (one joist out of every 25) is machine-tested to insure that all welds meet the specifications for joint strength as approved by the Steel Joist Institute and the American Institute of Steel Construction. It is our machine testing procedure which enables Bethlehem to claim the manufacture of one of the finest joists in the industry. Our quality control serves two important functions. First, it insures that the quality expected of automatic welders is being constantly maintained. And second, because of the testing frequency, substandard welding becomes evident in time to make adjustments on the welders, and repair defective joists before shipments are released.

Test Procedure
Upon selecting and placing a joist for machine testing, a predetermined horizontal shearing force is applied at each interior* panel point where a resistance weld joins the chord and web members. Two welds are tested simultaneously. The amount of force applied varies with the section being tested. However, the force equals at least two times the theoretical shear strength of the most critical weld in the particular joist being tested. If any weld is unable to resist this force, it is considered substandard and the joist is set aside for

B E T H L E H E M LONGSPAN AND DEEP LONGSPAN STEEL JOISTS

LJ- AND LH-SERIES
Bethlehems LJ- and LH-Series joists are now being made using tee sections for both top and bottom chord members. The results are a clean, uncluttered appearance and lower maintenance costs since effective field painting is simplified. These tee-chord longspan joists are lightweight Warrentype steel trusses. The web system consists of a combination of single and double angles which are welded to the chords. These joists meet SJI and AlSC design specifications. Bethlehem LJ- and LH-Series joists are furnished with parallel or pitched chords and with top- or bottombearing ends. The standard depth of bearing for longspan joists (top bearing) is 5 in. Drops other than the standard aflect the carrying capacities and special design and fabrication are necessary. Carrying capacity is determined by the depth at the middle of the clear span, which is the nominal depth of the joist.

RISE OR DROP OF TOP CHORD

ft ft 82 Itire or Drop in.

Parallel Chords
Parallel-chord LJ- and LH-Series joists can be furnished with any combination of top- or bottombearing ends.

62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80

84 86 88 90 92 94 96

5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 6

Pitched Chords
Bethlehem LJ- and LH-Series joists can be supplied with the top chord sloping in one direction or sloping in both directions from the midpoint to provide for roof drainage. Pitched-chord LJ- and LH-Series joists are available in any combination of top- or bottom-bearing ends. They are made with the same number of panels as the corresponding parallel-chord joists. The standard slope of the top chord is /s in. per ft. The total rise or drop of top chord measured at midspan for spans from 22 to 96 ft is given in the table.

CAMBER
All LJ- and LH-Series joists are cambered in accordance with the following:
Top Chord Length ft-in. Approx Camber in. Top Chord Length ft-in. Approx Camber Ill.

30-o 40.0 50-O 60-O

% % 1% 1%

70-O 80-O 90-o 96.0

2% 2% 3% 4

BLJ- AND BLH-SERIES

Bethlehems BLJ- and BLH-Series Deep Longspan joists are available in 52, 56, and 60 inch depths and lengths up to 120 feet. Tee sections are used for both top and bottom chord members. The web system consists of a combination of single and double angles which are welded to the chords. Design and unit stresses of the Deep Longspans are in accordance with SJI and AISC specifications for LJand LH-Series joists. However, the sizes of Deep Longspans are beyond the scope of SJl and AISC load tables. Therefore, special load tables have been developed. These begin on page 32. The total safe load carrying capacities of BLJ and BLH joists shown in the load tables are based on uniformly distributed loads. Concentrated loads should be introduced at panel points to avoid local bending stresses. Where concentrated loads are involved, special analysis should be made to ensure against overstressing. Assistance is available from Bethlehem in making this analysis. All BLJ- and BLH-Series joists can be fabricated with square ends or underslung. All joist depths are designated by the depth at the center of the span.

CAMBER
BLJ- and BLH-Series joists are cambered in accordance with the following:
Top Chord Length (fQ Approx Camber (in.)

90 96 100 110 120

3% 4 4% 5 6

SPECIFICATIONS FOR BETHLEHEM JOISTS

Scope-The contractor shall furnish and install all material to complete the open-web steel joist framing as shown on the drawings or as specified herein. Material shall include joists, bridging, anchors, and headers. The following shall be considered as separate items: centering, temperature reinforcing in concrete slabs over joists, loose or continuous bearing plates and anchor bolts for same, loose framing at overhangs, and steel framing between joists not to exceed joist spacing. Joists shall be Bethlehem steel joists-J-, H-, LJ-, LH-, BLJ-, or BLH-Series. The steel shall conform to one of the ASTM spccifications of latest adoption designated in the SJl and AISC specifications. J- and H-Series joists shall receive a shop coat of protective paint before shipment. Cold-formed joists shall be primed with a red oxide paint. Hot-rolled joists shall be primed with black asphalt paint. LJ-, LH-, BLJ- and BLH-Series joists shall receive a shop coat of zinc-chromate primer before shipment. Design of J-, H-, LJ- and LH-Series steel joists shall conform to the latest SJI and AISC r e q u i r e m e n t s . BLJ- and BLH-Series joists shall conform to the latest SJI and AISC requirements for LJ- and LHSeries joists. Joists are designed to support their full design load when the top chord is stayed laterally by the slab or roof deck. The weight of partitions which extend across joists must be included in the design load. Where partitions occur parallel to joists, there shall be at least one typical joist provided under each such partition and more than one such joist shall be provided if necessary to safely support the weight of such partition and the adjacent floor less the live load on a strip of floor one foot in width. Span-The clear span of joists shall not exceed 24 times their depth except that for floors the clear span of H-Series joists shall not exceed 20 times their depth. Spacing-Joists shall be spaced such that the loading on each joist does not exceed the allowable load given for the particular designation and span in the load tables. Joist spacing shall be compatible with slab design requirements. Location-In wall-bearing construction, the clear distance between end wall and first joist shall be approximately 4 in. for J- and H-Series, and 6 in. for
LJ-, LH-, BLJ-, and BLH-Series joists. In steel frame construction, if beam and joist are at the same elevation: the first joist shall be a full space from spandrel or wall beam. Joists shall be a full space from tie beams, where the tic beams have the same elevation as the joists and a moment of inertia and resisting m o m e n t n o t less than that of the joists. Where partitions occur parallel to joists, an extra joist shall be placed under such partitions, if necessary to support the additional load.

Bearing-Where joists rest on masonry or concrete supports, the length of bearing shall be not less than 4 in. for J- and H-Series and 6 in. for LJ-, LH-, BLJ-, and BLH-Series joists. Where joists rest on steel supports, the length of bearing shall be not less than 255 in. for J- and H-Series, and 4 in. for LJ-, LH-, BLJ-, and BLHSeries joists. Where opposite joists butt over a narrow steel support and positive attachment is provided by welding or bolting, a shorter bearing length may be used, if permissible stresses are not exceeded. Anchors-J- and H-Series joists. Ends of every third floor joist and every roof joist which rest on masonry walls shall be anchored thereto with an anchor equivalent to a s/s-in. steel bar at least 8 in. long. In roofs where there is no parapet to hold down the joists, two r/z-in. round anchor bolts or other equal means shall be used in lieu of the s/s-in. steel bar anchor. Ends of every joist resting on steel supports shall be anchored thereto with one */i-in. bolt or two welds I in. long. LJ-, LH-, BLJ-, and BLH-Series joists. Ends of every joist which rests on masonry walls shall be anchored thereto with an anchor equivalent to a s-in. round steel bar not less than 12 in. long. In roofs where there is no parapet to hold down the joists, two +&-in. anchor bolts or other equal means shall be used in lieu of the s/4-in. steel bar anchor. Ends of every joist resting on steel supports shall be anchored thereto with two bolts or welds. Bridging shall be installed before construction loads are placed upon the joists. Ends of all bridging lines terminating at walls or beams shall be anchored thereto. Bridging for J- and H-Series joists shall consist of continuous horizontal members not less than r/t-in. round, one at top chord and one at bottom chord,

attached by welding. The I/r between connections shall not exceed 300. Bridging lines shall be located as follows:
Span I Number

Camber-All LJ-, LH-, BLJ-, and BLH-Series joists shall be cambered. Inspection-All steel joists shall be inspected by the manufacturer before shipment to assure that materials and workmanship conform to the requirements of these specifications. The manufacturer shall provide access to his shop for outside inspection if required. Handling and Erection-Joists shall be unloaded carefully from truck or car and stacked either by hand or crane. Dumping on the ground shall not be permitted. Hoisting cables shall be attached to the top chord of LJ-, LH-, BLJ-, and BLH-Series joists at panel points nearest the third points of the span, and shall not be released until the bridging line nearest midspan is installed for spans up to 60 feet, until two bridging lines ncarcst the third points arc installed for spans of over 60 feet up to 90 feet, or three bridging lines nearest the quarter points are installed for spans over 90 feet; and the ends of bottom-bearing joists have been restrained laterally. Excessive concentrated loads shall be avoided during the construction period. Such loads shall be so distributed that the capacity of the joist is not exceeded.

of Lines of Bridging

up to 14 ft Over 14 to 21 ft Over 21 to 32 ft Over 32 to 40 ft Over 40 to 48 ft

One line near middle of span Two lines at +j points of span Three lines at 5/4 points of span Four lines at l/s points of span Five lines at I/ points of span

For LJ-, LH-, BLJ-, and BLH-Series joists, bridging shall consist of bolted cross-bracing composed of not less than 1 x x 1% x in. angles. The l/r between / connections shall not exceed 200. The maximum spacing of bridging lines shall be:
Chord Size (final digits of Joist Designation) 02 to 08 incl. 09 to 14 incl. I5 to 19 incl 20 to 22 incl. Maximum Spacing of Lines of Bridging (feet) 11 16 21 26

Centering for poured concrete floor and roof slabs shall be Bethlehem Slabform, which shall be furnished either unpainted or galvanized as required, and shall be attached to every joist at intervals not exceeding the cover width of sheets, in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.

PROTECTIVE PAINT ON BETHLEHEM JOISTS

All Bethlehem joists are coated with protective paint prior to shipping. Paints used for the various types of joists have been standardized and all paints conform to Steel Structure Painting Council Specification 15-66T. J- and H-Series cold-formed joists (Bethspan) are electrostatically sprayed with a red oxide shop coat. J- and H-Series hot-rolled joists are dipped in black asphalt paint. LJ- and LH-Series Iongspan joists and BLJ- and BLH-Series deep longspan joists are sprayed with a red zinc chromate primer.

FIRE RESISTANCE OF BETHLEHEM STEEL JOISTS

The following fire ratings are the result of tests made in accordance with ASTM Standard Ell9. These tests were conducted in nationally recognized testing laboratories. In addition to these constructions there are numerous other floor and roof assemblies which have been tested. Complete lists of these tests are published by the National Board of Fire Underwriters and the Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. (1) ONE-HOUR OR ONE-AND-ONE-HALF HOUR FIRE RESISTANCE (a) Top Slab: 2 in. reinforced concrete, or 2 in. pre-cast reinforced gypsum tile. Ceiling: 3/4 in. Portland cement or sanded gypsum plaster on expanded metal lath. (b)2 Top Slab: 2 in. reinforced concrete. Ceiling: 5/s in. UL listed gypsum board. (2) TWO-HOUR FlRE RESlSTANCE (a) Top Slab: 21/ in. reinforced concrete, or 2 in. reinforced gypsum tile with i/4 in. mortar finish. Ceiling: 2/4 in. sanded gypsum plaster on expanded metal lath. (b)a Top Slab: 2 in. reinforced concrete. Ceiling: sg in. UL listed acoustical tile. (c)a Roof Deck: 1 in. non-combustible insulation board over 18-22 gage steel roof deck. Ceiling: 7/s in. vermiculite plaster on expanded metal lath. (3) THREE-HOUR FIRE RESISTANCE Top Slab: 2ih in. reinforced concrete, or 2 in. reinforced gypsum tile with i/ in. mortar finish. Ceiling: 1 in. gypsum plaster, or 3/4 in. gypsumvermiculite plaster on expanded metal lath. (4)r FOUR-HOUR FIRE RESISTANCE Top Slab: 2i/2 in. reinforced concrete, or 2 in. reinforced gypsum tile with /z in. mortar finish.
Ceiling: 1 in. gypsum-vermiculite plaster on expanded

metal lath.

1, Fire Resistance Classifications of Building Constructions, National Bureau of Standards Report BMS92, 1942. 2. Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., Design No. 2-I HR. 3. Underwriters Laboratones,In:,, Design No. 31-2 HR. 4. Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., Design No. RCI-2 HR.

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR HANDLING AND ERECTION OF BETHLEHEM JOISTS

Arrival-Check quantities against shipping notice
and notify carrier of any shortages. Check condition of material and notify carrier of any damage. Report defects or shortages immediately. Be sure you have latest placing plans. Unloading-Handle joists with care. Do not dump off trucks. Unload by hand, or crane with slings through bend of middle web, at third points of chord. Use blocking if necessary to prevent local buckling of chord. If transferring from car to truck, use long truck to prevent excessive overhang. Storing-Near area where they will be used, place joists vertically on blocking with tags all on one end. Cover joists to protect paint if they will be stored for any length of time. Erection-Place joists by hand, or crane with slings through bend of middle web, at third points of chord. When erecting longspans, do not release cables until the line of bridging nearest midspan is installed for spans up to 60 feet, until two lines nearest third points are installed for spans of over 60 feet to 90 feet, or until three lines nearest quarter points arc installed for spans over 90 feet, and the ends of bottom bearing joists have been restrained laterally. Install all bridging and secure all ends of joists before applying any construction loads. Joists are not capable of supporting their full design load until the top chord is stayed laterally by the floor slab or roof deck. The attachment of the slab or deck shall be sufficient to provide this lateral stability and spacing of attachments shall not exceed 36 in. Construction Loads-Do not pile material on bare joists. Use 2-inch planks for light concrete buggy runways. Do not roll heavy buggies over joists. After slab is set, area over beams and near walls supporting joists are preferable for temporary light load storage. Distribute loads well and do not overload. Centering for Concrete (Must provide for lateral stability) Slabform-See Slabform erection drawing. Pipes and Conduits-Use space through webs. DO NOT cut any part of any chord or web members. Field Discrepancies-If any joist or accessory cannot be erected according to placing plans, we should be notified immediately. We cannot be responsible for any held repairs or changes made without our consent.