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LED driver with 14 outputs (8 segments/6 digits) 40 mA load current capability for each segment Output pins connected directly to the LEDs or can be open-drain Key-scanning (8 x 2 matrix) Low power consumption in standby mode 3-wire serial bus interface (CLK, STB, DIN/DOUT) 8-step dimming circuit to control the overall display brightness Single external resistor for output current setting Inputs with Schmitt trigger give superior noise immunity A single LED digit output (DIG1_LED) can be used to drive up to 8 discrete LEDs 8-step dimming circuit to control brightness of individual LEDs for LED digit 5.0 V ( 10%) for VCC Drives common-anode LED digits Built-in power on reset and soft-start circuits Available in SO24 package -40 C to 85 C operating temperature range
SO-24
Description
The STLED316S is a compact LED controller and driver that interface microprocessors to LED displays through a serial 3-wire interface. It drives LED connected in common anode configuration. The STLED316S drives up to 48 discrete LEDs in 8 segment/6 digit configuration while functioning from a supply voltage of 5.0V. Additionally it can be used to drive 8 discrete LEDs which form a part of LED digit. The individual LEDs are wired as segments of a digit and brightness of these individual LEDs can be controlled digitally. The maximum segment current for the display digits is set through a single external resistor. Individual digits may be addressed and updated without rewriting the entire display. Additionally it includes key scanning for an 8x2 key matrix which automatically scans a matrix of up to 16 switches. STLED316S supports numerictype displays and reduces the overall BOM costs through high integration. Also it provides ESD protection of greater than 4 kV HBM. The LED controller/driver is ideal as a peripheral device to interface the display with a singlechip microcomputer.
Package SO-24 Packaging Tape and reel
Applications
Set-top-boxes White goods Home appliances DVD players and VCRs Device summary
Part number STLED316SMTR
Table 1.
January 2008
Rev 1
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Contents
STLED316S
Contents
1 2 3 STLED316S functional and application diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 STLED316S functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 Low power mode of operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Serial interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Initial power up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Display types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Keyscan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Discrete LED outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Power on reset and soft-start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 LED drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Operating the device with 3.3 V interface voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Maximum rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.1 Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
6 7 8
Key-scan & display cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Key matrix and key-input data storage ram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
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Contents
8.4
Display memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
10 11
12 13
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List of figures
STLED316S
List of figures
Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. Figure 10. STLED316S functional diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 STLED316S application diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 STLED316S pin connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Key matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Serial communication format (reception) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Serial communication format (transmission). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Switching characteristics waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Graph of ISET against RSET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 STLED316S application diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 SO-24 package outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
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List of tables
List of tables
Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Table 7. Table 8. Table 9. Table 10. Table 11. Table 12. Table 13. Table 14. Table 15. Table 16. Table 17. Table 18. Table 19. Table 20. Table 21. Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Seven segment display with dot point and common-anode LED panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Absolute maximum ratings (all voltages are referenced to GND). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 DC electrical characteristics (TA = -40 to +85 C, VCC = 5.0 V 10%, GND = 0 V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Capacitance (TA = 25 C, f = 1 MHz) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Power supply characteristics (TA = -40 to +85 C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Dynamic switching characteristics (TA = -40 to +85 C, VCC = 5.0 V 10%, GND = 0.0 V, typical values are at 25 C) . . . . 16 Timing characteristics (TA = -40 to +85 C, VCC = 5.0 V 10%, GND = 0.0 V, Typical values are at 25 C) . . . . 16 ESD performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Read command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Memory page mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Digit address mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 LED address mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Memory page address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 7-segment display address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 LED display address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Part list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 SO-24 package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
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STLED316S
Current source POR and soft-start Interrupt generator Serial interface Digital logic blocks Drivers STLED316S functional diagram
POR & soft-start
Figure 1.
ISET
Current source
Internal reset
Interrupt generation
IRQ_N
Command decoder
SEG1/KS1 8
8-bit output latch
Serial I/F
Display memory (7 x 8)
SEG8/KS8 DIG1_LED
Keydata memory (2 x 8)
KEY1-KEY2 2
DIG7 7 DIG2
V CC (+5.0 V)
GND (0 V)
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STLED316S
Figure 2.
6
CLK
DIG2-DIG7 DIG1_LED
MCU
DIN / DOUT IRQ_N
STB
STLED316S
ISET
SEG1/KS1 -SEG8/KS8
RSET
KEY1-KEY2
Keyscan (8 x 2 matrix)
CS00014
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Pin description
STLED316S
Pin description
Figure 3. STLED316S pin connection
Table 2.
Pin number 1
Pin description
Symbol DIN/DOUT Type IN/OUT Name and function Output serial data at falling edge of the shift clock, starting from lower bit. Input serial data is clocked in at rising edge of the shift clock, starting from lower bit. Reads serial data at rising edge, and outputs data at falling edge. Initializes serial interface at rising or falling edge to make STLED316S wait for reception of command. Data input after the falling edge of STB are processed as a command. While command data are processed, current processing is stopped, and the serial interface is initialized. While STB is high, instructions are ignored. Interrupt output (active low) to interrupt the MCU when there is a key press Single output LED used together with the 8 segments to drive up to 8 discrete LEDs Digit output pins. 5.0 V 10% Core main supply voltage. Bypass to GND through a 0.1 F capacitor as close to the pin as possible. Digit output pins.
CLK
IN
STB
IN
4 5 6,7,8
PWR
10,11,12
OUT
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STLED316S Table 2.
Pin number 13,14,15,16 17 18,19,20,21
22
IN
23
KEY1
IN
24
ISET
IN
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STLED316S
3.1
3.2
Serial interface
The interface is used to write configuration and display data to the STLED316S. The serial interface comprises of a shift register into which DIN is clocked on the rising edge of the CLK when STB is low. When STB is low, falling transitions on CLK clock the data from the device to the microcontroller. The 8-bit data is decoded to determine and execute the command. STB indicates to the device the start of communication when it goes low. DIN/DOUT pin is bi-directional. The data will be validated during positive pulse of the clock in both write/read modes. If the STB signal goes high before completing the data byte write to the device, the preceding data bits are ignored and the previous configuration remains intact.
3.3
Initial power up
On initial power-up, all control registers are reset, the display is blanked and the STLED316S is in the low power mode. All the outputs are in high-impedance state at initial power-up. The DIN/DOUT is pulled high by an external pull-up resistor. The display driver has to be configured before the display can be used.
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3.4
Display types
Table 3. Seven segment display with dot point and common-anode LED panel
3.5
Keyscan
The full keyscan is illustrated in the another section of the datasheet. One diode is required per key switch. The keyscan circuit detects any combination of keys being pressed.
3.6
3.7
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STLED316S
3.8
LED drivers
The constant current capability is up to 40 mA per output segment and is set for all the outputs using a single external resistor. When acting as digit drivers, the outputs source current to the display anodes. When acting as segment drivers, the LED outputs sink current from the display cathodes. The outputs are high impedance when not being used as digit or segment drivers. Each port configured as a LED digit driver behaves as a digitally-controlled constant current sink. The LED drivers are suitable for both discrete LEDs and common anode (CA) numeric LED digits. When fully configured as a LED driver, the STLED316S controls up to 8 LED segments in a single digit with 8-step logarithmic brightness control for the digits. A single resistor sets the maximum segment current for all the segments, with a maximum of 40mA per segment. The STLED316S drives any combination of discrete LEDs and CA digits for numeric displays. The recommended value of RSET is the minimum allowed value, since it sets the display driver to the maximum allowed segment current. RSET can be a higher value to set the segment current to a lower maximum value where desired. The user must also ensure that the maximum current specifications of the LEDs connected to the drivers are not exceeded. The brightness of the individual digits in the display panel can be controlled separately.
3.9
Interrupt
The device includes an active low level IRQ_N pin to the microprocessor. The STLED316S generates an interrupt when a key is pressed.
3.10
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Maximum rating
Maximum rating
Stressing the device above the rating listed in the Absolute maximum ratings table may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operating sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Refer also to the STMicroelectronics SURE program and other relevant quality documents. Table 4.
Symbol VCC VI PD TA TJ TSTG TL VESD
Values -0.5 to +7.0 -0.5 to VCC+0.5 1200 -40 to 85 150 -65 to +150 300 pins (2) -4 to +4
Unit V V mW C C C C kV
Operating ambient temperature Junction temperature Storage temperature Lead temperature (10 sec) Electrostatic discharge voltage on all Human body model
1. De-rate at -9.6 mW/C at TA = 25C or higher 2. In accordance with the JEDEC standard
4.1
Thermal data
Table 5.
Symbol TthJC
Thermal data
Parameter Thermal resistance junction-ambient Min Typ 75 Max Unit C/W
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STLED316S
5
5.1
Unit V V V A V V A mA mA %
Driver leakage current Segment drive LED sink current Digit drive LED source current Segment drive current matching
RSET
360
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STLED316S
5.2
5.3
Capacitance
Table 7.
Symbol CIN
5.4
Quiescent power supply VCC = 5.5 V, current All inputs = VCC or GND Operating power supply current (display ON) All segments ON, all digits scanned, intensity set to full, internal oscillator, no display load connected
ICC
10
15
mA
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STLED316S
5.5
5.6
Timing characteristics
Table 10. Timing characteristics (TA = -40 to +85 C, VCC = 5.0 V 10%, GND = 0.0 V, Typical values are at 25 C)
Parameter Clock pulse width Strobe pulse width Data setup time Data hold time CLK rising edge to STB rising edge Test conditions Min. 400 1 100 100 1 Typ. Max. Unit ns s ns ns s
5.7
ESD performance
Table 11.
Symbol ESD
ESD performance
Parameter JEDEC standard (all pins) Test conditions HBM Min. Typ. 4 Max. Unit kV
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STLED316S
Initial: All the segments and grids are turned off. During operation:
1. 2. 3. Turn on segment (keyscan) one by one. On time duration is 64 s. Check the data present in LED register. If data is present, turn on the respective LED grid and segments. Check the display on. If display is turned on, then enable the grid one by one from grid 1 to grid 6 (maximum) and turn on segments.
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STLED316S
The data of each key are stored as illustrated below, and are read by the appropriate read command, starting from the least significant bit.
1st byte
KEY1 SEG1/KS1 LSB KEY1 SEG2/KS2 KEY1 SEG3/KS3 KEY1 SEG4/KS4 KEY1 SEG5/KS5 KEY1 SEG6/KS6 KEY1 SEG7/KS7 KEY1 SEG8/KS8 MSB
2nd byte
KEY2 SEG1/KS1 LSB KEY2 SEG2/KS2 KEY2 SEG3/KS3 KEY2 SEG4/KS4 KEY2 SEG5/KS5 KEY2 SEG6/KS6 KEY2 SEG7/KS7 KEY2 SEG8/KS8 MSB
The initial key buffer value is 00. During operation, the buffer values will change depending upon the values of the key-press.
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STLED316S
Commands
Commands
Command sets the display mode and the status of the LED driver. The first byte input to the STLED316S through the DIN input after the STB goes low is regarded as a command. If STB is set high while commands/data are transmitted, serial communication is initialized, and the commands/data being transmitted are invalid (however, the commands/data already transmitted remain valid).
8.1
Write command
MSB 8 MSB 7 MSB6 MSB5 LSB4 LSB3 LSB2 LSB1
Description:
LSB 3 -1 address of the memory MSB5 and LSB4 address of memory bank (page) MSB 6 0 auto increment address 1 fixed address MSB 7 0 Write command 1 Read command MSB 8 X Unused
The following bytes are either configuration data or display data. During the write command, the control flag display on and auto increment address are latched into the internal control flag register. The default value is 0 for display on control register implying that the display is off. The user must turn on the display to view the display memory. Similarly the auto increment address mode is enabled by default. If the user desires to read from a particular address location, the user can fix the address pointer.
Display on:
MSB 8 x MSB 7 0 MSB6 X MSB5 0 LSB4 1 LSB3 1 LSB2 0 LSB1 1
Display off:
MSB 8 x MSB 7 0 MSB6 X MSB5 0 LSB4 1 LSB3 1 LSB2 1 LSB1 0
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Commands
STLED316S
8.2
Read command
MSB 8 MSB 7 MSB6 MSB5 LSB4 LSB3 LSB2 LSB1
Description:
LSB 3 -1 address of the memory MSB5 and LSB4 address of the memory bank (page) MSB 6 0 auto increment address 1 fixed address MSB 7 0 Write command 1 Read command MSB 8 X Unused
Use the page 0x01 to read the LED data and key data. Table 12. Read command
Address 00 01 02 Function LED data (optional) Key data byte1 Key data byte2
Set flag for key1 and key2 to ensure that the user reads from the particular key. When reading the key data from the memory, the IRQ_N will be automatically cleared signifying that the end of the 8th bit was transmitted correctly. If the IRQ_N is asserted by the last eight keys, then the user reads the key data (one byte only by reading the first byte). In this case, the IRQ_N will remain active until the second byte is read. When the user uses the read key to read the LED and key data, first the user must choose the address (default address location is 0x00) after which the address will increment only by 3 addresses (maximum).
8.3
Device configuration
This section describes how to program and read the configuration of the device. Configuration data comprises of the display setting, dimming setting, display on/off and fixed
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Commands address/auto increment. The address pointer will indicate the configuration location and write signal writes the configuration data into the respective location. The memory block is split into two page locations. One is for the 7-segment brightness configuration memory and the other is for the LED (discrete) configuration memory. The configuration memory address starts from 0x00 to 0x07. The configuration page address is 10 and 11.
Initial Value:
Table 13. Memory page mapping
Address 00 01 02 03 00 01 02 03 Value 0xFB 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
Memory page 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11
Description:
Address 0x00; page 0x10 LSB 0 2 indicates the number of digits in the display LSB3 MSB 4 '11' is for constant brightness control for the display '00' is for variable brightness control for the display '01' is reserved '10' is reserved MSB 5 7 indicates constant brightness control value for all including the LED (discrete)
Default is constant brightness control with 14/16 pulse width (for maximum brightness). Page 0x10 - address 0x01 to 0x03 is for the variable brightness control value for 7 segments: Table 14. Digit address mapping
Address 0x01 0x02 0x03 MSB Digit 2 Digit 4 Digit 6 LSB Digit 1 Digit 3 Digit 5
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STLED316S
Default is constant brightness control with 14/16 pulse width. During normal operation, the user defined value will be stored in the respective location.
8.3.1
8.3.2
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STLED316S
Commands
8.4
Display memory
The display memory stores the display data and sends to the LED when the display is on. The address pointer, memory page and write signal indicates to this block the location to write the data. This block will manage the address pointer. When the user writes a first byte, the address increments by one if in auto-increment mode, else the address pointer remains in the same location. The initial address is latched during the write/read command into the address pointer. The display memory (7-segment/LED) is directly mapped into the display segments. The user can access only one bank at a time in both the read and write modes. The memory block is split into 4 pages. Table 16. Memory page address
Page 2 LED Display Addr 0x00 (8 bit) Page 4 7 segment brightness LED brightness setting setting Addr 0x00 to 0x03 (32bit) Addr 0x00 to 0x03 (32bit) Page 3
7-segment display memory page 0x00: Table 17. 7-segment display address
Address 0x00 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x05 Data 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00
LED display memory page 0x01: Table 18. LED display address
Address 0x00h Data 0x00h
Initial memory:
Default memory value is 00 in all locations.
During operation:
User defined value in these locations. When the user wants to read the data from a particular location, the user sends the address page through read command and chooses the mode of the address pointer (fixed or auto). In this case, the user can access the whole memory area in that particular page (maximum 0 x 05).
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Commands
STLED316S The display RAM stores the data transmitted from an external device to the STLED316S through the serial interface; addresses are as follows, in 8-bits unit:
Seg1 00 HL 01 HL 02 HL 03 HL 04 HL 05 HL b0 XX HL b3 Seg4 00 HU 01 HU 02 HU 03 HU 04 HU 05 HU b4 XX HU Seg8 DIG2 DIG3 DIG4 DIG5 DIG6 DIG7 b7
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STLED316S
9.1
STB
D IN
b0
b1
b2
b6
b7
CLK
CS15561
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STLED316S
9.2
STB
D IN
b0
b1
b2
b6
b7
CLK
CS15561
Because the DIN/DOUT pin in a bi-directional pin, it is recommended to connect an external pull-up resistor to this pin (1 K to 10 K). Note: No minimum wait time is needed to read the data from the device. The STLED316S will output the data about 250 ns after the 8th clock pulses falling edge. It is therefore suggested that the host must release the bus within 100ns after clocking the last bit on the 8th clock pulse. The STLED316S is able to clock out the valid data on the immediate falling edge of the CLK without missing any clock cycle.
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STLED316S
10
tSETUP DIN
tHOLD
tPLZ
tTZH
Sn/Gn
CS15562
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STLED316S
Application information
11
11.1
Application information
Graph of ISET against RSET
Figure 8. Graph of ISET against RSET
RSET
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Application information
STLED316S
11.2
11.3
Application diagram
Figure 9.
C1
GND
DIG2-DIG7 DIG1_LED
MCU
DIN / DOUT IRQ_N
STB
STLED316S
ISET
SEG1/KS1 -SEG8/KS8
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
R3 R4
Keyscan (8 x 2 matrix)
GND
CS00018
Table 19.
Part list
Capacitors C1 = 33 F (25V) electrolytic C2 = 0.01- 0.1 F (25 V) ceramic Diodes D1-D8 = 1N4148 Supply V VCC = 5 V 10%
Resistors RSET = external resistor for current setting R1 = 1-10 K DIN/DOUT external pull-up resistor R2 = 1-10 K IRQ_N external pull-up resistor R3-R4 = 10 K external key-matrix pull-down resistors
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STLED316S
12
0070769C
Table 20.
Symbol
A A1 B C D E e H h L k ddd
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Revision history
STLED316S
13
Revision history
Table 21.
Date 9-Jan-2008
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STLED316S
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