Tutorial: Submarine Docking Simulation Using MDM Model

Introduction
The purpose of this tutorial is to provide guidelines for the creation, setup, and solution procedure to solve the ow around a small submarine in a given time frame using moving deforming meshes (MDM). This tutorial demonstrates how to do the following: Import the geometry, create the required MDM domain and surface mesh using GAMBIT. Model the small submarine movement using the MDM model in FLUENT. Set up, run, and postprocess the solution using FLUENT. Save the animation using FLUENT.

Prerequisites
This tutorial assumes that you are familiar with the FLUENT and GAMBIT user interface. It also assumes that you have a good understanding of the basic setup and solution procedures. This tutorial does not cover the mechanics of using the MDM model, but the focuses on setting up problem for the submarine and solving it. If you have not used the MDM model before, FLUENT 6.3 Users Guide will provide you the necessary information.

Problem Description
This tutorial considers a simplied 2D model of a model scale (9 m) submarine advancing at constant speed. An ASDS (Advanced Seal Delivery System) approaches this submarine along a prescribed altitude and path. The tutorial case is setup to understand the ow eld, forces, and moments acting on the large submarine and the ASDS, while they dock.

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Geometry Setup and Mesh Generation in GAMBIT

Step 1: CAD Import and Domain Creation 1. Start GAMBIT with Session Id as sub-initial. 2. Read the database le sub-initial.dbs. File Open... 3. Create a region of ne meshing. Create a region of very ne mesh compared to the rest of the domain. This region will serve as the remeshing region for the MDM calculations. (a) Create a square face. Operation Geometry Create Real Rectangular Face

i. Open the Create Real Rectangular Face form in the Face toolpad under Geometry operations. ii. Enter 150 for Width and 100 for Height. iii. Set Direction as XY Centered. iv. Click Apply and close the Create Real recatngular Face form.

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(b) Move the rectangular face (face.8), by 10 units in the X direction and by 30 units in the Y direction. Operation Geometry Move/Copy Faces

i. Open the Move/Copy Faces form in the Face toolpad under Geometry operations. ii. Select the rectangular face, face.8 and enable Move. iii. Enable Translate in the Operation group box. iv. Enter 10 for x: and 30 for y: in the Global group box. v. Click Apply and close the Move/Copy Faces form. These distances are chosen such that the rectangular box covers both the submarines. 4. Split the parabolic face (face.7) with the rectangular face (face.8). Operation Geometry Split Face

(a) Open the Split Volume form in the Volume toolpad under Geometry operations. (b) Select face.7 in the upper Face picklist. This is the face that will be split. (c) Retain the default selection of Face (Real) for Split With. (d) Retain the default selection of Connected. 3

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(e) Select face.8 in the lower Face picklist. This face will be used to split the previously selected face. (f) Click Apply and close the Split Face form.

5. Subtract the two submarine faces (face.1 and face.4) from the inner rectangular face (face.8). Operation Geometry Subtract Real Faces

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(a) Select face.8 in the Face picklist. (b) Select face.1 and face.4 in the Subtract Faces picklist. (c) Click Apply and close the Subtract Real Faces form. Step 2: Mesh Generation 1. Mesh the submarine edges. Operation Mesh Mesh Edges

(a) Select the edges of both the submarines. (b) Enter 0.5 for Interval Size. (c) Click Apply. 2. Mesh the outer edges of the rectangular face face.8. (a) Select the outer four edges of the rectangular face.. (b) Specify a value of 1.4 for Interval Size. (c) Click Apply and close the Mesh Edges form.

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3. Mesh the rectangular face. Operation Mesh Mesh Faces

(a) Select the rectangular face face.8. (b) Select Tri for Elements and Pave for Type. (c) Mesh the face with Tri/Pave meshing scheme. (d) Click Apply and close the Mesh Faces form. 4. Create Sizing Function. Operation Tools Create Size Function

(a) Select Fixed for Type. (b) Select Faces for Source, and select face.8 (rectangular face) as source face. (c) Select Faces for Attachment, and select face.7 (parabolic face) as attachment face. (d) Enter 1.4, 1.05, and 13 for Start size, Growth rate, and Size limit respectively in the Parameters group box. (e) Click Apply to create a sizing function and close the Create Size Function form.

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5. Mesh the parabolic face using Tri/Pave meshing scheme and retain the other default parameters.

Figure 1: Mesh

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Step 3: Specify Boundary and Continuum Types 1. Specify the boundary types. Zones Specify Boundary Types

(a) Select Edges in the Entity group box. (b) Enter the boundary types as shown in the table: Name sub small sub big v inlet p outlet Type WALL WALL VELOCITY INLET PRESSURE OUTLET Edges Edges of the small submarine Edges of the large submarine Curved edge of the parabolic face Straight edge of the parabolic face

(c) Click Apply and close the Specify Boundary Types form.

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2. Specify the continuum types. Zones Specify Continuum Types

(a) Select Faces in the Entity group box. (b) Select face.8 (rectangular face) and name it as deforming. (c) Select face.7 (parabolic face) and name it as stationary. (d) Click Apply and close the Specify Continuum Types form. 3. Save and export the mesh le sub-final.msh. File Export Mesh... Note: Enable Export 2D (X-Y) Mesh while exporting the mesh le.

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Solution Using FLUENT

Step 4: Grid 1. Start the 2D (2d) version of FLUENT. 2. Read the mesh le sub-final.msh. File Read Case... 3. Check the grid. Grid Check FLUENT will perform various checks on the mesh and will report the progress in the console. Make sure the reported minimum volume is a positive number. 4. Scale the grid. Grid Scale... (a) Scale the grid using 0.1 for both X and Y as Scale Factors. The maximum domain extent in X direction should be 50 m and minimum should be approximately -40 m. (b) Click Scale and close the Scale Grid panel. Step 5: Models First get a steady state solution, which will serve as an initial solution for the unsteady MDM case. 1. Retain the default solver settings. 2. Dene the standard k-epsilon turbulence model. Dene Models Viscous... (a) Select k-epsilon (2-eqn) from the Model ist. (b) Retain the other default values. (c) Click OK to close the Viscous Model panel. Step 6: Materials Dene Materials... 1. Click the Fluent Database... button to open the Fluent Database Materials panel. (a) Select water-liquid (h2o<l>) from the Fluent Fluid Materials. (b) Click Copy and close the Fluent Database Materials panel. 2. Click Change/Create and close the Materials panel.

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Step 7: Boundary Conditions Dene Boundary Conditions... 1. Select stationary from the Zone selection list and click the Set... button to open the Fluid panel. (a) Select water-liquid from the Material Name drop-down list. (b) Click OK to close the Fluid panel. 2. Similarly select water-liquid as the material for deforming. 3. Set the boundary conditions for v inlet.

(a) Select Magnitude and Direction from the Velocity Specication Method drop-down list. (b) Enter 0.5 m/s for Velocity Magnitude. (c) Enter 1 for X-Component of Flow Direction. (d) Select Intensity and Viscosity Ratio from the Turbulence Specication Method dropdown list. (e) Enter 2 % for Turbulence Intensity and a value of 1 for Turbulent Viscosity Ratio. (f) Click OK to close the Velocity Inlet panel. 4. Specify the similar turbulent boundary conditions for p outlet.

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5. Retain the other default boundary conditions. Step 8: Solution 1. Enable the plotting of residuals. Solve Monitors Residuals... 2. Initialize the solution. Solve Initialize Initialize... (a) Select all-zones from the Compute From drop-down list. (b) Click Init and close the Solution Initialization panel. 3. Start the solution with 1000 iterations. Solve Iterate... The case should converge in approximately 400 iterations. 4. Save the case and the data les (steady.cas.gz and steady.dat.gz). File Write Case & Data... Step 9: Unsteady MDM Setup 1. Read the velocity prole velnew.prof using TUI command.
/>file/rtt transient-table file name [] velnew.prof

2. Change to Unsteady solver. Dene Models Solver... 3. Dene the dynamic mesh parameters. Dene Dynamic Mesh Parameters...

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(a) Enable Dynamic Mesh. (b) Enable Smoothing and Remeshing in the Mesh Methods group box. (c) Click the Smoothing tab and enter 10 for Number of Iterations. (d) Click the Remeshing tab and set the following parameters: Parameter Minimum Length Scale (m) Maximum Length Scale (m) Maximum Cell Skewness Size Remesh Interval Value 0.03757772 0.1 0.55 1

(e) Click OK to close the Dynamic Mesh Parameters panel. Note: For information about length scale, click the Mesh Scale Info... button to open the Mesh Scale Info panel which displays values of Minimum Length Scale, Maximum Length Scale, Maximum Cell Skewness, and Maximum Face Skewness. The maximum length specied for the deforming zone in the Dynamic Mesh panel is very small compared to the maximum length scale in the domain (which is outside the deforming zone).

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4. Dene the dynamic mesh zones. Dene Dynamic Mesh Zones...

(a) Select sub small from the Zone Names drop-down list. (b) Select Rigid Body from the Type group box. (c) Select vel dataper from the Motion UDF/Prole drop-down list. (d) Click the Meshing Options tab and 0.025 for Cell Height. (e) Click Create and close the Dynamic Mesh Zones panel. 5. Save the case and data les (sub-mdm-setup.cas.gz and sub-mdm-setup.dat.gz). 6. Preview the mesh motion. Solve Mesh Motion...

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(a) Enter 0.5 for Time Step Size and 100 for Number of Time Steps. (b) Click Preview. You can see how FLUENT restructures the mesh after every time step. 7. Read the previously saved case and data les (sub-mdm-setup.cas.gz and sub-mdm-setup.dat.gz). Step 10: Animation 1. Dene the animation. Solve Animate Dene...

(a) Increase the value of Animation Sequences to 1. (b) Click the Dene... button to open the Animation Sequences panel. (c) Enter velocity for Name and 25 for Every. (d) Select Time Step from the When drop-down list. (e) Click the Dene... button to open the Animation Sequences panel.

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i. Select In memory from the Storage Type group box. ii. Set Window to 1 and click the Set button. iii. Select Contours from the Display Type list to open the Contours panel. A. Display the lled contours of Velocity Magnitude and close the Contours panel. iv. Click OK to close the Animation Sequence and Solution Animation panels. 2. Iterate the solution. Solve Iterate... (a) Enter 0.5 for Time Step Size. (b) Enter 1450 for Time Steps. Until the small submarine docks into the big submarine. (c) Retain the default value of 20 for the Max iterations per time step. 3. View the animation. Solve Animate Playback... (a) Select Hardcopy Frames from the Write/Record Format drop-down list. (b) Click the Hardcopy Options... button and select TIFF as hardcopy format. (c) Click Write in the Playback panel to save the hardcopy of the contour display at the specied intervals. (d) View the animation of these hardcopy frames using any image viewer tool.

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Figure 2: Velocity ContoursBefore Docking

Figure 3: Velocity ContoursAfter Docking

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