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Indian vs Mayan Ramanujan vs Feynman

Dr Suvarna Nalapat snalapat@yahoo.com http://drsuvarnanalapattrust.org

I am not a trained Mathematician .Neither am I a trained Archeoastronomer or Astronomer. My interest in these subjects and the contributions I made to these fields in Malayalam Language and Literature , therefore is a surprise even to myself. It came as a natural interest in the subjects , perpetuated and influenced by the library of my granduncle born in the same year as Srinivasa Ramanujam , two months elder to him chronologically. . I sometimes feel that the knowledge came to me , through an unknown power which opened my eyes towards the grand and beautiful secrets of nature . Jyothisha or knowledge of Astronomy has been always the Vedanethra (eye of vedic wisdom) for my ancestors , the Indians. Three thousand years before Christ , what were our ancestors in India doing, thinking and teaching ? The vedic Indians had a Gnan Choupad or Leela which is a play as well as a method of wisdom taught to the children. It had 72 small squares. From left to right there were nine squares . From below to above there were eight squares. The nine squares represent the body with nine doors, and the solar system with nine Graha . Graha are not translatable as planets . In Sanskrit a graham means that which makes cognition possible. That by which we are able to cognize the world in which we live .The process of cognition is called Grahana ( now translated in English as Eclipse , which is a very feeble expression of the word) . The eight squares represent the Mandala or fields of consciousness through which each individual living thing has to pass through to attain the most perfect state of wisdom.Thus the cosmos , the living body are included in the divinity and its manifold expressions as threads crisscrossing in a cloth. If we add numbers in this Gnan choupad , from below upwards, we will always get 292. The magicality of the square contains a play, poetry,aesthetics of music and mathematical wisdom . The number 292 multiplied by Dasa (10) gives eight revolutionary periods of earth as well as five revolutionary periods of Venus (Sukra). In 15 of such periods we get the revolutionary periods of sani (Saturn) and Vyazha (Jupiter ) also. 365 X 8= 2920 584 X 5=2920( 584 is the venus year)

2 2920 X 15 =43800 ( which includes Jupiter periods) 43800 being 4 times 10950 includes the Saturn periods also. For any Bindu (point) in space which gets a parispanda ( change in position) of one degree in 72.2 years , in 25992 years after 360 degree parispanda , the original position can be attained. For a point that gets similar parispanda in 76 years the time taken for this will be 27360 years. The mean of these two is 26676. The concept of movement of Ayanabindu ( the point that travels in space) as 26000 came out of this mathematical knowledge and actual observation for a minimum of 26000 years. This is possible through several generations of teachers and students , and not by a single individual. The movement of earth, in relation to sun,moon,stars, the movement of a large comet (which we now call Halleys ) are thus incorporated to use the squareroot of time (Vargamoola of Kaala) to calculate the Ayanamsa . If we divide a Golakshethra ( a temple or area which is spherical) into ashtakon ( octagon) and draw eight petals and make each of the petal into a rectangle each is a cube with 72 sides. 8 X9= 72 squares in the Leela or Gnan choupad , thus are not really squares but cubes. One must understand that the knowledge of spherical geometry exists in division of globe as a golakshethra . In Kerala , the cavemen of Thovary Hills knew how to do this mathematic calculation , as I have demonstrated from the cave paintings a few years back. I read the biography of Richard Feynman only in 1997 .This was published in 1989 by Bantam Books . The observations of this Nobel laureate about Mayan civilization attracted me because of its archeoastronomical connotations as well as its comparative importance with Indian Mathematical wisdom and archeoastronomy.The observations Feynman made are as follows : 1. 2. 3. 4. Mayans divide number 584 into four smaller numbers which are 236; 90; 250 and 8. They give the multiplication tables of 2920 upto 13 . They use the table of 11959 days to predict lunar eclipse. The fact that Mayans use 584 as Venus revolutionary period instead of the correct figure 583.923 was first considered as a mistake committed by them. But later Feynman came to the conclusion that they are not mistaken , but are using integer multiples .

In Panchasidhantika and Brihasamhitha of Varahamihira we find the same division of the Venus cycle of 584 into four. 2920 is five cycles of Venus . Feynman says why the multiplication table of 91 is used is not discovered either by him or by any one else so far. His exact words are I did not figure that one out nor has anyone else. How I have interpreted the partition of cyclical time by Varahamihira and Indian astronomers before him is given below. The smaller partitioned or cyclically divided 4 units of venus period has a peculiarity .They are 4 ratios as well . ( 236/584; 250/584; 90/584 and 8/584).Taking only three decimal positions we can compute it as a table . Ratio Answer Residue or Sesha

3 236/584 250/584 90/584 8/584 TOTAL 0.404 0.428 0.154 0.013 0.999 64 48 64 576 752

To express as an algebraic equation - if 48 is x and 64 is y , This is 12 x +2y +x = 752 12 x 48= 576 which is profusely used in all astronomical , thanthric and vasthu texts . 0.999 .. is a peculiar number which approximates to 1 . If a nonmathematical person like me has an audacity to say that I have figured it out ,while Feynman and his colleagues could not, it may seem selfpraise . But the fact is that the figuring out of that was not at all difficult for me since I had studied Varahamihira in detail and compared it to Vedic yuga /kalpa concepts . The squareroot of time is 19 . ( because 19 X 19 makes 361 nearest to the 360 degree circle ). 19 X 91 is 1729. Everyone might have heard of the number 1729 and its definition by Ramanuja in his hospital bed which surprised Hardy . It is the smallest number which can be expressed in two ways as the sum of three vargha. It is also the number which is 1 + satyayuga number . Satyayuga number is 1728. This did not take much time for me to figure out since ancient Indians used it from time immemorial. It is not my new discovery . Since I know ancient Indian methods I could figure out how Mayans were using the same numbers .That is a comparative study only . The number of the yugasamkhya are the large timespans by which Indians tried to assess or measure infinite time. It has nothing to do with astrology which deals with small lifespans of individuals . The partition of the yuga numbers in a cyclical way into smaller units and fractionisation of them is clearly shown in all astronomical texts of ancient Indians. And this method is used in Indus valley Harappan times in the measurement of finite objects and for this the accurate weights and measure system was devised .The rationale of measuring or trying to measure infinite time and infinite series by such methods existed in India and Ramanujan was aware of this . He had taught these methods to Hardy and Littlewood and revolutionized mathematics of 20th and 21st century .Looking at Radechers contours using cyclical method one can easily understand the truth of this statement .If 1728 +1 is the 1 (satyayuga) unit its 3/4th is threthayuga , is dwaparayuga, 1/4th is kaliyuga for Indian scientists . These repeat cyclically and form very large timespans like kalpa which are infinite. I had attended the lecture of Robert Kanigel in Chetpet on 26th December 2011. He had titled the biography of Ramanujan as The man who knew Infinity. One among the audience had asked whether anyone can measure Infinity and he answered Ramanujam measured it as his homeland. Many asked about the untimely early death of Ramanujam and even pointed out that it was due to the fault of Hardy .To this he replied death is inevitable for all and what one did and thought in a short lifespan is

4 more important . He started his speech with a chance or coincidence of meeting Narayana iyers relative on the first day of his arrival in Chennai and said that he does not believe in luck . I pointed out the terms psychological and astronomical synchronicities for him to explain those chance/coincidence on a more rational and scientific basis and also spoke on the number 1729 as Satyayuga number for measuring Infinity. Ramanujam had measured infinity using a ancient cyclical method of his homeland and it was not astrology , as all of us know. But unfortunately the biographer of Ramanujam thought that it was astrology and told me that he is skeptical about astrology and do not believe in it . My points , on synchronicity and the number 1728 for satyayuga were actually answers to all the questions asked by the audience and was in defence of the biographers title as well. But he did not grasp the gravity of its meaning .

Ramanuja was a selftaught man . He did not have a formal degree in Mathematics. But He knew the mathematical traditions of India well. And when he came across the western mathematical traditions what he had to do was to compute , compare and demonstrate them . This does not in any way reduce the genius of Srinivasa Ramanujam. But it adds to the genius of several mathematical brains before him , as his predecessors and many more of them still to come out of India as his successors . I am not a mathematician , but a person interested in Philosophy of Mathematics and if my writing would help young mathematicians to explore deeper into the Non-European roots of Mathematics in India , we will have several Ramanujams in years to come.