AS 1853—1983

Australian Standard
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Automatic oil and gas

burners—Mechanical draught
[Title allocated by Defence Cataloguing Authority:
BURNER: GAS AND OIL (Automatic, Industrial or Commercial)
... NSC 4530]
 This Australian standard was prepared by Committee ME/21, Industrial Fuel-fired
Equipment. It was approved on behalf of the Council of the Standards Association of
Australia on 27 June 1983 and published on 5 September 1983.

The following interests are represented on Committee ME/21:

Australian Gas Association
Australian Institute of Energy
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Australian Institute of Petroleum Limited

Bureau of Steel Manufacturers of Australia
Confederation of Australian Industry
Department of Labour and Industry, Victoria
Department of Mines and Energy, Northern Territory
Department of Transport and Construction
Heating and Cooling Industry Association of Victoria
Insurance Council of Australia
Metal Trades Industry Association of Australia
Metropolitan Fire Brigades Board, Melbourne
University of Melbourne

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This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 82112.

 AS 1853—1983

Australian Standard
This is a free 6 page sample. Access the full version at http://infostore.saiglobal.com.

Automatic oil and gas

burners—Mechanical draught

First publi shed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1976

Second editi on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1983

PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

(STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA)
1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140
ISBN 0 7262 3102 9
 AS 1853—1983 2

PREFACE

This edition of this standard was prepared by the Association’s Committee on Industrial
Fuel-fired Equipment to supersede AS 1853—1976, Rules for the Design and Construction
of Single Automatic Oil and Gas Burners and Their Application to Boilers.
The reference standard used by earlier boiler codes had been a section of AS CB5 which gave
basic rules for oil-firing. This was replaced in 1973 by AS 1375, SAA Industrial Fuel Fired
Appliances Code, which became the basic standard for the entire range of industrial oil-fired
or gas-fired equipment. While that standard covered the general case very well, of necessity
it dealt with broad principles; therefore, it was decided that a specialist standard was needed,
to detail the specific requirements for burner systems on small and medium boilers of the
type that usually operate automatically.
It was found as drafting proceeded, that the resulting standard fell naturally into two parts,
one being a technical specification for automatic burners which would incorporate the best
technology currently available, the second being how to apply such a burner to the boilers
in question. It was recognized at the time that the automatic burner being described was
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suitable for a wider field of applications than boilers, but time did not permit the possibilities
to be explored and developed, so AS 185—1976 had a basic orientation towards boilers.
Subsequently an additional need arose for a control system having a higher level of
sophistication, to cater for a class of boilers that had beome known as ‘unattended’. This
development caused a reassessment of subject boundaries and committee responsibilities, with
the result that the two subjects of an automatic burner specification on the one hand and
boiler management and control systems on the other were separated, the former to remain
with the Committee on Industrial Fuel-fired Equipment, the latter being transferred to the
Committee on Boilers and Unfired Pressure Vessels.
Thus, this edition is purely a specification for a high quality automatic burner for industrial
use, be it for a boiler, furnace, oven or any similar combustion application. In effect, it
describes how the basic burner control functions prescribed in AS 1375 may be carried out
automatically. Amongst other things, it requires of the burner an ability to accept certain
control or shutdown signals from the appliance to which it is attached, but the manner in
which those signals are generated by the appliance or boiler is a matter for other standards.
This standard has no legal authority in its own right, but may acquire legal standing in one
or more of the following circumstances:
(a) Adoption by a Statutory Authority having jurisdiction.
(b) Adoption by a purchaser as a required standard of construction when placing a contract.
(c) Adoption when a supplier or contractor states that equipment is in accordance with it.
Adoption by a Statutory Authority would probably occur indirectly, e.g. it might be referred
to by AS 1375 or by AS 1200, SAA Boiler Code, each of which would itself be adopted
directly by an Authority. In any case, the standard may need to be read in conjunction with,
but will not take a precedence over, any statutory regulations that may be applicable in the
area of installation.

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 3 AS 1853—1983

CONTENTS
Page
SECTION 1. SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . ... . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . ... . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3 New Designs and Innovations . ... . . ... . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 Interpretations . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . ... . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.5 Referenced Documents . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.6 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

SECTION 2. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . ... . . .. .. 6
2.2 Burner Management System . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . ... . . .. .. 6
2.3 Ignition System and Starting Provisions . . . . . . .. . . ... . . . . .. 6
2.4 Air Supply and Control System . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. 7
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2.5 Combustion System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . ... . . .. .. 7

2.6 Power-operated Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . ... . . .. .. 7
2.7 Specific Requirements for Oil Systems . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. 8
2.8 Specific Requirements for Gas Systems . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. 8
2.9 Functional Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. .. 9
2.10 Marking and Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . .. .. 10

APPENDICES
A Suitability of Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . ... 11
B Filtration of Oil Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. . . ... 12
C Typical Layouts of Gas Supply and Control Systems .. .. . . ... 13
D Typical Burner Firing Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. . . . .. 17
E Typical Layouts of Oil Supply and Control Systems ... . . . . .. . 19
F Burner Selection and Application Guide . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . .. 21
G Model Commissioning Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. . . . .. 23
 AS 1853—1983
STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA
Australian Standard
for
AUTOMATIC OIL AND GAS BURNERS—MECHANICAL DRAUGHT
SECTION 1. SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE. This standard sets out requirements for
the design, construction, and control functions of
automatic burners which are—
(a) for use on equipment that is generally industrial
or commercial in nature, i.e. boilers, ovens,
furnaces, or the like;
(b) for use with gas or liquid fuels, being either
single fuel burners, or burners in which differing
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fuels may be burned either simultaneously or
alternatively;
(c) designed so that some or all of the air for
combustion is provided by mechanical means,
i.e. natural draught burners such as atmospheric
gas burners or vaporizing oil burners are
excluded; and
(d) for use either as single burners or as part of a
multiple burner installation.
NOTES:
1. Application standards such as AS 1375 set part icular
condit ions for burners used in mult iple sets.
2. Although this standard is wri tt en on the basis of conventional
oil and gas fuels, it is recognized that applications exist in
which less common combusti ble materials need to be used as
a fuel. This standard is intended to cover these applications,
but it is necessary to pay part icular attention to the individual
properti es of any such fuel, speciall y its eff ect on materials
or personnel.
1.2 APPLICATION. This standard is intended for
adoption by reference by another standard, or some
person or authority, for specific nominated
applications.
NOTES:
1. When a burner is applied to a parti cular appli ance, an
interchange of signals between the management systems of
burner and the appliance is necessary to ensure correct and
safe operation in both normal and emergency condit ions.
When reference is made to this standard, it should be
understood that the burner management system can receive
and act only on three types of command signal as foll ows:
(a) normal automatic start up.
(b) shut down and standby unti l a normal restart is requir ed
or permit ted.
(c) shut down and lockout.
A need to initi ate burner shutdown can ari se fr om one of
only two broad types of event, i.e. one that is normal or one
that is abnormal. Whether normal or abnormal only two
types of reaction are available, for each of which there is a
provision to receive a signal. One will shut down to standby
and permit restart when cleared to do so, and this signal
might be generated by normal demand needs or by a mild
‘i ncorrect conditi on’ or a precauti onary need. The other
provision activates the ‘shut down and lock out’ procedure,
which may be part ial or total.
It is therefore necessary to classify abnormal occurr ences on
the appli ance according to whether lockout is justif ied, or
normal restart is permitt ed when the abnormalit y has cleared.
(See Clauses 1.6.28, 2.1.1(d) (ii i) (iv) and (v), 2.9.12, 2.9.13,
and Appendix F, Paragraph F3(k).)
COPYRIGHT
4
1.3 NEW DESIGNS AND INNOVATIONS.
Notwithstanding the specific requirements of this
standard, any novel materials, designs, techniques,
methods of assembly, etc, which give equivalent
results to those specified may be considered for
acceptability. Such cases should be referred to
SAA Committee ME/21, Industrial Fuel-fired
Equipment, for an opinion as to compliance with the
spirit and intent of this standard.
1.4 INTERPRETATIONS. Questions concerning
the meaning, application, or effect of any part of this
standard may be referred to SAA Committee ME/21,
Industrial Fuel-fired Equipment, for interpretation.
The authority of this committee is limited to matters
of interpretation, and it will not adjudicate in
disputes.
1.5 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS. The following
standards are referred to in this standard:
AS 1200 SAA Boiler Code
AS 1375 SAA Industrial Fuel-fired Appliance Code
AS 1940 SAA Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Code
BS 799 Oil Burning Equipment
Part 3—Automatic and Semi-automatic
Atomizing Burners Up to
36 litres per hour and Associated
Equipment
Part 4— At om i z i n g B ur ne rs Ov er
36 litres/hour and Associated
Equipment for Single and
Multi-burner Installations
1.6 DEFINITIONS. For the purpose of this
standard, the following definitions apply:
1.6.1 Approved, approval—with the approval of,
acceptable to, and complying with the prescribed
standards of the Authority.
1.6.2 Authority—the authority having statutory
(legal) control in a particular circumstance.
1.6.3 Automatic burner—a burner that once it has
been initially put into commission is capable of
providing all the necessary functions without the
intervention of operating personnel.
1.6.4 Boiler—an appliance that is defined as a boiler
in AS 1200.
1.6.5 Burner management system—a system that
controls the operation of a burner by flame
supervision devices, limit devices and operational
controls.
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AS 1853-1983, Automatic oil and gas burners -

Mechanical draught
This is a free 6 page sample. Access the full version at http://infostore.saiglobal.com.

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