About half of traffic accidents in 2008 involved motorcycles? http://www.nscb.gov.ph/ru5/products/factsheet/fs03s09.

htm There were 1,253 reported traffic accidents from 2006-2008. 42.7% were motorcycles There were 1,888 victims in the accidents of which, 1,387 were injured and killed 408. The increasing accidents can be linked to the increased number of motorcycles on the road. The proliferation of cheaper imported motorcycles may have also helped increase the patronage of people on motorcycles. During these times of rising oil prices and worsening traffic problems, many Filipinos have resorted to motorcycles as their primary means of transport. These vehicles prove to be easy to maneuver during heavy traffic and are fuel-efficient.

Land Transport in the Philippines: Retrogressing Towards Motorcycles? http://www.nscb.gov.ph/headlines/StatsSpeak/2009/101209_rav_raab_trans.asp Fines/Penalties for Traffic and Administrative Violations

VIOLATION

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Remarks Failure to Install Seatbelt; 250 for failure to wear seatbelt

RA 8750 Seatbelt Use Act

14,137

139,618

154,984

135,497

141,372

1,000

Sec 13 No CR/OR on Hand

38,497

47,805

55,471

53,782

63,508

150 2,000 if committed by the driver w/o the knowledge and consent of the owner;

Sec. 11 Unregistered/ Invalid MV Registration

24,504

30,505

42,665

53,863

62,044

2,000-4,000

4,000 if the driver is also the processor of the subject MV Sec. 54 Prohibited Parking Sec. 68Z Obstruction 37,371 59,149 40,217 61,468 45,655 47,468 48,437 48,296 58,830 49,535 200 200

Sec. 09 Student Driver Operating an MV w/o Accompanying Licensed Driver Sec. 01 Driving w/o D_License Sec. 02 Driving w/ Delinquent / Invalid Suspended, Ineffectual or Revoked License 1,000 if license is suspended or revoked or improper

13,145

19,398

28,232

38,401

46,235

500

15,334

19,946

26,485

33,673

37,557

1,500

16,119

20,374

29,241

33,969

36,518

400-1,000

400 if expired;

Sec. 57 Driving in Slippers/ Sleeveless Shirt (For-Hire) TOP 9 VIOLATIONS* % INCREASE IN TOP 9 VIOLATIONS TOTAL APPREHENDED DRIVERS % INCREASE IN APPREHENSIONS TOTAL LICENSES/PERMITS ISSUED % INCREASE IN LICENSES/PERMITS RATIO OF APPREHENDED DRIVERS TO TOTAL LICENSES ISSUED

16,688

26,520

32,020

34,626

32,088

1,000-5,000

counted as reckless driving

234,944

405,851 72.7

462,221 13.9

480,544 4

527,687 9.8

617,111

719,563

892,319

899,701

930,088

16.6

24

0.8

3.4

3,284,170

3,548,041

3,711,856

3,972,645

4,184,499

4.6

5.3

18.80%

20.30%

24.00%

22.60%

22.20%

Source: Land Transportation Office Notes:

1. Excluding the reports of Tagbilaran D.O. & Dumaguete D.O. (Reg. VII-Dec. 2008) 2. With estimated figures for Region V for the months of Nov. & Dec. 2006 3. Excludes data of LTO-C.O.-LES for the period Jan.-Sept. 2005 4. Top 9 Violations includeRA 8750, No OR/CR on Hand, Unregistered/Invalid MV Registration, Prohibited Parking, Obstruction, Student Driver Operating an MV w/o Accompanying Licensed Driver, Driving w/ Delinquent/ Invalid/ Suspended, Ineffectual or Revoked License and Driving in Slippers (for For-Hire).

AUTOMATIC POLICING AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR INCREASING TRAFFIC LAW COMPLIANCE http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1279548/pdf/jaba00019-0087.pdf "Traffic law enforcement can have a demonstrable effect on traffic law compliance." Speed limit violations can be reduced by 20% with proper traffic law enforcement The probability of being caught when committing a traffic offense is a major factor in traffic law compliance. Feedback from police officers have been a powerful means to increase traffic compliance. Automatic policing of roads require 4 things: 1) Monitor road user behaviour 2) Compare behaviour with normative, required behaviour 3) Provide feedback to the driver 4) Procure evidence that an offense has been commited. This suggests that compliance to traffic laws is not only due to enforcement but first and foremost due to drive behaviour. This is what the study is all about.