GE Energy

Turning waste into energy the vast potential of distributed power from biomass and biogas
Gatot Prawiro Regional Executive - Asia Pacific GE Gas Engines

Asia Clean Energy Forum 2012

GEs Gas Engines business overview

Employees: ~ 2,600 Operating in 100+ countries* Power Generation Gas Compression Waukesha Heat Recovery Clean Cycle**

Jenbacher, Waukesha

Electrical output: 120 9,500 kW Electrical efficiency up to 48.7%, overall efficiency over 90% 17,000+ engines delivered, 23,400 MW power globally Natural gas and CHP, excellence in special gas applications (biogas, LFG, CMG, BFG), oilfield power
* figures as of 31.12.2010 ** Trademark of General Electric Company

Output: 160 bhp 4,835 bhp (119 kW 3,605 kW) 12,000+ compression engines delivered, over 13.2 million bhp power globally (9,850 MW) Wellhead, gathering, storage/ transmission

125 kWe generator for waste heat-to-electricity For engines, biomass boilers, other heat-wasting applications as low as 121C (250F) No additional emissions in operation

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Jenbacher
Waste-to-energy/Renewables & Waste gas utilization
Reducing CO2-emissions Alternatives to fossil fuels Landfill gas, Biogas (e.g., organic waste, agricultural waste, waste water), coal mine gas, industrial waste gases, waste gases from steel industry, associated petroleum gas

920
624 620 616 612 420 416 320 412

new
Type 9

Type 6

Type 4

316
312 208

Type 3

Type 2
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

Decentralized power generation and cogeneration (natural gas)

Reliable energy supply for remote areas Supporting local power needs Avoiding transport and distribution losses Enhanced total efficiency Reducing fossil fuel use and greenhouse gas emissions

Power (kW )

Upgrades, Repair and Overhaul

Commissioning

Spare Parts

Life-Cycle Management

Contractual Service Agreements

Field Service Training

Generator Sets

Cogeneration System

Container Solution

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Waukesha
Gas Compression (Core business/Majority)
Gathering Storage Transmission Processing Offshore Injection

1000 BHP

2000 BHP

3000 BHP

4000 BHP

5000 BHP

2530 4835 bhp (2330 3480 kWe)

275GL

1390 4425 bhp (1000-3200 kWe)

Power Generation
Continuous power Cogeneration Oilfield power gen
Peak shaving Alternate fuels

APG*
366 1980 bhp (315 - 1400 kWe)

VHP
160 1175 bhp (230 - 830 kWe)

Mechanical Drives
Pumps Blowers Chillers Air Compressors

VGF

Product Training Center

Multiple full-time certified instructors Classroom & hands-on instruction Certified technicians Worldwide Headquarters
North America

Waukesha, Wisconsin, USA

South America

Porto Alegre, Brazil

Asia

Phitsanulok, Thailand
Europe

Mulhouse, France

Where GE Energys Waukesha are used through the gas compression industry

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Fuel flexibility and Tailor-made solutions Reliable, Available, Efficient

Landfill gas Coal mine gas Sewage gas

Island mode

Oil & Gas (Associated petroleum gas)

Cogeneration (Natural gas)

Special gases

Greenhouse application

Biogas
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Biogas

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Biogas
More than 2,400 of GEs biogas engines* with an electrical output of about 1,300 MW worldwide Anaerobic Digestion produces fuel gas Renewablefrom organic and animal waste

5,000 cows can power 1 MW plant

*as of June 2011

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Biogas plant typical solution

Biogas generation has 3 main steps: Pre-treatment, Fermentation and Post-treatment
Post-treatment

Fermentation

Pre-treatment

GE scope ~35% of total biogas plant capex,includes: GE Jenbacher engine, heat exchangers, generator

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Renewable energy solution turn digester gas into power

Two types J316 of GEs Jenbacher gas engines are supporting the Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant in Oregon to generate 40% (1.7 MW) of the plants electrical demand from digester gas, eliminating the need to purchase fossil fuels.
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Palm oil promising electricity supplier for the future

The palm oil production process generates huge quantities of organic waste material that, if not processed, has a negative impact on the ecological balance. In Thailand, two type 3 of GEs Jenbacher gas engines are supplying 33,000 Thai households with a reliable electrical output of 2.1 MW.
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Sewage gas
More than 870 of GEs sewage gas engines* with an electrical output of more than 550 MW worldwide Sewage fermentation produces fuel gas Wastewater from city of half a million powers 1 MW plant Covers 100% of energy needed for sewage plant
*as of June 2011
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Utilization of sewage gas:

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Maximum power with wastewater

In Strass, Austria, a major overhaul of the Jenbacher J208 was performed at the local sewage plant after 60,000 operating hours. In 2009, GEs J312 gas engine was added to the plant. Together, the engines provide heat and a total electrical output of 940 kW, generating 120% of the facilitys energy demand. The excess power is fed into the local grid.
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Landfill gas
More than 1,800 of GEs landfill gas engines* with an electrical output of about 1,900 MW worldwide Organic decomposition produces fuel gas

Waste from U.S. city of one million can power 8 MW plant

*as of June 2011

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Landfill gas to energy projects - Basics

Anaerobic digestion of organic content of Municipal Solid Waste on landfills Landfill degasification for environmental and safety reasons Gas engines provide highest efficiency and modularity Conversion of LFG (40-50% CH4, rest CO2+N2) to electrical energy = LFGTE
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Biomass Gasification

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Special gas
Synthetic gases from gasification
Highly efficient power generation with biomass gasification

Biomass Gasification is basically a process that decomposes solid biomass at high temperatures in oxygen poor atmospheres
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Biomass as a fuel
The drivers:
In rural areas, grid power is not available reliably. In rural areas Power Generated using Diesel Very expensive power Non Green and Polluting. Power prices very variable depending on oil prices and currency markets. Biomass waste that is to be disposed off.

Advantages:
A cheap, abundantly available fuel A Clean fuel Biomass has no Sulphur content Short CO2 fixation cycle Renewable
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Biomass as a fuel
Biomass
Gasification
Highly Efficient Process Can be applied over a range of output ratings (few to hundreds of kWs)

Synthetic Gas
Allows better process control and convenience
Cleaner combustion in connected equipment

Can be used for thermal applications & electricity generation

Elimination of all pollution related to Biomass use

Low initial investment and cost of power production

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Integrated Biomass Gasification

Green Power

GE Product Scope
Product offering Gasification Technology + Gas Engine Customer value benefits: One stop integrated solution biomass in power out Captive power customers access to small scale power (750kW unit) Efficient conversion : average 1kg biomass for 1 kWe Project payback 2.5 3.5 yrs depending on benefits sought
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Gasification
Basic Process Chemistry

Conversion of solid fuels into combustible gas mixture called synthetic gas (syngas) or producer gas ( CO + H2 + CH4 )
Involves partial combustion of biomass Four distinct process in the gasifier viz. Drying Pyrolysis Combustion Reduction
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Example of Syngas Composition

Particulars CO H2 CH4 N2 CO2 Gas C.V. (kcal/Nm3) Gas generated in Nm3/kg of biomass Rice Husk 15-20% 10-15% Upto 4% 45-55% 8-12% Above 1050 2 Woody Biomass 15-20% 15-20% Upto 3% 45-50% 8-12% Above 1100 2.5

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Highly efficient power generation with synthetic gas

The efficient combustion of wood gas requires highly sophisticated gas engines. A GEs Jenbacher J620 engines provide heat and an electrical output of 2.2 MW at the wood gas plant in the town of Gssing, Austria.

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Market Enabling

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Market Enabling Exercise

CHALLENGES
What GE does to enable market .

1
Biomass waste Owner
Biomass Supply Agreement

4 NEW Gasifier/AD+Power Island SPV

Owned by Local SPP

GASIFIER or AD

Working with waste producer on sustainability of supply , volume, logistic, supply mechanism , FSA Working on business modeling, tariffing structure, FIT proposal to Regulator , tariff approval Working with Bank/MLF on financial modeling, project financing Working on solution integration , EPC integrator, O&M aspect Working with new market player to educate them becoming project developer and IPP/SPP Working with SPP & utility on PPA

Power Generation
PPA

Utility

integration

Project financing

approval

Gasification OR Anaerobic Digester (AD)

Technology

GE Gas Engines

Bank /MLF

Regu lator
approval

Pack.aged Solution

GE

JDA

Fin Model

2 MOE

Feed In Tariff proposal

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