Feudalism: You have two cows. Your lord takes some of the milk.

Pure Socialism: You have two cows. The government takes them and puts them in a barn with everyone else s cows. You have to take care of all the cows. The governm ent gives you all the milk you need. Bureaucratic Socialism: Your cows are cared for by ex-chicken farmers. You have to take care of the chickens the government took from the chicken farmers. The g overnment gives you as much milk and eggs the regulations say you should need. Fascism: You have two cows. The government takes both, hires you to take care of them, and sells you the milk. Pure Communism: You have two cows. Your neighbors help you take care of them, an d you all share the milk. Real World Communism: You share two cows with your neighbors. You and your neigh bors bicker about who has the most ability and who has the most need . Meanwhile, no one works, no one gets any milk, and the cows drop dead of starvation. Russian Communism: You have two cows. You have to take care of them, but the gov ernment takes all the milk. You steal back as much milk as you can and sell it o n the black market. Perestroika: You have two cows. You have to take care of them, but the Mafia tak es all the milk. You steal back as much milk as you can and sell it on the free ma rket. Cambodian Communism: You have two cows. The government takes both and shoots you . Militarianism: You have two cows. The government takes both and drafts you. Totalitarianism: You have two cows. The government takes them and denies they ev er existed. Milk is banned. Pure Democracy: You have two cows. Your neighbors decide who gets the milk. Representative Democracy: You have two cows. Your neighbors pick someone to tell you who gets the milk. British Democracy: You have two cows. You feed them sheeps brains and they go mad . The government doesn t do anything. Bureaucracy: You have two cows. At first the government regulates what you can f eed them and when you can milk them. Then it pays you not to milk them. Then it takes both, shoots one, milks the other and pours the milk down the drain. Then it requires you to fill out forms accounting for the missing cows. Pure Anarchy: You have two cows. Either you sell the milk at a fair price or you r neighbors try to take the cows and kill you. Pure Capitalism: You have two cows. You sell one and buy a bull. Capitalism: You don t have any cows. The bank will not lend you money to buy cows, because you don t have any cows to put up as collateral. Enviromentalism: You have two cows. The government bans you from milking or kill ing them. Political Correctness: You are associated with (the concept of ownership is a symb ol of the phallo-centric, war mongering, intolerant past) two differently aged ( but no less valuable to society) bovines of non-specified gender. Surrealism: You have two giraffes. The government requires you to take harmonica lessons. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Some Contribution From Verbal part...!! I found this very useful Regarding FIJ Questions FACTS, INFERENCES AND JUDGEMENTS FACTS: 1. 2. They can be verified or discovered Applicable to all Universal truths.

3. 4. n will 5. fact.

Anything that is seen, heard or read is a fact. Anyone else s opinion stated by the author is a fact. (The personal opinio become a judgement) Figures, Statistics or other data without an opinion attached to it is a ( with an opinion attached becomes an inference).

INFERENCES: 1. A logical conclusion based on a set of facts. (Logical conclusion meanin g, anyone seeing those set of facts should be able to arrive at that.) 2. Change the facts and the conclusion will no longer be valid. 3. Inferences are self-explanatory. It tells you why . (If you have a statemen t which looks like an inference and you form a why question on it, you should be a ble to get an answer. If you don t, it will become a Judgement.) 4. An inference is an opinion that doesn t change according to perspective. 5. If the set of sentences given to you are connected, you can only do UPLI NKING to decide that a statement as an inference. Meaning You should have the fa cts preceeding this statement. If the facts are provided as the next statements it cannot be an inference. It will be a judgement. Ex: A. X is a good student when it comes to attendance. B. X attends college regularly. In this example, statement A is a judgement, statement B is a fact. If you change the order like below A. X attends college regularly. B. X is a good student when it comes to attendance. In this case A is a fact and B is an inference. 6. One fact can lead to multiple inferences. 7. Inference will have verbal bridges with facts ( words like leads to, poi nts to, indicates, shows, explains, expresses) 8. A cause and effect relation ship can be termed as an inference. 9. A statement backed up by an example in the same sentence will be an infe rence. JUDGEMENTS: 1. Any statement that could lead to an approval or disapproval. 2. It is the author s personal opinion. 3. It is open to challenge. 4. It doesn t tell you why. ( see point 3 of inference for clarity) 5. It changes according to perspective. A fact or an inference or a judgement will be as per the above mentioned rules b ut it is not mandatory that each satisfies all the conditions. Some examples: -Rahul says that he likes federer s back hand. FACT (Someone else s opinon) -I like federer s back hand JUDGEMENT (Author s opinon) -Galloping real estate prices and hardening interest rates mean difficult times for the great Indian middle class. INFERENCE ( Notice the verbal bridge mean) -The maharastra government seems to have developed a sweet tooth having pumped i n hundreds of crores to sugarcane, the cash starved government is now set to hel p mango. INFERENCE ( maharastra government has developed sweet tooth.. why? You get an answer) -The current season is likely to see the output drop to less than 3 lakh tonnes. JUDGEMENT ( the phrase is likely means the author s opinon. And doesn t tell why th e output is going to drop) -The Clinton camp feels that the attack was largely an act of nervousness on the part of senator obama s camp because senator Clinton was ahead in the opinon poll s to win the democratic nomination to run the president. FACT (the phrase the Cl

inton cam feels we can verify whether Clinton camp feels so or not) A- The rise of Indian currency will impact exporters adversely FACT (rise of cur rency will always impact exporters adversely universal truth) B- Exporters will need to consider how to protect their operating margins- INFER ENCE (by uplinking) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Confusing words

3. grisly/ grizzlyGrizzly is a bear- Grizzly bear. Grisly is an adjective meaning causing a shudder or feeling of horror; horrible; gr uesome: a grisly murder. 4. naval/navel naval is an adjective meaning: 1. of or pertaining to ships of all kinds: naval architecture; naval engineer. 2. belonging to, pertaining to, or connected with a navy: naval affairs. Navel is a noun meaning bellybutton or the central point or middle of any thing or place 5.incredulous/ incredible Incredulous is an adjective meaning 1. Skeptical; disbelieving: incredulous of stories about flying saucers. 2. Expressive of disbelief: an incredulous stare. Incredible is an adjective meaning 1. So implausible as to elicit disbelief: gave an incredible explanation of the cause of the accident. 2. Astonishing: dressed with incredible speed.

6. appraise/ apprise apprise is a verb (used with object), meaning to give notice to; inform; advise (often fol. by of): to be apprised of the death of an old friend. appraise is a verb (used without an object), meaning 1. To evaluate, especially in an official capacity. We had an expert appraise th e house before we bought it. 2. To estimate the quality, amount, size, and other features of; judge. He tried to appraise the poetry of John Updike. 7. bought/ brought

bought- buy brought- bring 8. amend/ emend: Emend means to improve by critical editing: emend a faulty text. Amend is a verb (used with object), meaning to alter, modify, rephrase, or add to or subtract from (a motion, bill, constitu tion, etc.) by formal procedure: Congress may amend the proposed tax bill. to change for the better; improve: to amend one's ways. 9. isle/ aisle Isle is noun meaning small island. Aisle is a noun meaning a walkway between or along sections of seats in a theate r, classroom, or the like. 10. eery/ aerie eerie is an adjective meaning uncanny, so as to inspire superstitious fear; weir d: an eerie midnight howl. aerie is a noun meaning 1. the nest of a bird of prey, as an eagle or a hawk. 2. a house, fortress, or the like, located high on a hill or mountain. 11. adjoin/ adjourn adjoin is a verb (used with object) meaning 1. to be close to or in contact with; abut on: His property adjoins the lake. adjourn is verb (used with object) meaning 1. to suspend the meeting of (a club, legislature, committee, etc.) to a future time, another place, or indefinitely: to adjourn the court. 2. to defer or postpone to a later time: They adjourned the meeting until the fo llowing Monday. 12. arc/ ark Arc is anything that is bow shaped. Ark is a noun meaning 1. (sometimes initial capital letter) Also called Noah's Ark. the large boat bui lt by Noah in which he saved himself, his family, and a pair of every kind of creature during the Flood. Gen. 6 9. 2. Also called ark of the covenant. a chest or box containing the two stone tabl ets inscribed with the Ten Commandments, carried by the Israelites in their wanderings in the desert after the Exodus: the most sacred object of the tabernacle and the Temple in Jerusalem, where it was kept in the h oly of holies. 3. a place of protection or security; refuge; asylum. 13. allusion/ illusion allusion is a noun meaning 1. a passing or casual reference; an incidental mention of something, either dir ectly or by implication: an

allusion to Shakespeare. illusion is a noun meaning 1. An erroneous perception of reality. 2. The condition of being deceived by a false perception or belief. 14. consecutive/ concurrent consecutive is an adjective meaning 1. following one another in uninterrupted succession or order; successive: six c onsecutive numbers, such as 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. 2. marked by logical sequence. concurrent is an adjective meaning 1. occurring or existing simultaneously or side by side: concurrent attacks by l and, sea, and air. 2. acting in conjunction; cooperating: the concurrent efforts of several legisla tors to pass the new law.

15. emigrate/ immigrate emigrate is a verb (used without object) meaning to leave one country or region to settle in another; migrate: to emigrate from I reland to Australia. immigrate is a verb (used without object) to come to a country of which one is not a native, usually for permanent residen ce. 16. disinterested/ uninterested Disinterested and uninterested share a confused and confusing history. Disintere sted was originally used to mean not interested, indifferent ; uninterested in its earliest use meant impartial. By various developmental twists, disinterested is now used in both senses. Uninterested is used mainly in the sense not interested, indifferent. It is occasionally used to mean not having a personal or property interest. Many object to the use of disinterested to mean not interested, indifferent. They insist that disinterested can mean only impartial : A disinterested observer is the best judge of behavior. Howev er, both senses are well established in all varieties of English, and the sense intended is almost always clear from the context. 17. illicit/ elicit elicit is used as a verb (used with object) to draw or bring out or forth; educe; evoke: to elicit the truth; to elicit a re sponse with a question. illicit is an adjective meaning not legally permitted or authorized; unlicensed; unlawful.

18. denote/ connote Denote and connote are often confused because both words have senses that entail signification. Denote means "to signify directly or literally" and describes the relation between the word and the thing it conventionally names. Connote means "to signify indirectly, suggest or imply" and describes the relation between the word and the images or associations it evokes. Thus, the word river denotes a moving body of water and may connote such things as the relentlessness of time and the changing nature of life. 19. cask/casque cask is a noun meaning 1. a container made and shaped like a barrel, esp. one larger and stronger, for holding liquids. 2. the quantity such a container holds: wine at 32 guineas a cask. casque is a noun meaning 1. an open, conical helmet with a nose guard, commonly used in the medieval peri od. 2. any helmet-shaped head covering. 20. axil/ axle axil is the angle between the upper side of a leaf or stem and the stem or branc h that supports it. A bud is usually found in the axil. axle is the pin, bar, shaft, or the like, on which or by means of which a wheel or pair of wheels rotates. 21. acetic/ ascetic acetic is an adjective meaning pertaining to, derived from, or producing vinegar or acetic ascetic is 1. a person who dedicates his or her life to a pursuit of contemplative ideals a nd practices extreme self-denial or self-mortification for religious reasons. 2. a person who leads an austerely simple life, esp. one who abstains from the n ormal pleasures of life or denies himself or herself material satisfaction.

22. troupe/troop troupe is a company, band, or group of singers, actors, or other performers, esp . one that travels about. troop means 1. an assemblage of persons or things; company; band. 2. a great number or multitude: A whole troop of children swarmed through the mu seum. 23. continuous/continual:

Although usage guides generally advise that continual may be used only to mean in termittent and continuous only to mean uninterrupted, the words are used interchangeably in all k inds of speech and writing with no distinction in meaning: The President's life is under continual (or continuous) scrutiny. Continuous (or continual) bursts of laughter punctuated her testimony. The adver bs continually and continuously are also used interchangeably. To make a clear distinction between what occurs at short intervals and what proceeds without interruption, writers s ometimes use the contrasting terms intermittent (intermittent losses of power during the storm) and uninterrupted (uninterrupted reception during the storm) or similar expressions. Continuous is not interchangeable with continual in the sense of spatial relationship: a continuous (not continual) series of passages. 24. principal/principle The noun principle and the noun and adjective principal are often confused. Alth ough pronounced alike, the words are not interchangeable in writing. A principle is broadly a rule of action or conduct (His overriding principle is greed) or a fundamental doctrine or tenet (Their principles do not pe rmit the use of alcoholic beverages). The adjective principal has the general sense chief, first, foremost : My principal objection is the cost of the project. The noun principal has among other meanings the head or dire ctor of a school (The faculty supported the principal in her negotiations with the board) and a capital sum, as distinguished from interest or profit (The monthly payments go mostly for interest, leaving the prin cipal practically untouched). 25. plaintive/plaintiff plaintive is an adjective meaning expressing sorrow or melancholy; mournful: a p laintive melody. plaintiff is a a person who brings suit in a court. 26. ordnance/ordinance ordinance means an authoritative decree or law; especially : a municipal regulat ion. ordnance is military materiel, such as weapons, ammunition, combat vehicles, and equipment. 27. arrant/ errant arrant is an adjective meaning downright; thorough; unmitigated; notorious: an a rrant fool. errant is an adjective meaning 1. deviating from the regular or proper course; erring; straying. 2. journeying or traveling, as a medieval knight in quest of adventure; roving a dventurously. 3. moving in an aimless or lightly changing manner: an errant breeze. 28. eminent/imminent eminent is an adjective meaning

1. high in station, rank, or repute; prominent; distinguished: eminent statesmen . 2. conspicuous, signal, or noteworthy: eminent fairness. 3. lofty; high: eminent peaks. imminent is an adjective meaning 1. likely to occur at any moment; impending: Her death is imminent. 2. projecting or leaning forward; overhanging. 29. doer/dour dour is an adjective meaning 1. sullen; gloomy: The captain's dour look depressed us all. 2. severe; stern: His dour criticism made us regret having undertaken the job. doer is a person or thing that does something, esp. a person who gets things don e with vigor and efficiency. 30. dissent/descent dissent is a verb (used without object) meaning 1. to differ in sentiment or opinion, esp. from the majority; withhold assent; d isagree (often fol. by from): Two of the justices dissented from the majority decision. descent means the fact or process of coming down or being derived from a source: a paper tracing the descent of the novel from old picaresque tales. 31. credible/credulous Credible is widely but incorrectly used where credulous would be appropriate. Cr edulous means "believing too readily" or "gullible," as in He was credulous (not credible) enough to believe the manufacturer's claims. Cr edible means capable of being believed; believable: a credible statement. 32. definite/definitive Definite and definitive both apply to what is precisely defined or explicitly se t forth. But definitive most often refers specifically to a judgment or description that serves as a standard or re ference point for others, as in the definitive decision of the court (which sets forth a final resolution of a j udicial matter) or the definitive biography of Nelson (that is, the biography that sets the standard against which all other accounts of Nelson's life must be measured). 33. discrete/discreet discrete means 1. apart or detached from others; separate; distinct: six discrete parts. 2. consisting of or characterized by distinct or individual parts; discontinuous . discreet is an adjective meaning 1. judicious in one's conduct or speech, esp. with regard to respecting privacy or maintaining silence about something of a delicate nature; prudent; circumspect. 2. showing prudence and circumspection; decorous: a discreet silence.

34. creek/creak Creek is a stream or channel in a coastal marsh. creak is a verb (used without object) meaning to make a sharp, harsh, grating, o r squeaking sound. 35. expiate/expatiate expatiate Verb: Speak or write at length or in detail. expiate to make ammends for a guilt or a sin