T H E CIVIL P R O C E D U R E C O D E , 1966 INDEX PRELIMINARY Section

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. S h o r t title. Application. Interpretation. Subordination of courts. Saving of procedure prescribed in other laws. Pecuniary jurisdiction.

PART I
JURISDICTION OF COURTS AND RES JUDICATA 7
.

Jurisdiction of courts. S t a y of suit.

8.

9.
10. 11. 12.

Res

judicata.

B a r to further suit. W h e n foreign j u d g m e n t s not conclusive. Presumption as to foreign judgment.

Place
13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.

of Suing

C o u r t s in w h i c h suits m a y be instituted. Suits to be instituted w h e r e subject-matter situate. Suits for i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y different courts. situate within jurisdiction of local limits of jurisdiction

Place of institution of suit w h e r e of courts are uncertain. Suits

for c o m p e n s a t i o n for w r o n g s to p e r s o n or m o v a b l e s .

O t h e r suits to be instituted w h e r e defendants reside or cause of action arises. Objections to jurisdiction. P o w e r to transfer o n e court. suits w h i c h m a y be instituted in m o r e than

General p o w e r of transfer and withdrawal.

Institution
22. I n s t i t u t i o n of suits.

of Suits

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Civil Procedure Summons and

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Discovery

23. 24. 25. 26. 27. Section 28. 29.

S u m m o n s to defendant. Service of s u m m o n s w h e r e defendant resides outside jurisdic tion of court. P o w e r t o o r d e r d i s c o v e r y a n d t h e like. S u m m o n s to witness. Penalty for default. Judgment Judgment and decree. Interest Interest on j u d g m e n t debts. costs and Decree

30.

Costs. P A R T II EXECUTION General

31. 32.

Application to orders. Definition of ''court w h i c h passed a decree'' Courts by which Decrees may be executed

33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41.

Courts by which decrees may be executed. Transfer of decrees. R e s u l t o f e x e c u t i o n p r o c e e d i n g s t o b e certified. Powers of court in executing transferred decree. Precepts. Questions to be determined by court executing decree Q u e s t i o n s t o b e d e t e r m i n e d b y the c o u r t e x e c u t i n g d e c r e e . Limit of time for execution Execution barred in certain cases. Transferees Transferee. Legal representative. Procedure in execution and legal representatives

42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47.

P o w e r s of court to enforce execution. Enforcement of decree against legal representative. Arrest Arrest and detention. Subsistence allowance. Detention and release. Release on g r o u n d of illness. and detention

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Civil Procedure Attachment

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48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53.

Property liable Property Private

to a t t a c h m e n t and sale in execution of decree. in execution of decrees of several courts. after a t t a c h m e n t t o b e v o i d . Sale

Seizure of property in dwelling-house. attached alienation of property

P u r c h a s e r ' s title. Suit against purchaser not maintainable p u r c h a s e b e i n g o n b e h a l f o f plaintiff. Distribution of assets on ground of

54.

P r o c e e d s of execution sale to be rateably distributed a m o n g decree-holders. Resistance to execution Resistance to execution. P A R T III INCIDENTAL PROCEEDINGS Commissions

55.

Section 56. 57. 58. 59. P o w e r o f c o u r t t o issue c o m m i s s i o n s . C o m m i s s i o n to another court. Letter of request. C o m m i s s i o n s issued by foreign courts. PART IV SUITS IN PARTICULAR CASES Suits 60. officers. Suits by aliens and foreign States 61. 62. 63. W h e n aliens m a y sue. W h e n foreign states m a y sue. Interpleader W h e r e i n t e r p l e a d e r suit m a y b e i n s t i t u t e d . PART V SPECIAL PROCEEDINGS Arbitration 64. 65. Arbitration. Special case P o w e r t o state c a s e for o p i n i o n o f c o u r t . Suits 66. 67. Public nuisances. Public charities. relating to public matters against public officers of public E x e m p t i o n from arrest and personal appearance

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PART VI SUPPLEMENTAL PROCEEDINGS 68. 69. Supplemental proceedings. C o m p e n s a t i o n for o b t a i n i n g a r r e s t , a t t a c h m e n t o r i n j u n c t i o n o n insufficient g r o u n d s . P A R T VII APPEALS Appeals from 70. 71. 72. 73. A p p e a l from original decree. A p p e a l from final d e c r e e w h e r e n o a p p e a l from p r e l i m i n a r y decree. Decision where appeal heard by two or m o r e Judges. No d e c r e e t o b e r e v e r s e d o r m o d i f i e d for error o r irregularity not affecting merits or jurisdiction. Appeals from 74. 75. 76. O r d e r s f r o m w h i c h a p p e a l s lies. Other orders. General provisions relating to P o w e r s of the H i g h Court on appeal. P A R T VIII REFERENCE, REVIEW A N D REVISION 77. 78. 79. Reference to the High Court. Review. Revision. PART IX RULES 80. 81. 82. Effect of rules in the First and Second Schedules. P o w e r to m a k e rules. Matters for w h i c h rules m a y provide. PART X MISCELLANEOUS 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. Courts to respect privacy custom. of w o m e n enjoined by religion or appeals orders decrees

Arrest other than in execution of decree. E x e m p t i o n from arrest u n d e r civil process. Procedure where person to be arrested or attached is outside jurisdiction. A s s e s s o r s in c a u s e s of s a l v a g e , etc. Orders and notices to be in writing. property to be

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89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97.

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A p p l i c a t i o n for r e s t i t u t i o n .

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E n f o r c e m e n t of l i a b i l i t y of s u r e t y . Proceedings by or against representatives. C o n s e n t or a g r e e m e n t by persons u n d e r disability. Enlargement of time. Transfer of business. Saving of inherent p o w e r s of court. A m e n d m e n t s of j u d g m e n t s , decrees of orders. General p o w e r to amend.

PART XI REPEAL AND TRANSITIONAL

98. 99. 100. 101. Application repealed. Transitional. References to the Indian Code of Civil Procedure, 1908. Forms. of Indian Code of Civil Procedure, 1908,

The First Schedule

ORDER I- PARTIES TO SUITS (a) Joinder of Parties Rule

1 . W h o m a y b e j o i n e d a s plaintiffs. 2. P o w e r of court to order separate trials. 3. W h o m a y be joined as defendants. 4 . C o u r t m a y g i v e j u d g m e n t for o r a g a i n s t o n e o r m o r e o f j o i n t parties. 5 . D e f e n d a n t n e e d n o t b e i n t e r e s t e d i n all t h e r e l i e f c l a i m e d . 6. Joinder of parties liable on s a m e contract. 7. W h e n plain-tiff in doubt from w h o m redress is to be sought. 8. One p e r s o n m a y s u e o r d e f e n d o n b e h a l f o f all i n s a m e I n t e r e s t . and non-joinder.

9. Misjoinder

10. S u i t i n n a m e o f w r o n g plaintiff. C o u r t m a y s t r i k e o u t o r a d d parties. W h e n defendant is added, plaint to be amended. 1 1 . C o n d u c t o f suit. 12. Appearance of one o f s e v e r a l p l a i n t i f f s o r d e f e n d a n t s for o t h e r s .

13. Objections as to non-joinder or misjoinder.

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(b) Third Party Procedure

14. L e a v e t o file t h i r d p a r t y n o t i c e . 15. Contents of notice.

1 6 . S e r v i c e o f n o t i c e o n t h i r d p a r t y a n d o t h e r p a r t i e s t o t h e suit. 17. Defence by third party. 18. Directions. 19. J u d g m e n t 20. Costs. 2 1 . Provisions of the C o d e party proceedings. and L a w Limitation to apply to third against third party in default.

22. A third party m a y present a third party notice. 2 3 . C o - d e f e n d a n t s as a t h i r d p a r t y .

ORDER II: FRAME OF SUIT

1. F r a m e o f suit. 2. Suit to include the w h o l e claim. Relinquishment of part of claim. O m i s s i o n t o s u e for o n e o f s e v e r a l reliefs. 3. Joinder of causes of action. recovery of immovable

4 . O n l y c e r t a i n c l a i m s t o b e j o i n e d for property. 5. Claims by or against executor,

administrator

or heir.

6. P o w e r of court to order separate trials. 7. Objections as to misjoinder.

ORDER III: RECOGNIZED AGENTS AND ADVOCATES

1. Appearances, etc m a y be in person, by recognized agent or by advocate. 2. Recognized agents.

3. Service of process on recognized agent. 4. Advocate to produce written authority w h e n required. 5. Service of process on advocate. 6. A g e n t to accept service. A p p o i n t m e n t t o b e i n w r i t i n g a n d t o b e filed i n c o u r t .

ORDER IV: INSTITUTION

1 . Suit t o b e c o m m e n c e d b y plaint. 2. Register of suits.

OF SUITS

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ORDER V: ISSUE AND SERVICE Issue

1. S u m m o n s . 2. S u m m o n s 3. Copy 4. Further 6. Fixing to be signed and sealed. of plaint.

of Summons

directions in s u m m o n s to appear. of defendant. appearance of defendant. d a y for

5. Appearance

7. Personal appearance of the parties. 8. No party to be ordered to appear unless resident within certain limits.

Service

of Summons

9 . D e l i v e r y o r t r a n s m i s s i o n o f s u m m o n s for s e r v i c e 10. M o d e of service. 11. Service on, several defendants. 12. Service to be on defendant in person w h e n practicable or on his

agent. 13. Service 14. S e r v i c e 15. W h e r e on on agent by w h o m defendant carried on business.

a g e n t in, c h a r g e in suits of i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y . on m a l e m e m b e r of defendant's family.

service m a y be

16. Person served to sign acknowledgement. 17. Procedure w h e n defendant refuses to accept service, or cannot be found. 18. E n d o r s e m e n t 20. Substituted of time and m a n n e r of service. 1 9 . E x a m i n a t i o n o f s e r v i n g officer. service. Effect o f s u b s t i t u t e d s e r v i c e . W h e r e service substituted, t i m e for a p p e a r a n c e to be fixed. 2 1 . Service by post. 22. Service of summons of another court. 23. Duty where defendant resides within jurisdiction

o f c o u r t t o w h i c h s u m m o n s i s sent. on defendant in prison.

24. Service

2 5 . Service o n officers o f the G o v e r n m e n t , the E a s t African C o m m o n Services Organization and local authorities. 26. Service on m e m b e r s of the a r m e d forces. 27. D u t y of persons to w h o m s u m m o n s is delivered or sent for service.

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28. Service where 29. Service where

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defendant resides in a neighouring territory. defendant resides outside Tanzania.

3 0 . Service b y p o s t w h e n effective. 3 1. Service by the plaintiff of his agent. 32. Service through the courts of other countries. 3 3 . P r o c e d u r e for p r o c u r i n g service t h r o u g h courts o f o t h e r countries.

ORDER VI: PLEADINGS GENERALLY

Rule
1. P l e a d i n g s . 2 . S e r v i c e o f p l e a d i n g s o n t h e p a r t i e s t o suit. 3. P l e a d i n g to state material facts and n o t e v i d e n c e . 4. Particulars to be given where necessary. 5. Further and better statement or particulars. precedent. 6. Condition 7. D e p a r t u r e . 8. Denial 9. Effect 11. Notice. 12. Implied contract, or relation. 13. P r e s u m p t i o n 1 5 . Verification 17. Amendment 18. Failure to of law. of pleadings. of pleadings. a m e n d after o r d e r . 1 4 . P l e a d i n g t o b e signed. 16. S t r i k i n g o u t p l e a d i n g s . of contract. of d o c u m e n t to be stated.

10. M a l i c e , k n o w l e d g e , e t c .

ORDER VII: PLAINT

1. Particulars to be contained in plaint. 2. In m o n e y suits. suit is i m m o v a b l e property. 3. W h e r e the subject-matter of the 5. Defendant's 7. Relief to

4. W h e n plaintiff sues as representative. interest and liability to be s h o w n . 6. G r o u n d of exemption from limitation law. be specifically stated. 8. Relief founded on separate grounds. 9. Procedure on admitting plaint. Concise statements.

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Procedure on returning plaint. 11. Rejection of plaint.

12. P r o c e d u r e o n , r e j e c t i n g p l a i n t . 13. W h e r e rejection plaint. of plaint does n o t preclude presentation of fresh

DOCUMENTS RELIED

ON IN PLAINT

14. P r o d u c t i o n o f d o c u m e n t o n w h i c h p l a i n t i f f s u e s . List of other documents. 15. S t a t e m e n t i n case of d o c u m e n t s not m his possession or power.

16. S u i t s o n l o s t n e g o t i a b l e i n s t r u m e n t s . 17. Production of shop book. Original entry to be m a r k e d and returned. 18. I n a d m i s s i b i l i t y o f d o c u m e n t n o t p r o d u c e d w h e n p l a i n t filed.

O R D E R VIII: W R I T T E N S T A T E M E N T , SET-OFF A N D COUNTER CLAIM

Rule
1. W r i t t e n Statement. m u s t be specially pleaded.

2. N e w facts

3 . D e n i a l t o b e specific. 4. Evasive denial.

5. Specific denial. 6. Particulars of set-off to be g i v e n in written statement. Effect of set-off. 7. D e f e n c e of set-off f o u n d e d on separate grounds. 8. N e w ground of defence.

9. Counter claim. 10. C o u n t e r c l a i m a g a i n s t p l a i n t i f f a n d t h i r d p a r t y . 11. Reply to counter claim. 12. C o u r t m a y o r d e r separate trial of c o u n t e r claim. 13. S u b s e q u e n t p l e a d i n g s . 14. F a i l u r e t o p r e s e n t w r i t t e n s t a t e m e n t o f d e f e n c e . 15. W h e n all p l e a d i n g s p r e s e n t e d .

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ORDER IX: APPEARANCE OF PARTIES AND CONSEQUENCE OF NON-APPEARANCE

1 . P a r t i e s t o a p p e a r o n d a y f i x e d i n s u m m o n s o r o n d a y f i x e d for hearing. 2. Dismissal of suit w h e r e summons not served in consequence of plaintiff's f a i l u r e t o p a y c o s t s . 3. W h e r e neither party appears suit to be dismissed. 4 . P l a i n t i f f m a y b r i n g f r e s h s u i t o r c o u r t m a y r e s t o r e s u i t t o file. 5. Dismissal 6. Procedure of suit w h e r e plaintiff, after summons returned uns e r v e d , fails for t h r e e m o n t h s t o a p p l y f o r f r e s h s u m m o n s . w h e n only plaintiff appears. W h e n s u m m o n s not duly served. W h e n s u m m o n s served but not in due time. 7. Procedure where defendant appears on day of adjourned hearing a n d a s s i g n s g o o d c a u s e for p r e v i o u s n o n - a p p e a r a n c e . 8. Procedure where defendant only appears. of non-attendance of one or m o r e of several 9 . D e c r e e a g a i n s t p l a i n t i f f b y d e f a u l t b a r s f r e s h suit. 10. P r o c e d u r e i n c a s e plaintiffs.

11. Procedure in case of non-attendance of one or m o r e of several defendants. 1 2 . C o n s e q u e n c e o f n o n - a t t e n d a n c e , w i t h o u t sufficient cause s h o w n , of party ordered to appear in person.

SETTING ASIDE DECREES EX-PARTE

1 3 . S e t t i n g a s i d e d e c r e e o r j u d g m e n t ex-parte a g a i n s t d e f e n d a n t . 14. N o d e c r e e o r j u d g m e n t t o b e s e t a s i d e w i t h o u t n o t i c e t o o p p o s i t e party.

ORDER X- EXAMINATION OF PARTIES BY THE COURT

1. Ascertainment w h e t h e r allegations in pleadings are admitted or denied. 2. Oral examination of party, or c o m p a n i o n of party. of refusal or inability of advocate to answer. 3. Substance of examination to be written. 4. Consequence

ORDER XI: DISCOVERY AND INSPECTION

1. Discovery by interrogatories. 2. Particular interrogatories to be submitted. 3. Costs of interrogatories. 4. Corporations. 5. Objections to interrogatories by answer. 6. Setting aside and striking out interrogatories.

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7. A f f i d a v i t m a n s w e r , filing. 8. No exception to be taken. 9. Order to 11. Affidavit 12. P r o d u c t i o n a n s w e r o r a n s w e r further. of documents. of documents. in p l e a d i n g s or affidavits. 10. A p p l i c a t i o n f o r d i s c o v e r y o f d o c u m e n t s .

13. Inspection of d o c u m e n t s referred to 14. T i m e for i n s p e c t i o n w h e n n o t i c e g i v e n . 15. O r d e r for inspection. copies. discovery. 16. V e r i f i e d

17. P r e m a t u r e

18. N o n - c o m p l i a n c e w i t h o r d e r f o r d i s c o v e r y . 19. U s i n g a n s w e r s t o i n t e r r o g a t o r i e s a t t r i a l . 20. Order to apply to minors.

ORDER

XII: ADMISSIONS

1. N o t i c e of a d m i s s i o n of c a s e . 2. Notice to admit documents. 3 . N o t i c e t o a d m i t facts. 4. Judgment on admissions. 5. Affidavit 7. C o s t s . of signature. 6. Evidence of notice to produce documents.

O R D E R XIII: P R O D U C T I O N , I M P O U N D I N G A N D R E T U R N O F

DOCUMENTS
1 . D o c u m e n t a r y e v i d e n c e t o b e p r o d u c e d a t first h e a r i n g . 2. Effect of non-production of documents.

3. Rejection

of irrelevant or inadmissible documents.

4. Endorsements on documents admitted in evidence. 5. Endorsements on copies of admitted entries in b o o k s , accounts and records. 6. Endorsements on documents rejected as inadmissible in evidence. 7. Recording of admitted and return of rejected documents.

8. Court m a y order any document to be impounded. 9. Return of admitted documents. 10. C o u r t m a y s e n d for p a p e r s f r o m its o w n r e c o r d s o r f r o m o t h e r courts. 1 1 . Provisions as to documents applied to material objects.

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ORDER XIV: SETTLEMENT OF ISSUES A N D DETERM1NATION OF SUIT ON ISSUES OF L A W OR ON ISSUES A G R E E D UPON

1. F r a m i n g of issues.

2. Issues of l a w a n d of fact. 3. Materials from which issues m a y be framed. 4. Court may examine issues. witnesses or documents before framing

5. P o w e r to a m e n d , and strike out, issues. 6. Q u e s t i o n s of fact or l a w m a y by a g r e e m e n t be stated in form of issues. 7. C o u r t , if satisfied that a g r e e m e n t w a s e x e c u t e d in g o o d faith, m a y pronounce judgment.

O R D E R XV: DISPOSAL OF T H E SUIT AT T H E FIRST H E A R I N G

1. Parties not at issue. 2. O n e of several defendants not at issue. 3. Parties at issue. 4. Failure to produce evidence.

ORDER XVI: SUMMONING AND ATTENDANCE OF WITNESSES

1. S u m m o n s to attend to give evidence or produce documents. into court on a p p l y i n g for

2. Expenses of witness to be paid summons. Experts. Scale of expenses. 3. Tender of expenses to witness. 4. Procedure where Expenses 5. Time, place and summons. 6. Summons to produce document.

i n s u f f i c i e n t s u m p a i d in. detained more than one day. of attendance to be specified in purpose

of witnesses

7. Power to require persons present in court to give evidence or produce document. 8. Summons how served. 9 . T i m e for s e r v i n g s u m m o n s . 10. P r o c e d u r e w h e r e w i t n e s s fails t o c o m p l y w i t h s u m m o n s . 11. If witness appears, 13. M o d e attachment m a y be withdrawn. 1 2 . P r o c e d u r e i f w i t n e s s fails t o a p p e a r . of attachment.

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14. C o u r t m a y suit. 15. D u t y of o f its

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accord s u m m o n as witnesses strangers to to give evidence or produce

persons

summoned

document. 16. W h e n t h e y m a y d e p a r t . 17. Application of rules 10 to 1 3 . 18. Procedure where witness apprehended cannot give evidence or produce document. 19. No witness to be ordered to attend in person unless resident within certain limits. 20. Consequence by court. of refusal of party to give evidence w h e n called on

2 1 . Rules as to witnesses to apply to parties summoned.

ORDER XVII: A D J O U R N M E N T S
1. Court m a y grant time and adjourn hearing. Costs of adjournment. 2. Procedure if parties fail t o a p p e a r o n d a y f i x e d .

3 . C o u r t m a y p r o c e e d n o t w i t h s t a n d i n g e i t h e r p a r t y fails t o p r o d u c e e v i d e n c e , etc. 4. Procedure where no generally. 5. Suit m a y be application is made on suit adjourned

struck out if no

step taken for 3 years.

O R D E R XVIII: H E A R I N G OF THE SUIT A N D E X A M I N A T I O N OF WITNESSES

1. R i g h t to 2. Statement begin. and production of evidence.

3. Evidence w h e r e several issues. 4. W i t n e s s e s to be e x a m i n e d in o p e n court. 5. H o w e v i d e n c e shall b e taken. and answer may be taken down. objected to and allowed by court. on demeanour of witnesses. direct shorthand record. another Judge or 6. A n y particular question 7. Questions 8. Remarks 9. P o w e r to

10. P o w e r to deal with evidence taken before magistrate. 1 1 . Power to examine witness immediately. 12. C o u r t m a y r e c a l l a n d e x a m i n e w i t n e s s . 13. P o w e r of court to inspect.

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ORDER XIX: AFFIDAVITS

1 . P o w e r t o o r d e r a n y p o i n t t o b e p r o v e d b y affidavit. 2. Power to order attendance of d e p o n e n t for c r o s s - e x a m i n a t i o n . 3. M a t t e r s to w h i c h affidavits shall be confined.

ORDER XX- JUDGMENT A N D DECREE

1. J u d g m e n t w h e n pronounced. 2. Power to pronounce judgment written by judge's or magistrate's predecessor. 3. Judgment to 4. Judgments. 5 . C o u r t t o s t a t e its d e c i s i o n o n e a c h i s s u e . 6. Contents 7. Date of of decree. decree. o r m a g i s t r a t e h a s v a c a t e d office before be signed.

8. Procedure where Judge signing decree.

9. D e c r e e for r e c o v e r y of i m m o v a b l e property. 10. D e c r e e for d e l i v e r y o f m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y . 11. Decree m a y direct p a y m e n t by installments. O r d e r , after d e c r e e , for p a y m e n t b y i n s t a l l m e n t s . 12. D e c r e e for p o s s e s s i o n a n d m e s n e p r o f i t s . 13. D e c r e e i n a d m i n i s t r a t i o n suit. 14. D e c r e e i n p r e - e m p t i o n suit. 15. D e c r e e i n s u i t f o r d i s s o l u t i o n o f p a r t n e r s h i p . 16. D e c r e e in suit for a c c o u n t b e t w e e n p r i n c i p a l and agent. 17. S p e c i a l d i r e c t i o n s a s t o a c c o u n t s . 18. D e c r e e i n s u i t for p a r t i t i o n o f p r o p e r t y o r s e p a r a t e p o s s e s s i o n o f a share therein. 19. D e c r e e w h e n s e t - o f f i s a l l o w e d . A p p e a l f r o m d e c r e e r e l a t i n g t o set-off. 20. Certified copies of j u d g m e n t and decree to be furnished. INTEREST 2 1 . Interest on j u d g m e n t debts.

ORDER XXI: EXECUTION OF DECREES AND ORDERS PAYMENT UNDER DECREE

1. M o d e s of paying m o n e y under decree. 2. Payment out of court to decree-holder. COURTS 3. Lands 4. M o d e of transfer. its own decree shall be EXECUTING DECREES

situate in m o r e than one jurisdiction.

5. Procedure where court desires that executed by another court.

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6. C o u r t r e c e i v i n g c o p i e s of d e c r e e , etc., to file s a m e w i t h o u t proof. 7. E x e c u t i o n of d e c r e e of o r d e r by C o u r t to w h i c h it is sent. 8. Execution by H i g h Court of decree transferred by other court. APPLICATION FOR EXECUTION 9 . A p p l i c a t i o n for e x e c u t i o n . 10. O r a l application. Written application. 11. A p p l i c a t i o n for a t t a c h m e n t o f m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y n o t i n j u d g m e n t . debtor's possession. 1 2 . A p p l i c a t i o n for a t t a c h m e n t o f i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y t o c o n t a i n certain particulars. 13. A p p l i c a t i o n for e x e c u t i o n by j o i n t decree-holder. 14. A p p l i c a t i o n f o r e x e c u t i o n b y t r a n s f e r e e o f d e c r e e . 15. P r o c e d u r e on r e c e i v i n g application for e x e c u t i o n of d e c r e e . 16. E x e c u t i o n i n c a s e o f c r o s s d e c r e e s . 17. E x e c u t i o n i n c a s e o f c r o s s - c l a i m s u n d e r s a m e d e c r e e . 1 8 . C r o s s - d e c r e e s and cross-claims m m o r t g a g e suits. 19. S i m u l t a n e o u s e x e c u t i o n . NOTICE 20. Notice to 21. Procedure BEFORE EXECUTION

show cause against execution in certain cases. after i s s u e o f n o t i c e . PROCESS FOR EXECUTION

2 2 . P r o c e s s for e x e c u t i o n . 23. Endorsement on process. STAY OF EXECUTION 24. W h e n court m a y stay execution.

P o w e r to require security from, or impose conditions upon, judgment-debtor. 25. Liability of judgment-debtor discharged. 26. Order of court w h i c h passed decree or of appellate court to be b i n d i n g u p o n court applied to. 27. Stay of execution judgment-debtor. pending OF suit between decree-holder and

MODE

EXECUTION

2 8 . D e c r e e for p a y m e n t o f m o n e y . 2 9 . D e c r e e for specific m o v a b l e property. 3 0 . D e c r e e for s p e c i f i c p e r f o r m a n c e , for r e s t i t u t i o n o f c o n j u g a l r i g h t s , o r for a n i n j u n c t i o n . 3 1 . E x e c u t i o n o f d e c r e e s for r e s t i t u t i o n o f c o n j u g a l r i g h t s . 32. D e c r e e for e x e c u t i o n o f d o c u m e n t , o r e n d o r s e m e n t o f n e g o t i a b l e instrument.

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33. Decree

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for i m m o v a b l e property.

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3 4 . D e c r e e for d e l i v e r y o f i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y w h e n i n o c c u p a n c y of tenant.

ARREST AND DETENTION IN PRISON

35. Discretionary power to permit judgment-debtor to show cause against detention in prison. 3 6 . W a r r a n t for a r r e s t t o d i r e c t j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r t o b e b r o u g h t u p . 3 7 . R e q u e s t for arrest by telegram. 38. Subsistence allowance. 39. Proceedings on appearance of judgment-debtor in obedience to n o t i c e o r after a r r e s t .

ATTACHMENT OF PROPERTY
40. Examination of j u d g m e n t as to his property. 4 1 . A t t a c h m e n t i n c a s e o f d e c r e e for r e n t o r m e s n e profits o r o t h e r matter, amount of which to be subsequently determined. 42. A t t a c h m e n t of m o v a b l e property, other than agricultural produce, in possession of judgment-debtor. 43. Attachment 44. Provisions of agricultural produce. as to agricultural produce under attachment. and other property not in possession

45. Attachment of debt, share of judgment-debtor.

4 6 . A t t a c h m e n t o f share i n m o v a b l e s , 47. Attachment of salary. 48. Attachment of partnership property. 4 9 . E x e c u t i o n o f d e c r e e a g a i n s t firm. 50. Attachment of negotiable 52. Attachment of decrees. instruments. 5 1 . A t t a c h m e n t o f p r o p e r t y i n c u s t o d y o f c o u r t o r p u b l i c officer. 5 3 . Attachment of immovable property. 5 4 . R e m o v a l o f a t t a c h m e n t after s a t i s f a c t i o n o f d e c r e e . 5 5 . O r d e r for p a y m e n t o f c o i n o r c u r r e n c y n o t e s t o p a r t y e n t i t l e d under decree. 56. Determination of attachment. and objections to a t t a c h m e n t of,

INVESTIGATION OF CLAIMS AND OBJECTIONS

57. Investigation of claims to, attached property. P o s t p o n e m e n t o f sale. 59. Release

58. Evidence to be adduced by claimant. of property from attachment. 60. Disallowance of claim to property attached. 6 1 . Continuance of attachment subject to claim of encumbrance. 62. S a v i n g of suits to establish right to attached property.

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SALE GENERALLY
63. P o w e r to order property attached to be sold and proceeds to be paid to person entitled. 64. Sales by w h o m conducted and h o w m a d e . 65. Proclamation of sales by public auction. 66. M o d e 67. Time of making proclamation. o f sale.

6 8 . A d j o u r n m e n t o r s t o p p a g e o f sale. 6 9 . D e f a u l t i n g p u r c h a s e r a n s w e r a b l e for l o s s o n r e - s a l e . 70. D e c r e e - h o l d e r n o t t o b i d for o r b u y p r o p e r t y w i t h o u t permission. Where decree-holder purchases, amount of decree m a y be taken as payment. 71. R e s t r i c t i o n o n b i d d i n g o r p u r c h a s e b y officer.

SALE OF MOVABLE PROPERTY

72. Sale of agricultural produce. 73. Special provisions relating to growing crops. 74. Negotiable instruments and shares in corporations. 7 5 . Sale by public auction. 76. Irregularity n o t to vitiate sale, but any person injured m a y sue. 77. Delivery of movable property, debts and shares. 78. Transfer of negotiable instruments and shares. 79. Vesting order in case of other property.

SALE OF IMMOVABLE PROPERTY

80. W h a t c o u r t s m a y o r d e r sales. 8 1 . P o s t p o n e m e n t of sale to enable j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r to raise a m o u n t of decree. 82. D e p o s i t by 83. Time 84. P r o c e d u r e 86. Bid p u r c h a s e r and re-sale on default. in default of payment. for p a y m e n t i n full o f p u r c h a s e - m o n e y .

85. Notification, on re-sale. of co-sharer to have preference. 87. A p p l i c a t i o n to set aside sale on deposit. 88. A p p l i c a t i o n to set aside sale on g r o u n d of irregularity or fraud. 89. A p p l i c a t i o n by p u r c h a s e r to set aside sale on g r o u n d of j u d g m e n t debtor h a v i n g no saleable interest. 90. Sale w h e n to b e c o m e absolute or be set aside. 9 1 . Return of purchase-money in certain cases. 92. Certificate to purchaser. 93. Delivery of property in occupancy of judgment-debtor. 94. Delivery of property in occupancy of tenant. 2

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RESISTANCE TO DELIVERY OF POSSESSION TO DECREEHOLDER OR PURCHASER

95. Resistance 96. Resistance or obstruction to possession of immovable property. or obstruction by judgment-debtor.

9 7 . R e s i s t a n c e o r o b s t r u c t i o n b y bona fide c l a i m a n t . 98. Dispossession by decree-holder or purchaser. 9 9 . Bona fide c l a i m a n t t o b e r e s t o r e d t o p o s s e s s i o n . 1 0 0 . R u l e s n o t a p p l i c a b l e t o t r a n s f e r e e pendente lite. 1 0 1 . O r d e r s c o n c l u s i v e s u b j e c t t o r e g u l a r suit.

O R D E R XXII: DEATH, M A R R I A G E A N D INSOLVENCY OF PARTIES

1. No abatement by party's death if right to sue survives.

2. P r o c e d u r e w h e r e o n e of several plaintiffs or defendants dies and right to sue survives. 3. Procedure in plaintiff. case of death of o n e of several plaintiffs or of sole

4. Procedure in case of death of one of several defendants or of sole defendant. 5. Determination of question as to legal representative. 6. No a b a t e m e n t b y r e a s o n o f d e a t h after h e a r i n g . 7. Suit not abated by marriage of female party. 8 . W h e n plaintiff's i n s o l v e n c y b a r s suit. P r o c e d u r e w h e r e a s s i g n e e fails t o c o n t i n u e s u i t o r g i v e s e c u r i t y . 9. Effect of a b a t e m e n t or d i s m i s s a l . 10. P r o c e d u r e 12. A p p l i c a t i o n in case o f a s s i g n m e n t b e f o r e f i n a l o r d e r i n suit. 11. Application of O r d e r to appeals. of Order to proceedings.

O R D E R XXIII: W I T H D R A W A L AND A D J U S T M E N T OF SUITS

1. W i t h d r a w a l 3. C o m p r o m i s e 4. Proceedings of suit o f suit. in e x e c u t i o n of d e c r e e s n o t affected. or a b a n d o n m e n t of part of claim.

2. Limitation law n o t affected by fresh suit,

ORDER XXIV: PAYMENTS

1. Deposit by 2. Notice 3. Interest on defendant deposit not

INTO COURT

of a m o u n t in satisfaction of claim. a l l o w e d t o p l a i n t i f f after n o t i c e .

of deposit.

4. P r o c e d u r e w h e r e plaintiff accepts deposit as satisfaction m part. P r o c e d u r e w h e r e h e a c c e p t s i t a s s a t i s f a c t i o n i n full.

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ORDER XXV: SECURITY FOR COSTS

1. W h e n s e c u r i t y f o r c o s t s m a y b e r e q u i r e d f r o m plaintiff.

Residence out of Tanzania. 2. Effect of failure to furnish security.

ORDER XXVI: COMMISSIONS COMMISSIONS TO EXAMINE WITNESSES

1 . C a s e s i n w h i c h c o u r t m a y issue c o m m i s s i o n t o e x a m i n e w i t n e s s . 2. O r d e r for c o m m i s s i o n . 3. W h e r e witness resides within court's jurisdiction. 4 . P e r s o n s for w h o s e e x a m i n a t i o n c o m m i s s i o n m a y issue. 5. Commission or request to examine witness not within Tanganyika. 6. Court to examine witness pursuant to commission. 7. Return of commission with depositions of witnesses. 8. W h e n depositions m a y be read in evidence.

COMMISSION FOR LOCAL INVESTIGATIONS

9. C o m m i s s i o n s to m a k e local investigation. 10. P r o c e d u r e o f c o m m i s s i o n e r . R e p o r t a n d d e p o s i t i o n t o b e e v i d e n c e i n suit. Commissioner m a y be examined m person.

COMMISSIONS TO EXAMINE ACCOUNTS

1 1 . C o m m i s s i o n t o e x a m i n e o r adjust accounts. 12. C o u r t t o give Commissioner necessary instructions. and report to be evidence, court m a y direct further Proceedings inquiry.

COMMISSIONS TO MAKE PARTITIONS

1 3 . C o m m i s s i o n to m a k e partition of i m m o v a b l e property. 14. Procedure of commissioner.

GENERAL PROVISIONS
1 5 . E x p e n s e s of c o m m i s s i o n to be p a i d into court. 16. Powers of commissioners. and examination of witnesses before commissioner. 17. Attendance

18. P a r t i e s t o a p p e a r b e f o r e c o m m i s s i o n e r .

ORDER XXVII: SUITS BY OR AGAINST MILITARY MEN

1. Officers or soldiers w h o cannot obtain leave m a y authorize any person to sue or defend for them.

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2. Person so

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act personally or appoint-advocate. advocate, to be good

3. Service on person so authorized, or on his service.

ORDER XXVIII: SUITS BY OR AGAINST CORPORATIONS

1. Subscription and verification, of p l e a d i n g , 2. Service on corporation. require p e r s o n a l attendance of officer of corporation. 3. Power to

O R D E R XXIX: SUITS BY OR AGAINST FIRMS AND P E R S O N S C A R R Y I N G ON BUSINESS IN N A M E S O T H E R THAN THEIR OWN

1. S u i n g of partners in n a m e of firm. 2. Disclosure 3. Service. 4 . R i g h t o f suit 6. Appearance 8. Appearance 9. Suits on death of partner. 5. Notice in w h a t capacity served. of partners.. under protest. other than 7. No appearance except by partners. between co-partners. of partners' names.

10. S u i t a g a i n s t p e r s o n c a r r y i n g o n b u s i n e s s i n n a m e his own.

O R D E R XXX: - SUITS BY OR, AGAINST TRUSTEES, EXECUTORS AND ADMINISTRATORS

1. Representation of beneficiaries vested-in trustees, etc. in suits concerning property

2. Joinder of trustees, executors and administrators.

O R D E R XXXI: SUITS BY OR AGAINST MINORS AND PERSONS OF U N S O U N D MIND

1 . M i n o r t o sue b y n e x t friend. 2. W h e r e suit is instituted w i t h o u t n e x t friend, plaint to be t a k e n off t h e file. 3 . G u a r d i a n for, t h e s u i t t o b e a p p o i n t e d b y c o u r t f o r m i n o r defendant. 4. W h o may a c t a s n e x t f r i e n d o r b e a p p o i n t e d g u a r d i a n f o r t h e suit. suit. 5 . R e p r e s e n t a t i o n o f m i n o r b y n e x t f r i e n d o r g u a r d i a n for t h e

6. R e c e i p t by n e x t friend or g u a r d i a n for the suit of p r o p e r t y u n d e r decree for minor. 7 . A g r e e m e n t o r c o m p r o m i s e b y n e x t f r i e n d o r g u a r d i a n f o r t h e suit. 8. R e t i r e m e n t 9. R e m o v a l o f n e x t friend. o f n e x t friend.

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10. S t a y o f p r o c e e d i n g o n r e m o v a l , e t c . , o f n e x t friend. 1 1 . R e t i r e m e n t , r e m o v a l o r d e a t h o f g u a r d i a n for t h e suit. 12. C o u r s e t o b e f o l l o w e d attaining majority. 13. W h e r e suit. by minor plaintiff or applicant on

m i n o r co-plaintiff attaining

majority desires to repudiate

14. U n r e a s o n a b l e o r i m p r o p e r suit. 15. A p p l i c a t i o n o f r u l e s t o p e r s o n s o f u n s o u n d m i n d . ORDER XXXII: SUITS RELATING TO IMMOVABLE MORTGAGES OF

PROPERTY,

1. Parties to suits for foreclosure, sale and r e d e m p t i o n . 2. Preliminary decree in foreclosure-suit. 3. Final decree in foreclosure-suit. Power to enlarge time. D i s c h a r g e of debt. 4. P r e l i m i n a r y d e c r e e in suit for sale. 5. F i n a l d e c r e e in suit for sale. 6. Recovery of balance due on mortgage. 7. Preliminary decree in redemption-suit. 8. Final decree in redemption-suit. Power to enlarge time. 9. Decree where nothing is found due or where been overpaid. 10. C o s t s o f m o r t g a g e e s u b s e q u e n t t o d e c r e e . 11. Right of m e s n e - m o r t g a g e e to r e d e e m and foreclose. 12. S a l e of property subject to prior mortgage. 13. Application of proceeds. 14. S u i t f o r p o s s e s s i o n . 15. I n t e r p r e t a t i o n . 16. M o r t g a g e s b y d e p o s i t o f t i t l e d e e d s a n d c h a r g e s . ORDER XXXIII: 1. P l a i n t in i n t e r p l e a d e r suits. 2. P a y m e n t of thing claimed into court. 3. Procedure 5. Agents 6. C h a r g e where d e f e n d a n t i s s u i n g plaintiff. interpleader-suits. 4 . P r o c e d u r e a t first h e a r i n g . and tenants m a y n o t institute for p l a i n t i f f ' s c o s t s . INTERPLEADER. mortgagee has
.

P o w e r t o d e c r e e s a l e i n f o r e c l o s u r e suit.

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ORDER XXXIV: SPECIAL CASE

1. P o w e r to state case for court's opinion. stated.

2. W h e r e value of subject-matter m u s t be

3 . A g r e e m e n t t o b e f i l e d a n d r e g i s t e r e d a s suit. 4. Parties to be subject to court's jurisdiction. 5. Hearing and disposal of case.

ORDER XXXV: SUMMARY PROCEDURE

1. A p p l i c a t i o n 2. Institution of O r d e r . of s u m m a r y suits. on merits to have leave to appear.

3. Defendant showing defence 4. P o w e r to set aside decree.

5. P o w e r to o r d e r bill, etc., to be d e p o s i t e d w i t h officer of court. 6. Recovery of cost of noting non-acceptance or note. 7. P r o c e d u r e in suits. of d i s h o n o u r e d bill

ORDER XXXVI: ARREST AND ATTACHMENT BEFORE JUDGMENT ARREST BEFORE JUDGMENT
1. W h e r e defendant m a y be called u p o n to furnish appearance. 2. Request 3. Security. 4. Procedure on application by surety to be discharged. 5. Procedure where security. d e f e n d a n t fails t o f u r n i s h s e c u r i t y o r f i n d f r e s h for arrest by telegram. security for

ATTACHMENT BEFORE JUDGMENT

6. W h e r e defendant m a y be called u p o n to furnish production of property. 7. Attachment where 8. M o d e of making attachment. attached before judgment. security for

cause not s h o w n or security not furnished.

9. Investigation of claim to property

10. R e m o v a l o f a t t a c h m e n t w h e n s e c u r i t y f u r n i s h e d o r s u i t d i s m i s s e d . 1 1 . A t t a c h m e n t b e f o r e j u d g m e n t n o t t o affect r i g h t s o f s t r a n g e r s n o r b a r d e c r e e - h o l d e r f r o m a p p l y i n g for s a l e . 12. P r o p e r t y a t t a c h e d b e f o r e execution of decree. judgment not to be re-attached in

13. Agricultural produce not attachable before judgment.

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ORDER XXXVII: TEMPORARY INJUNCTIONS AND

INTERLOCUTORY ORDERS TEMPORARY INJUNCTIONS 1. Cases in which temporary injunction m a y be granted.

2. Injunction to restrain repetition or continuance of breach. 3. Before granting injunction court to direct notice to opposite party. 4. Order for injunction m a y be discharged, varied or set aside. 5 . I n j u n c t i o n t o c o r p o r a t i o n b i n d i n g o n its o f f i c e r s . INTERLOCUTORY 6. P o w e r to order interim sale. 7. Detention, preservation, inspection, etc., of suit. 8 . A p p l i c a t i o n for s u c h o r d e r s t o b e after n o t i c e . 9. Deposits of m o n e y , etc., in court. ORDER XXXVIII: 1. Appointment 3. Duties. 4. Enforcement of receiver's duties. ORDER XXXIX: 1. Form APPEALS FROM ORIGINAL DECREES APPOINTMENT OF RECEIVERS subject-matter of ORDERS

of receivers.

2. Remuneration.

of appeal.

W h a t to accompany memorandum.

Contents of memorandum. 2. Grounds which m a y be taken on appeal. 3. Rejection or amendment of memorandum. 4. O n e of several plaintiffs or defendants m a y obtain reversal of w h o l e d e c r e e w h e r e i t p r o c e e d s o n g r o u n d c o m m o n t o all. STAY OF PROCEEDINGS AND OF EXECUTION 5. Stay by appellate Court. Stay b y c o u r t w h i c h p a s s e d t h e d e c r e e . 6. Security in case of o r d e r for e x e c u t i o n of d e c r e e a p p e a l e d from. 7. No security to be required from the G o v e r n m e n t or a public officer in c e r t a i n c a s e s . 8. Exercise of powers in appeal from order m a d e in execution of decree. PROCEDURE ON ADMISSION OF APPEAL 9. Registration of m e m o r a n d u m of appeal. Register of Appeals. 10. A p p e l l a t e C o u r t m a y r e q u i r e a p p e l l a n t t o f u r n i s h costs. W h e r e an appellant resides out of Tanzania. security for

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11. P o w e r to dismiss appeal w i t h o u t sending notice to lower court. 12. D a y for h e a r i n g appeal. 13. H i g h C o u r t t o g i v e n o t i c e t o c o u r t w h o s e d e c r e e a p p e a l e d from. Transmission of papers to High Court. C o p i e s of exhibits in court w h o s e decree appealed from. 14. P u b l i c a t i o n 15. C o n t e n t s of and service of n o t i c e of d a y for h e a r i n g of appeal. H i g h C o u r t m a y itself c a u s e n o t i c e t o b e s e r v e d . notice.

PROCEDURE ON HEARING
16. R i g h t t o b e g i n . 17. D i s m i s s a l o f a p p e a l for a p p e l l a n t ' s d e f a u l t . H e a r i n g a p p e a l ex parte. 18. D i s m i s s a l o f a p p e a l w h e r e n o t i c e n o t s e r v e d i n c o n s e q u e n c e o f appellants failure to deposit costs. 19. R e - a d m i s s i o n o f a p p e a l d i s m i s s e d for d e f a u l t . 20. P o w e r to adjourn hearing and direct persons appearing interested to be made respondents. 2 1 . Re-hearing on decree made. application o f r e s p o n d e n t a g a i n s t w h o m e x parte as if he had

22. U p o n hearing respondent m a y object to decree preferred separate appeal.

I

F o r m o f o b j e c t i o n a n d provis i o n s a p p l i c a b l e t h e r e t o . 2 3 . R e m a n d of case, by H i g h Court. 24. W h e r e evidence c a s e finally. on record sufficient H i g h Court m a y determine a n d refer t h e m for trial t o

25. W h e r e High Court m a y frame issues court w h o s e decree appealed from. Objections to finding. Determination 28. Mode of appeal. 27. Production of additional evidence in of taking additional evidence. 29. Points to be defined and recorded.

26. Findings and evidence to be put on record.

H i g h Court.

JUDGMENT IN APPEAL
30. Judgment w h e n and where pronounced. 3 1 . Contents, date and signature of judgment. 32. W h a t j u d g m e n t m a y direct. High Court. be recorded.

33. Power of 34. Dissent to

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DECREE IN APPEAL
35. Date and contents of decree.

Judge

dissenting from j u d g m e n t need not sign decree. sent to court whose decree

36. Copies of j u d g m e n t and decree to be furnished to parties. 37. Certified copy of decree to be appealed from.

ORDER XL: APPEALS

1. A p p e a l s from orders. 2. Procedure.

FROM

ORDERS

ORDER XLI: REFERENCE

1. Reference of question to High Court.' 2. Court may pass decree contingent u p o n decision of H i g h Court. and case disposed 3. Judgment of High Court to be transmitted, of accordingly. 4. Costs of reference to H i g h Court.

5 . P o w e r t o alter, e t c . , d e c r e e o f c o u r t m a k i n g r e f e r e n c e . 6. P o w e r to refer to H i g h C o u r t questions as to jurisdiction.

ORDER XLII: REVIEW

1. A p p l i c a t i o n for r e v i e w of j u d g m e n t . 2. To whom applications for r e v i e w m a y b e m a d e . 3. F o r m of applications 4. Application where for r e v i e w .

rejected.

Application where granted. 5 . A p p l i c a t i o n for r e v i e w i n c o u r t c o n s i s t i n g of. t w o o r m o r e j u d g e s . 6. Application w h e r e rejected. 7. Order of rejection not appealable. Objections to order granting application. 8 . R e g i s t r y o f a p p l i c a t i o n g r a n t e d , a n d o r d e r for, r e - h e a r i n g , 9. Bar of certain applications.

ORDER XLIII: MISCELLANEOUS

1. P o w e r s of Registrars. 2. Applications. 3. Process to be served at expense of party issuing. C o s t s o f service. 4. Orders and notices h o w served. of H i g h Court m a y be notified by telegram, 5. Directions

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THE SECOND SCHEDULE ARBITRATION

ARBITRATION IN SUITS 1. Parties to suit m a y apply for order of reference. of arbitrator.

2. Appointment

3. Order of reference. 4. W h e r e reference is to two or more, order to provide for

difference of opinion. 5. P o w e r of court to a p p o i n t arbitrator in certain cases. 6. P o w e r s of arbitrator or u m p i r e appointed u n d e r rule 4 or 5. 7. S u m m o n i n g witnesses and default.

8 . E x t e n s i o n o f t i m e for m a k i n g a w a r d . 9. W h e r e u m p i r e m a y arbitrate in lieu of arbitrators. 1 0 . A w a r d t o b e signed a n d filed. 11. Statement of special case by arbitrators or umpire. 1 2 . P o w e r t o modify o r correct a w a r d . 13. O r d e r as to costs of arbitration. 14. W h e r e award or matter referred to arbitration m a y tit r e m i t t e d .

1 5 . G r o u n d s for setting aside award. 16. Judgment to be according to award.

ORDER OF REFERENCE ON AGREEMENTS TO REFER

17. A p p l i c a t i o n t o file i n c o u r t a g r e e m e n t t o r e f e r t o a r b i t r a t i o n . 1 8 . S t a y o f suit w h e r e t h e r e i s a n a g r e e m e n t t o r e f e r t o a r b i t r a t i o n . 19. P r o v i s i o n s a p p l i c a b l e t o p r o c e e d i n g s u n d e r rule 17.

ARBITRATION WITHOUT THE INTERVENTION OF A COURT

20. Filing a w a r d in m a t t e r referred to arbitration w i t h o u t interven tion of court. 2 1 . Filing an enforcement of such award.

No. 49

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27

THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA

N o . 49 O F 1966

I ASSENT,

2 7 T H OCTOBER, 1966

An Act to replace the Indian Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 hereto in force in Tanganyika

[
E N A C T E D by the Parliament of the United Republic of Tanzania.

PRELIMINARY
1. This A c t m a y be cited as the Civil Procedure C o d e , 1966, and s h a l l c o m e i n t o o p e r a t i o n o n s u c h d a t e a s t h e M i n i s t e r for t h e t i m e b e i n g r e s p o n s i b l e f o r l e g a l affairs s h a l l , b y n o t i c e i n t h e Gazette, a p p o i n t . 2. Subject to the express provisions of any written law, the provis i o n s o f t h i s C o d e s h a l l a p p l y t o all p r o c e e d i n g s i n t h e H i g h C o u r t of the United Republic, courts of resident magistrates and district courts. 3. In this Code, unless the context otherwise requires''advocate'' shall h a v e the m e a n i n g ascribed to it m the A d v o c a t e s Ordi nance; ''court'' except in the expression ''foreign court'' m e a n s the H i g h Court, of the U n i t e d R e p u b l i c , a court of a r e s i d e n t magistrate or a district court presided over by a civil magistrate and references to a district court are references to a district court presided over by a civil magistrate; ' ' d e c r e e ' ' m e a n s t h e f o r m a l e x p r e s s i o n o f a n a d j u d i c a t i o n w h i c h , s o far a s r e g a r d s t h e c o u r t e x p r e s s i n g it, c o n c l u s i v e l y d e t e r m i n e s t h e r i g h t s o f t h e p a r t i e s w i t h r e g a r d t o all o r a n y o f t h e m a t t e r s i n c o n t r o v e r s y i n t h e s u i t a n d m a y b e e i t h e r p r e l i m i n a r y o r final. It shall be d e e m e d to include the rejection of a plaint and the determination of any question within section 38 or section 89, but shall not include( a ) a n a d j u d i c a t i o n f r o m w h i c h a n a p p e a l lies a s a n a p p e a l f r o m a n o r d e r ; or
Short title and commencement Application

Interpre tation Cap. 341

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( b ) any o r d e r o f d i s m i s s a l for default. Explanation: A d e c r e e i s p r e l i m i n a r y w h e n f u r t h e r p r o c e e d i n g s h a v e t o b e t a k e n b e f o r e t h e s u i t c a n b e c o m p l e t e l y d i s p o s e d of. I t i s f i n a l w h e n s u c h , a d j u d i c a t i o n c o m p l e t e l y d i s p o s e s o f t h e suit. I t m a y be partly preliminary and partly final; ''decree-holder means any person in whose favour a decree has been passed or an order capable of execution has been made; "foreign court'' m e a n s a court situated b e y o n d the limits of T a n z a n i a w h i c h has no authority in Tanzania.; ''foreign j u d g m e n t ' ' m e a n s the j u d g m e n t of a foreign court; ''High Court'' m e a n s the High Court of the United Republic; judgment'' m e a n s the statement given by the Judge or the magistrate of the g r o u n d s of a decree or order; "judgment debtor" means any person against w h o m a decree has been passed or an order capable of execution has been made; ''legal representative'' m e a n s a p e r s o n w h o in l a w represents the estate of a d e c e a s e d p e r s o n , an with the estate of the deceased and w h e r e a party sues or is sued in a representative character the person on w h o m the estate d e valves on the death of the party so suing or sued; " m e s n e profits'' of property m e a n s those profits w h i c h the p e r s o n in wrongful possession of such property actually received or m i g h t with ordinary diligence have received therefrom together with interest on such profits, b u t shall n o t include profits d u e to improve ments m a d e by the person in wrongful possession; "movable property'' includes growing crops; "order'' m e a n s the formal expression of any decision of a civil court w h i c h is not a decree; ''prescribed'' m e a n s prescribed by rules; "rules'' m e a n s the rules c o n t a i n e d in the First and S e c o n d S c h e d u l e s or m a d e under sections 29, 45 or 82; "share in a corporation'' shall be d e e m e d to include stock, debenture stock, debentures, or bonds- and ''signed'' save in the case of a j u d g m e n t or d e c r e e , i n c l u d e s s t a m p e d .
I

Subordination 4. For the purpose of this C o d e , every court of a resident magistrate of courts and every district court is subordinate to the H i g h Court, and every district court is subordinate to the court of the resident magistrate within the area of w h o s e jurisdiction it is situate. Saving o f procerdued ^ law
p r e s c r e r

5. In in this form of being in

the a b s e n c e of any specific provision to the contrary, n o t h i n g C o d e shall be d e e m e d to limit or o t h e r w i s e affect any special p r o c e d u r e p r e s c r i b e d b y o r u n d e r a n y o t h e r l a w for t h e t i m e force.

Pecuniary
j u r i s d i c t i o n

6 . S a v e i n s o far a s i s o t h e r w i s e e x p r e s s l y p r o v i d e d , n o t h i n g h e r e i n c o n t a i n e d shall operate t o give any court jurisdiction o v e r suits the amount or value of the subject-matter of which exceeds the pecuniary limits (if any) of its o r d i n a r y j u r i s d i c t i o n .

No.

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PART I
JURISDICTION OF COURTS AND RES JUDICATA (1) T h e c o u r t s shall ( s u b j e c t t o t h e p r o v i s i o n s h e r e i n c o n t a i n e d ) h a v e j u r i s d i c t i o n t o t r y all s u i t s o f a c i v i l n a t u r e e x c e p t i n g s u i t s o f w h i c h their cognizance is either expressly or impliedly barred. (2) No suit shall be o p e n to o b j e c t i o n on the g r o u n d t h a t a m e r e l y declaratory j u d g m e n t or order is sought thereby, and the court m a y m a k e binding declarations of right whether or not any consequential relief is or could be claimed. 8 . N o c o u r t s h a l l p r o c e e d w i t h t h e t r i a l o f a n y s u i t i n w h i c h t h e stay o f suit matter in issue is also directly and substantially in issue in a previously instituted suit b e t w e e n the s a m e parties, or b e t w e e n parties u n d e r w h o m t h e y o r a n y o f t h e m c l a i m litigating u n d e r the s a m e title w h e r e s u c h suit i s p e n d i n g in, t h e s a m e o r a n y o t h e r c o u r t i n T a n g a n y i k a h a v i n g j u r i s d i c tion to grant the relief claimed. Explanation: T h e p e n d e n c y o f a s u i t i n a f o r e i g n c o u r t d o e s n o t p r e c l u d e t h e c o u r t s i n T a n g a n y i k a f r o m t r y i n g a suit f o u n d e d o n the s a m e cause of action. 9. N o c o u r t s h a l l t r y a n y s u i t o r i s s u e i n w h i c h t h e m a t t e r d i r e c t l y and substantially in issue has been directly and substantially issue in a f o r m e r suit b e t w e e n t he s a m e parties or b e t w e e n parties u n d e r w h o m t h e y or any of t h e m c l a i m litigating u n d e r the s a m e title in a court c o m p e t e n t to try such s u b s e q u e n t suit or the suit m w h i c h such issue h a s b e e n subsequently raised and h a s b e e n h e a r d and finally decided by such court. Explanation I: T h e e x p r e s s i o n ' ' f o r m e r suit'' s h a l l d e n o t e a s u i t w h i c h h a s b e e n decided prior to the suit in question w h e t h e r or not it w a s instituted prior thereto. Explanation II: F o r t h e p u r p o s e s o f t h i s s e c t i o n , t h e , c o m p e t e n c e of a court shall be determined irrespective of any provisions as to a right of appeal from the decision of such court. Explanation III: T h e matter a b o v e referred to m u s t the former suit h a v e b e e n alleged by one party and either denied or admitted, expressly or impliedly, by the other. Explanation IV: A n y m a t t e r , w h i c h m i g h t a n d o u g h t t o h a v e b e e n m a d e g r o u n d of defence, or attack in such former suit shall be d e e m e d t o h a v e b e e n a m a t t e r d i r e c t l y a n d s u b s t a n t i a l l y i n issue i n s u c h suit. Explanation V: A n y relief c l a i m e d in the plaint, w h i c h is n o t e x p r e s s l y g r a n t e d b y t h e d e c r e e , s h a l l , for t h e p u r p o s e s o f t h i s section, be deemed to have been refused. Explanation VI. W h e r e p e r s o n s l i t i g a t e b o n a f i d e i n r e s p e c t o f a p u b l i c right or of a private right c l a i m e d in c o m m o n for them selves a n d o t h e r , all p e r s o n s interested in s u c h right shall, for t h e purposes of this section, be d e e m e d to claim under the persons so litigating.
Res judicata

Jurisdiction

o f courts

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10. W h e r e a p l a i n t i f f is p r e c l u d e d by r u l e s f r o m i n s t i t u t i n g a f u r t h e r suit i n r e s p e c t o f any particular cause o f action, h e shall n o t b e entitled to institute a suit in respect of such cause of action m any court to w h i c h this C o d e applies.

W h e n foreign 11. A foreign j u d g m e n t shall be conclusive as to any m a t t e r thereby judgment not d i r e c t l y a d j u d i c a t e d u p o n b e t w e e n t h e s a m e p a r t i e s o r b e t w e e n p a r t i e s u n d e r w h o m t h e y o r any o f t h e m c l a i m litigating u n d e r the s a m e title exceptc o n c l u s i v e

(a) where it has not been pronounced jurisdiction;

by

court of competent

(b) w h e r e it has not b e e n given on the merits of the case; (c) w h e r e it appears on the face of the proceedings to be founded on an incorrect v i e w of international law or a refusal to recognize the law of Tanganyika in cases in which such law is applicable; ( d ) w h e r e the p r o c e e d i n g s in w h i c h the j u d g m e n t w a s obtained are opposed to natural justice; (e) where it has been obtained by fraud; (f) w h e r e it s u s t a i n s a c l a i m f o u n d e d on a b r e a c h of a n y l a w in f o r c e in Tanganyika. Presumption as to foreign judgment 12. T h e c o u r t s h a l l p r e s u m e , u p o n t h e p r o d u c t i o n o f a n y d o c u m e n t purporting to be a certified copy of a foreign j u d g m e n t that such j u d g m e n t w a s pronounced by a court of competent jurisdiction, unless t h e c o n t r a r y a p p e a r s o n t h e r e c o r d ; b u t s u c h p r e s u m p t i o n m a y b e dis placed by proving want of jurisdiction.

PLACE OF SUING
Court in which suits instituted 13. E v e r y s u i t s h a l l b e i n s t i t u t e d i n t h e c o u r t o f t h e l o w e s t g r a d e c o m p e t e n t t o t r y it. F o r t h e p u r p o s e s o f t h i s s e c t i o n , a c o u r t o f a resident magistrate and a district court shall be d e e m e d to be courts of the same grade.

Suits to be 14. S u b j e c t t o t h e p e c u n i a r y o r o t h e r l i m i t a t i o n s p r e s c r i b e d b y a n y instituted law, suitswhere subject-matter (a) for the r e c o v e r y of i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y w i t h or w i t h o u t rent or situate profits; (b) for t h e p a r t i t i o n o f i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y ; (c) f o r f o r e c l o s u r e , sale o r r e d e m p t i o n o n t h e c a s e o f a m o r t a g e o f or charge upon immovable property; (d) for t h e d e t e r m i n a t i o n o f a n y o t h e r r i g h t t o o r i n t e r e s t i n i m m o v a b l e property; (e) for c o m p e n s a t i o n for w r o n g t o i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y ; o r (f) f o r t h e r e c o v e r y o f m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y a c t u a l l y u n d e r d i s t r a i n t o r attachment, shall be instituted in the court w i t h i n the local limits of w h o s e jurisdic tion the property is situate:

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P r o v i d e d that a suit to obtain relief respecting, or c o m p e n s a t i o n for w r o n g to, i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y h e l d b y o r o n b e h a l f o f the d e f e n d a n t m a y , w h e r e the relief sought can be entirely obtained through his personal obedience, be instituted either in the court within the local limits of w h o s e jurisdiction the property is situate, or in the court within the local limits of w h o s e jurisdiction the defendant actually and voluntarily resides, or carries on b u s i n e s s , or p e r s o n a l l y w o r k s for gain. Explanation: In this situated in Tanganyika. section ''property'' means the property
Suits for immovable property situate within jurisdiction of different courts Place of institution of suit where local limits of jurisdiction of courts are uncertain

15. W h e r e a s u i t i s t o o b t a i n r e l i e f r e s p e c t i n g , o r c o m p e n s a t i o n f o r w r o n g to, i m m o v a b l e property situate within the jurisdiction of different courts, the suit m a y be instituted in any court w i t h i n the local limits o f w h o s e j u r i s d i c t i o n a n y p o r t i o n o f t h e p r o p e r t y i s s i t u a t e , if, i n r e s p e c t o f t h e v a l u e o f t h e s u b j e c t - m a t t e r o f t h e suit, t h e e n t i r e c l a i m i s o f cognizable by such court. 16.-(1) W h e r e i t i s a l l e g e d t o b e u n c e r t a i n w i t h i n t h e l o c a l l i m i t s o f the jurisdiction of which of t w o or more courts any immovable property is situate, any one of those courts m a y , if satisfied that there is g r o u n d for the alleged uncertainty, r e c o r d a s t a t e m e n t to that effect a n d there u p o n p r o c e e d to entertain a n d dispose of any suit relating to that p r o p e r t y , a n d its d e c r e e i n t h e s u i t s h a l l h a v e t h e s a m e e f f e c t a s i f t h e p r o p e r t y w e r e situate w i t h i n t h e l o c a l limits o f its j u r i s d i c t i o n : P r o v i d e d that the suit is o n e w i t h respect to w h i c h the court is c o m p e t e n t as r e g a r d s the nature and v a l u e of the suit to exercise jurisdic tion. (2) W h e r e a s t a t e m e n t h a s n o t b e e n r e c o r d e d u n d e r s u b - s e c t i o n ( 1 ) , and an objection is taken before an appellate or revisional. court that a decree or order in a suit relating to such property w a s m a d e by a court n o t h a v i n g jurisdiction w h e r e the property is situate, the appellate o r r e v i s i o n a l c o u r t s h a l l n o t a l l o w t h e o b j e c t i o n u n l e s s i n its o p i n i o n t h e r e w a s , a t t h e t i m e o f t h e i n s t i t u t i o n o f t h e suit, n o r e a s o n a b l e g r o u n d for u n c e r t a i n t y a s t o t h e c o u r t h a v i n g j u r i s d i c t i o n w i t h r e s p e c t thereto and there has b e e n a c o n s e q u e n t failure of justice. 17. W h e r e a s u i t i s for c o m p e n s a t i o n f o r w r o n g d o n e t o t h e p e r s o n or to m o v a b l e property, if the w r o n g w a s done within the local limits of the jurisdiction of one court and the defendant resides, or carries on b u s i n e s s , o r p e r s o n a l l y w o r k s for g a i n , w i t h i n t h e l o c a l l i m i t s o f t h e jurisdiction of another court, the suit m a y be instituted at the option of t h e plaintiff in e i t h e r of t h e s a i d c o u r t s . 18. S u b j e c t t o t h e l i m i t a t i o n s a f o r e s a i d , e v e r y s u i t s h a l l b e i n s t i t u t e d in a court within the local limits of w h o s e jurisdiction( a ) the defendant, or each of the defendants w h e r e there are m o r e t h a n o n e , a t t h e t i m e o f t h e c o m m e n c e m e n t o f t h e suit, a c t u a l l y and voluntarily resides, or carries on business, or personally w o r k s for g a i n ; or

Suits of compensation for wrongs to person or movable

Other suits to be instituted where defendants reside or cause of action arises

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(b) a n y o f t h e d e f e n d a n t s , w h e r e t h e r e a r e m o r e t h a n o n e , a t t h e t i m e o f the c o m m e n c e m e n t o f suit, actually a n d v o l u n t a r i l y resides, or carries on business, or personally w o r k s for gain, provided that in such case either the leave of the court is given or the defendants w h o do, not reside or carry on business, or p e r s o n a l l y w o r k for g a i n , a s a f o r e s a i d , a c q u i e s c e i n s u c h institu tion; or (c) t h e c a u s e o f a c t i o n , w h o l l y o r i n p a r t , a r i s e s . Explanation I: W h e r e a p e r s o n h a s a p e r m a n e n t d w e l l i n g at o n e place a n d also a t e m p o r a r y residence at another place, he shall be d e e m e d to reside at both places m respect of any cause of action arising at the place w h e r e he has such t e m p o r a r y residence. Explanation II: A c o r p o r a t i o n s h a l l be d e e m e d to c a r r y on b u s i n e s s a t its s o l e o r p r i n c i p a l o f f i c e i n T a n g a n y i k a , o r , i n r e s p e c t o f a n y cause of action arising at any place w h e r e it has also a subordinate office, at such place.
Objections

to
jurisdiction

19. N o o b j e c t i o n a s t o t h e p l a c e o f s u i n g s h a l l b e a l l o w e d b y a n y appellate or revisional court unless such objection w a s taken in the c o u r t o f first i n s t a n c e a t t h e e a r l i e s t p o s s i b l e o p p o r t u n i t y a n d i n all cases w h e r e issues are settled at or before such settlement, and unless there has b e e n a c o n s e q u e n t failure of justice. 20. W h e r e a s u i t m a y b e i n s t i t u t e d i n a n y o n e o f t w o o r m o r e d i s t r i c t courts within the area of the jurisdiction of a court of a resident magistrate, and is instituted in one of such courts, not being the court of the resident magistrate(a) i f b e f o r e a n y e v i d e n c e h a s b e e n t a k e n all t h e p a r t i e s t o t h e s u i t c o n s e n t to the suit b e i n g transferred to the court of such resident magistrate, the court in w h i c h the suit h a s b e e n instituted shall r e c o r d the fact of such c o n s e n t and shall t r a n s m i t the r e c o r d to s u c h r e s i d e n t m a g i s t r a t e w h o shall in d u e c o u r s e try the suit; or (b) o n t h e a p p l i c a t i o n t o s u c h r e s i d e n t m a g i s t r a t e o f a p a r t y t o t h e suit a n d after n o t i c e t o t h e p a r t i e s a n d after c o n s i d e r a t i o n o f objections (if a n y ) of any party such resident m a g i s t r a t e m a y , at a n y s t a g e b e f o r e a n y e v i d e n c e h a s b e e n t a k e n i n t h e suit, t r a n s f e r the suit for trial by himself; or (c) o f h i s o w n m o t i o n , s u c h r e s i d e n t m a g i s t r a t e m a y , a t a n y s t a g e b e f o r e e v i d e n c e h a s b e e n t a k e n in the suit, transfer the suit for trial b y h i m s e l f : Provided that the exercise of the powers conferred by paragraph ( b ) or ( c ) h e r e o f shall be subject to s u c h limitations or c o n d i t i o n s , if any, as the Chief Justice shall i m p o s e by rules of court and p r o v i d e d further that this section shall n o t affect the p o w e r s o f the H i g h C o u r t under section 2 1 .

P o w e r to transfer suits w h i c h may be instituted in m o r e than one count

Gefieral p o w e r 21.-(1) O n t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f a n y o f t h e p a r t i e s a n d after n o t i c e t o t h e p a r t i e s a n d after h e a r i n g s u c h o f t h e m a s d e s i r e t o b e h e a r d , o r withdrawal o f its o w n m o t i o n w i t h o u t s u c h n o t i c e , t h e H i g h C o u r t m a y a t a n y stageo f t r a n s f e r a n d

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( a ) t r a n s f e r a n y s u i t o r o t h e r p r o c e e d i n g p e n d i n g b e f o r e i t f o r trial or disposal to any c o u r t s u b o r d i n a t e to it and c o m p e t e n t to try or dispose of the s a m e ; or ( b ) w i t h d r a w any suit or other p r o c e e d i n g p e n d i n g in any court s u b o r d i n a t e t o it, a n d (i) try or d i s p o s e of t h e s a m e ; or (ii) transfer the s a m e for trial or disposal to any court subordi nate to it and competent to try or dispose of the s a m e ; or (iii) r e t r a n s f e r t h e s a m e for trial o r d i s p o s a l t o t h e c o u r t f r o m which it was withdrawn. (2) W h e r e a n y suit o r p r o c e e d i n g h a s b e e n t r a n s f e r r e d o r w i t h d r a w n u n d e r s u b - s e c t i o n ( 1 ) , t h e c o u r t w h i c h t h e r e a f t e r tries s u c h suit m a y , subject to any special directions in the case of an order of transfer, either re-try it or proceed from the point at w h i c h it w a s transferred or withdrawn. ( 3 ) T h e p o w e r s o f t r a n s f e r a n d w i t h d r a w a l o f suits c o n f e r r e d b y t h i s section and section 20 shall be in addition to and not m substitution for the p o w e r s c o n t a i n e d in Part V of the M a g i s t r a t e s ' C o u r t s A c t , 1963.

Cap. 537

INSTITUTION OF SUITS
22. E v e r y s u i t s h a l l b e i n s t i t u t e d b y t h e p r e s e n t a t i o n o f a p l a i n t o r i n such other manner as m a y be prescribed.
Institution of suits

SUMMONS AND DISCOVERY

23. W h e r e a suit has b e e n duly instituted, a s u m m o n s m a y be issued to the defendant to appear and answer the claim and m a y be served in manner prescribed. 2 4 . - ( 1 ) A s u m m o n s m a y b e s e n t for s e r v i c e t o a n o t h e r c o u r t i n Tanzania within the local limits of w h o s e jurisdiction the defendant m a y b e b e l i e v e d t o b e residing. (2) T h e court to w h i c h such s u m m o n s is sent shall, u p o n receipt thereof, p r o c e e d as if it h a s b e e n issued by such court a n d shall t h e n r e t u r n t h e s u m m o n s t o t h e c o u r t o f issue t o g e t h e r w i t h t h e r e c o r d (if a n y ) o f its p r o c e e d i n g s w i t h r e g a r d t h e r e t o . 25. Subject to such conditions and limitations as m a y be prescribed, t h e c o u r t m a y , a t a n y t i m e , e i t h e r o f its o w n m o t i o n o r oft a p p l i c a t i o n o f any p a r t y ( a ) m a k e s u c h o r d e r s a s m a y b e n e c e s s a r y o r r e a s o n a b l e , i n all matters relating to the delivery and answering of interrogatories, the a d m i s s i o n of d o c u m e n t s and facts, a n d the discovery, inspec tion, production, i m p o u n d i n g , and return of d o c u m e n t s or other, material objects producible as evidence;
Summons to defendant

Service of summons where defendant reside outside jurisdiction of court

Power to order discovery and the like

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(b) issue s u m m o n s e s to persons w h o s e attendance is required either to give evidence or to produce documents or such other objects as aforesaid( c ) o r d e r any fact t o b e p r o v e d b y affidavit. Summons t o
w i t n e s s

26. T h e P r o v i s i o n s o f s e c t i o n s 2 3 a n d 2 4 s h a l l a p p l y t o s u m m o n s e s to give evidence or to produce documents or other material objects. 27. T h e c o u r t m a y c o m p e l t h e a t t e n d a n c e o f a n y p e r s o n t o w h o m a s u m m o n s h a s b e e n issued u n d e r section 25 a n d for that p u r p o s e m a y (a) issue a w a r r a n t for h i s arrest; (b) a t t a c h a n d sell h i s p r o p e r t y ; (c) i m p o s e a fine u p o n h i m n o t e x c e e d i n g o n e t h o u s a n d s h i l l i n g s ;

Penalty for default

( d ) o r d e r h i m to furnish security for his a p p e a r a n c e and in default c o m m i t h i m as a civil prisoner.

Judgment

and

decree

Interest
Judgment
a n d d e c r e e

28. T h e c o u r t , after t h e c a s e h a s b e e n h e a r d , s h a l l p r o n o u n c e j u d g m e n t , and o n such j u d g m e n t a decree shall follow.

d e b t s

i 29. T h e C h i e f J u s t i c e m a y m a k e r u l e s p r e s c r i b i n g t h e r a t e o f i n t e r e s t o n judgment w h i c h s h a l l b e c a r r i e d b y j u d g m e n t d e b t s , a n d , w i t h o u t p r e j u d i c e t o the p o w e r of the court to order interest to be paid up to date of judg m e n t at such rates as it m a y d e e m reasonable, every j u d g m e n t debt shall carry interest at the rate prescribed from the date of the delivery o f the j u d g m e n t until the s a m e shall b e satisfied.
n t e r e s t

Costs
C o s t s C o s t s

30.-(1) Subject to such conditions and limitations as m a y be prescribed, and t o the p r o v i s i o n s o f any l a w for the t i m e b e i n g i n force, t h e c o s t s o f a n d i n c i d e n t a l t o all s u i t s s h a l l b e i n t h e d i s c r e t i o n o f t h e c o u r t , a n d t h e c o u r t s h a l l h a v e full p o w e r t o d e t e r m i n e b y w h o m o r o u t of w h a t p r o p e r t y a n d to w h a t extent such costs are to be paid, a n d to g i v e all n e c e s s a r y d i r e c t i o n s f o r t h e P u r p o s e s a f o r e s a i d . T h e f a c t t h a t the court h a s no jurisdiction to try the suit shall be no b a r to the exercise of such powers. (2) W h e r e the court directs that any costs shall not follow the event, t h e c o u r t s h a l l s t a t e its r e a s o n s i n w r i t i n g . (3) T h e c o u r t m a y g i v e interest o n c o s t s a t a n y rate n o t e x c e e d i n g s e v e n p e r cent p e r a n n u m , and such interest shall be a d d e d to the costs a n d shall b e r e c o v e r a b l e a s s u c h .

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P A R T II
EXECUTION
General 31. T h e p r o v i s i o n s o f t h i s C o d e r e l a t i n g t o t h e e x e c u t i o n o f d e c r e e s s h a l l , s o far a s t h e y are a p p l i c a b l e , b e d e e m e d t o a p p l y t o t h e e x e c u t i o n orders. 32. T h e e x p r e s s i o n ''court w h i c h p a s s e d a decree'' or w o r d s to that effect shall, in r e l a t i o n to t h e e x e c u t i o n of d e c r e e s , u n l e s s t h e r e is any thing repugnant in the subject or context, be d e e m e d to include(a) w h e r e t h e d e c r e e t o b e e x e c u t e d h a s b e e n p a s s e d i n t h e exercise o f a p p e l l a t e j u r i s d i c t i o n , t h e c o u r t o f first i n s t a n c e ; a n d ( b ) w e r e t h e c o u r t o f first i n s t a n c e h a s c e a s e d t o e x i s t o r t o h a v e j u r i s d i c t i o n t o e x e c u t e it, t h e c o u r t w h i c h , i f t h e suit w h e r e i n t h e decree w a s passed w a s instituted at t h e t i m e of m a k i n g the applica t i o n for t h e e x e c u t i o n o f t h e d e c r e e , w o u l d h a v e j u r i s d i c t i o n t o t r y s u c h suit. Courts by which Decrees may be Executed Courts by
which decrees m a y be executed Transfer of decree
A p p l i c a t i o n

to o r d e r s

Definition of "court which passed a decree"

33. A d e c r e e m a y be e x e c u t e d e i t h e r by t h e c o u r t w h i c h p a s s e d it, or by t h e c o u r t to w h i c h it is sent for e x e c u t i o n . 34.-(1) T h e c o u r t w h i c h p a s s e d a d e c r e e m a y , o n t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f d e c r e e - h o l d e r , s e n d i t for e x e c u t i o n t o a n o t h e r c o u r t (a) i f t h e p e r s o n a g a i n s t w h o m t h e d e c r e e i s p a s s e d a c t u a l l y a n d voluntarily resides or carries on business, or personally w o r k s for g a i n , w i t h i n t h e l o c a l l i m i t s o f t h e j u r i s d i c t i o n o f s u c h o t h e r court; or (b) if such person h a s jurisdiction of the satisfy s u c h d e c r e e jurisdiction of such

no property within the local limits of the court w h i c h p a s s e d the decree sufficient to and has property within the local limits of the other court; or

(c) if the decree directs the sale or delivery of i m m o v a b l e property situate outside the local limits of the jurisdiction of the court w h i c h p a s s e d it; o r (d) i f t h e c o u r t w h i c h p a s s e d t h e d e c r e e c o n s i d e r s for a n y o t h e r r e a s o n , w h i c h it shall record in writing, that the decree should be executed by such other court. ( 2 ) T h e c o u r t w h i c h p a s s e d a d e c r e e m a y o f its o w n m o t i o n s e n d i t for e x e c u t i o n t o a n y s u b o r d i n a t e c o u r t o f c o m p e t e n t j u r i s d i c t i o n . 35. T h e c o u r t t o w h i c h a d e c r e e i s s e n t for e x e c u t i o n s h a l l c e r t i f y t o the court w h i c h p a s s e d it the fact of such execution, or w h e r e the f o r m e r c o u r t fails t o e x e c u t e t h e s a m e , t h e c i r c u m s t a n c e s a t t e n d i n g s u c h failure.
Result of execution proceeding to be certified

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Powers of court in executing

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transferred decree

36. T h e c o u r t e x e c u t i n g a d e c r e e s e n t t o i t s h a l l h a v e t h e s a m e p o w e r s i n e x e c u t i n g s u c h d e c r e e a s i f i t h a d b e e n p a s s e d b y itself. A l l p e r s o n s disobeying or obstructing the execution of the decree shall be punishable by s u c h c o u r t in t h e s a m e m a n n e r as if it h a d p a s s e d the d e c r e e a n d its o r d e r in e x e c u t i n g such decree shall be subject to the s a m e rules in r e s p e c t o f a p p e a l a s i f t h e d e c r e e h a d b e e n p a s s e d b y itself. 37.- ( 1 ) U p o n t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f t h e d e c r e e - h o l d e r t h e c o u r t w h i c h p a s s e d t h e d e c r e e m a y , w h e n e v e r i t t h i n k s fit, i s s u e a p r e c e p t t o a n y other court w h i c h w o u l d be c o m p e t e n t to execute such decree to attach any property belonging to the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r and specified in the precept. (2) T h e c o u r t t o w h i c h a p r e c e p t i s s e n t s h a l l p r o c e e d t o a t t a c h t h e property in the m a n n e r prescribed in regard to the attachment of property m e x e c u t i o n of a d e c r e e : P r o v i d e d that no a t t a c h m e n t u n d e r a p r e c e p t shall c o n t i n u e for m o r e than two months unless the period of attachment is extended by an order of the court which passed the decree or unless before the determination of such attachment the decree has been transferred to the court by which the a t t a c h m e n t h a s b e e n m a d e and the d e c r e e - h o l d e r h a s applied for a n o r d e r for t h e s a l e o f s u c h p r o p e r t y . Questions to be determined by court executing decree

Precepts

Questions to (determined, by the court executing

decree

38.-(1) A l l q u e s t i o n s a r i s i n g b e t w e e n t h e p a r t i e s t o t h e suit i n w h i c h the decree w a s passed, or their representatives, and relating to the execution, discharge or satisfaction of the decree, shall be d e t e r m i n e d b y t h e c o u r t e x e c u t i n g t h e d e c r e e a n d n o t b y a s e p a r a t e suit. (2) T h e c o u r t m a y , s u b j e c t t o a n y o b j e c t i o n a s t o l i m i t a t i o n o r j u r i s d i c t i o n , t r e a t a p r o c e e d i n g u n d e r t h i s s e c t i o n as a s u i t or a s u i t as a proceeding and m a y , if necessary, order p a y m e n t of any additional court fees. (3) W h e r e a q u e s t i o n arises as to w h e t h e r a n y p e r s o n is or is n o t the r e p r e s e n t a t i v e of a party, s u c h q u e s t i o n shall, for the p u r p o s e s of this section, be d e t e r m i n e d by the court. Explanation: F o r t h e p u r p o s e s o f t h i s s e c t i o n , a p l a i n t i f f w h o s e suit has b e e n d i s m i s s e d and a defendant against w h o m a suit has b e e n d i s m i s s e d a r e p a r t i e s t o t h e suit. Limit of time for Execution

Execution barred
m certain

cases

39.-(1) W h e r e a n a p p l i c a t i o n t o e x e c u t e a d e c r e e n o t b e i n g a d e c r e e g r a n t i n g a n injunction h a s b e e n m a d e , n o o r d e r for t h e e x e c u t i o n o f the s a m e decree shall b e m a d e u p o n any fresh application p r e s e n t e d after t h e e x p i r a t i o n o f t w e l v e y e a r s f r o m (a) t h e d a t e o f t h e d e c r e e s o u g h t t o b e e x e c u t e d , o r (b) w h e r e t h e d e c r e e o r a n y s u b s e q u e n t o r d e r d i r e c t s a n y p a y m e n t of m o n e y or the delivery of any property to be m a d e at a certain date or at recurring periods, the date of the default in m a k i n g the p a y m e n t or delivery in respect of w h i c h the applicant seeks to execute the decree.

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(2) N o t h i n g i n this s e c t i o n shall b e d e e m e d (a) to p r e c l u d e t h e c o u r t f r o m o r d e r i n g t h e e x e c u t i o n of a d e c r e e u p o n a n a p p l i c a t i o n p r e s e n t e d after t h e e x p i r a t i o n o f t h e s a i d term of twelve years, w h e r e the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r has, by fraud or force, prevented the execution of the decree at s o m e time within twelve years immediately before the date of the application; or ( b ) t o l i m i t o r o t h e r w i s e affect t h e o p e r a t i o n o f a r t i c l e 183 o f t h e First Schedule to the Indian Limitation Act, as applied to Tanganyika.

Transferees

and

Legal

Representatives
Transferee

40. E v e r y t r a n s f e r e e o f a d e c r e e s h a l l h o l d t h e s a m e s u b j e c t t o t h e e q u i t i e s (if a n y ) w h i c h t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r m i g h t h a v e e n f o r c e d a g a i n s t t h e original d e c r e e - h o l d e r . 41.-(1) W h e r e a j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r d i e s b e f o r e t h e d e c r e e h a s b e e n fully s a t i s f i e d , t h e b o l d e r o f t h e d e c r e e m a y a p p l y t o t h e c o u r t w h i c h passed it to execute the same against the legal representative of the deceased. (2) W h e r e t h e d e c r e e i s e x e c u t e d a g a i n s t s u c h l e g a l r e p r e s e n t a t i v e , he shall be liable only to the extent of the property of the d e c e a s e d w h i c h h a s c o m e t o h i s h a n d s a n d h a s n o t b e e n d u l y d i s p o s e d of; a n d , for t h e p u r p o s e o f a s c e r t a i n i n g s u c h l i a b i l i t y , t h e c o u r t e x e c u t i n g t h e d e c r e e m a y , o f its o w n m o t i o n o r o n t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f t h e d e c r e e holder, compel such legal representative to produce such accounts as it t h i n k s fit.

Legal representation

Procedure

in

Execution
Power of court to enforce execution

42. S u b j e c t t o s u c h c o n d i t i o n s a n d limitations a s m a y b e p r e s c r i b e d , the court m a y , on the application of the decree-holder, order execution of the decree(a) by delivery of any p r o p e r t y specifically d e c r e e d ; (b) b y a t t a c h m e n t a n d s a l e o r b y s a l e w i t h o u t a t t a c h m e n t o f a n y property; (c) by arrest a n d d e t e n t i o n in p r i s o n ; (d) by a p p o i n t i n g a r e c e i v e r ; or (e) i n s u c h o t h e r m a n n e r a s t h e n a t u r e o f t h e r e l i e f g r a n t e d m a y r e q u i r e . 43.-(1) W h e r e sentative of a money out of attachment and a d e c r e e is p a s s e d a g a i n s t a p a r t y as t h e l e g a l repre d e c e a s e d p e r s o n , a n d t h e d e c r e e i s for t h e p a y m e n t o f the property of the deceased, it m a y be executed by the sale o f a n y s u c h p r o p e r t y .

(2) W h e r e n o s u c h p r o p e r t y r e m a i n s i n t h e p o s s e s s i o n o f t h e j u d g m e n t d e b t o r a n d h e fails t o s a t i s f y t h e c o u r t t h a t h e h a s d u l y a p p l i e d s u c h property of the deceased as is p r o v e d to have c o m e into his possession, the decree m a y be executed against the judgment-debtor to the extent of the p r o p e r t y i n r e s p e c t o f w h i c h h e h a s failed s o t o satisfy the c o u r t i n the same m a n n e r as if the decree had been against h i m personally.

Enforcement of decree against legal representa tive

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A r r e s t a n d

d e t e n t i o n

4 4 . - ( 1 ) A j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r m a y be arrested in execution of a decree at any h o u r and on any day, and shall, as soon as practicable, be brought before the court, and the court m a y order his detention: Provided that, for the p u r p o s e of m a k i n g an arrest u n d e r this section-

(a) n o d w e l l i n g - h o u s e shall b e e n t e r e d after s u n s e t a n d b e f o r e s u n r i s e ; (b) no outer d o o r of a d w e l l i n g - h o u s e shall be b r o k e n o p e n unless such dwelling-house is in the occupancy of the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r and he refuses or in any w a y prevents access thereto, but w h e n the officer authorized to m a k e the arrest h a s duly g a i n e d access to any dwelling-house, he m a y break open the door of any r o o m in which he has reason to believe the judgment-debtor is to be found; (c) if the r o o m is in the actual occupancy of a w o m a n w h o is not the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r and w h o according to her religion or local custom d o e s n o t appear in public, the officers authorized to m a k e the arrest shall give notice to her that she is at liberty to w i t h d r a w , a n d , after a l l o w i n g a r e a s o n a b l e t i m e for h e t o w i t h d r a w a n d g i v i n g h e r r e a s o n a b l e facility for w i t h d r a w i n g , m a y enter the r o o m for t h e p u r p o s e o f m a k i n g t h e a r r e s t : A n d provided further that w h e r e the decree in execution of w h i c h a j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r i s a r r e s t e d i s a d e c r e e for t h e p a y m e n t o f m o n e y , a n d the judgment-debtor pays the amount of the decree and the costs of the arrest to the officer arresting h i m , such, officer shall at o n c e release him. ( 2 ) W h e r e a j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r is a r r e s t e d in e x e c u t i o n of a d e c r e e for the p a y m e n t of m o n e y and b r o u g h t before the court, the court shall inform h i m that he m a y apply to be declared an insolvent, and that he will b e d i s c h a r g e d i f h e h a s n o t c o m m i t t e d a n y act o f b a d faith r e g a r d i n g the subject of the application and if he complies with the provisions of the l a w of insolvency for the t i m e being in force. (3) W h e r e a j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r e x p r e s s e s h i s i n t e n t i o n t o a p p l y t o b e declared an insolvent and furnishes security, to the satisfaction of the court, that he will within one m o n t h so apply, and that he will appear, w h e n called upon, in any proceeding u p o n the application or u p o n the decree in e x e c u t i o n of w h i c h he w a s arrested, the court shall release h i m f r o m a r r e s t , a n d , i f h e fails s o t o a p p l y a n d t o a p p e a r , t h e c o u r t m a y either direct the security to be realized or c o m m i t h i m as a civil prisoner in execution of the decree. Subsistence
a l l o w a n c e

45. T h e C h i e f J u s t i c e m a y m a k e r u l e s p r e s c r i b i n g s c a l e s o f m o n t h l y a l l o w a n c e s p a y a b l e for t h e s u b s i s t e n c e o f j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r s . 4 6 . - ( 1 ) E v e r y p e r s o n d e t a i n e d as a c i v i l p r i s o n e r in e x e c u t i o n of a d e c r e e shall be so d e t a i n e d (a) w h e r e t h e d e c r e e i s for t h e p a y m e n t o f a s u m o f m o n e y e x c e e d i n g o n e h u n d r e d shillings, for a p e r i o d of six m o n t h s ; a n d

Detention and release

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(b) in any o t h e r c a s e , for a p e r i o d of six w e e k s : Provided that he shall be released from such detention before the expiration of the said period of six m o n t h s or six w e e k s , as the case may be(i) o n t h e a m o u n t m e n t i o n e d i n t h e w a r r a n t for h i s d e t e n t i o n b e i n g p a i d to the officer in c h a r g e of the prison; or (ii) o n t h e d e c r e e a g a i n s t h i m b e i n g o t h e r w i s e fully s a t i s f i e d ; o r (iii) o n t h e r e q u e s t o f t h e p e r s o n o n w h o s e a p p l i c a t i o n h e h a s b e e n so detained; or (iv) o n t h e o m i s s i o n b y t h e p e r s o n o n w h o s e a p p l i c a t i o n h e h a s been so detained to pay subsistence allowance: Provided, further, that he shall n o t be released from such detention u n d e r c l a u s e (ii) o r c l a u s e (iii) w i t h o u t t h e o r d e r o f t h e c o u r t . (2) A j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r released from detention u n d e r this section shall not merely by reason of his release be discharged from his debt. (3) W h e r e a j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r has b e e n r e l e a s e d from d e t e n t i o n u n d e r this section before the expiration of the period of six m o n t h s or six w e e k s , a s the case m a y b e , for w h i c h h e w a s o r d e r e d t o b e detained, a n d t h e d e c r e e a g a i n s t h i m h a s n o t b e e n fully s a t i s f i e d , h e s h a l l , i f h e w a s released on the request of the person on w h o s e application he w a s detained, but not otherwise, be liable to be re-arrested u n d e r the decree in execution of w h i c h he w a s detained. (4) A j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r w h o h a s b e e n re-arrested u n d e r the p r o v i s i o n s o f s u b s e c t i o n (3) o f t h i s s e c t i o n s h a l l b e d e t a i n e d a s a civil p r i s o n e r for the r e m a i n d e r o f the p e r i o d o f six m o n t h s o r six w e e k s , a s t h e c a s e m a y b e , for w h i c h h e w o u l d h a v e b e e n detained u n d e r the provisions of subsection (1) of this section if he h a d not b e e n released from such detention u n d e r the proviso to that subsection: P r o v i d e d that he shall be expiration of the remainder weeks, as the case m a y be the proviso to subsection (1) released from such detention before the of the said period of six m o n t h s or six in any of the circumstances specified in of this section. l grounds o f
R e e a s e on i l l n e s s

47.-(1) A t a n y t i m e after a w a r r a n t f o r t h e a r r e s t o f a j u d g m e n t debtor has been issued the court m a y cancel it on the ground of his serious illness. (2) W h e r e a j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r has b e e n arrested, the court m a y r e l e a s e h i m i f i n i t s o p i n i o n h e i s n o t i n a fit s t a t e o f h e a l t h t o b e d e t a i n e d as a c i v i l p r i s o n e r . (3) W h e r e a j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r has b e e n c o m m i t t e d as a civil prisoner, he may be released(a) b y t h e officer i n c h a r g e o f t h e p r i s o n i n w h i c h h e i s c o n f i n e d , on the ground of the existence of any infectious or contagious disease, or (b) by the c o m m i t t i n g court, or any court to w h i c h that court is subordinate, on the g r o u n d of his suffering from any serious illness.

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(4) A j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r r e l e a s e d u n d e r t h i s s e c t i o n m a y b e r e arrested b u t the p e r i o d of his detention as a civil p r i s o n e r shall n o t in the aggregate exceed that prescribed by section 46. 48.-(1) T h e following property is liable to attachment and sale in t o attachment e x e c u t i o n o f a d e c r e e , n a m e l y , l a n d s , h o u s e s o r o t h e r b u i l d i n g s , g o o d s , and, sale i n m o n e y , b a n k n o t e s , c h e q u e s , bills of e x c h a n g e , p r o m i s s o r y notes, G o v e r n m e n t securities, b o n d s or other securities for m o n e y , debts, shares in a c o r p o r a t i o n a n d , s a v e a s h e r e i n a f t e r m e n t i o n e d , all o t h e r s a l e a b l e property, movable or immovable, belonging to the judgment-debtor, or over which, or the profits of which, he h a s a disposing p o w e r w h i c h h e m a y e x e r c i s e for h i s o w n b e n e f i t , w h e t h e r t h e s a m e b e h e l d i n t h e n a m e o f the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r o r b y another p e r s o n i n trust for h i m o r on his behalf:
ia b le e x e c u t i o n o f d e c r e e P ro p erty

Provided that the sale, n a m e l y : -

following shall n o t be liable to such attachment or

(a) the necessary wearing-apparel, cooking vessels, beds and bedding of the judgment-debtor, his wife and children, and such personal ornaments as, in accordance with religious usage, cannot be parted with by any w o m a n ; (b) t o o l s o f a r t i s a n s , a n d , w h e r e t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r i s a n a g r i c u l t u r i s t , his i m p l e m e n t s of h u s b a n d r y and such cattle and seed-grain as may, in the opinion of the court, be necessary to enable h i m to earn his livelihood as such; (c) h o u s e s a n d o t h e r b u i l d i n g s ( w i t h t h e m a t e r i a l s a n d t h e sites t h e r e o f and the land i m m e d i a t e l y a p p u r t e n a n t thereto and n e c e s s a r y for their enjoyment) belonging to an agriculturist and occupied by h i m ; (d) b o o k s of a c c o u n t ; (e) a m e r e r i g h t to sue for d a m a g e s ; (f) t h e s a l a r y of an e m p l o y e e to t h e e x t e n t of-

(i) t h e w h o l e o f t h e s a l a r y w h e r e i t d o e s n o t e x c e e d o n e h u n d r e d a n d fifty s h i l l i n g s m o n t h l y ; ( i i ) o n e h u n d r e d a n d fifty s h i l l i n g s m o n t h l y w h e r e t h e s a l a r y e x c e e d s o n e h u n d r e d a n d fifty s h i l l i n g s a n d d o e s n o t e x c e e d two hundred and twenty-five shillings m o n t h l y ;

(iii) t w o - t h i r d s o f t h e salary i n a n y o t h e r c a s e ; (g) t h e e x p e n s e a l l o w a n c e s o f a n e m p l o y e e ; (h) a n e x p e c t a n c y o f s u c c e s s i o n b y s u r v i v o r s h i p o r o t h e r m e r e l y con tingent or possible right or interest; (i) a r i g h t to future m a i n t e n a n c e ; (j) a n y o t h e r p r o p e r t y d e c l a r e d b y a n y w r i t t e n l a w n o t t o b e l i a b l e t o attachment.

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Explanation: T h e p a r t i c u l a r s m e n t i o n e d in c l a s s e s (f) a n d (g) a r e e x e m p t f r o m a t t a c h m e n t w h e t h e r b e f o r e o r after t h e y a r e a c t u a l l y payable. (2) S u b j e c t t o t h e p r o v i s i o n s o f a n y w r i t t e n l a w , n o t h i n g i n t h i s section shall b e d e e m e d t o e x e m p t h o u s e s a n d other buildings ( w i t h the materials and t h e sites thereof and the lands i m m e d i a t e l y a p p u r t e n a n t thereto a n d n e c e s s a r y for their e n j o y m e n t ) from a t t a c h m e n t or sale in e x e c u t i o n o f d e c r e e s f o r r e n t o f a n y s u c h h o u s e , b u i l d i n g , site o r l a n d . (3) F o r t h e p u r p o s e s o f t h i s s e c t i o n expense allowance'' m e a n s any sum paid to an employee by an employer w h i c h is a b o n a fide p a y m e n t to m e e t an e x p e n s e i n c u r r e d or to be i n c u r r e d b y the e m p l o y e e w h o l l y a n d e x c l u s i v e l y i n o r for the p u r p o s e s of the p e r f o r m a n c e of the duties of his office or employ m e n t or in discharging functions authorized by the employer; and ''salary'' includes any s u m o f m o n e y g r a n t e d t o a n e m p l o y e e b y a n employer other than an expense allowance. 49.-(l) N o p e r s o n e x e c u t i n g a n y p r o c e s s u n d e r t h i s C o d e d i r e c t i n g o r authorizing seizure of m o v a b l e property shall enter any d w e l l i n g - h o u s e after s u n s e t a n d b e f o r e sunrise. (2) No outer d o o r of a d w e l l i n g - h o u s e shall be b r o k e n o p e n u n l e s s such dwelling-house is in the occupancy of the judgment-debtor and he refuses or in any w a y prevents access thereto, but w h e n the person executing any such process has duly gained access to any dwelling-house he m a y break open the door of any r o o m in w h i c h he has reason to believe any such property to be. (3) W h e r e a r o o m in a d w e l l i n g - h o u s e is in t h e a c t u a l o c c u p a n c y of a w o m a n w h o , according to her religion or local custom, does not appear in public, the p e r s o n executing the process shall give notice to such w o m a n t h a t s h e i s a t l i b e r t y t o w i t h d r a w ; a n d , after a l l o w i n g r e a s o n a b l e t i m e for h e r t o w i t h d r a w a n d g i v i n g h e r r e a s o n a b l e facility for with drawing, he m a y enter such r o o m for the p u r p o s e of seizing the property, using at the same time every precaution consistent with these provisions, t o p r e v e n t its c l a n d e s t i n e r e m o v a l . 50.- ( 1 ) W h e r e p r o p e r t y n o t i n t h e c u s t o d y o f a n y c o u r t i s u n d e r attachment in execution of decrees of m o r e courts than one, the court w h i c h s h a l l r e c e i v e o r r e a l i z e s u c h p r o p e r t y a n d shall d e t e r m i n e a n y c l a i m thereto and any objection to the attachment thereof shall be the court of h i g h e s t grade, or, w h e r e there is no difference in grade b e t w e e n such c o u r t s , t h e c o u r t u n d e r w h o s e d e c r e e t h e p r o p e r t y w a s first a t t a c h e d . (2) N o t h i n g i n t h i s s e c t i o n s h a l l b e d e e m e d t o i n v a l i d a t e a n y proceeding taken by a court executing one of such decrees. 5 1 . W h e r e an attachment has been m a d e , any private transfer or delivery of the property attached or of any interest therein and any p a y m e n t to the judgment-debtor of any debt, dividend or other m o n e y s c o n t r a r y t o s u c h a t t a c h m e n t , s h a l l b e v o i d a s a g a i n s t all c l a i m s enforceable under the attachment.
Private alienation of property after attachment to be void Property attached in execution of decrees of several court Seizure of property in dwelling house

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Explanation: F o r t h e p u r p o s e s o f t h i s s e c t i o n , c l a i m s e n f o r c e a b l e u n d e r a n a t t a c h m e n t i n c l u d e c l a i m s for t h e r a t e a b l e d i s t r i b u t i o n o f assets.

Sale
Purchaser's title

52. W h e r e i m m o v a b l e property is sold in execution of a decree and such sale h a s b e c o m e absolute, the property shall be d e e m e d to have vested in the purchaser from the time w h e n the property is sold a n d n o t from the t i m e w h e n the sale b e c o m e s absolute.

Suit against 53.-(1) No suit shall be m a i n t a i n e d against any p e r s o n c l a i m i n g Purchaser title u n d e r a p u r c h a s e certified by the c o u r t in s u c h m a n n e r as m a y not maintainable b e p r e s c r i b e d o n t h e g r o u n d t h a t t h e p u r c h a s e w a s m a d e o n b e h a l f

on ground
behalf of plaintiff

Of Purchase being on

of the plaintiff or claims.

on behalf of s o m e o n e through w h o m the plaintiff

(2) N o t h i n g in this section shall b a r a suit to obtain a declaration that the n a m e of any purchaser certified as aforesaid w a s inserted in the certificate fraudulently or w i t h o u t the c o n s e n t of the real purchaser, or interfere w i t h the right of a third person to p r o c e e d against that property, t h o u g h ostensibly sold to the certified purchaser, on the g r o u n d t h a t it is liable to satisfy a c l a i m of s u c h third p e r s o n against the real owner.

Distribution
Proceeds of execution to be cfcrnbuted among decreeholders

of assets

54.-(1) W h e r e assets are h e l d by a c o u r t a n d m o r e p e r s o n s t h a n sale o n e h a v e , before the receipt of such assets, m a d e application to the c o u r t for t h e e x e c u t i o n o f d e c r e e s for t h e p a y m e n t o f m o n e y p a s s e d against the same j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r and have not obtained satisfaction t h e r e o f , t h e a s s e t s , after d e d u c t i n g t h e c o s t s o f r e a l i z a t i o n , s h a l l b e r a t e a b l y d i s t r i b u t e d a m o n g all s u c h p e r s o n s : Provided that-

(a) w h e r e a n y p r o p e r t y i s s o l d s u b j e c t t o a m o r t g a g e o r c h a r g e , t h e m o r t g a g e e or i n c u m b r a n c e r shall not be entitled to share in any surplus arising from such sale; (b) w h e r e a n y p r o p e r t y l i a b l e t o b e s o l d i n e x e c u t i o n o f a d e c r e e i s subject to a mortgage or charge, the court m a y with the consent of the mortgagee or incumbrancer, order that the property be sold free f r o m t h e m o r t g a g e o r c h a r g e , g i v i n g t o the m o r t g a g e e or i n c u m b r a n c e r the s a m e interest in the p r o c e e d s of the sale as he had in the property sold; (c) w h e r e a n y i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y i s s o l d i n e x e c u t i o n o f a d e c r e e o r d e r i n g its s a l e f o r t h e d i s c h a r g e o f a n i n c u m b r a n c e t h e r e o n , the p r o c e e d s of sale shall be appliedfirst, in defraying the expenses of the sale;

secondly, in discharging the amount due under the decree;

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thirdly, in discharging the interest and principal m o n e y s due o n s u b s e q u e n t i n c u m b r a n c e s (if a n y ) ; a n d , f o u r t h l y , r a t e a b l y a m o n g t h e h o l d e r s o f d e c r e e s for t h e pay m e n t of m o n e y against the judgment-debtor, w h o have, prior to the sale of the property, applied to the court w h i c h p a s s e d the decree ordering such sale for execution of such d e c r e e s , a n d h a v e n o t o b t a i n e d satisfaction thereof. ( 2 ) W h e r e all o r a n y o f t h e a s s e t s l i a b l e t o b e r a t e a b l y d i s t r i b u t e d u n d e r this section are paid to a p e r s o n n o t entitled to receive the same, any person so entitled m a y sue such person to compel h i m to refund the assets. ( 3 ) N o t h i n g i n t h i s s e c t i o n affects a n y r i g h t o f t h e G o v e r n m e n t .

Resistance

to

execution
Resistance to execution

55. W h e r e t h e c o u r t i s s a t i s f i e d t h a t t h e h o l d e r o f a d e c r e e f o r t h e possession of immovable property or that the purchaser of immovable property sold in execution of a decree has b e e n resisted or obstructed in obtaining possession of the property by the judgment-debtor or some person on his behalf and that such resistance or obstruction w a s without any just cause, the court may, at the instance of the decreeholder or purchaser, order the judgment-debtor or such other person to be detained as a civil prisoner for a t e r m w h i c h m a y extend to thirty days and m a y further direct that the decree-holder or purchaser be p u t into p o s s e s s i o n o f t h e p r o p e r t y .

P A R T III INCIDENTAL PROCEEDINGS Commissions

56. S u b j e c t t o s u c h c o n d i t i o n s a n d l i m i t a t i o n s a s m a y b e p r e s c r i b e d , the court m a y issue a commission( a ) to e x a m i n e any p e r s o n ; (b) to m a k e a local investigation; ( c ) t o e x a m i n e o r adjust a c c o u n t s ; o r (d) to m a k e a partition. 57.-(1) A c o m m i s s i o n f o r t h e e x a m i n a t i o n o f a n y p e r s o n m a y b e issued to any court (other than the High Court) in Tanganyika having jurisdiction in the place in which the person to be examined resides. (2) E v e r y court r e c e i v i n g a c o m m i s s i o n for the e x a m i n a t i o n of any person u n d e r subsection (1) shall e x a m i n e h i m or cause h i m to be examined pursuant thereto, and the commission, w h e n it has been duly executed, shall be returned together w i t h the evidence taken u n d e r it to the c o u r t from w h i c h it w a s issued, u n l e s s the o r d e r for issuing the c o m m i s s i o n h a s otherwise directed, in w h i c h case the c o m m i s s i o n shall be returned in terms of such order.
Commission to another court Power of court of issue commissions

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Letter of request

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58. I n l i e u o f i s s u i n g a c o m m i s s i o n , t h e c o u r t m a y i s s u e a l e t t e r o f request to examine a witness residing at any place outside Tanganyika.

Commissions 59. T h e p r o v i s i o n s a s t o t h e e x e c u t i o n a n d r e t u r n o f c o m m i s s i o n s f o r issued by the e x a m i n a t i o n of witnesses shall apply to c o m m i s s i o n s issued by foreign foreign courts for the e x a m i n a t i o n of p e r s o n s r e s i d i n g in T a n g a n y i k a . courts

PART IV SUITS IN PARTICULAR CASES Suits

Exemption from arrest and personal appearance public
officers

against Public

Officers

60. I n a s u i t i n s t i t u t e d a g a i n s t a p u b l i c o f f i c e r i n r e s p e c t o f a n y a c t p u r p o r t i n g t o b e d o n e b y h i m i n his official capacity(a) t h e d e f e n d a n t s h a l l n o t b e l i a b l e t o a r r e s t n o r h i s p r o p e r t y t o attachment otherwise than in execution of a decree; and (b) w h e r e the court is satisfied that the d e f e n d a n t c a n n o t absent himself from his duty without detriment to the public service, it shall e x e m p t h i m f r o m a p p e a r i n g i n p e r s o n .

Suits by Aliens and Foreign States

When aliens may sue 61. ( 1 ) A l i e n e n e m i e s r e s i d i n g i n T a n z a n i a w i t h t h e p e r m i s s i o n o f the G o v e r n m e n t , and alien friends, m a y sue in the courts of Tanganyika. (2) N o a l i e n e n e m y r e s i d i n g i n T a n z a n i a w i t h o u t s u c h p e r m i s s i o n , o r residing in a foreign country, shall sue in any of such courts. When foreign State may
sue

62.- (1) A f o r e i g n S t a t e w h i c h h a s b e e n r e c o g n i z e d b y t h e G o v e r n m e n t of Tanzania m a y sue in any court of Tanganyika if the object of the suit is to enforce a private right vested in the h e a d of such State or in any officer of such State in his public capacity. (2) E v e r y c o u r t s h a l l t a k e j u d i c i a l n o t i c e o f t h e f a c t t h a t a f o r e i g n State has or has not been recognized by the G o v e r n m e n t of Tanzania.

Interpleader
Where interplead suit may be instituted 63. W h e r e t w o o r m o r e p e r s o n s c l a i m a d v e r s e l y t o o n e a n o t h e r t h e same debt, s u m of m o n e y or other property, m o v a b l e or i m m o v a b l e , from a n o t h e r p e r s o n , w h o c l a i m s n o interest t h e r e i n o t h e r t h a n for charges or costs and w h o is ready to pay or deliver it to the rightful claimant, such other p e r s o n m a y institute a suit of interpleader against all t h e c l a i m a n t s for t h e p u r p o s e o f o b t a i n i n g a d e c i s i o n a s t o t h e p e r s o n to w h o m the p a y m e n t or delivery shall be m a d e and of obtaining i n d e m n i t y for h i m s e l f : P r o v i d e d t h a t w h e r e a n y s u i t i s p e n d i n g i n w h i c h t h e r i g h t s o f all parties can properly be decided, no such suit of interpleader shall be instituted.

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PART V
SPECIAL PROCEEDINGS Arbitration
64. S a v e i n s o far a s i s o t h e r w i s e p r o v i d e d b y t h e A r b i t r a t i o n O r d i Arbitration n a n c e , o r b y a n y o t h e r l a w f o r t h e t i m e b e i n g i n f o r c e , all r e f e r e n c e s t o Cap. 1 5 a r b i t r a t i o n w h e t h e r b y a n o r d e r i n a s u i t o r o t h e r w i s e , a n d all proceedings thereunder, shall be governed by the provisions contained In the Second Schedule.

Special

Case
Power to state case for opinion of court

6 5 . W h e r e a n y p e r s o n s a g r e e i n w r i t i n g t o s t a t e a c a s e for t h e opinion of the court, then the court shall try and determine the s a m e in the m a n n e r prescribed.

Suits

relating

to public

matters
Public nuisance

66.-(1) I n t h e c a s e o f a p u b l i c n u i s a n c e t h e A t t o r n e y - G e n e r a l , o r two or more persons having obtained the consent in writing of the A t t o r n e y - G e n e r a l , m a y institute a suit, t h o u g h no special d a m a g e has b e e n c a u s e d , for a d e c l a r a t i o n a n d injunction or for s u c h o t h e r relief as m a y be appropriate to the circumstances of the case. (2) N o t h i n g i n t h i s s e c t i o n s h a l l b e d e e m e d t o l i m i t o r o t h e r w i s e affect a n y r i g h t o f s u i t w h i c h m a y e x i s t i n d e p e n d e n t l y o f its p r o v i s i o n s . 67. I n t h e c a s e o f a n y a l l e g e d b r e a c h o f a n y e x p r e s s o r c o n s t r u c t i v e t r u s t c r e a t e d for p u b l i c p u r p o s e s o f a c h a r i t a b l e o r r e l i g i o u s n a t u r e , o r w h e r e t h e d i r e c t i o n o f t h e c o u r t i s d e e m e d n e c e s s a r y for t h e a d m i n i s t r a tion of any such trust, the A t t o r n e y - G e n e r a l , or t w o or m o r e p e r s o n s having an interest in the trust and having obtained the consent in writing of t h e A t t o r n e y - G e n e r a l , m a y institute a suit, w h e t h e r c o n t e n t i o u s or not, in the H i g h Court to obtain a decree(a) r e m o v i n g any trustee; ( b ) appointing a n e w trustee; (c) v e s t i n g any property in a t r u s t e e ; (d) directing a c c o u n t s a n d inquiries; (e) d e c l a r i n g w h a t p r o p o r t i o n o f t h e t r u s t p r o p e r t y o r o f t h e i n t e r e s t therein shall be allocated to any particular object of the trust; (f) a u t h o r i z i n g t h e w h o l e o r a n y p a r t o f t h e t r u s t p r o p e r t y t o b e let, sold, mortgaged or exchanged; (g) settling a scheme; or (h) g r a n t i n g such further or other relief as the n a t u r e of the case may require.

Power charities

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PART VI

SUPPLEMENTAL PROCEEDINGS
Supplemental 68. I n o r d e r t o p r e v e n t t h e e n d s o f j u s t i c e f r o m b e i n g d e f e a t e d t h e proceedings court m a y , subject to any rules in that behalf(a) i s s u e a w a r r a n t t o a r r e s t t h e d e f e n d a n t a n d b r i n g h i m b e f o r e the c o u r t t o s h o w c a u s e w h y h e s h o u l d n o t g i v e security for h i s a p p e a r a n c e , a n d i f h e fails t o c o m p l y w i t h a n y o r d e r for security c o m m i t h i m as a civil prisoner; (b) direct the d e f e n d a n t to furnish security to p r o d u c e any p r o p e r t y belonging to h i m and to place the same at the disposal of the court or order the attachment of any property; (c) g r a n t a t e m p o r a r y i n j u n c t i o n a n d i n c a s e o f d i s o b e d i e n c e c o m m i t the p e r s o n guilty thereof as a civil prisoner and order that his property be attached and sold; (d) appoint a r e c e i v e r of any property a n d enforce the p e r f o r m a n c e o f h i s d u t i e s b y a t t a c h i n g a n d selling h i s p r o p e r t y ; (e) m a k e s u c h o t h e r i n t e r l o c u t o r y o r d e r s a s m a y a p p e a r t o t h e c o u r t s to be just and convenient. Compensation 69.-(1) W h e r e , i n a n y s u i t i n w h i c h a n a r r e s t o r a t t a c h m e n t h a s for b e e n effected or a t e m p o r a r y injunction granted u n d e r the last p r e c e d i n g obtaining arrest, sectionattachment or injunction (a) i t a p p e a r s t o t h e c o u r t t h a t s u c h a r r e s t , a t t a c h m e n t o r i n injunc on t i o n w a s a p p l i e d for o n i n s u f f i c i e n t g r o u n d s , o r sufficient grounds ( b ) t h e s u i t o f t h e p l a i n t i f f fails a n d i t a p p e a r s t o t h e c o u r t t h a t there w a s n o r e a s o n a b l e o r p r o b a b l e g r o u n d for instituting the same, the defendant m a y apply to the court, and the court m a y , u p o n such a p p l i c a t i o n , a w a r d a g a i n s t t h e p l a i n t i f f b y its o r d e r s u c h a m o u n t , n o t exceeding t w o thousand shillings, as it d e e m s a reasonable compensa tion to the d e f e n d a n t for the e x p e n s e or injury c a u s e d to h i m . (2) A n o r d e r d e t e r m i n i n g a n y s u c h a p p l i c a t i o n s h a l l b a r a n y s u i t for c o m p e n s a t i o n i n r e s p e c t o f s u c h a r r e s t , a t t a c h m e n t o r i n j u n c t i o n . P A R T VII

APPEALS Appeals from

Appeal from original decree

decrees

70.-(1) S a v e w h e r e o t h e r w i s e e x p r e s s l y p r o v i d e d i n t h e b o d y o f this C o d e o r b y a n y o t h e r l a w for the t i m e b e i n g i n force, a n a p p e a l s h a l l lie t o t h e H i g h C o u r t f r o m e v e r y d e c r e e p a s s e d b y a c o u r t o f a resident magistrate or a district court exercising original jurisdiction. (2) A n appeal may lie f r o m a n o r i g i n a l d e c r e e p a s s e d ex-parte.

(3) N o a p p e a l s h a l l lie f r o m a d e c r e e p a s s e d b y t h e c o u r t w i t h t h e consent of parties.

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Appeal from final decree where no appeal from preliminary decree Decision where appeal heard by two or more Judge

71. W h e r e a n y p a r t y a g g r i e v e d b y a p r e l i m i n a r y d e c r e e d o e s n o t a p p e a l f r o m s u c h d e c r e e , h e s h a l l b e p r e c l u d e d f r o m d i s p u t i n g its c o r r e c t n e s s i n a n y a p p e a l w h i c h m a y b e p r e f e r r e d f r o m t h e final d e c r e e .

72.-(1) W h e r e a n a p p e a l i s h e a r d b y a B e n c h o f t w o o r m o r e J u d g e s , the appeal shall be d e c i d e d in a c c o r d a n c e w i t h the o p i n i o n of s u c h J u d g e s or of t h e majority (if a n y ) of s u c h J u d g e s . (2) W h e r e there is no such majority w h i c h concurs in a j u d g m e n t v a r y i n g o r r e v e r s i n g t h e d e c r e e a p p e a l e d f r o m , s u c h d e c r e e shall b e confirmed: Provided that where the B e n c h hearing the appeal is composed of t w o J u d g e s a n d the J u d g e s c o m p o s i n g t h e B e n c h differ i n o p i n i o n o n a p o i n t o f l a w , t h e y m a y s t a t e t h e p o i n t o f l a w u p o n w h i c h t h e y differ, and the appeal shall then be heard u p o n that p o i n t only by one or m o r e of the other J u d g e s , and such point shall be d e c i d e d according t o t h e o p i n i o n o f t h e m a j o r i t y (if a n y ) o f t h e J u d g e s w h o h a v e h e a r d t h e a p p e a l i n c l u d i n g t h o s e w h o first h e a r d it. 73. N o d e c r e e s h a l l b e r e v e r s e d o r s u b s t a n t i a l l y v a r i e d n o r shall any case be remanded, in appeal, on account of any misjoinder of parties or causes of action or any error, defect or irregularity in any proceed ings in the suit, n o t affecting the m e r i t s of the case or the j u r i s d i c t i o n of the court.

No decree to be reversed or modified for error or irregularity not affecting merits or jurisdiction

Appeals from

Orders
Orders from which appeal lies

74. A n a p p e a l shall lie t o t h e H i g h C o u r t f r o m the f o l l o w i n g o r d e r s o f t h e c o u r t s o f r e s i d e n t m a g i s t r a t e s a n d district c o u r t s , a n d , s a v e a s o t h e r w i s e expressly p r o v i d e d i n t h e b o d y o f this C o d e o r b y any l a w for the t i m e b e i n g in force, from no o t h e r orders(a) an o r d e r superseding an arbitration w h e r e the a w a r d h a s not been completed within the period allowed by the court; (b) an order on an a w a r d stated in the form of a special case; (c) an order modifying or correcting an award; (d) a n o r d e r filing o r r e f u s i n g t o file a n a g r e e m e n t t o refer t o arbitra tion (e) a n o r d e r s t a y i n g o r r e f u s i n g t o s t a y a suit w h e r e t h e r e i s a n a g r e e m e n t to refer to arbitration; (f) a n o r d e r filing o r r e f u s i n g t o file a n a w a r d i n a n a r b i t r a t i o n with out the intervention of the court; (g) a n o r d e r u n d e r s e c t i o n 6 9 ; (h) an order u n d e r any of the provisions of this C o d e i m p o s i n g a fine or directing the arrest or d e t e n t i o n as a civil p r i s o n e r of any person except w h e r e such arrest or detention is in execution of a decree; (i) a n y o r d e r m a d e u n d e r r u l e s f r o m w h i c h a n a p p e a l i s e x p r e s s l y a l l o w e d b y rules.

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75. S a v e a s o t h e r w i s e e x p r e s s l y p r o v i d e d , n o a p p e a l s h a l l lie f r o m a n y order m a d e by a court; but, w h e r e a decree is appealed from, any error, defect or irregularity in any order, affecting the decision of the case, m a y be set forth as a g r o u n d of objection in the m e m o r a n d u m of a p p e a l . General provisions relating to Appeals

Powers of the High Court on appeal

76.-(1) S u b j e c t t o s u c h c o n d i t i o n s a n d l i m i t a t i o n s a s m a y b e pres c r i b e d , t h e H i g h C o u r t i n t h e e x e r c i s e o f its a p p e l l a t e j u r i s d i c t i o n s h a l l have power(a) to (b) to (c) to (d) to d e t e r m i n e a case finally; r e m i t a c a s e for r e - t r i a l ; f r a m e issues a n d refer t h e m for trial; take additional evidence or to require such evidence to be taken.

(2) Subject as aforesaid, the H i g h Court shall h a v e the s a m e p o w e r s and shall perform as nearly as m a y be the s a m e duties as are conferred and imposed by this C o d e on courts of original jurisdiction in respect of suits instituted therein. P A R T VIII

REFERENCE, REVIEW AND REVISION

Reference to High Court

77. S u b j e c t t o s u c h c o n d i t i o n s a n d l i m i t a t i o n s a s m a y b e p r e s c r i b e d , a n y c o u r t m a y s t a t e a c a s e a n d r e f e r t h e s a m e for t h e o p i n i o n o f t h e H i g h Court, and the H i g h Court m a y m a k e such order thereon as it t h i n k s fit. 78. S u b j e c t a s aforesaid, any person considering himself aggrieved-

Review

(a) b y a d e c r e e o r o r d e r f r o m w h i c h a n a p p e a l i s a l l o w e d b y t h i s C o d e , but from w h i c h no appeal has b e e n preferred; or (b) b y a d e c r e e o r o r d e r f r o m w h i c h n o a p p e a l i s a l l o w e d b y t h i s Code, m a y a p p l y for a r e v i e w o f j u d g m e n t t o t h e c o u r t w h i c h p a s s e d t h e decree or m a d e the order, and the court m a y m a k e such order thereon as it t h i n k s fit.
Revision

79.- ( 1 ) T i n e H i g h C o u r t m a y c a l l f o r t h e r e c o r d o f a n y c a s e w h i c h has been decided by any court subordinate to the High Court and in w h i c h no appeal lies thereto, a n d if such subordinate court a p p e a r s (a) to h a v e e x e r c i s e d a j u r i s d i c t i o n n o t v e s t e d m it by l a w ; or ( b ) t o h a v e failed t o e x e r c i s e a j u r i s d i c t i o n s o v e s t e d ; o r ( c ) t o h a v e a c t e d i n t h e e x e r c i s e o f its j u r i s d i c t i o n i l l e g a l l y o r w i t h material irregularity, t h e H i g h C o u r t m a y m a k e s u c h o r d e r i n t h e c a s e a s i t t h i n k s fit. (2) N o t h i n g i n t h i s s e c t i o n shall b e c o n s t r u e d a s l i m i t i n g t h e H i g h Court's p o w e r to exercise revisional jurisdiction under the Magistrates' Courts Act, 1963.

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PART IX
RULES 8 0 . T h e r u l e s i n t h e First a n d S e c o n d S c h e d u l e s shall h a v e effect a s i f enacted in the body of this C o d e until annulled or altered in accordance with the provisions of this Part. 8 1 . T h e Chief Justice m a y , with the consent of the Minister for the t i m e b e i n g r e s p o n s i b l e for l e g a l affairs, m a k e r u l e s a n n u l l i n g , a l t e r i n g or a d d i n g to all or any of the rules c o n t a i n e d in the First a n d S e c o n d S c h e d u l e s to this C o d e . R u l e s so m a d e shall, from the date of publica t i o n i n t h e Gazette, o r f r o m s u c h o t h e r d a t e a s m a y b e s p e c i f i e d , h a v e t h e s a m e f o r c e a n d effect a s i f t h e y h a d b e e n c o n t a i n e d i n t h e a p p r o p r i a t e S c h e d u l e t o this C o d e . 82.-(1) Rules m a d e in accordance with the provisions of this part shall be not inconsistent w i t h the provisions in the b o d y of this C o d e but, subject thereto, m a y p r o v i d e for any m a t t e r relating t o the p r o c e d u r e of civil courts. (2) In particular, and w i t h o u t prejudice to the generality of the p o w e r s conferred by subsection (1), and in addition to the p o w e r s c o n f e r r e d b y s e c t i o n s 2 9 a n d 4 5 , s u c h r u l e s m a y p r o v i d e for all o r a n y of the following matters, n a m e l y : (a) the service of s u m m o n s e s , notices and other p r o c e s s by p o s t or in any other m a n n e r either generally or in any specified areas, and the p r o o f of such service; ( b ) t h e m a i n t e n a n c e a n d c u s t o d y , w h i l e u n d e r a t t a c h m e n t , o f live stock and o t h e r m o v a b l e property, the fees p a y a b l e for s u c h m a i n t e n a n c e a n d custody, the sale of such livestock and property and the proceeds of such sale; (c) p r o c e d u r e i n s u i t s b y w a y o f c o u n t e r - c l a i m , a n d t h e v a l u a t i o n o f s u c h s u i t s for t h e p u r p o s e s o f j u r i s d i c t i o n ; (d) p r o c e d u r e in g a r n i s h e e and charging orders either in addition to, o r i n s u b s t i t u t i o n for, t h e a t t a c h m e n t a n d sale o f d e b t s ; (e) summary procedure(i) i n s u i t s i n w h i c h t h e p l a i n t i f f s e e k s o n l y t o r e c o v e r a d e b t o r liquidated d e m a n d in m o n e y payable by the defendant, with or without interest, arising on a contract, express or implied, or on an enactment where the sum sought to be recovered is a fixed s u m of m o n e y or in the nature of a debt other than a penalty; or on a guarantee, w h e r e the claim against the principal is in respect of a debt or a liquidated d e m a n d only; or on a trust; or (ii) i n s u i t s f o r t h e r e c o v e r y o f i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y , w i t h o r w i t h o u t a claim for rent or m e s n e profits, by a landlord against a tenant w h o s e term has expired or has been duly determined b y n o t i c e t o q u i t , o r h a s b e c o m e l i a b l e t o f o r f e i t u r e f o r non p a y m e n t of rent, or against persons claiming under such tenant;
Effect of rules in First and Second Schedule Power to makes rule

Matters for which rules may provide

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(g) p r o c e d u r e b y w a y o f o r i g i n a t i n g s u m m o n s ; (h) c o n s o l i d a t i o n o f s u i t s , a p p e a l s a n d o t h e r p r o c e e d i n g s ; (i) d e l e g a t i o n t o a n y R e g i s t r a r , D e p u t y R e g i s t r a r o r D i s t r i c t R e g i s t r a r o r o t h e r official o f t h e c o u r t o f a n y j u d i c i a l , q u a s i - j u d i c i a l , a n d non-judicial duties; and (j) all f o r m s , r e g i s t e r s , b o o k s , e n t r i e s a n d a c c o u n t s w h i c h m a y b e n e c e s s a r y o r d e s i r a b l e for t h e t r a n s a c t i o n o f t h e b u s i n e s s o f c o u r t s .

PART X
MISCELLANEOUS
Courts to respect privacy of women enjoined religion or custom Arrest other than in execution of decree Exemption from arrest under

81.-(1) W o m e n w h o , a c c o r d i n g t o their religion o r local c u s t o m , d o n o t appear in public shall, w h e n appearing or required to appear in court p u r s u a n t to any p r o c e s s issued by the court, be a c c o r d e d s u c h facilities b y for m a i n t a i n i n g t h e i r p r i v a c y a s m a y b e r e a s o n a b l e a n d p r a c t i c a b l e . (2) N o t h i n g h e r e i n c o n t a i n e d shall b e d e e m e d t o e x e m p t such w o m e n f r o m a r r e s t i n e x e c u t i o n o f civil p r o c e s s . 84. T h e P r o v i s i o n s o f s e c t i o n s 4 4 , 4 5 a n d 4 7 s h a l l a p p l y , s o far a s m a y b e , t o all p e r s o n s a r r e s t e d u n d e r t h i s C o d e .

8 5 . - ( 1 ) N o J u d g e , m a g i s t r a t e o r o t h e r j u d i c i a l officer shall b e liable to arrest u n d e r civil p r o c e s s w h i l e g o i n g to, presiding in, or returning civil process f r o m , h i s c o u r t . (2) W h e r e any m a t t e r is p e n d i n g b e f o r e a t r i b u n a l h a v i n g j u r i s d i c t i o n therein, or b e l i e v i n g in g o o d faith that it h a s s u c h jurisdiction, the parties thereto, their advocates and recognized agents, and their witnesses, acting in o b e d i e n c e to a s u m m o n s , shall be e x e m p t from a r r e s t u n d e r c i v i l p r o c e s s o t h e r t h a n p r o c e s s i s s u e d b y s u c h t r i b u n a l for c o n t e m p t of court w h i l e g o i n g to or attending s u c h tribunal for the purpose of such matter, and while returning from such tribunal. (3) N o t h i n g in s u b s e c t i o n (2) shall e n a b l e a j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r to claim e x e m p t i o n from arrest u n d e r an order for i m m e d i a t e execution or where such judgment-debtor attends to show cause w h y he should not be c o m m i t t e d t o p r i s o n in e x e c u t i o n of a d e c r e e . 86.-(1) W h e r e a n a p p l i c a t i o n i s m a d e t h a t a n y p e r s o n s h a l l b e arrested or that any property shall be attached u n d e r any p r o v i s i o n of this C o d e not relating to the execution of decrees, and such person resides or such property is situate outside the local limits of the jurisdic tion of the court to which the application is m a d e , the court m a y , in its d i s c r e t i o n , i s s u e a w a r r a n t o f a r r e s t o r m a k e a n o r d e r o f attach ment, and send to the court within the local limits of w h o s e jurisdiction such p e r s o n or property resides or is situate a c o p y of the w a r r a n t o r o r d e r , t o g e t h e r w i t h t h e p r o b a b l e a m o u n t o f t h e c o s t s o f t h e arrest o r a t t a c h m e n t o r a n o t i c e t h a t s e c u r i t y for t h e p a y m e n t o f s u c h amount has been given. (2) T h e court receiving such c o p y and a m o u n t or notice shall c a u s e the arrest o r a t t a c h m e n t t o b e m a d e b y its o w n officers a n d shall i n f o r m the court w h i c h issued or m a d e such warrant or order of the arrest or attachment.

Procedure where person to be arrested or property to be attached is outside jurisdiction

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(3) T h e c o u r t m a k i n g a n a r r e s t u n d e r t h i s s e c t i o n s h a l l s e n d t h e person arrested to the court by w h i c h the warrant of arrest w a s issued, unless he s h o w s cause to the satisfaction of the former court w h y he should n o t be sent to the latter court, or unless he furnishes sufficient s e c u r i t y for h i s a p p e a r a n c e b e f o r e t h e l a t t e r c o u r t o r f o r s a t i s f y i n g any decree that m a y be passed against h i m by that court, in either of w h i c h c a s e s t h e c o u r t m a k i n g t h e a r r e s t shall r e l e a s e h i m . 87.-(1) In any Admiralty cause of salvage, t o w a g e or collision, t h e H i g h C o u r t m a y , i f i t t h i n k s fit, a n d s h a l l u p o n r e q u e s t o f e i t h e r p a r t y t o s u c h c a u s e , s u m m o n t o its a s s i s t a n c e , i n s u c h m a n n e r a s it m a y direct or as m a y be prescribed, t w o competent assessors, and s u c h a s s e s s o r s shall a t t e n d a n d a s s i s t a c c o r d i n g l y . (2) E v e r y such assessor shall receive such fees for his attendance to be paid by such of the parties as the H i g h Court m a y direct or as m a y b e prescribed. 8 8 . All orders and notices served on or given to any person under t h e p r o v i s i o n s o f this C o d e shall b e i n w r i t i n g .
Orders and notices to b e in writing Application for restitution

Assessors i n
c a u s e s o f s a l v a g e s , e t c .

8 9 . - (1) W h e r e a n d in so far as a d e c r e e is v a r i e d or r e v e r s e d , t h e c o u r t o f first i n s t a n c e s h a l l , o n t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f a n y p a r t y e n t i t l e d to any benefit by w a y of restitution or otherwise, cause such restitution t o b e m a d e a s w i l l , s o far a s m a y b e , p l a c e t h e p a r t i e s i n t h e p o s i t i o n w h i c h they w o u l d have o c c u p i e d b u t for such d e c r e e o r s u c h part thereof as has b e e n varied or reversed; and, for this p u r p o s e , the court m a y m a k e a n y o r d e r s , i n c l u d i n g o r d e r s f o r t h e r e f u n d o f c o s t s a n d for the p a y m e n t of interest, d a m a g e s , c o m p e n s a t i o n and m e s n e profits, w h i c h are properly consequential on such variation or reversal. (2) No suit shall be instituted for the p u r p o s e of obtaining any restitution or other relief w h i c h could be obtained by application under subsection (1).

9 0 . W h e r e any person has b e c o m e liable as suretyEnforcement of (a) f o r t h e p e r f o r m a n c e o f a n y d e c r e e o r a n y p a r t thereof, o r liability (b) for the restitution of any property t a k e n in execution of a decree, of surety or (c) for t h e p a y m e n t o f any m o n e y , o r for t h e fulfillment o f any condi t i o n i m p o s e d o n any p e r s o n , u n d e r a n o r d e r o f t h e c o u r t i n a n y suit o r i n a n y p r o c e e d i n g c o n s e q u e n t t h e r e o n , the decree or order m a y be executed against him, to the extent to w h i c h he has rendered himself personally liable, in the m a n n e r herein provided for the e x e c u t i o n of decrees, and such p e r s o n shall, for the p u r p o s e s of appeal, be d e e m e d a party within the m e a n i n g of section 3 8 , provided that such notices as the court in e a c h case thinks sufficient has b e e n g i v e n to the surety. 9 1 . S a v e a s o t h e r w i s e p r o v i d e d b y t h i s C o d e o r b y a n y w r i t t e n l a w for the time b e i n g in force, w h e r e any p r o c e e d i n g m a y be taken or application m a d e by or against any person, then the proceeding m a y be taken or the application m a y be m a d e by or against any person claiming under him.
Proceedings by or against represantatives

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Consent or agreement b y persons under disability

92. I n all s u i t s t o w h i c h a n y p e r s o n u n d e r d i s a b i l i t y i s a p a r t y , a n y consent or a g r e e m e n t as to any p r o c e e d i n g shall, if given or m a d e with t h e e x p r e s s leave of the c o u r t by t h e n e x t friend or g u a r d i a n for t h e suit, h a v e the s a m e force a n d effect as if s u c h p e r s o n w e r e u n d e r no disability and had given such consent or m a d e such agreement. 93. W h e r e a n y p e r i o d i s f i x e d o r g r a n t e d b y t h e c o u r t f o r t h e d o i n g o f a n y a c t p r e s c r i b e d o r a l l o w e d b y t h i s C o d e , t h e c o u r t m a y , i n its discretion, from time to time, enlarge such period, even though the period originally fixed or granted m a y have expired. 94. S a v e a s o t h e r w i s e p r o v i d e d , w h e r e t h e b u s i n e s s o f a n y c o u r t i s transferred to any other court, the court to w h i c h the business is so transferred shall h a v e the s a m e p o w e r s a n d shall p e r f o r m the s a m e duties as those respectively conferred and imposed by or under this C o d e u p o n the court from w h i c h the business w a s so transferred. 95. N o t h i n g i n t h i s C o d e s h a l l b e d e e m e d t o l i m i t o r o t h e r w i s e affect the inherent p o w e r of the court to m a k e such orders as m a y be neces s a r y for t h e e n d s o f j u s t i c e o r t o p r e v e n t a b u s e o f t h e p r o c e s s o f t h e court. 96. C l e r i c a l o r a r i t h m e t i c a l m i s t a k e s i n j u d g m e n t s , d e c r e e s o r o r d e r s , or errors arising therein from any accidental slip or omission, m a y at a n y t i m e b e c o r r e c t e d b y t h e c o u r t e i t h e r o f its o w n m o t i o n o r o n t h e application of any of the parties. 97. T h e c o u r t m a y a t a n y t i m e , a n d o n s u c h t e r m s a s t o c o s t s o r o t h e r w i s e a s i t m a y t h i n k fit, a m e n d a n y d e f e c t o r e r r o r i n a n y p r o c e e d i n g i n a s u i t ; a n d all n e c e s s a r y a m e n d m e n t s s h a l l b e m a d e for t h e p u r p o s e of determining the real question or issue raised by or depending on such proceeding.

Enlargement of t i m e

Transfer of business

Saving of inherent powers of court Amendments of judgments, decrees or orders General power to amend

Repeal
A

and

Transitional

findian C o d e o f Civil

o n

98. (1) T h e I n d i a n C o d e o f C i v i l P r o c e d u r e , 1 9 0 8 , a s h e r e t o f o r e in force in T a n g a n y i k a shall cease to extend or apply to Tanganyika.

Procedure, 1908 repealed Cap. 2

(2) T h e I n d i a n A c t s ( A p p l i c a t i o n ) O r d i n a n c e i s h e r e b y a m e n d e d b y deleting the reference to the Indian C o d e of Civil Procedure in the Schedule thereto.
Transi tional

99. A l l p r o c e e d i n g s i n s t i t u t e d u n d e r t h e I n d i a n C o d e o f C i v i l P r o c e d u r e , 1 9 0 8 , as heretofore in force in T a n g a n y i k a , shall be c o n t i n u e d u n d e r the provisions of this C o d e .

References 1 0 0 . In every enactment or notification passed or issued before the to the Indian C o d e c o m m e n c e m e n t o f t h i s C o d e i n w h i c h r e f e r e n c e i s m a d e t o o r t o a n y of Civil part, section, order or rule of the Indian C o d e of Civil Procedure, 1908, Procedure, s u c h r e f e r e n c e s h a l l , s o far a s m a y b e p r a c t i c a b l e , b e t a k e n t o b e m a d e 1908

Cap. 1

t o t h i s C o d e o r t o its c o r r e s p o n d i n g p a r t , s e c t i o n , o r d e r o r r u l e a n d t h e provisions of section 10 of the Interpretation and General Clauses O r d i n a n c e shall h a v e effect in relation to the disapplication of the Indian C o d e of Civil Procedure as if that C o d e were an A c t of Parliament w h i c h is repealed and replaced by this A c t .

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101.-(i) S u b j e c t t o a n y p r e s c r i b e d f o r m s t h e C h i e f J u s t i c e m a y a p p r o v e for u s e forms for applications, p r o c e e d i n g s , p r o c e s s e s , notices, orders, decrees, precepts, m e m o r a n d a , b o n d s , c o m m i s s i o n s , letters of r e q u e s t o r o t h e r d o c u m e n t s r e q u i r e d t o b e p r e p a r e d , e x e c u t e d , filed, issued or otherwise used in connection w i t h proceedings under this Code. (2) W h e r e a n y f o r m i s p r e s c r i b e d o r a p p r o v e d f o r u s e b y t h e C h i e f J u s t i c e i t s h a l l b e f o l l o w e d i n all s u c h c a s e s t o w h i c h i t a p p l i e s w i t h such variations as the circumstances of the case require. (3) A l l forms heretofore in use in c o n n e c t i o n with p r o c e e d i n g s u n d e r the Indian C o d e of Civil Procedure, 1908, as in force in Tanganyika, shall, w h e r e applicable and subject to such variations as m a y be n e c e s s a r y , b e d e e m e d t o b e f o r m s a p p r o v e d b y t h e C h i e f J u s t i c e for u s e in connection with proceedings under this C o d e until replaced by forms p r e s c r i b e d o r a p p r o v e d b y t h e C h i e f J u s t i c e u n d e r s u b s e c t i o n (1).

THE FIRST SCHEDULE ORDER 1 PARTIES TO SUITS (a) Joinder of Parties

1. All p e r s o n s m a y join in o n e suit as plaintiffs in w h o m any right to r e l i e f i n r e s p e c t o f o r a r i s i n g o u t o f t h e s a m e act o r t r a n s a c t i o n o r series of acts or transactions is alleged to exist, w h e t h e r jointly, severally or in the alternative, w h e r e , if such p e r s o n s b r o u g h t separate suits any c o m m o n q u e s t i o n o f l a w o r fact w o u l d arise. 2. W h e r e it appears to the court that any j o i n d e r of plaintiffs m a y e m b a r r a s s or delay the trial of the suit, the court m a y p u t the plaintiffs to their election or order separate trials or m a k e such other order as m a y be expedient. 3. All persons m a y be joined as defendants against w h o m any right t o relief i n r e s p e c t o f o r a r i s i n g o u t o f t h e s a m e act o r t r a n s a c t i o n o r series of acts or transactions is alleged to exist, w h e t h e r jointly, severally o r i n the a l t e r n a t i v e , w h e r e i f s e p a r a t e suits w e r e b r o u g h t a g a i n s t s u c h p e r s o n s a n y c o m m o n q u e s t i o n o f l a w o r fact w o u l d arise. 4. Judgment may be given(a) f o r s u c h o n e o r m o r e o f t h e plaintiffs a s m a y b e f o u n d t o b e e n t i t l e d t o relief, for s u c h r e l i e f a s h e o r t h e y m a y b e e n t i t l e d t o ; (b) against such one or m o r e of the defendants as m a y be found to be liable, according to their respective liabilities.
Who may be joined as plaintiffs

Power of court to order separate trails Who may be joined as defendants

Court may give judgment for or against one or more of joint parties

5 . I t s h a l l n o t b e n e c e s s a r y t h a t e v e r y d e f e n d a n t s h a l l b e i n t e r e s t e d Defendant n e e d not a s t o all t h e r e l i e f c l a i m e d i n a n y , s u i t a g a i n s t h i m .

be interested m all the relief claimed

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Joinder of 6 . T h e p l a i n t i f f m a y , a t h i s o p t i o n , j o i n a s p a r t i e s t o t h e s a m e s u i t all P ar t ie s liable o r a n y o f t h e p e r s o n s s e v e r a l l y , o r j o i n t l y a n d s e v e r a l l y , l i a b l e o n a n y on s a m e o n e contract, including parties to bills of e x c h a n g e and p r o m i s s o r y notes.

n s a m e

Contract When plaintiff in doubt from w h o m redress is to b e sought One person m a y sue or defend on behalf of all In same interest

7. W h e r e the plaintiff is in d o u b t as to the p e r s o n from w h o m he is entitled to obtain redress, he m a y j o i n t w o or m o r e defendants in order that the question as to w h i c h of the defendants is liable, and to w h a t e x t e n t , m a y b e d e t e r m i n e d a s b e t w e e n all p a r t i e s . 8.-(1) W h e r e t h e r e a r e n u m e r o u s p e r s o n s h a v i n g t h e s a m e i n t e r e s t i n o n e suit, o n e o r m o r e o f s u c h p e r s o n s m a y , w i t h the P e r m i s s i o n o f the c o u r t , s u e o r b e s u e d , o r m a y d e f e n d , i n s u c h s u i t , o n b e h a l f o f o r for t h e b e n e f i t o f all p e r s o n s s o i n t e r e s t e d . B u t t h e c o u r t s h a l l i n s u c h c a s e g i v e , a t t h e p l a i n t i f f ' s e x p e n s e , n o t i c e o f t h e i n s t i t u t i o n o f t h e s u i t t o all s u c h p e r s o n s either b y p e r s o n a l service or, w h e r e f r o m the n u m b e r o f persons or any other cause such service is not reasonably practicable, by public advertisement, as the court in each case m a y direct. ( 2 ) A n y p e r s o n o n w h o s e b e h a l f o r f o r w h o s e b e n e f i t a suit i s i n s t i t u t e d o r d e f e n d e d u n d e r s u b - r u l e (1) m a y a p p l y t o t h e c o u r t t o b e m a d e a p a r t y t o s u c h suit.

Misjoinder and non-joinder

9. No suit shall be defeated by r e a s o n of the misjoinder or n o n - j o i n d e r of parties, and the court m a y in every suit deal w i t h the matter in c o n t r o v e r s y s o far a s r e g a r d s t h e r i g h t a n d i n t e r e s t s o f t h e p a r t i e s actually before it. 1 0 . - ( 1 ) W h e r e a suit h a s b e e n i n s t i t u t e d i n t h e n a m e o f t h e w r o n g person as plaintiff or w h e r e it is doubtful whether it has b e e n instituted i n t h e n a m e o f t h e r i g h t plaintiff, t h e c o u r t m a y a t a n y s t a g e o f t h e s u i t if satisfied that the suit has b e e n so instituted t h r o u g h a b o n a fide' mistake, and that it is necessary for the determination of the real m a t t e r in dispute so to do, order any other person to be substituted or added as plaintiff u p o n such terms as the court thinks just. (2) T h e court m a y at any stage of the p r o c e e d i n g s , either u p o n or without the application of either party, and on such terms as m a y appear to the court to be just, order that the n a m e of any party improperly joined, w h e t h e r as plaintiff or defendant, be struck out, and that the n a m e of any person w h o ought to have been joined, whether a, plaintiff or defendant, or w h o s e presence before the court m a y be necessary in order to enable the court effectually and completely to a d j u d i c a t e u p o n a n d settle all t h e q u e s t i o n s i n v o l v e d i n t h e suit, b e a d d e d . (3) No p e r s o n shall be a d d e d as a plaintiff suing w i t h o u t a n e x t friend or as the n e x t friend of a plaintiff u n d e r any disability w i t h o u t his consent.

Suit in name of wrong plaintiff

Court m a y strike out or add parties

Where defendant is added plaint to be amended

(4) W h e r e a d e f e n d a n t is a d d e d , the plaint shall, u n l e s s the court otherwise directs, be a m e n d e d in such m a n n e r as m a y be necessary; and a m e n d e d copies of the s u m m o n s and of the plaint shall be served on the n e w d e f e n d a n t a n d , i f t h e c o u r t t h i n k s fit, o n t h e o r i g i n a l d e f e n d a n t .

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(5) Subject to the provisions of section 22 of the Indian Limitation Act, 1908, as applied to Tanganyika, or any enactment modifying or replacing the same, the proceedings as against any person added as defendant shall be d e e m e d to h a v e b e g u n only on the service of the summons. 11. T h e c o u r t m a y g i v e t h e c o n d u c t o f t h e s u i t t o s u c h p e r s o n a s i t deems proper. 12.-(1) W h e r e t h e r e a r e m o r e p l a i n t i f f s t h a n o n e , a n y o n e o r m o r e of t h e m m a y be authorized by any other of t h e m to appear, plead or act for s u c h o t h e r in any p r o c e e d i n g ; and in like m a n n e r , w h e r e there are more defendants than one, any one or more of them m a y be authorized b y a n y o t h e r o f t h e m t o a p p e a r , p l e a d o r a c t for s u c h o t h e r i n a n y proceeding. (2) T h e authority shall be in writing signed by the party g i v i n g it and shall be filed in court. 13. A l l o b j e c t i o n s o n t h e g r o u n d o f n o n - j o i n d e r o r m i s j o i n d e r o f p a r t i e s s h a l l b e t a k e n a t t h e e a r l i e s t p o s s i b l e o p p o r t u n i t y a n d i n all c a s e s w h e r e issues are settled, at or before such settlement, unless the g r o u n d of objection h a s subsequently arisen, and any such objection n o t so t a k e n shall b e d e e m e d t o h a v e b e e n w a i v e d .
Objections as to non-joinder or misjoinder Conduct of suit Appearance of one of several plaintiffs or defendants for the

(b)

Third Party Procedure

any person
Leave to file third party notice

14.-(l) W h e r e i n a n y s u i t a d e f e n d a n t c l a i m s a g a i n s t ( a ) any c o n t r i b u t i o n o r i n d e m n i t y ; o r

n o t a p a r t y t o t h e suit ( h e r e i n a f t e r r e f e r r e d t o a s ''the t h i r d p a r t y ' ' ) (b) any relief or r e m e d y relating to or c o n n e c t e d with the subject matter of the suit and substantially the s a m e as a relief or r e m e d y c l a i m e d by t h e plaintiff, t h e d e f e n d a n t m a y a p p l y t o t h e c o u r t for l e a v e t o p r e s e n t t o t h e c o u r t a third party notice. ( 2 ) A n a p p l i c a t i o n u n d e r s u b - r u l e ( 1 ) shall, u n l e s s t h e c o u r t o t h e r w i s e d i r e c t s , b e m a d e ex-parte a n d b e s u p p o r t e d b y a n a f f i d a v i t s t a t i n g (a) t h e n a t u r e o f t h e c l a i m m a d e b y t h e plaintiff m t h e suit; (b) t h e s t a g e w h i c h p r o c e e d i n g s i n t h e suit h a v e r e a c h e d ; (c) the nature of the claim m a d e by the applicant against the third p a r t y a n d its r e l a t i o n t o t h e p l a i n t i f f ' s c l a i m a g a i n s t t h e a p p l i c a n t ; and (d) t h e n a m e a n d a d d r e s s of t h e t h i r d p a r t y . (3) W h e r e , u p o n a n a p p l i c a t i o n m a d e u n d e r s u b - r u l e (1), t h e c o u r t is satisfied that the defendant's claim against the third party is in respect of a m a t t e r r e f e r r e d to in p a r a g r a p h (a) or (b) of t h a t s u b - r u l e a n d that, h a v i n g r e g a r d t o all t h e c i r c u m s t a n c e s o f t h e c a s e , i t i s r e a s o n a b l e a n d proper to grant leave to the defendant to present a third party notice, the court shall, u p o n s u c h t e r m s and conditions as it m a y think just, m a k e an order granting the defendant leave to present a third party notice.

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(4) An order granting leave to present a third party notice shall contain directions as to the period within which such notice m a y be p r e s e n t e d and as to such other m a t t e r s as the court m a y t h i n k just.
C o n t e n t s of notice

1 5 . E v e r y t h i r d p a r t y n o t i c e shall s t a t e (a) t h e n a t u r e o f t h e plaintiff's c a s e a g a i n s t t h e d e f e n d a n t ; (b) t h e n a t u r e o f t h e d e f e n d a n t ' s c l a i m a g a i n s t t h e t h i r d p a r t y ; (c) t h e reliefs c l a i m e d b y t h e d e f e n d a n t a g a i n s t t h e t h i r d p a r t y ; (d) the period within w h i c h the third party m a y present his d e f e n c e ; and (e) t h e c o n s e q u e n c e s o f t h e f a i l u r e b y t h e t h i r d p a r t y t o p r e s e n t h i s defence within such a period.

Service of notice on third party and other parties to the suit

16.-(1) T h e court shall cause to be served a c o p y of a third party notice presented to it on the third party in accordance with rules relating to service of s u m m o n s . (2) A c o p y o f t h e t h i r d p a r t y n o t i c e shall a l s o b e s e r v e d o n e a c h o f the other parties to the suit in a c c o r d a n c e w i t h the provisions of rule 2 of Order VI as if such notice w e r e a pleading other than a plaint. 17. W h e r e a third party notice has been served on the third party, the third party shall, if he w i s h e s to dispute the plaintiff's c l a i m in the suit against the defendant presenting the third party notice, or his o w n liability to the defendant, w i t h i n t w e n t y - o n e d a y s of the service of the third party notice u p o n him or such longer period as the court m a y have directed or as the court m a y , on the application of the third party, direct, present to the court a written statement of his defence. 18.-(1) W h e r e a third party h a s presented a written statement of defence the court shall on the application of the defendant presenting the third party notice or on the application of the third party or, w h e r e the third party h a s d i s p u t e d the plaintiff's c l a i m against the defendant, o n t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f t h e plaintiff, o r o n its o w n m o t i o n fix a d a t e f o r the giving of directions and m a y on such date, if satisfied that there is a proper question to be tried as to the liability of the third party in respect of the claim m a d e against h i m by the defendant, order the q u e s t i o n o f s u c h l i a b i l i t y t o b e t r i e d i n s u c h m a n n e r , a t o r after t h e trial of the suit, as the c o u r t m a y direct, or, if the c o u r t is n o t so satisfied, p a s s s u c h decree or m a k e s u c h o r d e r as the nature of the case may require. (2) T h e c o u r t shall c a u s e a notice of the date of g i v i n g d i r e c t i o n s to be served on the defendant presenting the third party notice and on the third party and on such other parties to the suit as the court m a y direct, in accordance with the rules relating to service of s u m m o n s .

Defence by third party

Directions

Judgment against third party in default

19.-(1) W h e r e a t h i r d p a r t y m a k e s default in p r e s e n t i n g h i s w r i t t e n statement of defence within the time allowed under rule 17 or having presented a written statement of defence, m a k e s default in appearing on the date fixed for the g i v i n g of d i r e c t i o n s -

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(a) i f t h e d e f e n d a n t p r e s e n t i n g t h e t h i r d p a r t y . n o t i c e suffers j u d g m e n t b y d e f a u l t , s u c h d e f e n d a n t m a y a t a n y t i m e after s a t i s f a c t i o n o f t h a t j u d g m e n t or, w i t h l e a v e o f the c o u r t , b e f o r e satisfaction t h e r e o f , a p p l y ex-parte for j u d g m e n t a g a i n s t t h e t h i r d p a r t y i n respect of any contribution, indemnity or relief claimed in the n o t i c e a n d t h e c o u r t m a y , o n s u c h a p p l i c a t i o n a n d o n ex-parte proof by the defendant of his claim against the third party, enter such j u d g m e n t against the third party as the nature of the suit m a y require; (b) i f t h e d e f e n d a n t p r e s e n t i n g t h e t h i r d p a r t y n o t i c e suffers j u d g m e n t after trial o f t h e suit a g a i n s t h i m , t h e c o u r t m a y a t o r after t h e trial o f t h e suit e n t e r s u c h j u d g m e n t f o r t h e d e f e n d a n t a g a i n s t the third party as the nature of the suit and the claim m a d e in t he third party notice m a y require: Provided that execution of any decree passed consequent upon j u d g m e n t b e i n g entered in accordance w i t h this p a r a g r a p h shall n o t b e i s s u e d w i t h o u t l e a v e o f t h e c o u r t , u n t i l after s a t i s f a c t i o n b y such defendant of the decree passed against h i m ; or (c) i f j u d g m e n t b y c o n s e n t i s e n t e r e d a g a i n s t t h e d e f e n d a n t i n f a v o u r of the plaintiff the court m a y , on application of the defendant a n d o n ex-parte p r o o f b y h i m o f h i s c l a i m a g a i n s t t h e t h i r d party, enter such j u d g m e n t in favour of the defendant against the third party as the nature of the suit m a y r e q u i r e : Provided that execution of any decree passed against the third party consequent upon j u d g m e n t being entered against him in accordance w i t h this p a r a g r a p h shall not be issued w i t h o u t leave o f t h e c o u r t , u n t i l after s a t i s f a c t i o n b y s u c h d e f e n d a n t o f t h e decree passed against h i m . (2) T h e court m a y at any t i m e set aside or v a r y a j u d g m e n t e n t e r e d a g a i n s t a t h i r d p a r t y p u r s u a n t t o t h e p r o v i s i o n s o f s u b - r u l e (1) o n s u c h t e r m s a s i t m a y t h i n k just. 20. T h e c o u r t m a y d e c i d e all q u e s t i o n s o f c o s t s b e t w e e n a t h i r d p a r t y a n d o t h e r p a r t i e s t o t h e suit, a n d m a y m a k e s u c h o r d e r s a s t o costs as it m a y t h i n k j u s t . 21. S u b j e c t t o t h e p r o v i s i o n s o f r u l e s 14, 1 5 , 16, 1 7 , 1 8 a n d 1 9 , t h e provisions of this C o d e and the provisions of the Indian Limitation as a p p l i e d to T a n g a n y i k a s h a l l a p p l y mutatis mutandis in r e l a t i o n to a t h i r d p a r t y n o t i c e a n d t o p r o c e e d i n g s b e g u n t h e r e b y a s if(a) t h e t h i r d p a r t y n o t i c e w e r e a s u m m o n s to d e f e n d ; ( b ) the d e f e n d a n t p r e s e n t i n g the n o t i c e w e r e a plaintiff a n d the third party were a defendant; (e) t h e date fixed for t h e g i v i n g of d i r e c t i o n s w e r e a date fixed for the h e a r i n g of a suit; and ( d ) j u d g m e n t e n t e r e d a g a i n s t the third party i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h the p r o v i s i o n s o f r u l e 1 9 w e r e a n ex-parte j u d g m e n t e n t e r e d a g a i n s t a d e f e n d a n t in a suit.
costs

Provisions of the Code and Law of Limitation to apply to third party proceedings

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A third party may present a third party notice Co-defendant as a third party

22. A t h i r d p a r t y s e r v e d w i t h a t h i r d p a r t y n o t i c e s h a l l h a v e t h e s a m e right to p r e s e n t a third party notice against s o m e other party no t a party to the suit as if he w e r e a d e f e n d a n t in that suit. 23. W h e r e i n a n y s u i t a d e f e n d a n t c l a i m s a g a i n s t a n o t h e r d e f e n d a n t i n t h e s a m e suit ( h e r e i n a f t e r r e f e r r e d t o a s ''the c o - d e f e n d a n t ' ' ) (a) a n y c o n t r i b u t i o n o r i n d e m n i t y ; (b) a n y r e l i e f o r r e m e d y r e l a t i n g t o o r c o n n e c t e d w i t h a n y s u b j e c t m a t t e r of the suit a n d substantially the s a m e as a relief or r e m e d y claimed by the plaintiff against the defendant, such defendant m a y present a third party notice against the co-defendant in the same m a n n e r and subject to the same conditions as if the c o - d e f e n d a n t w e r e a third party a n d the s a m e p r o c e d u r e shall be a d o p t e d for t h e d e t e r m i n a t i o n o f t h e c l a i m s m a d e a g a i n s t t h e c o - d e f e n d a n t a s i f the co-defendant were a third party.

ORDER II
F R A M E OF SUIT
F r a m e of suit

1 . E v e r y suit s h a l l a s far a s p r a c t i c a b l e b e f r a m e d s o a s t o afford g r o u n d for f i n a l d e c i s i o n u p o n t h e s u b j e c t s i n d i s p u t e a n d t o p r e v e n t further litigation concerning t h e m . 2.-(1) E v e r y s u i t s h a l l i n c l u d e t h e w h o l e o f t h e c l a i m w h i c h t h e plaintiff is entitled to m a k e in respect of the cause of action; but a plaintiff m a y relinquish any portion of h i s claim in order to bring t h e suit w i t h i n t h e j u r i s d i c t i o n o f a n y c o u r t . ( 2 ) W h e r e a p l a i n t i f f o m i t s t o s u e i n r e s p e c t of, o r i n t e n t i o n a l l y relinquishes, any portion of h i s claim, he shall not afterwards sue in respect of the portion so omitted or relinquished

Suit to include the whole claim Relinquishment of

p

cl a i m
u e f

r t

.of

(3) A p e r s o n entitled to m o r e t h a n o n e relief in r e s p e c t of the s a m e c a u s e o f a c t i o n m a y s u e for all o r a n y o f s u c h r e l i e f s ; b u t i f several reliefs h e o m i t s , e x c e p t w i t h t h e l e a v e o f t h e c o u r t , t o s u e f o r all s u c h reliefs, he shall not afterwards sue for any relief so omitted.
s o r f o n e o

omission t o

Explanation: F o r t h e p u r p o s e s o f t h i s r u l e a n o b l i g a t i o n a n d a c o l l a t e r a l s e c u r i t y for its p e r f o r m a n c e a n d s u c c e s s i v e c l a i m s a r i s i n g u n d e r t h e s a m e obligation shall b e d e e m e d r e s p e c t i v e l y t o consti tute but one cause of action.
Joinder of causes of action

3.-(1) S a v e as o t h e r w i s e p r o v i d e d , a plaintiff m a y u n i t e in t h e s a m e suit s e v e r a l c a u s e s o f a c t i o n a g a i n s t t h e s a m e d e f e n d a n t , o r t h e s a m e defendants jointly; and any plaintiffs h a v i n g causes of action in w h i c h they are jointly interested against the s a m e defendant or the same defendants jointly m a y unite such causes of action in the same suit. (2) W h e r e c a u s e s o f a c t i o n are u n i t e d , t h e j u r i s d i c t i o n o f t h e c o u r t as r e g a r d s the suit shall d e p e n d on the a m o u n t or value of the aggregate subject-matters at the date of instituting the suit.

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Only certain claims to be joined for recovery of immovable property

4. No cause of action shall, unless w i t h the leave of the court, be j o i n e d w i t h a s u i t for t h e r e c o v e r y o f i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y , e x c e p t ( a ) c l a i m s for m e s n e p r o f i t s o r a r r e a r s o f r e n t i n r e s p e c t property claimed or any part thereof; ( b ) c l a i m s for d a m a g e s for b r e a c h o f a n y c o n t r a c t the property or any part thereof is held; and of the

under which

(c) c l a i m s i n w h i c h t h e r e l i e f s o u g h t i s b a s e d o n t h e s a m e c a u s e of action: P r o v i d e d that n o t h i n g in this rule shall be d e e m e d to p r e v e n t any p a r t y i n a s u i t for f o r e c l o s u r e o r r e d e m p t i o n f r o m a s k i n g t o b e p u t into p o s s e s s i o n o f t h e m o r t g a g e d p r o p e r t y . 5. No claim by or against an executor, administrator or heir, as such shall be joined w i t h claims by or against h i m personally, unless the last-mentioned claims are alleged to arise with reference to the estate in respect of w h i c h the plaintiff or defendant sues or is sued as executor, administrator or heir, or such as he w a s entitled to, o r l i a b l e for, j o i n t l y w i t h t h e d e c e a s e d p e r s o n w h o m h e r e p r e s e n t s . 6. W h e r e it appears to the court that any causes of action joined in o n e suit c a n n o t be c o n v e n i e n t l y tried or d i s p o s e d of together, the court m a y order separate trials or m a k e such other order as m a y be expedient. 7. All objections on the ground of misjoinder of causes of action s h a l l b e t a k e n a t t h e e a r l i e s t p o s s i b l e o p p o r t u n i t y a n d i n all c a s e s w h e r e issues are settled, at or before such settlement, unless the g r o u n d of objection has subsequently arisen, and any such objection not so t a k e n shall b e d e e m e d t o h a v e b e e n w a i v e d .
Claims by or against executor, administrator or heir

Power of court to order separate trials Objections as to misjoinder

ORDER III
RECOGNIZED AGENTS AND ADVOCATES
1 . A n y a p p e a r a n c e , a p p l i c a t i o n o r act i n o r t o a n y c o u r t , r e q u i r e d or authorized by law to be m a d e or done by a party in such court, m a y , except w h e r e otherwise expressly provided by any l a w for the time being in force, be m a d e or done by the party in person or by h i s recognized agent or by an advocate duly appointed to act on h i s behalf: P r o v i d e d that any such appearance shall, if the court so directs, be m a d e by the party in person. 2. The recognized agents of parties by w h o m such appearances, applications and acts m a y b e m a d e o r d o n e are(a) p e r s o n s h o l d i n g powers-of-attorney, authorizing t h e m to m a k e and do such appearances, applications and acts on b e h a l f of such parties;
Appear ances, etc., may be in person by recognized agent or by advocate

Recognized agents

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(b) p e r s o n s c a r r y i n g o n t r a d e o r b u s i n e s s for a n d i n t h e n a m e s o f parties not resident within the local limits of the jurisdiction of the court within w h i c h limits the appearance, application or act is m a d e or done, in matters connected with such trade or business only, where no other agent is expressly authorized to m a k e and do such appearances, applications and acts. Service of process on recognized agent 3.-(1) Processes served on the r e c o g n i z e d agent of a party shall be as effectual as if the s a m e h a d b e e n served on the party in person, unless the court otherwise directs. (2) T h e p r o v i s i o n s for t h e s e r v i c e of p r o c e s s on a p a r t y to a suit shall apply to the service of process on his recognized agent. Advocate to produce written authority when required Service of process on advocate 4. T h e court m a y require any advocate c l a i m i n g to act on b e h a l f of any party w h o has not appeared in person or by his recognized agent to produce, within such time as m a y be reasonable, a written authority s i g n e d b y s u c h p a r t y or, his r e c o g n i z e d a g e n t a u t h o r i z i n g the advocate to act on behalf of such party. 5 . A n y p r o c e s s s e r v e d o n t h e a d v o c a t e o f a n y p a r t y o r left a t t h e office o r o r d i n a r y r e s i d e n c e o f s u c h a d v o c a t e , a n d w h e t h e r t h e s a m e is for the p e r s o n a l a p p e a r a n c e of the party or not, shall be p r e s u m e d to be duly communicated and m a d e k n o w n to the party w h o m the advocate represents, and, unless the court otherwise directs, shall be a s e f f e c t u a l f o r all p u r p o s e s a s i f t h e s a m e h a d b e e n g i v e n t o o r served on the party in person. 6 . - ( 1 ) B e s i d e s the r e c o g n i z e d a g e n t s d e s c r i b e d in r u l e 2 any p e r s o n residing within the jurisdiction of the court m a y be appointed an agent to accept service of process. ( 2 ) S u c h a p p o i n t m e n t m a y b e s p e c i a l o r g e n e r a l a n d shall b e m a d e b y a n i n s t r u m e n t i n w r i t i n g s i g n e d b y t h e p r i n c i p a l , a n d s u c h instru m e n t or, if the a p p o i n t m e n t is g e n e r a l , a certified c o p y thereof, shall be filed in c o u r t .

Agent to accept service Appointment to be in writing and to be filed in court

ORDER IV INSTITUTION OF SUITS Suit to be com menced by plaint 1.-(1) E v e r y s u i t s h a l l b e i n s t i t u t e d b y p r e s e n t i n g a p l a i n t t o t h e c o u r t o r s u c h officer a s i t a p p o i n t s i n t h i s b e h a l f . (2) E v e r y plaint shall c o m p l y w i t h the rules contained in O r d e r s V I a n d V I I s o far a s t h e y a r e a p p l i c a b l e . Register o f
s u i t s

2. T h e court shall cause the particulars of every suit to be entered in a b o o k to be k e p t for the p u r p o s e a n d called t h e register of civil suits. S u c h entries shall be n u m b e r e d in every y e a r according to the o r d e r in w h i c h the plaints are p r e s e n t e d .

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ORDER V ISSUE A N D SERVICE OF SUMMONS ISSUE OF SUMMONS

1. W h e r e a suit h a s b e e n duly instituted a s u m m o n s m a y be issued to Summons the d e f e n d a n t (a) t o a p p e a r a n d a n s w e r t h e c l a i m o n a d a y t o b e s p e c i f i e d t h e r e i n (hereinafter r e f e r r e d to as a s u m m o n s to a p p e a r ) ; or (b) i f t h e suit i s i n s t i t u t e d i n a c o u r t o t h e r t h a n t h e H i g h C o u r t a n d t h e c o u r t s o d e t e r m i n e s , t o file, i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h s u b - r u l e ( 2 ) o f rule 1 of Order VIII, a written statement of defence to the claim ( h e r e i n a f t e r r e f e r r e d to as a s u m m o n s to file a d e f e n c e ) : P r o v i d e d that no s u m m o n s shall be issued u n d e r this rule w h e n the defendant has appeared at the presentation of the plaint, has proved h i s identity to the satisfaction of the c o u r t a n d h a s a d m i t t e d the plain tiff's c l a i m . 2. E v e r y s u m m o n s shall be signed by the J u d g e or Magistrate or such officer a s m a y b e a p p o i n t e d b y the C h i e f Justice i n that b e h a l f and shall b e s e a l e d w i t h t h e seal o f t h e c o u r t . 3. E v e r y s u m m o n s shall be a c c o m p a n i e d by a c o p y of the plaint. 4. A s u m m o n s to appear issued by a court other than the H i g h C o u r t s h a l l d i r e c t t h a t t h e d e f e n d a n t s h a l l p r o d u c e o n t h e d a y f i x e d for h i s appearance( a ) all d o c u m e n t s i n his p o s s e s s i o n o r p o w e r u p o n w h i c h h e intends to rely in supporting his case; and ( b ) all w i t n e s s e s u p o n w h o s e e v i d e n c e h e i n t e n d s t o r e l y i n s u p p o r t o f his case. 5. Save where the court requires the personal appearance of the defendant, a defendant in respect of w h o m a s u m m o n s to appear is issued m a y appear: ( a ) in p e r s o n ; or (b) b y a n a d v o c a t e d u l y i n s t r u c t e d a n d able t o a n s w e r all m a t e r i a l questions relating to the suit; or (c) b y a n a d v o c a t e a c c o m p a n i e d b y s o m e p e r s o n a b l e t o a n s w e r all such questions. 6. T h e day for the a p p e a r a n c e of t h e d e f e n d a n t shall be fixed w i t h reference to the current b u s i n e s s of the court, the place of residence of t h e d e f e n d a n t a n d t h e t i m e n e c e s s a r y for t h e s e r v i c e o f t h e s u m m o n s ; and the d a y shall be so fixed as to allow the defendant sufficient t i m e to enable him to appear and answer on such day.
Fixing day for appearance Appearance of defendant

Summons t o
b e s i g n e d

and sealed

Copy of plaint Further directions in summons to appear

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7 . (1) W h e r e t h e c o u r t s e e s r e a s o n t o r e q u i r e t h e p e r s o n a l a p p e a r a n c e of the defendant, the s u m m o n s shall order h i m to appear in p e r s o n in court on the d a y therein specified. (2) W h e r e the court sees reason to require the personal a p p e a r a n c e of the plaintiff on t h e s a m e d a y , it shall m a k e an o r d e r for s u c h appearance. (3) T h e p o w e r of court shall not be effected by where in any such case appearance, it m a y issue to require the issue the court a separate the personal appearance of a party o f a s u m m o n s t o file a d e f e n c e , b u t s e e s fit t o r e q u i r e s u c h p e r s o n a l s u m m o n s t o t h a t effect.

N o party to b e ordered to appear in person unless resident within certain limits

8. No party shall be ordered to appear in p e r s o n unless he resides(a) w i t h i n t h e l o c a l l i m i t s o f t h e c o u r t ' s o r d i n a r y j u r i s d i c t i o n , o r ( b ) w i t h o u t s u c h l i m i t s b u t a t a p l a c e l e s s t h a n fifty o r , w h e r e t h e r e i s railway or steamer communication or other established public c o n v e y a n c e for five-sixths of the distance b e t w e e n the place w h e r e he resides and the place w h e r e the court is situate, less than t w o hundred miles distance from the court-house.

Service

of Summons

Delivery 9.-(1) W h e r e t h e d e f e n d a n t r e s i d e s w i t h i n t h e j u r i s d i c t i o n o f t h e or court in w h i c h the suit is instituted or h a s an agent resident w i t h i n that transmission of s u m m o n s j u r i s d i c t i o n w h o i s e m p o w e r e d t o a c c e p t t h e s e r v i c e o f t h e s u m m o n s , t h e for service s u m m o n s shall, unless the court otherwise directs, be delivered or sent

to the p r o p e r officer to be served by h i m or o n e of his subordinates. (2) T h e in w h i c h summons court m a y

Mode of service

p r o p e r officer m a y b e a n officer o f a c o u r t o t h e r t h a n t h a t t h e s u i t i s i n s t i t u t e d , a n d , w h e r e h e i s s u c h a n officer, t h e m a y be sent to h i m by post or in such other m a n n e r as the direct.

10. Service of the s u m m o n s shall be m a d e by delivering or tendering a c o p y t h e r e o f signed by the J u d g e , or m a g i s t r a t e , or such officer as the C h i e f Justice m a y a p p o i n t in this behalf, a n d sealed w i t h the seal of the court. 1 1 . Save as otherwise prescribed, w h e r e there are m o r e defendants t h a n one, service of the s u m m o n s shall be m a d e on each defendant. 1 2 . W h e r e v e r it is practicable, service shall be m a d e on the defendant in person, unless he h a s an agent e m p o w e r e d to accept service, in which case service on such agent shall be sufficient.

Service on several defendants Service to be on defendant In person when practicable or on his agent Service on agent by whom defendant carried on business

1 3 . - ( 1 ) I n a suit r e l a t i n g t o a n y b u s i n e s s o r w o r k a g a i n s t a p e r s o n w h o does not reside within the local limits of the jurisdiction of the court from w h i c h the s u m m o n s is issued, service on any m a n a g e r or agent, w h o , at the time of service personally carries on such business or w o r k for s u c h p e r s o n w i t h i n s u c h limits, shall b e d e e m e d g o o d s e r v i c e .

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(2) F o r the p u r p o s e of this rule the m a s t e r of a ship shall be d e e m e d to be the agent of the o w n e r or charterer. 1 4 . W h e r e i n a suit t o o b t a i n r e l i e f r e s p e c t i n g , o r c o m p e n s a t i o n for w r o n g to, immovable property, service cannot be m a d e on the defendant in person, and the defendant has no agent e m p o w e r e d to accept the service, it m a y be m a d e on any agent of the defendant in charge of the property. 1 5 . W h e r e in any suit the defendant c a n n o t be found and has no agent e m p o w e r e d to accept service of the s u m m o n s on his behalf service m a y be m a d e on any adult m a l e m e m b e r of the family of the defendant w h o is residing with him. Explanation: A s e r v a n t m e a n i n g of this rule. is n o t a m e m b e r of t h e f a m i l y w i t h i n t h e
Services on agent in charge in suits for immovable property Where service may be on male members of defendant's family

1 6 . W h e r e the serving officer delivers or tenders a c o p y of the s u m m o n s to the defendant personally, or to an agent or other person on h i s behalf, h e s h a l l r e q u i r e t h e s i g n a t u r e o f t h e p e r s o n t o w h o m t h e copy is so delivered or tendered to an acknowledgment of service endorsed on the original s u m m o n s : Provided that where the defendant, his agent or such other person refuses to sign the a c k n o w l e d g m e n t the serving officer shall leave a copy thereof with h i m and return the original to the court together w i t h an affidavit stating that the p e r s o n u p o n w h o m he served the s u m m o n s r e f u s e d t o s i g n t h e a c k n o w l e d g m e n t , t h a t h e left a c o p y of the s u m m o n s with such person and the n a m e and address of the p e r s o n (if a n y ) b y w h o m t h e p e r s o n o n w h o m t h e s u m m o n s w a s s e r v e d w a s identified. 1 7 . W h e r e t h e s e r v i n g o f f i c e r , after u s i n g all d u e a n d r e a s o n able diligence, c a n n o t find the defendant, and there is no agent e m p o w e r e d to accept service of the s u m m o n s on his behalf, n o r any other p e r s o n o n w h o m service c a n b e m a d e , the serving officer shall affix a c o p y o f t h e s u m m o n s o n t h e o u t e r d o o r o r s o m e other conspicuous part of the house in w h i c h the defendant ordinarily r e s i d e s o r c a r r i e s o n b u s i n e s s o r p e r s o n a l l y w o r k s for g a i n , a n d shall then return the original to the court from w h i c h it w a s issued, with a report e n d o r s e d t h e r e o n or a n n e x e d thereto stating that he h a s so affixed the copy, the c i r c u m s t a n c e s u n d e r w h i c h he did so, and the n a m e a n d a d d r e s s o f t h e p e r s o n (if a n y ) b y w h o m t h e h o u s e w a s identified and in w h o s e presence the copy w a s affixed. 1 8 . T h e s e r v i n g officer shall, i n all c a s e s i n w h i c h t h e s u m m o n s h a b e e n s e r v e d u n d e r rule 1 6, e n d o r s e or a n n e x , or c a u s e to be e n d o r s e d or annexed, on or to the original s u m m o n s , a return stating the time w h e n and the m a n n e r in w h i c h the s u m m o n s w a s served, and the n a m e a n d a d d r e s s o f t h e p e r s o n (if a n y ) identifying t h e p e r s o n s e r v e d a n d witnessing the delivery or tender of the s u m m o n s .

Person served to sign acknowledge ment

Procedure when defendant cannot be found

Endorsement of time and manner of service

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Examination
o f s o f f ic e r ving e r

19. W h e r e a s u m m o n s i s r e t u r n e d u n d e r r u l e 1 7 , t h e c o u r t s h a l l , if the return u n d e r that rule h a s n o t b e e n verified by the affidavit of t h e s e r v i n g officer, a n d m a y , if it h a s b e e n so verified, e x a m i n e the serving officer on oath, or c a u s e h i m to be so e x a m i n e d by another court, t o u c h i n g his p r o c e e d i n g s , and m a y m a k e such further inquiry i n t h e m a t t e r a s i t t h i n k s fit; a n d s h a l l e i t h e r d e c l a r e t h a t t h e s u m m o n s h a s b e e n d u l y s e r v e d o r o r d e r s u c h service a s i t t h i n k s fit. 20.-(1) W h e r e t h e c o u r t i s s a t i s f i e d t h a t t h e r e i s r e a s o n t o b e l i e v e t h a t the d e f e n d a n t i s k e e p i n g o u t o f t h e w a y for the p u r p o s e o f a v o i d i n g service, or that for any other r e a s o n , the s u m m o n s c a n n o t be served in the ordinary w a y , the court shall order the s u m m o n s to be served by affixing a c o p y t h e r e o f i n s o m e c o n s p i c u o u s p l a c e i n t h e c o u r t - h o u s e , a n d a l s o u p o n s o m e c o n s p i c u o u s p a r t o f t h e h o u s e (if a n y ) i n w h i c h t h e d e f e n d a n t i s k n o w n t o h a v e last r e s i d e d o r c a r r i e d o n b u s i n e s s o r p e r s o n a l l y w o r k e d for g a i n , o r i n s u c h o t h e r m a n n e r a s t h e c o u r t t h i n k s fit. ( 2 ) S e r v i c e s u b s t i t u t e d b y o r d e r o f t h e c o u r t shall b e a s e f f e c t u a l as if it had been m a d e on the defendant personally. (3) W h e r e service is substituted by order of the court, the court s h a l l fix s u c h t i m e for t h e a p p e a r a n c e o f t h e d e f e n d a n t a s t h e c a s e m a y require.

Substituted service

Effect of substituted service Where service substituted time for appearance to b e fixed Service by post

21.-(1) W h e r e t h e c o u r t i s satisfied t h a t t o r e q u i r e a s u m m o n s t o b e served on a defendant in the ordinary m a n n e r or by substituted service m a y cause undue delay and that the s u m m o n s m a y m o r e conveniently be served by post, the court m a y order that the s u m m o n s be served b y post. (2) W h e r e a s u m m o n s has b e e n sent to a defendant by post and the court is satisfied that u n d e r the provisions of rule 30 the service m a y b e d e e m e d t o h a v e b e e n duly effected, the s u m m o n s shall b e d e e m e d to h a v e b e e n served on the defendant as effectively as if it h a d b e e n served on him personally. ( 3 ) W h e r e s e r v i c e i s b y p o s t t h e c o u r t shall fix s u c h t i m e for t h e appearance of the defendant as the case m a y require.

Service of summons where defendant resides within jurisdiction of another court

22.-(1) T h e o r i g i n a l a n d a c o p y o f a s u m m o n s m a y b e s e n t b y t h e c o u r t b y w h i c h i t i s i s s u e d e i t h e r b y o n e o f its o f f i c e r s o r b y p o s t t o a n y court (not being the H i g h Court) having jurisdiction m the place where the defendant resides. (2) W h e r e the defendant resides within the jurisdiction of the H i g h Court of Zanzibar the original and a copy of the s u m m o n s m a y be sent b y t h e c o u r t b y w h i c h i t i s i s s u e d e i t h e r b y o n e o f its o f f i c e r s o r b y p o s t to the H i g h Court of Zanzibar or to any court subordinate thereto w i t h i n w h o s e jurisdiction t h e d e f e n d a n t r e s i d e s for service o n the defendant.

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Duty of court to which summons is sent Service on defendant in prison Service on officers of the Government, the East Africa Common Services Organiza tion and local authorities

23. T h e c o u r t t o w h i c h t h e o r i g i n a l a n d a c o p y o f a s u m m o n s a r e s e n t u n d e r r u l e 2 2 , s h a l l , u p o n r e c e i p t thereof, p r o c e e d a s i f t h e s u m m o n s h a d b e e n issued by such court and shall t h e n return the s u m m o n s to t h e c o u r t o f i s s u e , t o g e t h e r w i t h t h e r e c o r d ( i f a n y ) o f its p r o c e e d i n g s w i t h regard t h e r e t o . 24. W h e r e t h e d e f e n d a n t is c o n f i n e d in a p r i s o n , t h e o r i g i n a l a n d a c o p y o f t h e s u m m o n s shall b e d e l i v e r e d o r s e n t t o t h e officer i n c h a r g e o f t h e p r i s o n for service o n t h e d e f e n d a n t . 2 5 . W h e r e the d e f e n d a n t is an officer of the G o v e r n m e n t or of the East African C o m m o n Services Organization or of a local authority t h e c o u r t m a y , i f i t a p p e a r s t o i t t h a t t h e s u m m o n s m a y b e m o s t con v e n i e n t l y s o s e r v e d , s e n d t h e o r i g i n a l a n d a c o p y o f t h e s u m m o n s for s e r v i c e o n t h e d e f e n d a n t t o t h e h e a d o f t h e office i n w h i c h h e i s employed.

26. W h e n t h e d e f e n d a n t i s a m e m b e r o f t h e a r m e d f o r c e s o f t h e R e p u b l i c , the court shall send the original and a c o p y of the s u m m o n s for service o n t h e d e f e n d a n t t o h i s c o m m a n d i n g officer. 2 7 . - (1) W h e r e t h e original a n d a c o p y of a s u m m o n s are delivered o r s e n t t o a n y p e r s o n for s e r v i c e u n d e r r u l e 2 4 , r u l e 2 5 o r r u l e 2 6 such p e r s o n shall be b o u n d to serve the s u m m o n s if possible, and to return it under his signature, with a written a c k n o w l e d g m e n t of the d e f e n d a n t or, if there is no s u c h a c k n o w l e d g m e n t , w i t h a certificate of service, and such signature or certificate shall be d e e m e d to be e v i d e n c e of service. (2) W h e r e f r o m a n y c a u s e s e r v i c e i s i m p o s s i b l e , t h e s u m m o n s shall b e r e t u r n e d t o t h e c o u r t w i t h a full s t a t e m e n t o f s u c h c a u s e a n d o f the steps t a k e n to p r o c u r e service, and such statement shall be d e e m e d to be e v i d e n c e of n o n - s e r v i c e . 28. W h e r e t h e d e f e n d a n t i s b e l i e v e d t o r e s i d e i n K e n y a , U g a n d a , Malawi or Zambia and has no k n o w n agent in Tanzania empowered to a c c e p t service, the s u m m o n s m a y b e served(a) w h e r e the plaintiff has furnished the postal address of the defendant, by post; (b) in any other case, t h r o u g h the courts of the c o u n t r y in w h i c h the defendant is believed to reside; (c) by leave of the court, by t h e plaintiff or his agent. 29. W h e r e the defendant is believed to reside outside Tanzania, elsewhere than in Kenya, U g a n d a , M a l a w i or Z a m b i a and has no k n o w n agent in Tanzania e m p o w e r e d to accept service, the court m a y , on the a p p l i c a t i o n o f t h e plaintiff, o r d e r t h a t s e r v i c e o f t h e s u m m o n s b e effected(a) by post; (b) by t h e plaintiff or his a g e n t ; or (c) t h r o u g h t h e c o u r t s o f t h e c o u n t r y i n w h i c h t h e believed to reside. defendant is

Service on members of the armed forces Duty of person to whom summons is delivered or sent for service

Service where defendant resides in a neighbour ing country

Service where defendant resides outside Tanzania

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3 0 . S e r v i c e b y p o s t m a y b e d e e m e d t o h a v e b e e n d u l y e f f e c t e d if(a) the s u m m o n s is r e t u r n e d by the defendant e n d o r s e d w i t h an acknowledgment of receipt; (b) a letter or other d o c u m e n t is r e c e i v e d from the defendant acknowledging or indicating that he received the s u m m o n s ; or (c) e v i d e n c e is p r o d u c e d that a postal packet w a s r e c e i v e d by the defendant, s u p p o r t e d by a certificate of an officer of the court that the postal packet contained the s u m m o n s . 31. S e r v i c e b y t h e p l a i n t i f f o r h i s a g e n t m a y b e d e e m e d t o h a v e b e e n duly effected if an affidavit is filed by the p e r s o n w h o effected the service(a) t h a t h e p e r s o n a l l y s e r v e d t h e s u m m o n s o n t h e d e f e n d a n t ; a n d (b) that the defendant w a s personally k n o w n to h i m or w a s identified to h i m by a p e r s o n n a m e d in the affidavit; and (c) e x h i b i t i n g the s u m m o n s or a c o p y t h e r e o f e n d o r s e d by the defendant with an a c k n o w l e d g m e n t of service or giving the reasons w h y no such acknowledgment could be obtained.

Service by the plaintiff or his agent

Service 32. Service through the courts of the country in w h i c h the defendant through is believed to reside m a y be d e e m e d to h a v e been duly effected if the the s u m m o n s is returned by any such court with an endorsement that it has courts of other b e e n served. countries Procedure for 33.-(l) W h e r e t h e c o u r t of a R e s i d e n t M a g i s t r a t e or a d i s t r i c t c o u r t Procuring h a s ordered the service of a s u m m o n s to be effected t h r o u g h the courts service of any country, other than Kenya, Uganda, Malawi or Zambia, in which through courts the defendant is believed to reside, it shall remit to the Registrar of the of other H i g h Court at D a r es Salaam, and where the H i g h Court has so countries ordered, the Registrar shall issue, a s u m m o n s , together w i t h t w o copies thereof and two copies of a translation thereof in the language of the country in which the s u m m o n s is to be served, if that language is other than English, and the Registrar shall thereupon send those documents, together with a certificate as to the s u m of m o n e y deposited or secured to cover the expenses of service, to the Principal Secretary to the Ministry f o r t h e t i m e b e i n g r e s p o n s i b l e for l e g a l a f f a i r s (a) w h e r e l e a v e h a s b e e n g i v e n f o r s e r v i c e t o b e e f f e c t e d i n a c o u n t r y with which a Convention has been m a d e by the United Republic c o n c e r n i n g t h e s e r v i c e o f c i v i l p r o c e s s e s , for t r a n s m i s s i o n t o t h e representative of the United Republic in that country or as the Convention m a y otherwise provide; or ( b ) for t r a n s m i s s i o n t o t h e G o v e r n m e n t o f t h e c o u n t r y i n w h i c h l e a v e h a s b e e n g i v e n for service to be effected, w i t h a L e t t e r of R e q u e s t that service be effected t h r o u g h the courts of that country. (2) W h e r e the defendant is believed to reside in K e n y a , U g a n d a , M a l a w i or Z a m b i a the court w h i c h issued the s u m m o n s m a y send the o r i g i n a l a n d a c o p y t h e r e o f for s e r v i c e d i r e c t t o a n y c o u r t h a v i n g c i v i l jurisdiction in the place where the defendant is believed to reside. ( 3 ) A s u m m o n s s h a l l n o t b e s e n t for s e r v i c e t h r o u g h t h e c o u r t s o f a n y other country unless there h a s been deposited with the court or secured a s u m sufficient in the opinion of the court to cover the, e x p e n s e s of service.

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ORDER VI

PLEADING GENERALLY
1. ''Pleading'' shall m e a n plaint or written statement of defence ( i n c l u d i n g a w r i t t e n s t a t e m e n t of d e f e n c e filed by a t h i r d p a r t y ) a n d s u c h other subsequent pleadings as m a y be presented in accordance with rule 13 of O r d e r V I I I . 2.-(l) W h e r e a n y p l e a d i n g i s presenting the pleading shallpresented to the court the
Pleading

p a r t y Service of
pleadings on parties to the suit

(a) in the case of plaint, p r e s e n t to the court s u c h additional n u m b e r of copies of the plaint as there m a y be defendants to enable the court to serve a copy of the plaint on each of the defendants; and (b) i n t h e c a s e o f a n y o t h e r p l e a d i n g : (i) p r i o r t o t h e p r e s e n t a t i o n o f t h e p l e a d i n g , s e r v e o r c a u s e t o b e served on each of the other parties to the suit a c o p y of such pleading; or (ii) a t t h e t i m e o f s u c h p r e s e n t a t i o n p r e s e n t t o t h e c o u r t s u c h additional n u m b e r of copies of the pleading as there m a y b e other parties t o the suit w h o h a v e not b e e n s e r v e d w i t h t h e m in accordance with provisions of sub-paragraph (1), and t h e court shall c a u s e to be s e r v e d on e a c h of s u c h parties a copy of such pleading. (2) A p a r t y to a suit shall be d e e m e d to h a v e b e e n s e r v e d w i t h a c o p y of a pleading u n d e r the provisions of sub-paragraph (b) of sub-rule (1) w h e r e such c o p y is served on the p e r s o n w h o h a s entered appearance on behalf of such party or on his advocate. 3 . E v e r y p l e a d i n g shall c o n t a i n , a n d c o n t a i n o n l y , a s t a t e m e n t i n a c o n c i s e form of the material facts on w h i c h the party p l e a d i n g relies for his c l a i m o r defence, a s the c a s e m a y b e , b u t n o t the e v i d e n c e b y w h i c h t h e y are to be p r o v e d , and shall, w h e n n e c e s s a r y , be d i v i d e d into paragraphs, numbered consecutively. Dates, sums and numbers m a y be expressed in figures. 4. In all cases in which the party pleading relies on any misrepresentation, fraud, b r e a c h of trust, willful default, or u n d u e i n f l u e n c e a n d i n all o t h e r - c a s e s i n w h i c h p a r t i c u l a r s m a y b e n e c e s s a r y t o substantiate any allegation, such particulars (with dates and items if n e c e s s a r y ) shall be stated in t h e p l e a d i n g . 5 A further and better statement of the nature of the claim or defence, or further and better particulars of any matter stated in any pleading m a y i n all c a s e s b e o r d e r e d , u p o n s u c h t e r m s , a s t o c o s t s a n d o t h e r w i s e , a s m a y b e just.
Pleading to state material facts and not evidence

Particulars to be given where necessary

Further and better statements particulars

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Condition precedent

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6. A n y condition precedent, the performance or occurrence of w h i c h is intended to be contested, shall be distinctly specified in his pleading by the plaintiff or defendant, as the case m a y b e ; subject thereto, an a v e r m e n t o f t h e p e r f o r m a n c e o r o c c u r r e n c e o f all c o n d i t i o n s p r e c e d e n t n e c e s s a r y for the c a s e of the plaintiff or d e f e n d a n t shall be i m p l i e d in his pleading. 7. No pleading shall, except by w a y of a m e n d m e n t , raise any n e w g r o u n d of c l a i m or contain any allegation of fact inconsistent w i t h the previous pleadings of the party pleading the same. 8. W h e r e a c o n t r a c t is a l l e g e d in a n y p l e a d i n g , a b a r e d e n i a l of t h e s a m e by the opposite party shall be construed o n l y as a denial in fact of the express contract alleged or of the m a t t e r s of fact from w h i c h the same m a y be implied, and not as a denial of the legality or sufficiency in law of such contract.

Departure

Denial of contract

9. W h e r e v e r the contents of any d o c u m e n t are material, it shall be document to sufficient in any p l e a d i n g to state the effect t h e r e o f as briefly as possible, w i t h o u t setting o u t the w h o l e o r a n y part thereof, u n l e s s the precise w o r d s of the d o c u m e n t or any part thereof are material.

Effect of
b e s t a t e d

Malice, knowledge, etc.

10. W h e r e v e r it is material to allege malice, fraudulent intention, k n o w l e d g e or other condition of the m i n d of any person, it shall be sufficient to allege the s a m e as a fact w i t h o u t setting out the c i r c u m s t a n c e s f r o m w h i c h t h e s a m e i s t o b e inferred. 1 1 . W h e r e v e r i t i s m a t e r i a l t o allege n o t i c e t o a n y p e r s o n o f a n y fact, m a t t e r or t h i n g , it shall be sufficient to allege s u c h notice as a fact, unless the form or the precise terms of such notice, or the circumstances from w h i c h such notice is to be inferred, are material. 12. W h e r e v e r any contract or any relation between any persons is to be implied from a series of letters or conversations or otherwise from a n u m b e r of circumstances, it shall be sufficient to allege such contract or relation as a fact, and to refer generally to s u c h letters, conversations or circumstances without setting t h e m out in detail. A n d if in such case the person so pleading desires to rely in the alternative u p o n m o r e contracts or relations than one as to be implied from such circumstances, he m a y state the s a m e in the alternative.

Notice

Implied contract or relation

Presumption of law

13. N e i t h e r party n e e d in any p l e a d i n g allege any matter of fact w h i c h the law presumes in his favour or as to w h i c h the burden of p r o o f l i e s u p o n t h e o t h e r s i d e , u n l e s s t h e s a m e h a s first b e e n s p e c i f i c a l l y d e n i e d ( e . g . c o n s i d e r a t i o n for a b i l l o f e x c h a n g e w h e r e t h e p l a i n t i f f sues o n l y on the bill, a n d n o t for the c o n s i d e r a t i o n as a substantive ground of claim).

Pleading to b e signed

14. E v e r y p l e a d i n g shall be signed by the party and his advocate (if a n y ) : p r o v i d e d t h a t w h e r e a p a r t y p l e a d i n g i s , b y r e a s o n o f a b s e n c e o r for o t h e r g o o d c a u s e , u n a b l e t o sign the p l e a d i n g , i t m a y b e s i g n e d b y any p e r s o n d u l y a u t h o r i z e d b y h i m t o s i g n t h e s a m e o r t o s u e o r d e f e n d o n h i s behalf.

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15.-(1) Save as otherwise provided by any l a w for the time being Verification in force, every pleading shall be verified at the foot by the party or by of pleadings o n e o f t h e parties p l e a d i n g o r b y s o m e o t h e r p e r s o n p r o v e d t o t h e satisfaction of the c o u r t to be acquainted w i t h the facts of the case. ( 2 ) T h e p e r s o n verifying shall specify by reference to the n u m b e r e d p a r a g r a p h s o f t h e p l e a d i n g , w h a t h e verifies o f his o w n k n o w l e d g e a n d what he verifies u p o n information received and believed to be true. ( 3 ) T h e verification shall b e signed b y the p e r s o n m a k i n g i t a n d shall state the date on w h i c h and t h e p l a c e at w h i c h it w a s s i g n e d . 16. The court may, at any stage of the proceedings, order to be Striking out struck o u t o r a m e n d e d any m a t t e r i n any p l e a d i n g w h i c h m a y b e unnecessary or scandalous or which m a y . tend to prejudice, embarrass or d e l a y t h e fair trial of t h e suit. 17. T h e c o u r t m a y a t a n y s t a g e o f t h e p r o c e e d i n g s a l l o w e i t h e r p a r t y Amendment t o alter o r a m e n d his p l e a d i n g s i n s u c h m a n n e r a n d o n such t e r m s a s m a y b e j u s t , a n d all s u c h a m e n d m e n t s s h a l l b e m a d e a s m a y b e n e c e s s a r y for t h e p u r p o s e o f d e t e r m i n i n g t h e r e a l q u e s t i o n s i n controversy between the parties.
o f p l e a d i n g

Striking out pleadings

18. I f a p a r t y w h o h a s o b t a i n e d a n o r d e r for l e a v e t o a m e n d d o e s n o t a m e n d a c c o r d i n g l y w i t h i n the t i m e limited for that p u r p o s e b y the order, or if no t i m e is thereby limited then within fourteen days from t h e d a t e o f t h e o r d e r , h e shall n o t b e p e r m i t t e d t o a m e n d after t h e expiration of such limited time as aforesaid or of such fourteen days, as the case m a y b e , unless the time is extended by the court.

F a i l u r e to a m e n d a f t e r

o r d e r

ORDER VII
PLAINT
1. The plaint shall contain the following particulars: -

tobe^

(a) t h e n a m e o f t h e c o u r t i n w h i c h t h e suit i s b r o u g h t ; ( b ) t h e n a m e , d e s c r i p t i o n a n d p l a c e o f r e s i d e n c e o f t h e plaintiff; (c) the n a m e , description and p l a c e of residence of the defendant, so far as they can be ascertained; (d) w h e r e the plaintiff or the defendant is a m i n o r or a p e r s o n of u n s o u n d m i n d , a s t a t e m e n t t o t h a t effect; (e) t h e f a c t s c o n s t i t u t i n g t h e c a u s e o f a c t i o n a n d w h e n i t a r o s e ; (f) t h e facts s h o w i n g t h a t t h e c o u r t h a s j u r i s d i c t i o n ; (g) t h e relief w h i c h t h e plaintiff c l a i m s ; ( h ) w h e r e t h e p l a i n t i f f h a s a l l o w e d a set-off o r r e l i n q u i s h e d a p o r t i o n of his claim, the amount so allowed or relinquished; and (i) a s t a t e m e n t o f t h e v a l u e o f t h e s u b j e c t - m a t t e r o f t h e s u i t f o r t h e p u r p o s e s o f j u r i s d i c t i o n a n d o f c o u r t - f e e s , s o far a s t h e c a s e admits.

contained 'plaint

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In money suits

2. W h e r e the plaintiff seeks the recovery of m o n e y , the plaint shall state the precise a m o u n t c l a i m e d : P r o v i d e d t h a t w h e r e t h e p l a i n t i f f s u e s for m e s n e p r o f i t s , o r f o r a n amount which will be found due to him on taking unsettled accounts b e t w e e n h i m and the defendant, the plaint shall state a p p r o x i m a t e l y the a m o u n t s u e d for.

Where the subjectmatter of the suit is immovable property Cap. 334 When plaintiff sues as representative Defendant's interest and liability to be shown

3. W h e r e the subject-matter of the suit is i m m o v a b l e property, the p l a i n t s h a l l c o n t a i n a d e s c r i p t i o n o f t h e p r o p e r t y s u f f i c i e n t t o i d e n t i f y it, a n d , i n c a s e s u c h p r o p e r t y c a n b e identified b y a title n u m b e r u n d e r the L a n d R e g i s t r a t i o n O r d i n a n c e , t h e p l a i n t shall specify s u c h title number. 4. W h e r e the plaintiff sues in a representative character the plaint shall s h o w n o t only that he h a s an actual existing interest in the subject-matter, b u t that he has t a k e n the steps (if a n y ) n e c e s s a r y to e n a b l e h i m to i n s t i t u t e a s u i t c o n c e r n i n g it. 5. T h e plaint shall s h o w that the defendant is or claims to be interested in the subject-matter, and that he is liable to be called u p o n t o a n s w e r t h e plaintiff's d e m a n d .

6 . W h e r e t h e s u i t i s i n s t i t u t e d after t h e e x p i r a t i o n o f t h e p e r i o d Ground of exemption p r e s c r i b e d b y t h e l a w o f l i m i t a t i o n , t h e p l a i n t s h a l l s h o w t h e g r o u n d from u p o n which exemption from such law is claimed. limitation law
Relief to be specifically stated

7. E v e r y p l a i n t shall state specifically the relief w h i c h the plaintiff claims either simply or in the alternative, and it shall n o t be necessary t o ask for g e n e r a l o r other relief w h i c h m a y a l w a y s b e g i v e n a s the court m a y think j u s t to the s a m e extent as if it h a d b e e n asked for. A n d the s a m e rule shall apply to any relief c l a i m e d by the defendant in his written statement.

Relief founded on separate grounds List of documents

8. W h e r e the plaintiff seeks relief in respect of several distinct claims or causes of action founded u p o n separate and distinct grounds, they s h a l l b e s t a t e d a s far a s m a y b e s e p a r a t e l y a n d d i s t i n c t l y . 9.-(1) T h e plaintiff shall e n d o r s e on the plaint, or a n n e x thereto, a list of the d o c u m e n t s (if any) w h i c h he has p r o d u c e d a l o n g w i t h it. (2) T h e c h i e f m i n i s t e r i a l officer of t h e c o u r t shall s i g n s u c h list if, on examination, he finds it to be correct. 10.-(1) T h e p l a i n t shall a t a n y s t a g e o f t h e suit b e r e t u r n e d t o b e p r e s e n t e d to the court in w h i c h the suit should h a v e b e e n instituted. (2) On returning a plaint the J u d g e or magistrate, shall e n d o r s e t h e r e o n t h e d a t e o f its p r e s e n t a t i o n a n d r e t u r n , t h e n a m e o f t h e p a r t y p r e s e n t i n g it, a n d a b r i e f s t a t e m e n t o f t h e r e a s o n s for r e t u r n i n g i t . 11. T h e p l a i n t s h a l l b e r e j e c t e d i n t h e f o l l o w i n g c a s e s : (a) w h e r e it d o e s n o t d i s c l o s e a c a u s e of a c t i o n ;

Return of plaint Procedure on returning plaint Rejection of plaint

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(b) w h e r e t h e r e l i e f c l a i m e d i s u n d e r v a l u e d , a n d t h e plaintiff, o n being required by the court to correct the valuation within a t i m e t o b e f i x e d b y t h e c o u r t , fails t o d o s o ; (c) w h e r e t h e suit a p p e a r s f r o m t h e s t a t e m e n t i n t h e p l a i n t t o b e barred by any law. 12. W h e r e a p l a i n t i s r e j e c t e d t h e J u d g e o r m a g i s t r a t e , shall r e c o r d a n o r d e r t o that effect w i t h the r e a s o n s for s u c h order. 13. T h e r e j e c t i o n o f t h e p l a i n t o n a n y o f t h e g r o u n d s h e r e i n b e f o r e m e n t i o n e d s h a l l n o t o f its o w n f o r c e p r e c l u d e t h e p l a i n t i f f f r o m p r e s e n t i n g a fresh plaint in r e s p e c t of the s a m e c a u s e of action. Procedure
o n r e j e c t i n g

plaint

Documents relied on in Plaint 14.-(1) W h e r e a p l a i n t i f f s u e s u p o n a d o c u m e n t i n h i s p o s s e s s i o n or p o w e r , he shall p r o d u c e it in court w h e n the plain t is presented, and shall at the s a m e t i m e deliver the d o c u m e n t or a c o p y t h e r e o f to be filed w i t h t h e plaint. (2) W h e r e h e relies o n any o t h e r d o c u m e n t s ( w h e t h e r i n h i s p o s s e s s i o n o r p o w e r o r n o t ) a s e v i d e n c e i n s u p p o r t o f h i s c l a i m , h e shall e n t e r s u c h d o c u m e n t s in a list to be a d d e d or a n n e x e d to the plaint. 15. W h e r e any s u c h d o c u m e n t i s n o t i n t h e p o s s e s s i o n o r p o w e r o f t h e plaintiff, he shall, if p o s s i b l e state in w h o s e p o s s e s s i o n or p o w e r it is.
Production of document on which plaintiff sues List of other documents Statement in case of documents not in his possession or power Suits on lost negotiable instruments

16. W h e r e t h e s u i t i s f o u n d e d u p o n a n e g o t i a b l e i n s t r u m e n t , a n d i t i s p r o v e d that the i n s t r u m e n t is lost, and an i n d e m n i t y is g i v e n by the plaintiff-, t o t h e s a t i s f a c t i o n o f t h e c o u r t , a g a i n s t t h e c l a i m s o f a n y o t h e r person upon such instrument, the court m a y pass such decree as it w o u l d have passed if the plaintiff h a d p r o d u c e d the instrument in court w h e n the plaint w a s presented, and had at the same time delivered a c o p y o f t h e i n s t r u m e n t t o b e filed w i t h t h e p l a i n t . 17.-(1) S a v e i n s o far a s i s o t h e r w i s e p r o v i d e d b y t h e E v i d e n c e (Bankers' B o o k s ) Ordinance w h e r e the d o c u m e n t on w h i c h the plaintiff sues is an entry in a shop b o o k or other account in his possession or p o w e r , the plaintiff shall p r o d u c e the b o o k or a c c o u n t at the t i m e of tiling the plaint, together with a copy of the entry on which he relies. (2) T h e court, or such officer as it appoints in this behalf, shall

Production of shop book Cap. 6

f o r t h w i t h m a r k t h e d o c u m e n t for t h e p u r p o s e o f i d e n t i f i c a t i o n ; a n d , after e x a m i n i n g a n d c o m p a r i n g t h e c o p y w i t h t h e o r i g i n a l , s h a l l , i f i t i s found correct, certify it to be so, and return the b o o k to the plaintiff and c a u s e t h e c o p y t o b e filed.

Original entry to be marked and returned

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18.-(1) A d o c u m e n t w h i c h o u g h t t o b e p r o d u c e d i n c o u r t b y t h e p l a i n t i f f w h e n t h e p l a i n t i s p r e s e n t e d , o r t o b e e n t e r e d i n t h e list t o b e added or a n n e x e d to the plaint, and w h i c h is not p r o d u c e d or entered accordingly, shall not, without the leave of the court, be received in e v i d e n c e o n h i s b e h a l f a t t h e h e a r i n g o f t h e suit. (2) N o t h i n g in this rule applies to d o c u m e n t s p r o d u c e d for crossexamination of the defendant's witnesses, or in a n s w e r to any case set up by the defendant or h a n d e d to a witness merely to refresh his m e m o r y .

O R D E R VIII WRITTEN STATEMENT, SET-OFF AND COUNTERCLAIM

Written statement 1 . -(1) W h e r e a s u m m o n s t o a p p e a r h a s b e e n i s s u e d , t h e d e f e n d a n t m a y , a n d i f s o r e q u i r e d b y t h e c o u r t , s h a l l , a t o r b e f o r e t h e first h e a r i n g or within such time as the court m a y permit, present to the court a written statement of his defence. ( 2 ) W h e r e a s u m m o n s t o file a d e f e n c e h a s b e e n i s s u e d a n d t h e d e f e n d a n t w i s h e s t o d e f e n d t h e suit, h e shall, w i t h i n t w e n t y - o n e d a y s o f t h e date o f service o f t h e s u m m o n s u p o n h i m o r s u c h l o n g e r p e r i o d a s the court m a y direct in the s u m m o n s , present to the court a written statement of his defence: Provided that the court m a y extend the period for the presentation of the written statement of defence on application by the defendant or on receipt of a notice in writing of the plaintiff's c o n s e n t to such extension. New facts must be specially pleaded 2 . T h e d e f e n d a n t m u s t raise b y h i s p l e a d i n g all m a t t e r s w h i c h s h o w t h e suit n o t t o b e m a i n t a i n a b l e , o r t h a t t h e t r a n s a c t i o n i s e i t h e r v o i d o r v o i d a b l e i n p o i n t o f l a w , a n d all s u c h g r o u n d s o f d e f e n c e a s , i f n o t r a i s e d , w o u l d b e likely t o t a k e t h e o p p o s i t e p a r t y b y s u r p r i s e , o r w o u l d raise issues of fact n o t arising o u t of the plaint, a s , for i n s t a n c e , fraud, limitation, release, p a y m e n t , p e r f o r m a n c e , or facts s h o w i n g illegality. 3. It shall n o t be sufficient for a d e f e n d a n t in h i s w r i t t e n s t a t e m e n t t o d e n y g e n e r a l l y t h e g r o u n d s a l l e g e d b y t h e plaintiff, b u t t h e d e f e n d a n t m u s t deal specifically w i t h each allegation of fact of w h i c h he d o e s not admit the truth, except d a m a g e s . 4 . W h e r e a d e f e n d a n t d e n i e s a n a l l e g a t i o n o f fact i n t h e p l a i n t , h e must not do so evasively, but answer the point of substance. Thus, if it is alleged that he r e c e i v e d a certain s u m of m o n e y , it shall n o t be sufficient to d e n y that he received that particular a m o u n t , b u t he m u s t deny that he received that s u m or any part thereof or else set out h o w m u c h h e received. A n d if an allegation is m a d e with diverse c i r c u m s t a n c e s , i t s h a l l n o t b e sufficient t o d e n y i t a l o n g w i t h t h o s e circumstances. 5. E v e r y allegation of fact in the plaint, if n o t d e n i e d specifically or by necessary implication, or stated to be not admitted in the pleading of the defendant, shall be t a k e n to be admitted e x c e p t as against a person under disability:

Denial to be specific

Evasive denial

Specific denial

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7 3

P r o v i d e d t h a t t h e c o u r t m a y i n its d i s c r e t i o n r e q u i r e a n y f a c t s o admitted to be proved otherwise than by such admission. 6 . ( 1 ) W h e r e i n a suit f o r t h e r e c o v e r y o f m o n e y t h e d e f e n d a n t c l a i m s to set-off against the plaintiff's d e m a n d any ascertained s u m of m o n e y l e g a l l y r e c o v e r a b l e b y h i m f r o m t h e plaintiff, n o t e x c e e d i n g t h e p e c u n i a r y l i m i t s o f t h e j u r i s d i c t i o n o f t h e c o u r t , a n d b o t h p a r t i e s fill t h e s a m e c h a r a c t e r a s t h e y fill i n t h e p l a i n t i f f ' s s u i t , t h e d e f e n d a n t m a y , a t t h e first h e a r i n g o f t h e s u i t , b u t n o t a f t e r w a r d s u n l e s s p e r m i t t e d b y the court, present a written statement containing the particulars of the d e b t s o u g h t t o b e set-off. (2) T h e w r i t t e n s t a t e m e n t shall h a v e t h e s a m e effect as a p l a i n t in a cross-suit so as to e n a b l e the c o u r t to p r o n o u n c e a final j u d g m e n t r e s p e c t b o t h o f t h e o r i g i n a l c l a i m a n d o f t h e set-off: b u t t h i s s h a l l n o t affect the lien, u p o n the a m o u n t d e c r e e d , o f a n y a d v o c a t e i n r e s p e c t of the costs payable to h i m under the decree. (3) T h e rules relating to a written statement by a defendant shall a p p l y to a w r i t t e n s t a t e m e n t in a n s w e r to a c l a i m of set-off. 7. W h e r e the defendant relies u p o n several distinct grounds of defence or set-off f o u n d e d u p o n separate and distinct facts, they shall be stated as far a s m a y b e , s e p a r a t e l y a n d d i s t i n c t l y . 8 . A n y g r o u n d o f d e f e n c e w h i c h h a s a r i s e n after t h e i n s t i t u t i o n o f t h e suit or the presentation of a written statement claiming a set-off m a y be r a i s e d b y t h e d e f e n d a n t o r plaintiff, a s t h e c a s e m a y b e , i n h i s w r i t t e n statement. 9.- (1) W h e r e in any suit the defendant alleges that he h a s any claim or is entitled to any relief or r e m e d y against the plaintiff in respect of a cause of action accruing to the defendant before the presentation of a written statement of his defence, the defendant m a y in his written s t a t e m e n t of defence state particulars of the c l a i m m a d e or relief or remedy sought by him. (2) W h e r e a c o u n t e r c l a i m is set-up in a written s t a t e m e n t of defence, the counterclaim shall be treated as a cross-suit and the written s t a t e m e n t s h a l l h a v e t h e s a m e e f f e c t a s a p l a i n t i n a c r o s s suit, a n d t h e p r o v i s i o n s o f O r d e r V I I s h a l l a p p l y mutatis mutandis t o s u c h w r i t t e n s t a t e m e n t as if it w e r e a p l a i n t . 10.- (1) W h e r e a defendant, by a written statement, sets up any counterclaim w h i c h raises questions b e t w e e n himself and the plaintiff along with another person (whether or not a party to the suit), he m a y join that person as a party against w h o m the counterclaim is m a d e . ( 2 ) W h e r e a d e f e n d a n t j o i n s a p e r s o n as p a r t y a g a i n s t w h o m a counter c l a i m is m a d e he shall a d d to the title of the w r i t t e n s t a t e m e n t of defence a f u r t h e r title s i m i l a r t o t h e t i t l e i n a p l a i n t s e t t i n g f o r t h t h e n a m e of such person and a copy of such written statement of defence together with a notice requiring such person, should he w i s h to defend the d e f e n d a n t ' s c o u n t e r c l a i m , t o file h i s w r i t t e n r e p l y i n a n s w e r t o t h e c l a i m within the period specified in rule 11 shall be served on h i m as if such n o t i c e w e r e s u m m o n s a n d s u c h c o u n t e r c l a i m w e r e a plaint,
Counter claim against plaintiff and third party Particulars of set-off to be given in written statement

Effect of set-off

Defence of set-off founded on separate grounds New ground of defence

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11.-(1) W h e r e a d e f e n d a n t sets u p a c o u n t e r c l a i m t h e p l a i n t i f f a n d t h e p e r s o n (if a n y ) w h o i s j o i n e d a s a p a r t y a g a i n s t w h o m t h e c o u n t e r c l a i m i s m a d e , shall e a c h , i f h e w i s h e s t o d i s p u t e t h e c o u n t e r c l a i m , p r e s e n t t o the court a written reply containing statement of his defence in answer to the counterclaim within twenty-one days from the date of the service u p o n h i m of the counterclaim or such longer period as the court m a y , o n t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f s u c h p e r s o n , direct. (2) T h e rules relating to a written statement of defence by a defendant shall apply to a reply by the plaintiff or a p e r s o n joined as a party against w h o m a counterclaim is m a d e .

Court m a y order separate trial of counter claim

1 2 . W h e r e a d e f e n d a n t has set up a c o u n t e r c l a i m the court m a y , if it i s o f t h e o p i n i o n t h a t t h e s u b j e c t m a t t e r o f t h e c o u n t e r c l a i m o u g h t for a n y r e a s o n to be d i s p o s e d of by a separate suit, o r d e r the c o u n t e r c l a i m to be struck out or order it to be tried separately or m a k e such other order as m a y be expedient. 13. N o p l e a d i n g s u b s e q u e n t t o t h e w r i t t e n s t a t e m e n t o f a d e f e n d a n t other t h a n by w a y of defence to a set-off or c o u n t e r c l a i m shall be presented except by the leave of the court and u p o n such terms as the c o u r t t h i n k s fit, b u t t h e c o u r t m a y a t a n y t i m e r e q u i r e a w r i t t e n s t a t e m e n t o r a d d i t i o n a l w r i t t e n s t a t e m e n t f r o m a n y o f t h e p a r t i e s a n d fix a t i m e f o r presenting the same: P r o v i d e d that w h e r e a defendant h a s presented a written statement of d e f e n c e i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h a s u m m o n s t o file a d e f e n c e t h e p l a i n t i f f m a y , without obtaining leave of the court, present a reply to the written s t a t e m e n t o f d e f e n c e w i t h i n s e v e n d a y s after t h e w r i t t e n s t a t e m e n t of defence, or, w h e r e there are t w o or m o r e defendants, the last of the written statements of defence, shall h a v e b e e n served u p o n h i m in accordance with the provisions of rule 2 of Order VI. 14.- ( 1 ) W h e r e a n y p a r t y h a s b e e n r e q u i r e d t o p r e s e n t a w r i t t e n statement u n d e r sub-rule (1) of rule 1 or a reply u n d e r rule 11 of this O r d e r a n d fails t o p r e s e n t t h e s a m e w i t h i n t h e t i m e f i x e d b y t h e c o u r t , the court m a y pronounce judgment against h i m or m a k e such order in r e l a t i o n t o t h e s u i t o r c o u n t e r c l a i m , a s t h e c a s e m a y b e , a s i t t h i n k s fit. (2) In any case in w h i c h a defendant w h o is required u n d e r sub-rule ( 2 ) o f r u l e 1 t o p r e s e n t h i s w r i t t e n s t a t e m e n t o f d e f e n c e fails t o d o s o within the period specified in the s u m m o n s or, w h e r e such period h a s b e e n e x t e n d e d in a c c o r d a n c e w i t h the p r o v i s o to that sub-rule, w i t h i n the period of such extension, the court m a y (a) w h e r e t h e c l a i m i s f o r a l i q u i d a t e d s u m n o t e x c e e d i n g o n e t h o u s a n d shillings, u p o n application in writing by the plaintiff and u p o n p r o o f b y affidavit o r o r a l e v i d e n c e o f s e r v i c e o f t h e s u m m o n s , enter j u d g m e n t i n favour o f the plaintiff without prove his claim;
r e q u i r i n g h i m t o

Subsequent pleadings

Failure to present written statement of defence

( b ) i n a n y o t h e r c a s e , u p o n a p p l i c a t i o n m w r i t i n g b y t h e plaintiff, fix a d a y f o r ex-parte p r o o f a n d m a y p r o n o u n c e j u d g m e n t i n f a v o u r of the plaintiff u p o n such p r o o f of his claim.

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15. A s s o o n a s t h e w r i t t e n s t a t e m e n t o f d e f e n c e , o r t h e l a s t w r i t t e n When all statement o f defence, i f there are m o r e defendants that o n e , a n d the r e p l y ( i f a n y ) t h e r e t o , o r t h e last r e p l y i f t h e r e a r e m o r e plaintiffs t h a n o n e , or other p l e a d i n g s h a v e b e e n presented, the case shall be d e e m e d to be r e a d y for h e a r i n g a n d a d a y shall be fixed by the c o u r t a c c o r d i n g l y on the application of either party; but if no application is m a d e within fourteen d a y s of the date on w h i c h the c a s e is d e e m e d to be r e a d y for h e a r i n g , t h e c o u r t o f its o w n m o t i o n s h a l l fix t h e h e a r i n g d a t e .

p l e a d i n g s

p r e s e n t e d

ORDER IX APPEARANCE OF PARTIES AND CONSEQUENCE OF NON-APPEARANCE

1. W h e n a s u m m o n s to appear has b e e n issued on the d a y fixed in the s u m m o n s f o r t h e d e f e n d a n t t o a p p e a r o r w h e r e a s u m m o n s t o file defence h a s b e e n issued a n d a d a y for the h e a r i n g is fixed in a c c o r d a n c e w i t h the provisions of rule 15 of Order VIII, on the d a y so fixed for hearing, the parties shall be in attendance at the court-house m p e r s o n or by their respective r e c o g n i z e d agents Or advocates, and the suit shall t h e n be h e a r d u n l e s s the h e a r i n g is adjourned to a future d a y fixed by the court.
Parties to appear on day fixed in summons or on day fixed for hearing

2. W h e r e on such day as aforesaid it is found that the s u m m o n s has n o t b e e n s e r v e d u p o n t h e d e f e n d a n t i n c o n s e q u e n c e o f t h e failure o f t h e plaintiff to p a y t h e court-fee or postal c h a r g e s (if any) c h a r g e a b l e for such service, the court m a y m a k e a n order that the suit b e d i s m i s s e d : P r o v i d e d t h a t n o s u c h o r d e r shall b e m a d e a l t h o u g h t h e s u m m o n s h a s n o t b e e n s e r v e d u p o n t h e d e f e n d a n t , i f o n t h e d a y f i x e d for h i m t o appear and answer he attends in person or by agent w h e n he is allowed to appear by agent.

Dismissal of suit where summons not served in consequence of plaintiff's failure to pay costs

3 . W h e r e n e i t h e r p a r t y a p p e a r s w h e n t h e s u i t i s c a l l e d o n f o r h e a r i n g Where the court m a y m a k e an order that the suit be dismissed. neither

party appears suit to be dismissed

4. W h e r e a suit is dismissed u n d e r rule 2 or rule 3, the plaintiff m a y (subject to t h e l a w of limitation) b r i n g a fresh suit, or he m a y apply for an order to set the dismissal aside, and if he satisfies the court that t h e r e w a s sufficient c a u s e for his n o t p a y i n g t h e court-fee a n d p o s t a l c h a r g e s (if a n y ) r e q u i r e d w i t h i n t h e t i m e f i x e d b e f o r e t h e i s s u e o f t h e s u m m o n s , o r for h i s n o n - a p p e a r a n c e , a s t h e c a s e m a y b e , t h e c o u r t shall m a k e an o r d e r setting aside the dismissal and shall appoint a day f o r p r o c e e d i n g w i t h t h e suit. 5 . - ( 1 ) W h e r e , after a s u m m o n s h a s b e e n i s s u e d t o t h e d e f e n d a n t , or to one of several defendants, and returned unserved, the plaintiff fails f o r a p e r i o d o f t h r e e m o n t h s f r o m t h e d a t e o f t h e r e t u r n m a d e t o the court by the officer ordinarily certifying to the court returns m a d e by t h e s e r v i n g officers, to apply for the issue of a fresh s u m m o n s t h e court shall m a k e an order that the suit be d i s m i s s e d as against such defendant, unless the plaintiff h a s w i t h i n the said p e r i o d satisfied the

Plaintiff's may bring fresh suit or court may restore suit Dismissal of suit where plaintiff after summons returned unserved fails for three months to apply for fresh summons

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( a ) h e h a s f a i l e d after u s i n g h i s b e s t e n d e a v o u r s t o d i s c o v e r t h e residence of the defendant w h o has not been served; or (b) s u c h d e f e n d a n t i s a v o i d i n g s e r v i c e o f p r o c e s s ; o r ( c ) t h e r e i s a n y o t h e r sufficient c a u s e for e x t e n d i n g t h e t i m e , i n w h i c h c a s e t h e c o u r t m a y e x t e n d t h e t i m e for m a k i n g s u c h a p p l i c a t i o n f o r s u c h p e r i o d a s i t t h i n k s fit. (2) In s u c h case t h e plaintiff m a y (subject to the l a w of limitation) b r i n g a f r e s h suit. Procedure when only plaintiff appears 6.- (1) W h e r e t h e plaintiff a p p e a r s a n d t h e d e f e n d a n t d o e s n o t a p p e a r w h e n the suit is called for h e a r i n g t h e n (a)-(i) if the suit is before the H i g h C o u r t a n d it is p r o v e d that the s u m m o n s w a s duly served, the court M a y proceed ex-parte; (ii) if t h e suit is b e f o r e any c o u r t o t h e r t h a n t h e H i g h C o u r t ( A ) w h e r e t h e s u m m o n s i s s u e d w a s a s u m m o n s t o file d e f e n c e a n d i t i s p r o v e d t h a t t h e s u m m o n s w a s duly served, t h e c o u r t m a y p r o c e e d ex-parte; (B) t h e s u m m o n s i s s u e d w a s a s u m m o n s t o a p p e a r a n d i t i s proved that the s u m m o n s w a s duly served, the court m a y e n t e r j u d g m e n t f o r t h e plaintiff. When summons not duly served When summons served, but not in due time (b) if it is not p r o v e d that the s u m m o n s w a s duly served, the court shall direct a s e c o n d s u m m o n s to be issued and served on the defendant; (c) i f i t i s p r o v e d t h a t t h e s u m m o n s w a s s e r v e d o n t h e d e f e n d a n t , b u t n o t i n sufficient t i m e t o e n a b l e h i m t o a p p e a r a n d a n s w e r o n t h e day fixed in the s u m m o n s , the court shall p o s t p o n e the h e a r i n g of the suit to a future day to be fixed by the court, and shall direct notice of such day to be given to the defendant. (2) W h e r e i t i s o w i n g t o t h e plaintiff's d e f a u l t t h a t t h e s u m m o n s w a s n o t d u l y s e r v e d o r w a s n o t s e r v e d i n sufficient t i m e , t h e c o u r t s h a l l order the plaintiff to p a y the costs occasioned by the postponement. Procedure where defendant appears on day of adjourned hearing and assigns good cause for previous nonappearance
Pr o c e dure w h e r e

7. W h e r e t h e c o u r t h a s a d j o u r n e d t h e h e a r i n g o f t h e suit ex-parte, and the defendant, at or before such hearing, appears and assigns good c a u s e for his p r e v i o u s n o n - a p p e a r a n c e , h e m a y , u p o n s u c h t e r m s a s the court m a y direct as to costs or o t h e r w i s e , be h e a r d in a n s w e r to the suit a s i f h e h a d a p p e a r e d o n t h e d a y f i x e d for h i s a p p e a r a n c e .

8. W h e r e the defendant appears and the plaintiff does not appear defendant w h e n t h e suit i s c a l l e d o n for h e a r i n g , t h e c o u r t shall m a k e a n o r d e r only appears t h a t t h e s u i t b e d i s m i s s e d u n l e s s t h e d e f e n d a n t a d m i t s t h e c l a i m , o r p a r t thereof, in w h i c h c a s e the c o u r t shall p a s s a d e c r e e against the d e f e n d a n t u p o n such admission, and where part only of the claim has been a d m i t t e d , s h a l l d i s m i s s t h e s u i t s o far a s i t r e l a t e s t o t h e r e m a i n d e r .

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Decree against plaintiff by default bars fresh suit

9.-(1) W h e r e a suit i s w h o l l y o r p a r t l y d i s m i s s e d u n d e r r u l e 8 , t h e plaintiff shall be p r e c l u d e d f r o m b r i n g i n g a fresh suit in respect of t h e s a m e c a u s e o f a c t i o n . B u t h e m a y a p p l y for a n o r d e r t o s e t t h e d i s m i s s a l a s i d e , a n d i f h e satisfies t h e c o u r t t h a t t h e r e w a s sufficient c a u s e f o r h i s n o n - a p p e a r a n c e w h e n t h e suit w a s c a l l e d o n f o r h e a r i n g , t h e court shall m a k e an order setting aside the dismissal u p o n such t e r m s as t o c o s t s o r o t h e r w i s e a s i t t h i n k s fit, a n d s h a l l a p p o i n t a d a y f o r p r o c e e d i n g w i t h t h e suit. (2) No order shall be m a d e u n d e r this rule unless notice application has been served on the opposite party. of the

10. W h e r e t h e r e a r e m o r e p l a i n t i f f s t h a n o n e , a n d o n e o r m o r e o f them appear, and the others do not appear, the court m a y , at the instance of the plaintiff or plaintiffs appearing, p e r m i t the suit to p r o c e e d i n t h e s a m e w a y a s i f all t h e p l a i n t i f f s h a d a p p e a r e d , o r m a k e s u c h o r d e r as it t h i n k s fit. 1 1 . W h e r e there are m o r e defendants than one, and o n e o r m o r e o f t h e m appear, and the others do not appear, the suit shall p r o c e e d and the of court shall, at the time of p r o n o u n c i n g j u d g m e n t , m a k e such order as it t h i n k s fit w i t h r e s p e c t t o t h e d e f e n d a n t s w h o d o n o t a p p e a r .

Procedure in case of nonattendance of one or more of several plaintiffs Procedure in case of nonattendance of one or more of several defendants Consequence of nonattendance without sufficient cause shown of party ordered to appear in person Setting aside decree judgment
ex-parte

1 2 . W h e r e a plaintiff or defendant, w h o has b e e n ordered to appear in person, d o e s n o t appear in person, or s h o w sufficient cause to the s a t i s f a c t i o n o f t h e c o u r t for f a i l i n g s o t o a p p e a r , h e s h a l l b e s u b j e c t t o all the provisions of the foregoing rules applicable to plaintiffs and defendants, respectively, w h o do not appear.

Setting aside Decrees Ex-parte

13.-(1) In a n y c a s e in w h i c h a d e c r e e is p a s s e d ex-parte a g a i n s t a defendant, h e m a y apply t o the c o u r t b y w h i c h the d e c r e e w a s p a s s e d for an order to set it a s i d e ; and if he satisfies the court that the s u m m o n s w a s n o t duly served, or that he w a s p r e v e n t e d by any sufficient cause from a p p e a r i n g w h e n t h e s u i t w a s c a l l e d o n for h e a r i n g , t h e c o u r t s h a l l m a k e an order setting aside the decree as against h i m u p o n such terms as to C o s t s . p a y m e n t i n t o c o u r t o r o t h e r w i s e a s i t t h i n k s fit, a n d s h a l l a p p o i n t a day for proceeding with the suit: Provided that w h e r e the decree is of such a nature that it cannot be s e t a s i d e a s a g a i n s t s u c h d e f e n d a n t o n l y i t m a y b e s e t a s i d e a s a g a i n s t all or any of the other defendants also. (2) W h e r e j u d g m e n t h a s b e e n entered by a c o u r t p u r s u a n t to p a r a g r a p h (a) (ii) (B); of sub-rule (1) of rule 6 of this O r d e r or sub-rule ( 2 ) o f r u l e 1 4 o f O r d e r V I I I i t s h a l l b e l a w f u l for t h e c o u r t , u p o n application b e i n g m a d e by an aggrieved party within six w e e k s from the d a t e o f t h e j u d g m e n t , t o set a s i d e o r v a r y s u c h j u d g m e n t u p o n s u c h terms as m a y be considered by the court to be just:

against defendant

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Provided that where a decree has been issued prior to such application b e i n g m a d e , t h e p r o v i s i o n s o f t h e I n d i a n L i m i t a t i o n A c t , 1908 a s a p p l i e d t o T a n g a n y i k a shall a p p l y .
N o decree or judgment to be set aside without notice to opposite party

14. N o d e c r e e o r j u d g m e n t s h a l l b e s e t a s i d e o n a n y s u c h a p p l i c a t i o n as aforesaid unless notice thereof has been served on the opposite party or the person w h o has entered appearance on behalf of such party.

ORDER X

EXAMINATION OF PARTIES BY THE COURT

Ascertain ment whether allegations in pleadings are admitted or denied Oral examination of party or companion of party

1 . A t t h e first h e a r i n g o f t h e suit t h e c o u r t s h a l l a s c e r t a i n f r o m e a c h party or his advocate whether he admits or denies such allegations of f a c t s a s a r e m a d e i n t h e p l a i n t o r w r i t t e n s t a t e m e n t (if a n y ) o f t h e opposite party, and as are n o t expressly or by n e c e s s a r y implication admitted or denied by the party against w h o m they are m a d e . The court shall record such admissions and denials. 2 . A t t h e first h e a r i n g o f t h e suit, o r a t a n y s u b s e q u e n t h e a r i n g , a n y party appearing in person or present in court, or any person able to a n s w e r any material q u e s t i o n s relating t o the suit b y w h o m such party or his advocate is accompanied, m a y be e x a m i n e d orally by the court; a n d t h e c o u r t m a y , i f i t t h i n k s fit, p u t i n t h e c o u r s e o f s u c h e x a m i n a t i o n questions suggested by either party. 3. T h e substance of the e x a m i n a t i o n shall be r e d u c e d to w r i t i n g by the J u d g e , or magistrate, a n d shall form part of the record.

Substance of examination to be written

4.-(1) W h e r e t h e a d v o c a t e o f a n y p a r t y w h o a p p e a r s b y a n a d v o c a t e Consequence of refusal or any such person a c c o m p a n y i n g an advocate as is referred to in rule 2, or refuses or is u n a b l e to a n s w e r any material q u e s t i o n relating to the suit inability of advocate w h i c h the court i s o f o p i n i o n that the party w h o m h e r e p r e s e n t s ought to answer to answer, and is likely to be able to a n s w e r if interrogated in person, t h e c o u r t m a y p o s t p o n e t h e h e a r i n g o f t h e suit t o a f u t u r e d a y a n d direct that such party shall appear in person on such day. ( 2 ) I f s u c h p a r t y fails w i t h o u t l a w f u l e x c u s e t o a p p e a r i n p e r s o n o n t h e day so appointed, the court m a y pronounce judgment against him, or m a k e s u c h o r d e r i n r e l a t i o n t o t h e s u i t a s i t t h i n k s fit. ORDER XI

DISCOVERY AND INSPECTION

Discovery
b y i n t e r r o g a t o r i e s

1 . I n any suit t h e plaintiff o r d e f e n d a n t b y l e a v e o f t h e c o u r t m a y d e l i v e r i n t e r r o g a t o r i e s i n w r i t i n g for t h e e x a m i n a t i o n o f t h e o p p o s i t e parties or any one or m o r e of such parties, and such interrogatories w h e n delivered shall h a v e a note at the foot thereof stating w h i c h of such interrogatories each of such persons is required to answer: P r o v i d e d that no party shall deliver m o r e t h a n o n e set of interroga tories to the s a m e party without an order for that p u r p o s e :

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Provided also that interrogatories w h i c h do not relate to any matters in q u e s t i o n in the suit shall be d e e m e d irrelevant, n o t w i t h s t a n d i n g that they m i g h t be admissible on the oral cross-examination of a witness. 2 . O n a n a p p l i c a t i o n for l e a v e t o d e l i v e r i n t e r r o g a t i o n , t h e p a r t i c u l a r interrogatories p r o p o s e d to be delivered shall be submitted to the court. In deciding u p o n such application, the court shall take into a c c o u n t a n y offer, w h i c h m a y b e m a d e b y t h e p a r t y s o u g h t t o b e interrogated to deliver particulars, or to m a k e admissions, or to produce documents relating to the matters in question, or any of them, and leave shall be given as to such only of the interrogatories submitted as the c o u r t shall c o n s i d e r n e c e s s a r y either for d i s p o s i n g fairly of t h e suit or for s a v i n g c o s t s . 3. In adjusting the costs of the suit inquiry shall at the instance of any party be m a d e into the propriety of exhibiting such interrogatories, and if it is the o p i n i o n of the t a x i n g officer or of the court, either w i t h or w i t h o u t an application for i n q u i r y , that s u c h interrogatories h a v e been exhibited unreasonably, vexatiously, or at improper length, the cost o c c a s i o n e d by the said interrogatories and the a n s w e r thereto shall b e p a i d i n a n y e v e n t b y t h e p a r t y i n fault. 4. W h e r e a n y p a r t y to a suit is a c o r p o r a t i o n or a b o d y of p e r s o n s , whether incorporated or not, e m p o w e r e d by law to sue or be sued, w h e t h e r i n its o w n n a m e o r i n t h e n a m e o f a n y o f f i c e r o r o t h e r p e r s o n , any opposite party m a y apply for an order allowing him to deliver interrogatories to any m e m b e r or officer of such c o r p o r a t i o n or b o d y , and an order m a y be m a d e accordingly. 5. A n y objection to answering any interrogatory on the ground that it is s c a n d a l o u s or irrelevant or n o t e x h i b i t e d b o n a fide for the p u r p o s e o f the suit, o r t h a t the m a t t e r s i n q u i r e d into are n o t sufficiently m a t e r i a l at that stage, or on any other g r o u n d , m a y be t a k e n in the affidavit in answer. 6. A n y interrogatories m a y be set aside on the g r o u n d that they h a v e been exhibited unreasonably or vexatiously, or struck out on the ground t h a t t h e y are prolix, o p p r e s s i v e , u n n e c e s s a r y or s c a n d a l o u s ; a n d any a p p l i c a t i o n f o r t h i s p u r p o s e m a y b e m a d e w i t h i n s e v e n d a y s after service of the interrogatories. 7. Interrogatories shall be a n s w e r e d by affidavit to be filed w i t h i n ten days, or within such other time as the court m a y allow.
Particular inter rogatories to be submitted

Cost of inter rogatories

Corporation

Objections to inter rogatories by answer

Setting aside and striking out inter rogatories Affidavit in answer, filing

8 . N o e x c e p t i o n s s h a l l b e t a k e n t o a n y affidavit i n a n s w e r , b u t t h e No exception s u f f i c i e n c y o r o t h e r w i s e o f a n y s u c h a f f i d a v i t o b j e c t e d t o a s i n s u f f i c i e n t to be taken shall b e d e t e r m i n e d b y t h e c o u r t . 9. W h e r e any person interrogated omits to answer, or answers i n s u f f i c i e n t l y , t h e p a r t y i n t e r r o g a t i n g m a y a p p l y t o t h e c o u r t for a n o r d e r requiring h i m to answer, or to a n s w e r further, as the case m a y be. A n d a n order m a y b e m a d e requiring h i m t o a n s w e r o r a n s w e r further, either b y a f f i d a v i t o r b y viva voce e x a m i n a t i o n , a s t h e c o u r t m a y d i r e c t - .
Order to answer or answer further

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10. A n y p a r t y m a y , w i t h o u t f i l i n g a n y a f f i d a v i t , a p p l y t o t h e c o u r t f o r an order directing any other party to any suit to m a k e d i s c o v e r y on oath of the d o c u m e n t s w h i c h are or h a v e b e e n in his p o s s e s s i o n or p o w e r , relating to any matter in question therein. On the hearing of such application the court m a y either refuse or adjourn the s a m e , if satisfied that such discovery is not necessary, or not necessary at that stage of t h e suit, o r m a k e s u c h o r d e r , e i t h e r g e n e r a l l y o r l i m i t e d t o c e r t a i n c l a s s e s o f d o c u m e n t s , a s m a y , i n its d i s c r e t i o n , b e t h o u g h t fit: P r o v i d e d t h a t d i s c o v e r y s h a l l n o t b e o r d e r e d w h e n a n d s o far a s the c o u r t shall be of o p i n i o n t h a t it is n o t n e c e s s a r y either for d i s p o s i n g fairly o f t h e suit o r for s a v i n g c o s t s .

Affidavit of documents

11. T h e a f f i d a v i t t o b e m a d e b y a p a r t y a g a i n s t w h o m s u c h o r d e r a s i s m e n t i o n e d in the last p r e c e d i n g rule h a s b e e n m a d e , shall specify w h i c h (if a n y ) o f t h e d o c u m e n t s t h e r e i n m e n t i o n e d h e o b j e c t s t o p r o d u c e . 12. I t s h a l l b e l a w f u l for t h e c o u r t , a t a n y t i m e d u r i n g t h e p e n d e n c y o f any suit, to order the p r o d u c t i o n by any p a r t y thereto u p o n oath, of s u c h of the documents in his possession or power, relating to any matter in q u e s t i o n i n s u c h suit, a s t h e c o u r t s h a l l t h i n k r i g h t ; a n d t h e c o u r t m a y deal w i t h such d o c u m e n t s , w h e n p r o d u c e d , in such m a n n e r as shall appear just. 13. E v e r y p a r t y t o a s u i t s h a l l b e e n t i t l e d a t a n y t i m e t o g i v e n o t i c e to any other party in w h o s e p l e a d i n g s or affidavits reference is m a d e to any d o c u m e n t , t o p r o d u c e s u c h d o c u m e n t for the i n s p e c t i o n o f the p a r t y giving such notice, or of his advocate, and to permit him or them to take copies thereof; a n d any party n o t c o m p l y i n g w i t h such notice shall n o t afterwards be at liberty to put any such d o c u m e n t in evidence on his b e h a l f in s u c h suit u n l e s s he shall satisfy the c o u r t t h a t s u c h d o c u m e n t relates o n l y to h i s o w n title, he b e i n g a defendant to the suit, or that he h a d s o m e o t h e r c a u s e o r e x c u s e w h i c h t h e c o u r t s h a l l d e e m s u f f i c i e n t for not complying with such notice, in which case the court m a y allow the same to be put in evidence on such terms as to costs and otherwise as the c o u r t s h a l l t h i n k fit. 14. T h e p a r t y t o w h o m s u c h n o t i c e i s g i v e n s h a l l , w i t h i n t e n d a y s f r o m the receipt of such notice, deliver to the party giving the same a notice stating a time within three days from the delivery thereof at w h i c h the documents, or such of them as he does not object to produce, m a y be i n s p e c t e d at t h e office of his a d v o c a t e , or in the case of b a n k e r s ' b o o k s o r o t h e r b o o k s o f a c c o u n t o r b o o k s i n c o n s t a n t u s e for t h e p u r p o s e s o f any trade or business, at their usual place of custody, and stating w h i c h (if a n y ) o f t h e d o c u m e n t s h e o b j e c t s t o p r o d u c e , a n d o n w h a t g r o u n d . 15.- (1) W h e r e t h e p a r t y s e r v e d w i t h n o t i c e u n d e r r u l e 1 5 o m i t s t o give s u c h notice of a t i m e for i n s p e c t i o n or objects to g i v e inspection, or offers i n s p e c t i o n e l s e w h e r e t h a n at t h e office of h i s a d v o c a t e , the c o u r t m a y , o n t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f t h e p a r t y d e s i r i n g it, m a k e a n o r d e r for i n s p e c t i o n i n s u c h p l a c e a n d i n s u c h m a n n e r a s i t m a y t h i n k fit:

Production Of documents

Inspection Of documents referred to In pleadings or affidavits

Time for inspection when notice given

Order for inspection

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P r o v i d e d t h a t t h e o r d e r s h a l l n o t b e m a d e w h e n a n d s o far a s t h e c o u r t s h a l l b e o f o p i n i o n t h a t i t i s n o t n e c e s s a r y e i t h e r for d i s p o s i n g f a i r l y o f the suitor for saving costs. (2) A n y application to inspect d o c u m e n t s , e x c e p t such as are referred to in the pleadings, particulars or affidavits of the party against w h o m t h e a p p l i c a t i o n i s m a d e o r d i s c l o s e d i n h i s affidavits o f d o c u m e n t s , shall be f o u n d e d u p o n an affidavit s h o w i n g of w h a t d o c u m e n t s inspection is sought, that the party applying is entitled to inspect them, and that they are in the possession or p o w e r of the other party. The c o u r t shall n o t m a k e s u c h o r d e r for i n s p e c t i o n o f s u c h d o c u m e n t s w h e n a n d s o far a s t h e c o u r t s h a l l b e o f o p i n i o n t h a t i t i s n o t n e c e s s a r y e i t h e r for d i s p o s i n g fairly of t h e suit or for s a v i n g costs. 1 6 . - ( 1 ) W h e r e i n s p e c t i o n o f a n y b u s i n e s s b o o k s i s a p p l i e d for, t h e Verified c o u r t m a y , i f i t t h i n k s fit, i n s t e a d o f o r d e r i n g i n s p e c t i o n o f t h e o r i g i n a l books, order a copy of any entries therein to be furnished and verified b y the affidavit o f s o m e p e r s o n w h o h a s e x a m i n e d the c o p y w i t h the original entries, and such affidavit shall state w h e t h e r or n o t there are in the original b o o k any and what erasures, interlineations or alterations:
c o p i e s

Provided that, notwithstanding that such copy has b e e n supplied, the court m a y order inspection of the book from which the copy w a s made. (2) W h e r e on an application for an order for inspection privilege is claimed for any d o c u m e n t , it shall be lawful for the court to inspect the d o c u m e n t for t h e p u r p o s e o f d e c i d i n g a s t o t h e v a l i d i t y o f t h e c l a i m o f privilege. (3) T h e c o u r t m a y , on t h e a p p l i c a t i o n of any party to a suit at any time, and w h e t h e r an affidavit of d o c u m e n t s shall or shall not h a v e already been ordered or m a d e , m a k e an order requiring any other party to state by affidavit w h e t h e r any o n e or m o r e specific d o c u m e n t s , to be specified in the application, is or are, or has or h a v e at any time been, in his possession or power; and, if not then in his possession, w h e n h e p a r t e d w i t h t h e s a m e a n d w h a t h a s b e c o m e thereof. S u c h application shall be m a d e on an affidavit stating that in the belief of the deponent the party against w h o m the application is m a d e has, or ha s at some time had, in his possession or p o w e r the document or d o c u m e n t s specified in the application and that they relate to the m a t t e r s i n q u e s t i o n i n t h e suit, o r t o s o m e o f t h e m . 1 7 . W h e r e t h e party f r o m w h o m discovery o f any k i n d o r i n s p e c t i o n is s o u g h t objects to the s a m e , or any p a r t thereof, the c o u r t m a y , satisfied t h a t the right to the discovery or inspection s o u g h t d e p e n d s on the d e t e r m i n a t i o n of any issue or q u e s t i o n in d i s p u t e in the suit, or t h a t for a n y o t h e r r e a s o n i t i s d e s i r a b l e t h a t ' a n y i s s u e o r q u e s t i o n i n , d i s p u t e in the suit s h o u l d be d e t e r m i n e d before d e c i d i n g u p o n the right to the discovery or inspection, order that such issue or question be determined first, a n d r e s e r v e t h e q u e s t i o n a s t o , t h e d i s c o v e r y o r i n s p e c t i o n .

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1 8 . W h e r e a n y p a r t y fails t o c o m p l y w i t h a n y o r d e r t o a n s w e r i n t e r r o g a t o r i e s , o r for d i s c o v e r y o r i n s p e c t i o n o f d o c u m e n t s , h e s h a l l , i f a plaintiff, b e l i a b l e t o h a v e h i s s u i t d i s m i s s e d for w a n t o f p r o s e c u t i o n , and if a defendant, to, h a v e his defence, if any, struck out, and to be placed in the same position as if he h a d not defended, and the party interrogating or seeking discovery or inspection m a y apply to the court for a n o r d e r t o t h a t effect, a n d a n o r d e r m a y b e m a d e a c c o r d i n g l y .

Using answers to inter rogatories at trial

19. A n y party m a y , at t h e trial of a suit, u s e in e v i d e n c e any o n e or more of the answers or any part of an answer of the opposite party to interrogatories without putting in the others or the whole of such answer: Provided that in such case the court m a y look at the whole of the a n s w e r s , and if it shall be of o p i n i o n that any others of t h e m are so c o n n e c t e d w i t h those p u t in that the last-mentioned a n s w e r s o u g h t n o t t o b e u s e d w i t h o u t t h e m , i t m a y d i r e c t t h e m t o b e p u t in.

Order to apply to minors

20. T h i s O r d e r s h a l l a p p l y t o m i n o r p l a i n t i f f s a n d d e f e n d a n t s , a n d to the n e x t friends and g u a r d i a n s for the suit of p e r s o n s u n d e r disability. O R D E R XII

ADMISSIONS
Nmiseion
a d m i s s i o n

of can

1. A n y party to a suit m a y give notice, by his pleading or otherwise in writing, that he admits the truth of the whole or any part of the case of any other party. 2. Either party m a y call u p o n the other party to admit any d o c u m e n t , s a v i n g all j u s t e x c e p t i o n s ; a n d i n c a s e o f r e f u s a l o r n e g l e c t t o a d m i t , after s u c h n o t i c e , t h e c o s t s o f p r o v i n g a n y s u c h d o c u m e n t s h a l l b e paid by the party so neglecting or refusing, whatever the result of the suit m a y b e , u n l e s s the court o t h e r w i s e directs a n d n o costs o f p r o v i n g any d o c u m e n t shall be allowed unless such notice is given, except w h e r e the o m i s s i o n to give the notice is, in the o p i n i o n of the court, a saving of expense. 3. A n y party m a y , by notice in writing, at any time n o t later than n i n e d a y s b e f o r e t h e d a y f i x e d for t h e h e a r i n g , c a l l o n a n y o t h e r p a r t y t o a d m i t , for t h e p u r p o s e s o f t h e suit o n l y , a n y specific fact o r facts m e n t i o n e d in such notice. A n d in case of refusal or neglect to admit t h e s a m e w i t h i n s i x d a y s after s e r v i c e o f s u c h n o t i c e , o r w i t h i n s u c h further t i m e as m a y be allowed by the court, the costs of p r o v i n g such fact or facts shall be p a i d by the p a r t y so n e g l e c t i n g or refusing, w h a t e v e r the result of the suit m a y b e , unless the court o t h e r w i s e directs: Provided be deemed and not as occasion or notice: that any admission m a d e to be m a d e only for the an admission to be used in favour of any person in pursuance of such notice is to p u r p o s e s o f t h e p a r t i c u l a r suit, against the party on any other other than the party giving the

dmit documents
a d m i t

N o ti c e t o
d m i t

Notice t o
a d m i t f a c t s

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Provided, also that the court at any time allow any party to amend or withdraw any admission so m a d e on such terms as m a y be just 4 . A n y p a r t y m a y a t a n y s t a g e o f a suit, w h e r e a d m i s s i o n o f f a c t have been m a d e either on the pleading, or otherwise, apply to the c o u r t for s u c h j u d g m e n t o r o r d e r a s u p o n s u c h a d m i s s i o n h e m a y b e entitle to, w i t h o u t w a i t i n g for d e t e r m i n a t i o n o f a n y o t h e r q u e s t i o n between the parties; and the court m a y u p o n such application m a k e such order, or give such judgment, as the court m a y think
Judgment on admission

5 . A n affidavit, o f t h e a d v o c a t e , o r h i s c l e r k , o f t h e d u e , s i g n a t u r e o f Affidavit any admissions m a d e in pursuance of any notice to admit documents or facts, shall be sufficient evidence of such admissions, evidence t h e r e o f is r e q u i r e d . 6 . A n affidavit o f t h e a d v o c a t e , o r h i s c l e r k , o f t h e s e r v i c e o f a n y Evidence n o t i c e t o p r o d u c e , a n d o f t h e t i m e w h e n i t w a s s e r v e d , w i t h a c o p y on notice to procedure of the notice to produce, shall in all cases be sufficient evidence of the document the document service of the notice, and of the time w h e n it was served.
o fs i g n a t u r e

7. If a notice to a d m i t or p r o d u c e specified, d o c u m e n t s w h i c h are not necessary, the costs occasioned thereby shall be b o r n e by the party giving such notice.

Costs

ORDER XIII
PRODUCTION, IMPOUNDING AND RETURN OF DOCUMENTS
T h e p a r t i e s o r t h e i r a d v o c a t e s s h a l l p r o d u c e , a t first hear i n g o f t h e s u i t , all t h e d o c u m e n t a r y e v i d e n c e e v e r y description in t h e i r p o s s e s s i o n o r p o w e r , o n w h i c h t h e y i n t e n d t o rely a n d w h i c h h a s n o t a l r e a d y b e e n filed i n c o u r t , a n d all d o c u m e n t s w h i c h t h e c o u r t h a s not already be procedure (2) T h e c o u r t shall receive the, d o c u m e n t so, p r o d u c e d : p r o v i d e d that t h e y , are a c c o m p a n i e d by an a c c u r a t e list t h e r e o f p r e p a r e d in such form as the H i g h Court directs. 2. No documentary evidence in the possession or p o w e r of any party which should have been but has not been produced in accordance with the requirements of rule 1 shall be received at any subsequent stage of the proceedings unless g o o d cause is s h o w n to the satisfaction of the c o u r t for the n o n - p r o d u c t i o n thereof; and the court receiving any s u c h e v i d e n c e shall r e c o r d t h e r e a s o n s for s o d o i n g . 3 . T i l e c o u r t , m a y a t a n y s t a g e o f t h e suit r e j e c t a n y d o c u m e n t w h i c h it considers irrelevant otherwise inadmissible, recording the grounds o f s u c h rejection.
Documentary evidence to be produced at first hearing

Effect of nonproduction of documents

Rejection of irrelevant or inadmissible documents Endorse ments on documents admitted in evidence

4.-(1) S u b j e c t t o t h e p r o v i s i o n s o f t h e n e x t f o l l o w i n g s u b - r u l e , t h e r e shall, be e n d o r s e d on every d o c u m e n t s w h i c h has b e e n admitted in e v i d e n c e i n t h e suit t h e f o l l o w i n g p a r t i c u l a r s , n a m e l y : (a) t h e n u m b e r a n d title of t h e suit; (b) the n u m b e r of the person p r o d u c i n g the d o c u m e n t s ; (c) t h e d a t e o n w h i c h i t w a s p r o d u c e d ; a n d

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(d) a s t a t e m e n t of its h a v i n g b e e n so a d m i t t e d ; and the e n d o r s e m e n t shall be signed or initialed by magistrate.

the

Judge or account original endorsed initialed

(2) W h e r e a d o c u m e n t so admitted is an entry in a b o o k , or record, a n d a c o p y t h e r e o f h a s b e e n substituted for the u n d e r the next following rule, the particulars aforesaid shall, be on the copy and the e n d o r s e m e n t thereon shall be signed or by the Judge or magistrate.
Endorse ments on copies of admitted entries in books, accounts and records

5 . - ( 1 ) S a v e i n s o far a s i s o t h e r w i s e p r o v i d e d b y t h e E v i d e n c e (Banker's Books) Ordinance, where a document admitted in evidence in the suit is an entry in a letter-book or a s h o p - b o o k or other a c c o u n t in current use, the party on w h o s e behalf the b o o k or account is p r o d u c e d m a y furnish a copy of the entry. (2) W h e r e such a d o c u m e n t is an entry in a public record p r o d u c e d f r o m a p u b l i c office or by a p u b l i c officer, or, an e n t r y in a b o o k or account belonging to a person other than, a party on w h o s e behalf the b o o k or account is produced, the court m a y require a copy of the entry to be furnished(a) where the record, book or account party, then by that party, or is produced on behalf of a

(b) w h e r e the record, b o o k or account is p r o d u c e d in o b e d i e n c e to a n o r d e r o f t h e c o u r t a c t i n g o f its o w n m o t i o n , t h e n b y e i t h e r or any party(3) W h e r e a c o p y of an entry is furnished u n d e r the foregoing p r o v i s i o n s o f t h i s r u l e , t h e c o u r t s h a l l , after c a u s i n g t h e c o p y t o b e e x a m i n e d , c o m p a r e d a n d certified in m a n n e r m e n t i o n e d in rule 17 of Order VII, m a r k the entry and cause the book, account or record in w h i c h it o c c u r s t o b e r e t u r n e d t o t h e p e r s o n s p r o d u c i n g it. Endorsem e n t s on

6. W h e r e a d o c u m e n t relied on as evidence by either party is cons i d e r e d b y t h e c o u r t t o b e i n a d m i s s i b l e i n e v i d e n c e , t h e r e shall b e e n d o r s e d

documents

rejected as t h e r e o n t h e p a r t i c u l a r s m e n t i o n e d in c l a u s e s (a), (b) a n d , (c) of r u l e 4, inadmissible s u b - r u l e ( 1 ) , t o g e t h e r w i t h a s t a t e m e n t o f its n a v m g b e e n r e j e c t e d , a n d in evidence the e n d o r s e m e n t shall be s i g n e d or initialed by the J u d g e or magis trate.
Recording of admitted and return of rejected documents

7.-(1) E v e r y d o c u m e n t w h i c h has b e e n a d m i t t e d in e v i d e n c e , or a c o p y t h e r e o f w h e r e a c o p y h a s b e e n s u b s t i t u t e d for t h e o r i g i n a l u n d e r r u l e 5 , s h a l l f o r m p a r t o f t h e r e c o r d o f t h e suit. (2) D o c u m e n t s not admitted in e v i d e n c e shall n o t form part of the r e c o r d and shall be returned to the p e r s o n s respectively p r o d u c i n g t h e m .

Court m a y 8. N o t w i t h s t a n d i n g a n y t h i n g c o n t a i n e d in rule 5 or rule 7 of this O r d e r order any document to o r i n r u l e 1 7 o f O r d e r V I I , t h e c o u r t m a y , i f i t s e e s sufficient c a u s e , be im direct any d o c u m e n t or b o o k p r o d u c e d before it in any suit to be pounded

i m p o u n d e d a n d k e p t i n t h e c u s t o d y o f a n o f f i c e r o f t h e c o u r t , for s u c h p e r i o d a n d s u b j e c t t o s u c h c o n d i t i o n s a s t h e c o u r t t h i n k s fit.

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Return of admitted documents

9 . - ( 1 ) A n y p e r s o n , w h e t h e r a p a r t y t o t h e suit o r n o t , d e s i r o u s o f r e c e i v i n g b a c k any d o c u m e n t p r o d u c e d b y h i m i n the suit a n d p l a c e d o n the record shall, unless the d o c u m e n t is i m p o u n d e d u n d e r rule 8, be entitled to receive back the s a m e (a) w h e r e the suit is o n e in w h i c h an appeal is not allowed, w h e n the s u i t h a s b e e n d i s p o s e d of, a n d (b) w h e r e t h e suit i s o n e i n w h i c h a n a p p e a l i s a l l o w e d , w h e n t h e c o u r t is satisfied that the t i m e for preferring an appeal h a s e l a p s e d a n d t h a t n o appeal h a s b e e n preferred or, i f a n appeal h a s b e e n p r e f e r r e d , w h e n t h e a p p e a l h a s b e e n d i s p o s e d of: Provided that a d o c u m e n t m a y be returned at any time earlier than that prescribed by this rule if the person applying therefor delivers to t h e p r o p e r o f f i c e r a c e r t i f i e d c o p y t o b e s u b s t i t u t e d for t h e o r i g i n a l a n d undertakes to produce the original if required to do so: P r o v i d e d also that no d o c u m e n t shall be returned w h i c h , by force of the decree, has b e c o m e wholly void or useless. (2) On t h e r e t u r n of a d o c u m e n t a d m i t t e d in e v i d e n c e , a r e c e i p t shall b e g i v e n b y t h e p e r s o n r e c e i v i n g it. 1 0 . - ( 1 ) T h e c o u r t m a y o f its o w n m o t i o n , a n d m a y i n its d i s c r e t i o n u p o n t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f a n y o f t h e p a r t i e s t o a s u i t , s e n d for, e i t h e r f r o m its o w n r e c o r d s o r f r o m a n y o t h e r c o u r t , t h e r e c o r d o f a n y o t h e r s u i t o r proceeding, and inspect the same. (2) E v e r y application m a d e u n d e r this rule shall (unless the court otherwise directs) be supported by an affidavit s h o w i n g h o w the record is material to the suit in w h i c h the application is m a d e , and that the applicant cannot without unreasonable delay or expense obtain a duly authenticated copy of the record or of such portion thereof as the applicant requires, or that the production of the original is necessary for the p u r p o s e s of justice. (3) N o t h i n g contained in this rule shall be d e e m e d to enable the court to use in evidence any d o c u m e n t w h i c h under the law of evidence w o u l d b e i n a d m i s s i b l e i n t h e suit. 1 1 . T h e p r o v i s i o n s h e r e i n c o n t a i n e d a s t o d o c u m e n t s s h a l l , a s far a s m a y b e , a p p l y t o all o t h e r m a t e r i a l o b j e c t s p r o d u c i b l e a s e v i d e n c e . ORDER XIV

Court may send for papers from its own records or from other courts

SETTLEMENT OF ISSUES AND DETERMINATION OF SUIT ON ISSUES OF LAW OR ON ISSUES AGREED UPON
1.-(1) I s s u e s a r i s e w h e n a m a t e r i a l p r o p o s i t i o n o f f a c t o r affirmed by the one party and denied by the other. l a w is

Provisions as to document applied to material objects

Framing o f issues

(2) Material propositions are those propositions of law or fact w h i c h plaintiff m u s t allege in order to s h o w a right to sue or a defendant m u s t allege in order to constitute his defence.

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denied by

(3) E a c h material proposition affirmed by o n e party and the other shall form the subject of a district issue. (4) I s s u e s are o f t w o k i n d s . (A) issues fact; (b) issue of l a w .

( 5 ) A t t h e first h e a r i n g o f t h e suit t h e c o u r t s h a l l , after r e a d i n g t h e p l a i n t a n d t h e w r i t t e n s t a t e m e n t , i f a n y , a n d after s u c h e x a m i n a t i o n o f the parties as m a y appear necessary, ascertain u p o n w h a t material propositions of fact or of l a w the parties are at v a r i a n c e , a n d shall thereupon proceed to frame and record the issues on w h i c h the right decision of the case appears to depend. (6) N o t h i n g in this rule requires the court to frame and record issues w h e r e t h e d e f e n d a n t a t t h e first h e a r i n g o f t h e - s u i t m a k e s n o d e f e n c e . Issues o f l a w and
o ff a c t

2. W h e r e issues b o t h of l a w a n d of fact arise in the s a m e suit, a n d the court is of opinion that the case , or any part thereof m a y , be d i s p o s e d o f o n t h e i s s u e s o f l a w o n l y , i t s h a l l t r y t h o s e i s s u e s first a n d f o r t h a t p u r p o s e m a y , i f i t t h i n k s fit, p o s t p o n e t h e s e t t l e m e n t o f t h e i s s u e s o f f a c t u n t i l after t h e i s s u e s o f l a w h a v e b e e n d e t e r m i n e d . T h e c o u r t m a y f r a m e t h e i s s u e s f r o m all o r a n y o f t h e f o l l o w i n g materials: (a) allegations m a d e o n oath b y the parties, o r b y any p e r s o n s p r e s e n t o n their behalf, o r m a d e b y the a d v o c a t e s o f s u c h p a r t i e s ; ( b ) a l l e g a t i o n s m a d e in, t h e p l e a d i n g s o r i n a n s w e r s t o i n t e r r o g a t o r i e s delivered the suit; (c) the contents of d o c u m e n t s produced by either party.

Materials from which issue m a y be framed

Court m a y examine witnesses or documents

before
framing

issue

4. W h e r e the court is of opinion that the issues cannot be correctly framed without the examination of some person not before the court o r w i t h o u t the i n s p e c t i o n o f s o m e d o c u m e n t n o t p r o d u c e d i n the suit, it m a y adjourn, the framing of the issues to a future day, a n d m a y (subject to any law for the time being in force) c o m p e l the attendance of any person or the production of any d o c u m e n t by the person in whose possession or p o w e r it is by summons or other process. 5.-(1) T h e c o u r t m a y , at any t i m e before p a s s i n g , a d e c r e e a m e n d t h e i s s u e s o r f r a m e a d d i t i o n a l i s s u e s o n s u c h t e r m s a s i t t h i n k s fit a n d all s u c h a m e n d m e n t s o f a d d i t i o n a l i s s u e s a s m a y b e n e c e s s a r y for d e t e r m i n i n g the m a t t e r s controversy b e t w e e n the parties shall be so m a d e or framed. (2) T h e court m a y also, at if any t i m e before passing a decree, strike out and issues that appear to it to be wrongly framed or introduced

Power to a m e n d , and strike out issues

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Questions of fact or law may by agreement be stated in form of issue

6. W h e r e the parties to a suit are agreed as to the question of fact or of l a w to be d e c i d e d b e t w e e n t h e m , t h e y m a y state the s a m e in the form of an issue, and enter into an a g r e e m e n t in writing that, u p o n the finding of the C o u r t in the affirmative or the negative of such issue-

(a) a s u m o f m o n e y s p e c i f i e d i n t h e a g r e e m e n t o r t o b e a s c e r t a i n e d by the court, or in such m a n n e r as the court m a y direct shall be paid by one of the parties to the other of them or that one of t h e m be declared entitled to some right or subject to some liability s p e c i f i e d i n t h e a g r e e m e n t ; (b) s o m e p r o p e r t y specified in t he a g r e e m e n t , a n d in d i s p u t e in t h e suit shall be delivered by one of the parties to the other of t h e m , or as that other m a y direct; or (c) o n e o r m o r e o f t h e p a r t i e s s h a l l d o o r a b s t a i n f r o m d o i n g s o m e particular act specified m the a g r e e m e n t and relating to the matter in d i s p u t e . 7. W h e r e the properc o u r t i s s a t i s f i e d , after m a k i n g s u c h i n q u i r y a s i t d e e m s

(a) t h a t t h e a g r e e m e n t w a s d u l y e x e c u t e d b y t h e p a r t i e s ; (b) that they h a v e a substantial interest in question as aforesaid; and the decision of such

( c ) t h a t t h e s a m e i s fit t o b e tried a n d d e c i d e d , i t s h a l l p r o c e e d t o r e c o r d a n d t r y t h e i s s u e a n d s t a t e its f i n d i n g o r decision thereon in the same m a n n e r as if the issue had been framed by court; and shall, u p o n the finding or decision on such issue, p r o n o u n c e judgment according to the terms of the agreement; and, u p o n the j u d g m e n t s o p r o n o u n c e d , a d e c r e e shall f o l l o w . ORDER XV DISPOSAL OF THE SUIT AT THE FIRST HEARING 1. W h e r e at t h e first h e a r i n g of a suit it a p p e a r s t h a t t h e p a r t i e s a r e n o t a t i s s u e o n a n y q u e s t i o n o f l a w o r o f fact t h e c o u r t m a y a t o n c e Pronounce judgment. 2 . W h e r e there are m o r e defendants than one, and any one o f the defendants is not at issue w i t h the plaintiff on any question of law or of f a c t , t h e c o u r t m a y a t o n c e p r o n o u n c e j u d g m e n t for o f a g a i n s t s u c h d e f e n d a n t a n d t h e suit s h a l l p r o c e e d o n l y a g a i n s t t h e o t h e r d e f e n d a n t s . 3.-(1) W h e r e t h e p a r t i e s a r e a t i s s u e o n s o m e q u e s t i o n o f l a w o r o f p a r t i e s fact, a n d issues h a v e b e e n f r a m e d b y t h e c o u r t a s h e r e i n b e f o r e p r o v i d e d , a t issue if the court is satisfied that no further a r g u m e n t or e v i d e n c e t h a n the parties can at once adduce is required u p o n such of the issue as m a y be

Court, if satisfied that agreement was executed in good faith may pronounce judgment

Parties not a t issue

O n e

o f

several
d e f e n d a n t s

not at issue Parties at issue

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sufficient for the d e c i s i o n of the suit, a n d t h a t no injustice W i l l r e s u l t from p r o c e e d i n g w i t h the suit forthwith, the court m a y p r o c e e d to d e t e r m i n e s u c h i s s u e s , a n d , i f t h e f i n d i n g t h e r e o n i s s u f f i c i e n t f o r ''the decision, m a y pronounce j u d g m e n t accordingly. ( 2 ) W h e r e t h e f i n d i n g i s n o t s u f f i c i e n t for t h e d e c i s i o n , t h e c o u r t s h a l l p o s t p o n e t h e f u r t h e r h e a r i n g o f t h e suit, a n d s h a l l f i x a d a y f o r t h e p r o d u c t i o n of s u c h further e v i d e n c e , or for s u c h further a r g u m e n t as the case requires. Failure
t op r o d u c e

4. W h e r e a s u m m o n s to a p p e a r h a s b e e n i s s u e d by a court other t h a n the H i g h Court and either party fails w i t h o u t s u f f i c i e n t c a u s e t o produce the evidence on w h i c h he relies, the court m a y at once pronounce j u d g m e n t , o r m a y , i f i t t h i n k s fit, after f r a m i n g a n d r e c o r d i n g i s s u e s , adjourn the suit for the p r o d u c t i o n o f s u c h e v i d e n c e a s m a y b e n e c e s s a r y for its d e c i s i o n u p o n s u c h i s s u e s . ORDER XVI SUMMONING AND ATTENDANCE OF WITNESSES

evidence

Summons to attend to give evidence or produce documents Expenses of witness to be paid into

1. At any t i m e after t h e suit is instituted, t h e p a r t i e s m a y o b t a i n , on application to t h e court, or to s u c h officer as it a p p o i n t s in this behalf, s u m m o n s e s to persons w h o s e attendance is required either to give evidence or to produce documents. 2.-(l) T h e party a p p l y i n g for a s u m m o n s shall, before t h e s u m m o n s

is g r a n t e d and w i t h i n a p e r i o d to be fixed, p a y into court such a s u m of m o n e y as appears to the court to be sufficient to defray the traveling court on applying for a n d o t h e r e x p e n s e s o f t h e p e r s o n s u m m o n e d i n p a s s i n g t o a n d f r o m t h e summons c o u r t in w h i c h he is r e q u i r e d to attend, a n d for o n e day's a t t e n d a n c e .
Experts

(2) I n d e t e r m i n i n g t h e a m o u n t p a y a b l e u n d e r t h i s r u l e t h e c o u r t m a y , in the case of any person s u m m o n e d to give evidence as an expert, allow r e a s o n a b l e r e m u n e r a t i o n for t h e t i m e o c c u p i e d b o t h i n g i v i n g e v i d e n c e and i n p e r f o r m i n g a n y w o r k o f a n e x p e r t character n e c e s s a r y for the case. (3) W h e r e the court is subordinate to the H i g h C o u r t regard shall be had, in fixing the scale of such expenses, to any rules m a d e in that behalf. 3. T h e s u m so p a i d into court shall be t e n d e r e d to the p e r s o n s u m m o n e d , at the time of serving the s u m m o n s , if it can be served
' '

scale Of expenses

Tender o f
e x p e n s e s to

witness

personally.
Procedure where insufficient sum paid in

4.-(l) W h e r e i t a p p e a r s t o t h e c o u r t o r t o s u c h officer a s i t a p p o i n t s in this behalf that the s u m paid into court is n o t sufficient to cover such e x p e n s e s or reasonable r e m u n e r a t i o n , the court m a y direct such further sum to be paid to the person s u m m o n e d as appears to be necessary on that account, and, in case of default in payment, m a y order such s u m to

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be levied by attachment and sale of the m o v a b l e property of the party obtaining the s u m m o n s ; or the court m a y discharge the person s u m m o n e d without requiring h i m to give evidence; or m a y both order such levy and discharge such person as aforesaid. (2) W h e r e i t i s n e c e s s a r y t o d e t a i n t h e p e r s o n s u m m o n e d f o r a l o n g e r period than one day, the court m a y , from time to time, order the party at w h o s e instance he w a s s u m m o n e d to pay into court such s u m as is s u f f i c i e n t t o d e f r a y t h e e x p e n s e s o f h i s d e t e n t i o n for s u c h f u r t h e r p e r i o d , and, in default of such deposit b e i n g m a d e , m a y order such s u m to be l e v i e d b y a t t a c h m e n t a n d sale o f t h e m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y o f s u c h p a r t y ; or the court m a y discharge the person s u m m o n e d without requiring h i m to give evidence; or m a y both order such levy and discharge such person as aforesaid. 5. E v e r y s u m m o n s for the a t t e n d a n c e of a p e r s o n to give e v i d e n c e or to p r o d u c e a d o c u m e n t shall specify the t i m e and place at w h i c h he is required to attend, and also w h e t h e r h i s attendance is required for t h e p u r p o s e o f g i v i n g e v i d e n c e o r t o p r o d u c e a d o c u m e n t , o r for both purposes; and any particular d o c u m e n t w h i c h the person s u m m o n e d is called on to p r o d u c e , shall be d e s c r i b e d in the s u m m o n s w i t h reason able accuracy.
Expenses of witnesses detained more than one day

Time, place and purpose of attend ance to be specified in summons

6 . A n y p e r s o n m a y b e s u m m o n e d t o p r o d u c e a d o c u m e n t w i t h o u t Summons to b e i n g s u m m o n e d t o g i v e e v i d e n c e ; a n d a n y p e r s o n s u m m o n e d m e r e l y produce t o p r o d u c e a d o c u m e n t s h a l l b e d e e m e d t o h a v e c o m p l i e d w i t h t h e document s u m m o n s i f h e c a u s e s s u c h d o c u m e n t t o b e p r o d u c e d i n s t e a d o f attend ing personally to p r o d u c e the same. 7. A n y person present in court m a y be required by the court to give evidence or to produce any d o c u m e n t then and there in his possession or power.
Power to required persons present in court to give evidence or produce document

8 . E v e r y s u m m o n s u n d e r t h i s O r d e r s h a l l b e s e r v e d a s n e a r l y a s Summons m a y b e i n t h e s a m e m a n n e r a s a s u m m o n s t o a d e f e n d a n t a n d t h e how served r u l e s i n O r d e r V a s t o p r o o f o f s e r v i c e s h a l l a p p l y i n t h e c a s e o f all s u m m o n s e s served u n d e r this rule. 9 . S e r v i c e s h a l l i n all c a s e s b e m a d e i n s u f f i c i e n t t i m e b e f o r e t h e t i m e specified i n t h e s u m m o n s for the a t t e n d a n c e o f the p e r s o n s u m m o n e d , t o a l l o w h i m a r e a s o n a b l e t i m e for p r e p a r a t i o n a n d for t r a v e l i n g t o the place at w h i c h his attendance is required. 10.-(1) W h e r e a p e r s o n t o w h o m a s u m m o n s h a s b e e n i s s u e d e i t h e r t o a t t e n d t o g i v e e v i d e n c e o r t o p r o d u c e a d o c u m e n t fails t o a t t e n d o r to produce the document in compliance with such s u m m o n s , the court shall, if the certificate of the serving officer h a s not b e e n verified by affidavit, a n d m a y , if it h a s b e e n so verified, e x a m i n e the s e r v i n g officer o n oath, o r c a u s e h i m t o b e s o e x a m i n e d touching the service or non-service of the s u m m o n s . by another court,
T i m e f o r s e r v i n g

summons

Procedure where witness fails to comply with summons

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(2) W h e r e the court sees reason to believe that such evidence or production is material, and that such person has, without lawful e x c u s e , failed to attend or to p r o d u c e the d o c u m e n t in c o m p l i a n c e with such s u m m o n s or has intentionally avoided service, it m a y issue a proclamation requiring h i m to attend to give evidence or to produce the d o c u m e n t at a time and place to be n a m e d therein; and a copy of such p r o c l a m a t i o n shall be affixed on the outer d o o r or other c o n s p i c u o u s part of the h o u s e in w h i c h he ordinarily resides. (3) In lieu, of or at the t i m e of issuing such p r o c l a m a t i o n , or at any t i m e afterwards, the court m a y in its, discretion, issue a w a r r a n t , e i t h e r w i t h o r w i t h o u t b a i l , for t h e a r r e s t o f s u c h p e r s o n , a n d m a y m a k e a n o r d e r for t h e a t t a c h m e n t o f h i s p r o p e r t y t o s u c h a m o u n t a s i t t h i n k s fit, n o t e x c e e d i n g t h e a m o u n t o f t h e c o s t s o f a t t a c h m e n t a n d o f a n y fine w h i c h m a y b e i m p o s e d u n d e r r u l e 1 2 .
if witness appears attachment m a y be withdrawn

1 1 . W h e r e , a t a n y t i m e after t h e a t t a c h m e n t o f h i s p r o p e r t y , s u c h p e r s o n appears and satisfies the court(a) t h a t h e d i d n o t , w i t h o u t l a w f u l e x c u s e , fail t o c o m p l y w i t h t h e s u m m o n s or intentionally avoid service, and, (b) w h e r e he h a s failed to attend at the t i m e a n d place n a m e d in a p r o c l a m a t i o n issued u n d e r the last p r e c e d i n g rule, that he h a d no notice of such proclamation in time to attend the court shall direct that the property be released from attachment, and shall m a k e such order as to the cost of the a t t a c h m e n t as it t h i n k s fit.

Procedure if witness fails to appear

12. The court m a y , w h e r e such person does not appear, or appears b u t fails s o t o satisfy t h e c o u r t , i m p o s e u p o n h i m , s u c h f i n e n o t e x c e e d i n g o n e t h o u s a n d s h i l l i n g s a s i t t h i n k s fit, h a v i n g r e g a r d t o h i s c o n d i t i o n i n life a n d all t h e c i r c u m s t a n c e s o f t h e c a s e , a n d m a y o r d e r h i s property, or any part thereof, to be attached a n d sold or, if already a t t a c h e d u n d e r r u l e 10, t o b e s o l d for t h e p u r p o s e o f s a t i s f y i n g all c o s t s of s u c h a t t a c h m e n t , t o g e t h e r w i t h the a m o u n t of the said fine if any: Provided that if the person w h o s e attendance is required pays into c o u r t the costs a n d fine aforesaid, the c o u r t shall o r d e r the p r o p e r t y to be released from attachment.

M o d e of attachment

13. T h e provisions with regard to the attachment and sale of p r o p e r t y i n t h e e x e c u t i o n o f a d e c r e e s h a l l , s o far a s t h e y a r e applic able be d e e m e d to apply to any a t t a c h m e n t and sale u n d e r this O r d e r as if the person w h o s e property is so attached were a j u d g m e n t debtor. 14. Subject to the provisions of this C o d e as to attendance and a p p e a r a n c e a n d t o a n y l a w for t h e t i m e b e i n g i n f o r c e , w h e r e t h e c o u r t at any time thinks it necessary to examine any person other than a party to the suit and n o t called as a witness by a party to the Suit t h e c o u r t m a y , o f its o w n m o t i o n , c a u s e s u c h p e r s o n t o b e s u m m o n e d

court may of its o w n accord summon as witnesses strangers to suit

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as a witness to give evidence, or to produce any d o c u m e n t in his possession, on a day to be appointed, and m a y examine him as witness or, r e q u i r e h i m t o p r o d u c e s u c h d o c u m e n t . 15. S u b j e c t a s l a s t a f o r e s a i d , give e v i d e n c e in a suit shall the s u m m o n s for that purpose a d o c u m e n t shall either attend at such time and place. w h o e v e r is attend at the and w h o e v e r t o p r o d u c e it, s u m m o n e d to appear and time, and place n a m e d in is summoned to produce o r c a u s e it, t o b e p r o d u c e d
Duty of persons summoned to give evidence or produce document When they may depart

16.-(1) A p e r s o n s o s u m m o n e d a n d a t t e n d i n g s h a l l , u n l e s s t h e court o t h e r w i s e directs, attend at e a c h h e a r i n g until the suit h a s b e e n d i s p o s e d of. ( 2 ) O n t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f either party a n d t h e p a y m e n t t h r o u g h t h e c o u r t o f all n e c e s s a r y e x p e n s e s ( i f a n y ) , t h e c o u r t m a y r e q u i r e a n y person so s u m m o n e d and attending to furnish security to attend at the n e x t or any other h e a r i n g or until the suit is disposed of and, in default of his furnishing such security, m a y order h i m to be detained, as a civil p r i s o n e r . 17. T h e p r o v i s i o n s o f r u l e s 1 0 t o 1 3 s h a l l , s o far a s t h e y a r e a p p l i c a b l e , be deemed to apply to any person w h o having attended in compliance of with a s u m m o n s departs, without lawful excuse, in contravention of r u l e 16. 18. W h e r e a n y p e r s o n a r r e s t e d u n d e r a w a r r a n t i s b r o u g h t b e f o r e t h e court in custody and cannot, owing to the absence of the parties or any of them, give the evidence or produce the d o c u m e n t w h i c h he has been s u m m o n e d to give or produce, the court m a y require h i m to give r e a s o n a b l e bail or o t h e r security for his a p p e a r a n c e at s u c h t i m e and p l a c e , a s i t t h i n k s fit, a n d , o n s u c h b a i l o r s e c u r i t y b e i n g g i v e n , m a y release him, and, in default of his giving such bail or security, m a y o r d e r h i m t o b e d e t a i n e d a s a civil p r i s o n e r . 19. N o o n e s h a l l b e o r d e r e d t o a t t e n d i n p e r s o n t o g i v e e v i d e n c e unless he resides(a) within the local limits of the courts ordinary original jurisdiction; or ( b ) w i t h o u t s u c h l i m i t s b u t a t a p l a c e l e s s t h a n fifty o r w h e r e t h e r e i s railway or steamer communication or other established public c o n v e y a n c e for five-sixths of the distance b e t w e e n the p l a c e w h e r e he resides and the place w h e r e the court is situate less t h a n t w o hundred miles distance from the court-house.

Application of rules 10 to 13

Procedure where witness apprehended cannot give evidence produce document

No witness to be order to attend in person unless resident within certain limits

20. W h e r e a n y p a r t y t o a s u i t p r e s e n t i n c o u r t r e f u s e s , w i t h o u t l a w f u l excuse, w h e n required by the court, to give evidence or produce any document then and there in his possession or power, the court m a y pronounce judgment against h i m or m a k e such order in relation to the suit it t h i n k s fit.

Consequence of refusal of party to give evidence when called on by court

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21. W h e r e a n y p a r t y t o a suit i s r e q u i r e d t o g i v e e v i d e n c e o r t o p r o d u c e a d o c u m e n t , the provisions as to w i t n e s s e s shall apply to h i m s o far a s t h e y a r e a p p l i c a b l e .

ORDER XVII
ADJOURNMENTS

court may

1.-(1) The court may, if sufficient cause is shown, at any stage of

grant t i m e the suit grant time to the parties or to any of t h e m , and m a y from time and adjourn t o t i m e a d j o u r n t h e h e a r i n g o f t h e suit. hearing

Costs of

(2) In every such case the court shall fix a day for the further hearing

adjournment o f t h e s u i t , a n d m a y m a k e s u c h o r d e r a s i t t h i n k s fit w i t h r e s p e c t t o the costs occasioned by the adjournment: Provided that, w h e n the hearing of evidence has once b e g u n , the h e a r i n g o f t h e s u i t s h a l l b e c o n t i n u e d f r o m d a y t o d a y u n t i l all t h e witnesses in attendance h a v e b e e n e x a m i n e d , unless the court finds the adjournment of the hearing b e y o n d the following day to be necessary for r e a s o n s t o b e r e c o r d e d . Procedure i f 2. W h e r e , on any day to w h i c h the h e a r i n g of the suit is adjourned, parties fail t h e p a r t i e s o r a n y o f t h e m fail t o a p p e a r , t h e c o u r t m a y p r o c e e d t o do appear on d i s p o s e of the suit in o n e of the m o d e s d i r e c t e d in t h a t b e h a l f by O r d e r
d a y i x e d

9 or make such other order as it thinks fit.

3 . W h e r e a n y p a r t y t o a suit t o w h o m t i m e h a s b e e n g r a n t e d fails t o produce his evidence, or to cause the attendance of his witnesses, or to p e r f o r m a n y o t h e r act n e c e s s a r y to t h e further p r o g r e s s of the suit, for which time has been allowed, the court m a y , notwithstanding such

Court may proceed not withstanding either to fails to produce evidence, etc. Procedure where no application is m a d e on suit adjourned generally Suit m a y be struck out if n o step taken for 3 years

default, proceed to decide the suit forthwith.

4. W h e r e the hearing of a court may, if no application adjournment, give notice to the not be dismissed. If cause be t h e c a s e shall b e d i s m i s s e d . suit h a s b e e n adjourned generally, the is m a d e within t w e l v e m o n t h s of the last p a r t i e s t o s h o w c a u s e w h y t h e suit s h o u l d not s h o w n to the satisfaction of the court,

5. In a n y c a s e , n o t o t h e r w i s e p r o v i d e d for in w h i c h no application is m a d e o r s t e p t a k e n for a p e r i o d o f t h r e e y e a r s b y e i t h e r p a r t y w i t h a v i e w t o p r o c e e d i n g w i t h the suit, the c o u r t m a y w i t h o u t n o t i c e o r d e r the suit to be struck o u t for w a n t of p r o s e c u t i o n , and after s u c h an order h a s b e e n m a d e shall give notice of the order on the court notice board. In such case the plaintiff m a y , subject to the law of limitation,

bring a fresh suit.

ORDER XVIII
HEARING OF THE SUIT AND EXAMINATION OF WITNESSES
Right to begin

1. T h e plaintiff h a s the right to b e g i n unless the defendant admits the facts alleged by the plaintiff and c o n t e n d s that either in p o i n t of l a w or on s o m e additional facts alleged by the defendant the plaintiff is n o t entitled to any part of the relief w h i c h he seeks, in w h i c h case the defendant has the right to begin-

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2.-(1) On the d a y fixed for the h e a r i n g of the suit or on any others day to which the hearing is adjourned, the party having the right to b e g i n shall state his case and p r o d u c e his e v i d e n c e i n s u p p o r t o f the issues w h i c h he is b o u n d to prove. (2) T h e o t h e r p a r t y s h a l l t h e n s t a t e h i s c a s e a n d p r o d u c e h i s e v i d e n c e (if a n y ) a n d m a y t h e n a d d r e s s t h e c o u r t g e n e r a l l y o n t h e w h o l e c a s e . (3) T h e party b e g i n n i n g m a y t h e n reply generally o n the w h o l e c a s e . 3. W h e r e there are several issues the b u r d e n of p r o v i n g s o m e of w h i c h lies on the other party, the party b e g i n n i n g m a y , at his option, either produce his evidence on those issues or reserve it by w a y of answer to the evidence p r o d u c e d by the other party; and, in the latter case, the p a r t y b e g i n n i n g m a y p r o d u c e e v i d e n c e o n t h o s e i s s u e s after t h e o t h e r p a r t y h a s p r o d u c e d all h i s e v i d e n c e , a n d t h e o t h e r p a r t y m a y t h e n reply specially on the evidence so produced by the party beginning; but the party beginning will then be entitled to reply generally on the w h o l e case. 4. The evidence of the witnesses in attendance shall be taken orally in open court in the presence and under the personal direction and superintendence of the Judge or magistrate. 5. The evidence of each witness shall be taken d o w n in writing, in the language of the court, by or in the presence and under the personal direction and superintendence of the Judge or magistrate, not ordinarily in the form of question and answer, but in that of a narrative and the J u d g e or magistrate shall sign the same. 6 . T h e c o u r t m a y , o f its o w n m o t i o n o r o n t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f a n y party or his advocate, take d o w n any particular question and answer, or any objection to any question, if there appears to be any special r e a s o n for s o d o i n g . 7. W h e r e any q u e s t i o n p u t to a w i t n e s s his advocate, and the court allows the magistrate shall take d o w n the question, t h e n a m e o f t h e p e r s o n m a k i n g it, t o g e t h e r thereon. is o b j e c t e d to by a party or same to be put, the Judge or the answer, the objection and with the decision of the court

Evidence where several issue

Witness to be examined in open court How evidence shall be taken Any particular question and answer may be taken down Questions objected to and allowed by court Remarks on demeanour of witness Power to direct shorthand record

8. The court m a y record such remarks as it thinks material respecting the demeanour of any witness while under examination.

9.-(1) N o t w i t h s t a n d i n g a n y t h i n g i n t h e f o r e g o i n g r u l e s o f t h i s O r d e r , the Judge or magistrate m a y direct a court stenographer to m a k e a s h o r t h a n d r e c o r d o f t h e w h o l e of, o r a n y p a r t of, o r t h e s u b s t a n c e of, t h e evidence of any witness or other proceedings. (2) A shorthand record m a d e u n d e r the provisions of the foregoing sub-rule shall, as soon as practicable thereafter, be transcribed and typewritten by the s a m e or any other court stenographer w h o shall certify the r e s u l t a n t t y p e w r i t t e n transcript to be c o r r e c t a n d c o m p l e t e and t h e r e u p o n it shall form part of the record.

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person appointed

(3) In this rule court stenographer m e a n s by, the Chief Justice to be a court stenographer. Power to deal with evidence taken before another Judge or magis trate

any

10.- ( 1 ) W h e r e a J u d g e , o r m a g i s t r a t e , i s p r e v e n t e d b y d e a t h , t r a n s f e r or other c a u s e from c o n c l u d i n g the trial of a suit, his s u c c e s s o r m a y deal with any evidence, or m e m o r a n d u m , taken d o w n or m a d e under the foregoing rules as such evidence or m e m o r a n d u m had been taken d o w n or m a d e by h i m or under his direction under the said rules and m a y p r o c e e d w i t h t h e s u i t f r o m t h e s t a g e a t w h i c h h i s p r e d e c e s s o r left it. (2) T h e p r o v i s i o n s o f s u b - r u l e (1) s h a l l , s o far a s t h e y a r e a p p l i c a b l e , be d e e m e d to apply to e v i d e n c e t a k e n in a suit transferred u n d e r section 2 1 . 11.- ( 1 ) W h e r e a w i t n e s s i s a b o u t t o l e a v e t h e j u r i s d i c t i o n o f t h e court, or other sufficient cause is s h o w n to the satisfaction of the court w h y his evidence should be taken immediately, the court m a y upon the a p p l i c a t i o n o f a n y p a r t y o r o f t h e w i t n e s s , a t a n y t i m e after t h e institution of the suit, t a k e the e v i d e n c e of s u c h w i t n e s s . (2) W h e r e s u c h e v i d e n c e is not t a k e n forthwith a n d in the p r e s e n c e o f t h e p a r t i e s , s u c h n o t i c e a s t h e c o u r t t h i n k s sufficient, o f t h e d a y f i x e d for t h e e x a m i n a t i o n , s h a l l b e g i v e n t o t h e p a r t i e s .

witness immediately

Court may recall and examine witness Power of court to inspect

12. T h e c o u r t m a y a t a n y s t a g e o f a suit r e c a l l a n y w i t n e s s w h o h a s b e e n e x a m i n e d a n d m a y ( s u b j e c t t o t h e l a w o f e v i d e n c e for t h e t i m e b e i n g i n f o r c e ) p u t s u c h q u e s t i o n s t o h i m a s t h e c o u r t t h i n k s fit. 13. T h e c o u r t m a y a t a n y s t a g e o f a suit i n s p e c t a n y p r o p e r t y o r t h i n g c o n c e r n i n g w h i c h a n y q u e s t i o n m a y arise. ORDER XIX

AFFIDAVITS
Power t o
o rd p o p o i e r a in t t o n y

b e

p rov ed
b y

n t

1 . A n y c o u r t m a y a t a n y t i m e for sufficient r e a s o n o r d e r t h a t a n y particular fact or facts m a y be p r o v e d by affidavit, or that the affidavit of any witness m a y be read at the hearing, on such conditions as the court thinks reasonable: P r o v i d e d that w h e r e a p p e a r s to the court that either party b o n a fide desires t h e p r o d u c t i o n of a w i t n e s s for c r o s s - e x a m i n a t i o n , a n d that s u c h witness can be produced, an order shall not be m a d e authorizing the e v i d e n c e o f s u c h w i t n e s s t o b e g i v e n b y affidavit.

affidavit

Power t o
o a t r t e d e e n r d a n c e

of d for

a n ep o

nen

2.- ( 1 ) U p o n a n a p p l i c a t i o n e v i d e n c e m a y b e g i v e n b y affidavit, b u t the court m a y , at the instance of either party, order the attendance for cross-examination of the deponent.

c r o s s -

( 2 ) S u c h a t t e n d a n c e shall b e c o u r t , u n l e s s t h e d e p o n e n t i s e x e m p t e d examination f r o m p e r s o n a l a p p e a r a n c e c o u r t , o r , t h e c o u r t o t h e r w i s e d i r e c t s ,

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w h i c h a s h ff i d avits a l l

3.-(1) Affidavits shall be confined to such facts as the d e p o n e n t is able of his o w n k n o w l e d g e to prove, except on interlocutory applications, o n w h i c h s t a t e m e n t s o f h i s belief m a y b e a d m i t t e d : P r o v i d e d that the g r o u n d s thereof are stated. ( 2 ) T h e c o s t s o f e v e r y affidavit w h i c h s h a l l u n n e c e s s a r i l y set f o r t h m a t t e r s of hearsay or a r g u m e n t a t i v e matter, or copies of or, extracts f r o m d o c u m e n t s , shall ( u n l e s s t h e c o u r t o t h e r w i s e d i r e c t s ) b e p a i d b y t h e p a r t y filing t h e s a m e .

b e

c o n f i n e d

ORDER XX JUDGMENT AND DECREE

1 . T h e c o u r t , after t h e c a s e h a s b e e n h e a r d , s h a l l p r o n o u n c e j u d g m e n t i n o p e n court, either a t o n c e o r o n s o m e future day, o f w h i c h due notice shall b e given t o the parties o r their advocates. 2. A Judge or magistrate m a y p r o n o u n c e a j u d g m e n t written b u t n o t p r o n o u n c e d b y his predecessor.
J u d g m e n t w h e n

p r o n o u n c e d

Power t o
p r o n o u n c e d

judgment written by judge's or magistrate's predecessor

3 . T h e j u d g m e n t shall b e written by, o r r e d u c e d t o writing u n d e r the p e r s o n a l d i r e c t i o n a n d s u p e r i n t e n d e n c e of, t h e p r e s i d i n g J u d g e o r magistrate in the l a n g u a g e of the court and shall be dated and signed by such presiding Judge or magistrate as of the date on w h i c h it is p r o n o u n c e d in o p e n court and, w h e n o n c e signed shall n o t afterwards be altered or added to, save as provided by section 96 or on review.

J u d g m e n t

t o b e

s i g n e d

4 . J u d g m e n t s s h a l l c o n t a i n a c o n c i s e s t a t e m e n t o f t h e c a s e , t h e p o i n t s Judgments f o r d e t e r m i n a t i o n , t h e d e c i s i o n t h e r e o n , a n d t h e r e a s o n s for s u c h d e c i s i o n . 5 . I n suits i n w h i c h issues h a v e b e e n f r a m e d , the c o u r t shall state its finding or decision, with the reason therefor, u p o n each separate issue, u n l e s s t h e finding u p o n a n y o n e or m o r e of the issues is sufficient for t h e d e c i s i o n of the suit
Court to state its decision on each issue

6.-(l) T h e d e c r e e shall agree w i t h the j u d g m e n t ; it shall contain Contents the n u m b e r o f the suit, t h e n a m e s a n d descriptions o f the parties, fd a n d particulars of t he claim, a n d shall specify clearly the relief granted o r o t h e r d e t e r m i n a t i o n o f t h e suit.
o e c r e e

(2) T h e decree shall also state the a m o u n t suit, a n d b y w h o m o r o u t o f w h a t p r o p e r t y such costs are to be paid.

of costs and, in

incurred in the what proportions

(3) T h e court m a y direct that the costs p a y a b l e other shall be set off against any s u m w h i c h is be due from the former to the latter.

to one party by the admitted or found to

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Date of decree

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7. T h e decree shall b e a r date the day on w h i c h the j u d g m e n t w a s p r o n o u n c e d , and, w h e n the J u d g e or magistrate h a s satisfied h i m s e l f that the decree has been d r a w n up in accordance with the j u d g m e n t , he shall sign the decree. 8 . W h e r e a J u d g e o r m a g i s t r a t e h a s v a c a t e d o f f i c e after p r o n o u n c i n g j u d g m e n t b u t w i t h o u t s i g n i n g the d e c r e e , a d e c r e e d r a w n u p in, accordance with such judgment m a y be signed by his successor.

Procedure where Judge or magistrate has vacated

Office

before signing
decree Decree

for recovery of immovable property

Cap. 334

9. W h e r e the subject-matter of the suit is i m m o v a b l e property, the decree shall contain a description of such p r o p e r t y sufficient to identify the s a m e , and w h e r e s u c h p r o p e r t y c a n be identified by a title n u m b e r under the L a n d Registration O r d i n a n c e , the decree shall specify such title n u m b e r . 10. W h e r e t h e s u i t i s f o r m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y , a n d t h e d e c r e e i s f o r the delivery of s u c h property, the d e c r e e shall also state the a m o u n t of m o n e y to be paid as an alternative if delivery cannot be had. 11.- ( 1 ) W h e r e , a n d i n s o far a s a d e c r e e i s for t h e p a y m e n t o f m o n e y , the court m a y for any sufficient r e a s o n at the t i m e of p a s s i n g the d e c r e e o r d e r t h a t p a y m e n t o f t h e a m o u n t d e c r e e d shall b e post p o n e d o r s h a l l b e m a d e b y i n s t a l l m e n t s , w i t h o r w i t h o u t i n t e r e s t , not withstanding anything contained in the contract under w h i c h the m o n e y is payable. (2) After the p a s s i n g of any s u c h d e c r e e the court m a y , on the application of the judgment-debtor and with the consent of the decreeholder, order that p a y m e n t of the a m o u n t decreed shall be postponed or shall be m a d e by installments on such t e r m s as to the p a y m e n t of interest, the attachment of the property of the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r , of the t a k i n g o f s e c u r i t y f r o m h i m , o r o t h e r w i s e , a s i t t h i n k s fit. 12.-(1) W h e r e a suit i s f o r t h e r e c o v e r y o f p o s s e s s i o n o f i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y and for rent or m e s n e profits, the court m a y pass a d e c r e e (a) for t h e p o s s e s s i o n o f t h e p r o p e r t y ; ( b ) for t h e r e n t o r m e s n e p r o f i t s w h i c h h a v e a c c r u e d o n t h e p r o p e r t y during a period prior to the institution of the suit or directing an i n q u i r y a s , t o s u c h r e n t o r m e s n e profits; (c) directing an inquiry as to rent or m e s n e profits from the institution o f t h e suit u n t i l (i) t h e delivery of p o s s e s s i o n to t h e d e c r e e - h o l d e r ; (ii) t h e r e l i n q u i s h m e n t o f p o s s e s s i o n b y t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r w i t h notice to the decree-holder through the court, or (iii) the expiration of three years from the date of the d e c r e e , w h i c h e v e r e v e n t first o c c u r s .

Decree for delivery movable property Decree payment by

installments may direct

Order after decree for payment by

installments

Decree for

Possession and mesne profits

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(2) W h e r e an i n q u i r y is d i r e c t e d u n d e r c l a u s e (b) or c l a u s e (c) a final d e c r e e i n r e s p e c t o f t h e r e n t o r m e s n e profits shall b e p a s s e d i n a c c o r d a n c e with the result of such inquiry. 13.-(1) W h e r e a s u i t i s for a n a c c o u n t o f a n y p r o p e r t y a n d for its due administration u n d e r the decree of the court, the court shall, before p a s s i n g t h e final d e c r e e , p a s s a p r e l i m i n a r y d e c r e e o r d e r i n g s u c h a c c o u n t s and inquiries to be taken and m a d e , and giving such other directions as it t h i n k s fit. (2) In the administration by the court of the p r o p e r t y of any d e c e a s e d p e r s o n , i f s u c h p r o p e r t y p r o v e s t o b e insufficient for t h e p a y m e n t i n full o f his debts and liabilities, the s a m e rules shall be o b s e r v e d as to the respec t i v e r i g h t s o f s e c u r e d a n d u n s e c u r e d c r e d i t o r s a n d a s t o d e b t s a n d liabilities p r o v a b l e , and as to the valuation of annuities and future and contingent l i a b i l i t i e s r e s p e c t i v e l y , a s m a y b e i n f o r c e for t h e t i m e b e i n g w i t h i n t h e local limits of the courts in w h i c h the administration suit is p e n d i n g with respect to the estates of persons adjudged or declared insolvent; and all p e r s o n s , w h o i n a n y s u c h c a s e w o u l d b e e n t i t l e d t o b e p a i d o u t o f such property, m a y c o m e in under the preliminary decree, and m a k e such claims against the same as they m a y respectively be entitled to by virtue of this C o d e . 14.-(1) W h e r e t h e c o u r t d e c r e e s a c l a i m t o p r e - e m p t i o n i n r e s p e c t of a particular sale of property and the p u r c h a s e - m o n e y h a s n o t b e e n paid into court, the decree shall(a) specify a day on or before w h i c h the p u r c h a s e - m o n e y shall be so paid; and (b) direct that on p a y m e n t into court of such p u r c h a s e - m o n e y , together w i t h t h e c o s t s (if a n y ) d e c r e e d a g a i n s t t h e plaintiff, o n o r b e f o r e the day referred to in clause (a), the defendant shall deliver p o s s e s s i o n o f t h e p r o p e r t y t o t h e plaintiff, w h o s e t i t l e t h e r e t o s h a l l be d e e m e d to h a v e accrued from the date of such p a y m e n t . but t h a t , i f t h e p u r c h a s e - m o n e y a n d t h e c o s t s (if a n y ) a r e n o t s o p a i d , t h e suit shall b e d i s m i s s e d w i t h c o s t s . (2) W h e r e the court h a s adjudicated e m p t i o n , t h e d e c r e e shall d i r e c t upon rival claims t o pre Decree in
p r e -

Decree in administra tion suit

emption suit

( a ) i f a n d i n s o far a s t h e c l a i m s d e c r e e d a r e e q u a l i n d e c r e e , t h a t the claim of each pre-emptor complying with the provision of s u b - r u l e ( 1 ) s h a l l t a k e effect i n r e s p e c t o f a p r o p o r t i o n a t e s h a r e of the property including any proportionate share in respect of w h i c h the claim of any p r e - e m p t o r failing to c o m p l y w i t h the said p r o v i s i o n s w o u l d , b u t for s u c h d e f a u l t , h a v e t a k e n e f f e c t ; a n d ( b ) i f a n d s o far a s t h e c l a i m s d e c r e e d a r e d i f f e r e n t i n d e g r e e , t h a t the c l a i m of the inferior p r e - e m p t o r shall n o t take effect u n l e s s and until the superior p r e - e m p t o r has failed to c o m p l y w i t h t h e said p r o v i s i o n s .

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15. W h e r e a s u i t is for t h e d i s s o l u t i o n of a p a r t n e r s h i p , or t h e t a k i n g of p a r t n e r s h i p a c c o u n t s , the court, b e f o r e p a s s i n g a final d e c r e e , m a y pass a preliminary decree declaring the proportionate shares of the p a r t i e s , f i x i n g t h e d a y o n w h i c h t h e p a r t n e r s h i p shall s t a n d d i s s o l v e d or be deemed to have been dissolved, and directing such accounts to b e t a k e n , a n d o t h e r a c t s t o b e d o n e a s i t t h i n k s fit. 16. I n a s u i t f o r a n a c c o u n t o f p e c u n i a r y t r a n s a c t i o n s b e t w e e n a p r i n c i p a l a n d a n a g e n t a n d i n any o t h e r suit n o t h e r e i n before p r o v i d e d for w h e r e i t i s n e c e s s a r y i n o r d e r t o a s c e r t a i n t h e a m o u n t o f m o n e y due to or from any party, that an account should be taken, the court s h a l l , b e f o r e p a s s i n g its f i n a l d e c r e e , p a s s a p r e l i m i n a r y d e c r e e d i r e c t i n g s u c h a c c o u n t s t o b e t a k e n a s i t t h i n k s fit. 17. T h e c o u r t m a y , e i t h e r b y t h e d e c r e e d i r e c t i n g a n a c c o u n t t o b e taken or by any subsequent order, give special direct-ions with regard to the m o d e in which the account is to be taken or vouched and in particular m a y direct that in taking the account the books of account, in w h i c h the accounts in question h a v e b e e n kept, shall be taken as prima facie e v i d e n c e o f t h e t r u t h o f t h e m a t t e r s t h e r e i n c o n t a i n e d w i t h liberty to the parties interested to take such objection thereto as they m a y be advised. 18. W h e r e t h e c o u r t p a s s e s a d e c r e e for t h e p a r t i t i o n o f p r o p e r t y o r for t h e s e p a r a t e p o s s e s s i o n o f a s h a r e t h e r e i n , t h e c o u r t m a y , i f t h e partition or separation c a n n o t be conveniently m a d e w i t h o u t further inquiry, pass a preliminary decree declaring the rights of the several parties interested in the property and giving such further directions as m a y be required. 19.-(1) W h e r e t h e d e f e n d a n t h a s b e e n a l l o w e d a set-off a g a i n s t c l a i m of the plaintiff, t h e d e c r e e shall state w h a t a m o u n t is d u e to t h e plaintiff a n d w h a t a m o u n t is d u e to the defendant, a n d shall be for the r e c o v e r y o f any s u m w h i c h a p p e a r s t o b e d u e t o e i t h e r party. (2) Any decree passed in a suit in which a set-off is claimed shall be subject to the same provisions in respect of appeal to w h i c h it w o u l d h a v e b e e n s u b j e c t i f n o set-off h a d b e e n c l a i m e d . (3) T h e p r o v i s i o n s of this rule shall apply w h e t h e r a d m i s s i b l e u n d e r rule 6 of O r d e r V I I I or o t h e r w i s e . the set-off is

Decree in suit for account between principal and agent Special directions as to accounts

Decree In suit of partition of property or separate possession of a share therein Decree when set-off allowed

Appeal from decree relating to set-off certified copies of judgment and decree to be furnished Interest on judgment deW

20. C e r t i f i e d c o p i e s o f t h e j u d g m e n t a n d d e c r e e s h a l l b e f u r n i s h e d t o t h e p a r t i e s o n a p p l i c a t i o n t o t h e court, a n d a t t h e i r e x p e n s e .

INTEREST
21.-(1) T h e r a t e o f i n t e r e s t o n e v e r y j u d g m e n t d e b t f r o m t h e d a t e o f d e l i v e r y o f t h e j u d g m e n t u n t i l s a t i s f a c t i o n shall b e s e v e n p e r c e n t u m per annum or such other rate, not exceeding twelve per centum per a n n u m , as the parties m a y expressly agree in writing before or after the delivery of the j u d g m e n t or as m a y be adjudged by consent: P r o v i d e d t h a t i n t h e c a s e o f a j u d g m e n t d e b t s u b s i s t i n g o n t h e first day of July, 19649 the provisions of this rule shall apply thereto as if t h e r e w e r e s u b s t i t u t e d for t h e w o r d s " d e l i v e r y o f j u d g m e n t " t h e w o r d s " o n t h e first d a y o f J u l y , 1 9 6 4 " .

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(2) F o r the p u r p o s e s of this rulem e a n s the final d e c r e e ; and ' j u d g m e n t debt'' m e a n s (a) the principal s u m ; (b) a n y interest a d j u d g e d o n s u c h p r i n c i p a l s u m for a n y p e r i o d prior to the institution of the suit; and (c) any interest a d j u d g e d o n s u c h p r i n c i p a l s u m for t h e p e r i o d b e t w e e n t h e i n s t i t u t i o n o f t h e suit a n d t h e d e l i v e r y o f t h e judgment. ORDER XXI EXECUTION OF DECREES AND ORDERS

Payment

under

Decree
paid as f o l l o w s ,
Mode of paying money under decree

All m o n e y p a y a b l e u n d e r a d e c r e e shall be namely: (b) o u t o f c o u r t t o t h e d e c r e e - h o l d e r ; o r

(a) into t h e court w h o s e duty it is to e x e c u t e t h e d e c r e e ; or (c) o t h e r w i s e a s t h e c o u r t w h i c h m a d e t h e d e c r e e d i r e c t s . (2) W h e r e any p a y m e n t i s m a d e u n d e r c l a u s e (a) o f sub-rule (1), n o t i c e o f s u c h p a y m e n t shall b e g i v e n t o t h e d e c r e e - h o l d e r . 2.-(l) W h e r e any m o n e y p a y a b l e u n d e r a d e c r e e of any k i n d is p a i d o u t of court or the d e c r e e is o t h e r w i s e adjusted in w h o l e or in part to t h e satisfaction of t h e d e c r e e - h o l d e r t h e d e c r e e - h o l d e r shall certify s u c h p a y m e n t or a d j u s t m e n t to t h e court w h o s e duty it is to execute the decree, and the court shall record the same accordingly. (2) T h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r also m a y i n f o r m t h e court o f s u c h p a y m e n t o r a d j u s t m e n t , a n d a p p l y t o t h e c o u r t t o issue a n o t i c e t o t h e d e c r e e holder to s h o w cause, on a day to be fixed by the court, w h y such p a y m e n t or a d j u s t m e n t s h o u l d n o t be r e c o r d e d as certified; a n d if, after service o f s u c h notice, t h e d e c r e e - h o l d e r fails t o s h o w c a u s e w h y t h e p a y m e n t or adjustment should not be r e c o r d e d as certified, the court shall record the same accordingly. ( 3 ) A p a y m e n t or adjustment, w h i c h has n o t b e e n certified or r e c o r d e d a s aforesaid, shall n o t b e r e c o g n i z e d b y any court e x e c u t i n g t h e d e c r e e .

Payment out of court to decreeholder

Courts

Executing

Decrees
Lands situate in more than one jurisdiction

3. W h e r e i m m o v a b l e property forms one estate or tenure situate w i t h i n local limits o f the j u r i s d i c t i o n o f t w o o r m o r e c o u r t s , any o n e o f s u c h courts m a y attach and sell the entire estate or t e n u r e .

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M t ra

o n

d s

e fe

o r

t r a n s f e r

T h e c o u r t of a r e s i d e n t m a g i s t r a t e m a y s e n d a d e c r e e for e x e c u t i o n directly to any other court (other than the, H i g h Court) within the local l i m i t s o f its j u r i s d i c t i o n ; i n a n y o t h e r c a s e , a d e c r e e t o b e e x e c u t e d outside the local limits of the jurisdiction of the court w h i c h passed i t shall b e s e n t t o t h e c o u r t o f t h e r e s i d e n t m a g i s t r a t e w i t h i n t h e l o c a l limits of w h o s e jurisdiction the d e c r e e is to be e x e c u t e d . 5. T h e c o u r t s e n d i n g a d e c r e e for e x e c u t i o n shall send(a) a copy of the decree; (b) a certificate s e t t i n g forth t h a t satisfaction of t h e d e c r e e h a s n o t been obtained by execution within the jurisdiction of the court b y w h i c h i t w a s p a s s e d , or, w h e r e the decree h a s b e e n e x e c u t e d in part, the extent to w h i c h satisfaction h a s b e e n obtained and W h a t part of the decree remains unsatisfied; and (c) a c o p y o f a n y o r d e r f o r t h e e x e c u t i o n o f t h e d e c r e e ; or, i f n o s u c h order h a s , b e e n m a d e , a certificate to that effect.

Procedure where court desires that its own decree shall be executed by another court

Court receiving copies of decree, etc., to file name without proof Execution of decree or order by court to which it is sent Execution by High Court of decree transferred by other Court

6. T h e court to w h i c h certificates t o b e filed, for execution, or of the reasons to be recorded requires such proof.

a decree is so sent shall cause such copies and w i t h o u t any further proof of the decree or order copies thereof, unless the court, for a n y special under the hand of the Judge or magistrate.

7. W h e r e s u c h c o p i e s are so filed, the d e c r e e or o r d e r m a y , if the c o u r t to w h i c h it is sent is the c o u r t of a resident m a g i s t r a t e , be e x e c u t e d by s u c h c o u r t o r b e t r a n s f e r r e d for e x e c u t i o n t o a n y s u b o r d i n a t e c o u r t o f competent jurisdiction. 8 . W h e r e t h e c o u r t t o w h i c h t h e d e c r e e i s s e n t for e x e c u t i o n i s t h e H i g h Court, the decree shall be executed by such C o u r t in the same m a n n e r a s i f i t h a d b e e n p a s s e d b y s u c h C o u r t i n t h e e x e r c i s e o f its ordinary original civil jurisdiction.

Application for
A f o fo r p r plication

Execution

e xecution

9 . W h e n t h e h o l d e r o f a d e c r e e ' d e s i r e s t o e x e c u t e it, h e s h a l l a p p l y t o t h e c o u r t w h i c h p a s s e d t h e d e c r e e o r t o t h e o f f i c e r (if. a n y ) a p p o i n t e d , i n this behalf, or if t h e d e c r e e has b e e n sent u n d e r t h e p r o v i s i o n s herein before contained to another court then to such court or to the proper officer thereof. 10.-(1) W h e r e a d e c r e e is for the p a y m e n t of m o n e y the c o u r t m a y , on the oral, application of the decree-holder at the time of the passing of the decree, order i m m e d i a t e execution thereof by the arrest of the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r , prior to the preparation of a w a r r a n t if he is w i t h i n the precincts of the Court.

Oral
a p p l i c a t i o n

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Written application

( 2 ) S a v e a s o t h e r w i s e p r o v i d e d b y s u b - r u l e ( 1 ) , e v e r y a p p l i c a t i o n for the execution of a decree shall be in w r i t i n g signed and verified by the applicant or by s o m e other person proved to the satisfaction of the c o u r t to be acquainted, w i t h the facts of the c a s e , a n d shall c o n t a i n in a tabular form the following particulars, n a m e l y ( a ) the n u m b e r o f t h e suit: (b) the n a m e s of the parties; ( c ) the date o f t h e d e c r e e ; ( d ) w h e t h e r a n y a p p e a l h a s b e e n preferred f r o m t h e d e c r e e - , ( e ) w h e t h e r any, and (if a n y ) what, p a y m e n t or other adjustment of the matter in controversy has been m a d e between the parties subsequently to the decree; (f) w h e t h e r any, a n d (if a n y ) w h a t , p r e v i o u s a p p l i c a t i o n s h a v e b e e n m a d e for, t h e e x e c u t i o n of t h e d e c r e e , t h e dates of s u c h applica tions and their results; ( g ) t h e a m o u n t w i t h interest (if a n y ) d u e u p o n t h e d e c r e e o r o t h e r relief granted there by, together with particulars of any crossd e c r e e , w h e t h e r p a s s e d b e f o r e o r after t h e d a t e o f t h e d e c r e e sought to be executed; (h) t h e a m o u n t of t h e costs (if a n y ) a w a r d e d ; (i) the n a m e of the person against w h o m execution, of the decree is sought; and (j) t h e m o d e i n w h i c h t h e a s s i s t a n c e o f t h e c o u r t i s r e q u i r e d , w h e t h e r (i) by the delivery of any p r o p e r t y specifically d e c r e e d - , ( i i ) b y t h e a t t a c h m e n t a n d sale, o r b y t h e sale w i t h o u t attach ment, of any property; (iii) b y t h e a r r e s t a n d d e t e n t i o n i n p r i s o n o f a n y p e r s o n ; (iv) by t h e a p p o i n t m e n t of a r e c e i v e r ; ( v ) o t h e r w i s e , a s t h e n a t u r e o f t h e relief g r a n t e d m a y r e q u i r e (3) T h e c o u r t t o w h i c h a n a p p l i c a t i o n i s m a d e u n d e r s u b - r u l e (2) m a y r e q u i r e t h e a p p l i c a n t to p r o d u c e a certified c o p y of t h e d e c r e e . 11. W h e r e a n a p p l i c a t i o n property belonging to a the decree-holder shall, property to be attached, of the same. i s m a d e for t h e a t t a c h m e n t o f a n y , m o v a b l e , judgment-debtor but not in his possession, annex to the application an inventory of the containing a reasonably accurate description

Application for attachment of movable property not in judgment debtor's possession

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12. -(1) W h e r e an application is m a d e for the a t t a c h m e n t of any i m m o v a b l e property belonging to a judgment-debtor, it shall contain at the foot(a) a description of s u c h p r o p e r t y sufficient to identify the s a m e a n d , i n c a s e s u c h p r o p e r t y c a n b e i d e n t i f i e d b y a title n u m b e r u n d e r t h e L a n d R e g i s t r a t i o n O r d i n a n c e , s u c h , title n u m b e r ; a n d (b) a specification of the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r s share or interest in such p r o p e r t y , to t h e b e s t of t h e b e l i e f of the applicant, a n d so far as h e has b e e n able t o a s c e r t a i n t h e s a m e . ( 2 ) W h e r e a n a p p l i c a t i o n i s m a d e for t h e a t t a c h m e n t o f a n y l a n d of w h i c h an estate has b e e n registered under the L a n d Registration O r d i n a n c e , t h e c o u r t m a y r e q u i r e t h e a p p l i c a n t t o p r o d u c e a n official s e a r c h i s s u e d u n d e r s e c t i o n 9 7 (2) o f t h a t O r d i n a n c e r e l a t i n g t o t h a t land.

Application for execution by joint decreeholder

13.-(l) W h e r e a d e c r e e h a s b e e n p a s s e d j o i n t l y i n f a v o u r o f m o r e person than one, any one or more of such persons may, unless the d e c r e e i m p o s e s a n y c o n d i t i o n t o the contrary, a p p l y for the e x e c u t i o n o f t h e w h o l e d e c r e e f o r t h e b e n e f i t o f t h e m all, o r w h e r e a n y o f t h e m h a s died, for t h e b e n e f i t o f t h e s u r v i v o r s a n d t h e l e g a l r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s of the deceased. (2) W h e r e be executed such order persons who t h e c o u r t s e e s sufficient c a u s e for a l l o w i n g t h e d e c r e e t o on an application m a d e under this rule, it shall m a k e as it d e e m s necessary for protecting the interests of the have not joined in the application-

1 4 . W h e r e a decree or, if a decree h a s b e e n p a s s e d jointly in favour Application o f t w o o r m o r e p e r s o n s , t h e interest o f a n y d e c r e e - h o l d e r i n t h e d e c r e e , for execution by i s t r a n s f e r r e d b y a s s i g n m e n t i n w r i t i n g o r b y o p e r a t i o n o f l a w t h e transferee of t r a n s f e r e e m a y a p p l y f o r e x e c u t i o n o f t h e d e c r e e t o t h e c o u r t w h i c h decree p a s s e d it, a n d t h e d e c r e e m a y b e e x e c u t e d i n t h e s a m e m a n n e r a n d subject t o t h e s a m e c o n d i t i o n s a s i f t h e a p p l i c a t i o n w e r e m a d e b y s u c h decree-holder:

P r o v i d e d that, w h e r e the decree, or such interest as aforesaid, h a s b e e n transferred by assignment, notice of such application shall be given to the transferor and the judgment-debtor, and the decree shall not b e e x e c u t e d u n t i l t h e c o u r t h a s h e a r d t h e i r o b j e c t i o n s (if a n y ) t o its execution: P r o v i d e d also t h a t w h e r e a d e c r e e for t h e p a y m e n t o f m o n e y a g a i n s t t w o o r m o r e p e r s o n s h a s b e e n t r a n s f e r r e d t o o n e o f t h e m , it, s h a l l n o t be executed against the others.
Procedure on receiving application for execution of decree

15.-(1) On r e c e i v i n g an a p p l i c a t i o n for t h e e x e c u t i o n of a d e c r e e as p r o v i d e d , b y r u l e 10, s u b - r u l e ( 2 ) , t h e c o u r t s h a l l a s c e r t a i n w h e t h e r such of the requirements of rules 10 to 12 as m a y be applicable to the case have b e e n complied with and, if they have not b e e n complied with, the court m a y reject the application, or m a y allow the defect to b e r e m e d i e d t h e n a n d there o r w i t h i n a t i m e b e fixed b y it.

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(2) W h e r e a application is a m e n d e d u n d e r the provisions of sub-rule (1), i t shall b e d e e m e d t o h a v e . b e e n a n a p p l i c a t i o n i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h l a w a n d p r e s e n t e d o n t h e date w h e n i t w a s first p r e s e n t e d . (3) E v e r y a m e n d m e n t , m a d e under this rule initialled by the Judge or magistrate, shall be signed or

(4) W h e n the application is admitted, the court shall enter in the proper register a note of the application and the date on w h i c h it w a s m a d e , a n d shall, s u b j e c t t o t h e p r o v i s i o n s h e r e i n a f t e r c o n t a i n e d , o r d e r e x e c u t i o n of the decree a c c o r d i n g to t h e nature of the a p p l i c a t i o n : P r o v i d e d that in t h e case of a d e c r e e for t h e p a y m e n t of m o n e y , the v a l u e o f t h e p r o p e r t y a t t a c h e d shall, a s n e a r l y a s m a y b e , c o r r e s p o n d with the amount due under the decree. 16.-(1) W h e r e a p p l i c a t i o n s a r e m a d e t o a c o u r t f o r t h e e x e c u t i o n o f c r o s s - d e c r e e s i n separate suits for the p a y m e n t o f t w o s u m s o f m o n e y p a s s e d b e t w e e n t h e s a m e parties a n d c a p a b l e o f e x e c u t i o n a t t h e s a m e t i m e b y s u c h court, t h e n (a) i f t h e t w o s u m s are e q u a l , satisfaction shall b e e n t e r e d u p o n b o t h decrees; and (b) i f t h e t w o s u m s a r e u n e q u a l , e x e c u t i o n m a y b e t a k e n o u t o n l y by the h o l d e r of the decree for the larger sum and for so m u c h o n l y a s r e m a i n s after d e d u c t i n g t h e s m a l l e r s u m , , a n d s a t i s f a c t i o n for the smaller s u m shall be e n t e r e d on the d e c r e e for the larger s u m a s w e l l a s s a t i s f a c t i o n o n t h e d e c r e e for t h e s m a l l e r s u m . ( 2 ) T h i s r u l e shall b e d e e m e d t o a p p l y w h e r e e i t h e r p a r t y i s assignee of o n e of t h e d e c r e e s a n d as w e l l in r e s p e c t of j u d g m e n t - d e b t s due by the original assignor as in respect of judgment-debts due by the a s s i g n e e himself. (3) T h i s r u l e shall n o t b e d e e m e d t o a p p l y u n l e s s ( a ) t h e d e c r e e - h o l d e r i n o n e o f t h e suits i n w h i c h t h e d e c r e e s h a v e been m a d e is the judgment-debtor in the other and each party fills t h e s a m e c h a r a c t e r m b o t h s u i t s ; a n d ( b ) t h e s u m s due u n d e r t h e d e c r e e s are definite., (4) T h e h o l d e r of a decree passed against several persons jointly and severally m a y treat it as a cross-decree in relation to a d e c r e e p a s s e d against h i m singly in favour of one or m o r e of such persons. 17. W h e r e a p p l i c a t i o n i s m a d e t o a c o u r t for t h e e x e c u t i o n o f a d e c r e e under, w h i c h t w o parties are entitled 1 to r e c o v e r s u m s of m o n e y from each other, then(a) i f t h e t w o s u m s are e q u a l , s a t i s f a c t i o n for b o t h shall b e e n t e r e d u p o n the decree; and (b) i f t h e t w o s u m s a r e u n e q u a l , e x e c u t i o n m a y b e t a k e n o u t o n l y b y the party entitled to the larger s u m and for so m u c h only as r e m a i n s after d e d u c t i n g t h e s m a l l e r s u m , a n d s a t i s f a c t i o n f o r t h e smaller s u m shall be entered u p o n the decree.
Execution in case of cross-claims under same decree Execution in case of crossdecree

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18. T h e p r o v i s i o n s c o n t a i n e d i n r u l e

16 and

17 shall apply to

d e c r e e s for sale in e n f o r c e m e n t of a m o r t g a g e or c h a r g e .

Simultaneous execution

19. T h e c o u r t m a y , i n its d i s c r e t i o n , r e f u s e e x e c u t i o n a t t h e s a m e t i m e against the person and property of the judgment-debtor.

Notice
Notice to
show cause
a g a i n s t

before

Execution

20.-(1) W h e r e a n a p p l i c a t i o n f o r e x e c u t i o n is m a d e ( a ) m o r e than o n e y e a r after the date o f the d e c r e e ; o r ( b ) against the legal representative of a party to the d e c r e e , t h e c o u r t e x e c u t i n g t h e d e c r e e shall issue a notice to the p e r s o n a g a i n s t w h o m e x e c u t i o n i s a p p l i e d for r e q u i r i n g h i m t o s h o w c a u s e o n a d a t e t o b e fixed w h y t h e d e c r e e s h o u l d n o t b e e x e c u t e d a g a i n s t h i m : P r o v i d e d that no such notice shall be necessary in c o n s e q u e n c e of m o r e , than one y e a r h a v i n g elapsed b e t w e e n the date of the decree and the application for e x e c u t i o n if the application is m a d e w i t h i n o n e y e a r from the date of the last order against the party against w h o m e x e c u t i o n i s a p p l i e d for , m a d e o n a n y p r e v i o u s a p p l i c a t i o n for execu tion, o r i n c o n s e q u e n c e o f t h e a p p l i c a t i o n b e i n g m a d e a g a i n s t t h e l e g a l representative of the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r , if u p o n a p r e v i o u s application for e x e c u t i o n a g a i n s t t h e s a m e p e r s o n t h e c o u r t h a s o r d e r e d e x e c u t i o n to issue against him. (2) N o t h i n g in the foregoing court from issuing any process n o t i c e t h e r e b y p r e s c r i b e d , if, that the issue of such notice defeat the ends of justice. sub-rule shall be d e e m e d to preclude the in execution of decree without issuing the for r e a s o n s t o b e r e c o r d e d , i t c o n s i d e r s would cause unreasonable delay or would

execution
i c n e r t a i n

c a m

Procedure
a f t e r i s s u e i s s o f u n e o t i c e

21.-(1) W h e r e t h e p e r s o n t o w h o m , n o t i c e is i s s u e d u n d e r t h e l a s t preceding rule does not appear or does not s h o w cause to the satisfaction of the court w h y the decree should not be executed, the court shall order the decree to be executed. (2) W h e r e s u c h p e r s o n offers any objection t o the e x e c u t i o n o f t h e decree, the court shall consider such objection and m a k e such order as i t t h i n k s fit.

Process for
Process for execution

Execution

22.-(1) W h e n t h e p r e l i m i n a r y m e a s u r e s (if a n y ) r e q u i r e d b y t h e f o r e g o i n g r u l e s h a v e b e e n taken, the c o u r t shall, u n l e s s it sees c a u s e to t h e c o n t r a r y , i s s u e its p r o c e s s f o r t h e e x e c u t i o n o f t h e d e c r e e .

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(2) E v e r y such process shall b e a r date of the d a y on w h i c h it is i s s u e d , a n d s h a l l b e s i g n e d b y , t h e J u d g e o r m a g i s t r a t e , o r . s u c h officer a s the c o u r t m a y a p p o i n t in this behalf, a n d shall be sealed w i t h the seal of t h e C o u r t a n d d e l i v e r e d t o t h e p r o p e r officer t o b e e x e c u t e d . (3) I n e v e r y s u c h p r o c e s s a d a y shall b e s p e c i f i e d o n o r b e f o r e w h i c h it shall be e x e c u t e d . 23.-(1) T h e officer e n t r u s t e d w i t h t h e e x e c u t i o n o f t h e p r o c e s s s h a l l endorse thereon the day on, and the manner m, which it w a s executed, and, if the latest d a y specified in the p r o c e s s for the return thereof h a s b e e n e x c e e d e d , the r e a s o n of the delay, or, if it w a s n o t executed, the reason w h y it w a s n o t executed, and shall return the process w i t h : such endorsement to the court. (2) W h e r e t h e e n d o r s e m e n t i s t o t h e effect t h a t s u c h officer i s u n a b l e t o execute the process, the court shall e x a m i n e h i m touching his alleged i n a b i l i t y , a n d m a y , i f i t t h i n k s fit, s u m m o n a n d e x a m i n e w i t n e s s e s a s to such inability, and shall record the result. Stay of Execution 24.-(1) The court to w h i c h a decree h a s b e e n sent for execution shall, u p o n sufficient c a u s e b e i n g s h o w n , stay the e x e c u t i o n of such decree for a reasonable time, to enable the judgment-debtor to apply to the court by which the decree w a s passed or to any court having appellate junction in r e s p e c t of the d e c r e e or the e x e c u t i o n thereof, for an o r d e r to stay e x e c u t i o n o r f o r a n y o t h e r o r d e r r e l a t i n g t o t h e d e c r e e o r execu t io n w h i c h m i g h t h a v e b e e n m a d e b y s u c h c o u r t o f first i n s t a n c e o r a p p e l l a t e
1 1 -

Endorse ment on process

When court may stay execution

court if execution h a d b e e n issued thereby, or if application for execution had been made thereto. (2) W h e r e the property or person of the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r h a s b e e n seized under an execution, the court w h i c h issued the execution m a y order the restitution, of such property or the discharge of such person pending the result of the application. (3) B e f o r e m a k i n g a n o r d e r t o stay e x e c u t i o n o r for t h e r e s t i t u t i o n o f property or the discharge of the judgment-debtor, the court m a y require such security from, or impose such conditions upon, the j u d g m e n t d e b t o r a s i t t h i n k s fit.
Power to require security or impose conditions upon judgmentdebtor Liability of judgmentdebtor discharge Order of court which passed decree or appellate court to be binding upon court applied to

25. N o o r d e r o f r e s t i t u t i o n o r d i s c h a r g e u n d e r r u l e 2 4 s h a l l p r e v e n t the property or person of a judgment-debtor from being retaken execution of the decree sent for execution. 26. A n y o r d e r o f t h e c o u r t b y w h i c h t h e d e c r e e w a s p a s s e d , o r o f such court of appeal as aforesaid, in relation to the execution of such decree, shall be binding u p o n the court to w h i c h the decree w a s sent for , e x e c u t i o n .

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Stay of 27. W h e r e a s u i t i s p e n d i n g i n a n y c o u r t a g a i n s t t h e h o l d e r , o f a d e c r e e execution pending suit o f s u c h c o u r t , o n t h e p a r t o f t h e p e r s o n a g a i n s t w h o m , t h e d e c r e e w a s between passed, the court, m a y on such terms as to security or otherwise as it decreet h i n k s fit, stay e x e c u t i o n o f t h e d e c r e e u n t i l t h e p e n d i n g suit h a s , b e e n holder and judgmentdecided. debtor

Mode
Decree of p a y m e n t of money

of Execution

28. E v e r y d e c r e e for t h e p a y m e n t o f m o n e y , i n c l u d i n g a d e c r e e for t h e p a y m e n t o f m o n e y a s t h e a l t e r n a t i v e t o s o m e o t h e r relief, m a y b e e x e c u t e d by the detention as a civil prisoner of the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r or by the attachment and sale of h i s property, or by both. 29.-(l) W h e r e the decree is for any specific m o v a b l e , or for any share in a specific m o v a b l e , it m a y be executed by the seizure, if practicable, of the m o v a b l e or share, and by the delivery thereof to the party to w h o m , it has been adjudged, or to such person as he a p p o i n t s t o r e c e i v e d e l i v e r y o n h i s behalf, o r b y t h e d e t e n t i o n a s a civil p r i s o n e r of the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r or by the a t t a c h m e n t of his property, or by both. (2) W h e r e a n y a t t a c h m e n t u n d e r s u b - r u l e (1) h a s r e m a i n e d i n f o r c e for six m o n t h s , i f the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r h a s n o t o b e y e d the d e c r e e a n d the decree-holder has applied to h a v e the attached property sold, such property m a y be sold and out of the proceeds the court m a y award to the decree-holder, in cases w h e r e any a m o u n t h a s b e e n fixed by the decree to be paid as an alternative to delivery of m o v a b l e property, s u c h a m o u n t , a n d i n o t h e r c a s e s , s u c h c o m p e n s a t i o n a s i t t h i n k s fit, a n d s h a l l p a y t h e b a l a n c e (if a n y ) t o t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r o n h i s application. (3) W h e r e t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r h a s o b e y e d t h e d e c r e e a n d p a i d all costs of executing the same which he is b o u n d to pay, or where, at the end of six m o n t h s from the date of the attachment, no application t o h a v e the p r o p e r t y sold h a s b e e n m a d e , or, i f m a d e , h a s b e e n refused, t h e : a t t a c h m e n t shall c e a s e .

Decree for specific movable property

D e c r e e for 3 0 . - (1) W h e r e the party against w h o m a decree for the specific specific p e r f o r m a n c e o f a c o n t r a c t , o r , s u b j e c t t o r u l e 3 1 , for r e s t i t u t i o n o f performance, c o n j u g a l , r i g h t s , o r for a n i n j u n c t i o n , h a s b e e n p a s s e d , h a s h a d a n for restitution of o p p o r t u n i t y o f o b e y i n g t h e d e c r e e , a n d h a s w i l l f u l l y f a i l e d t o o b e y it. conjugal the decree m a y , save as otherwise p r o v i d e d by any l a w for the time being, rights or for an in force, be enforced by his detention as a civil prisoner, or by the injunction,

attachment of his property or by both.

( 2 ) W h e r e t h e party a g a i n s t w h o m a d e c r e e for specific p e r f o r m a n c e or of an injunction has b e e n passed is a corporation, the decree m a y be enforced by the attachment, of the property of the corporation, or, w i t h the l e a v e o f t h e court, b y the d e t e n t i o n a s civil p r i s o n e r s o f the directors or other principal officers thereof, or by b o t h a t t a c h m e n t and detention.

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(3) W h e r e any a t t a c h m e n t u n d e r s u b - r u l e (1) o r s u b - r u l e (2) h a s r e m a i n e d in force, for o n e year, if the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r h a s n o t o b e y e d the decree and the decree-holder has applied to have the attached property sold, such property, m a y be sold; and o u t of the p r o c e e d s the court m a y award to the decree-holder such compensation as it t h i n k s fit, a n d s h a l l p a y t h e b a l a n c e (if a n y ) t o t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r on his application. (4) W h e r e the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r has o b e y e d the decree and paid all c o s t s o f e x e c u t i n g t h e s a m e w h i c h h e i s b o u n d t o p a y o r w h e r e , a t t h e e n d o f t h e o n e y e a r f r o m t h e d a t e o f ' t h e a t t a c h m e n t . n o applica tion to have the property sold has been m a d e , or if m a d e has been r e f u s e d , t h e a t t a c h m e n t shall c e a s e . (5) W h e r e a d e c r e e for t h e specific p e r f o r m a n c e of a c o n t r a c t or for a n i n j u n c t i o n h a s n o t b e e n o b e y e d , t h e c o u r t m a y , i n l i e u o f o r i n a d d i t i o n t o all o r a n y o f t h e p r o c e s s e s a f o r e s a i d , d i r e c t t h a t t h e a c t r e q u i r e d t o b e d o n e m a y b e d o n e s o far a s p r a c t i c a b l e b y t h e decree-holder or some other person appointed by the court, at the cost of the judgment-debtor, and upon the act being done the expenses incurred m a y be ascertained in such m a n n e r as the court m a y direct and m a y be recovered as if they were included in the decree. 3 1 . - ( l ) A d e c r e e for t h e r e s t i t u t i o n o f c o n j u g a l be e n f o r c e d by d e t e n t i o n as a civil p r i s o n e r . rights shall not
Execution of decree for restitution of conjugal rights

(2) W h e r e the decree h o l d e r is the wife, the court m a y , save as m a y o t h e r w i s e b e p r o v i d e d i n a n y l a w for the t i m e b e i n g h i force, enforce the decree by m a k i n g an order that in the event of the decree n o t b e i n g o b e y e d w i t h i n s u c h p e r i o d as m a y be fixed in this behalf, the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r shall m a k e to the decree-holder, such periodical p a y m e n t s as m a y be j u s t , a n d , if it thinks fit, require that the j u d g m e n t d e b t o r s h a l l , t o its s a t i s f a c t i o n , s e c u r e t o t h e d e c r e e - h o l d e r s u c h periodical payments. (3) T h e court m a y from t i m e to t i m e vary or m o d i f y any order m a d e u n d e r s u b - r u l e ( 2 ) for t h e p e r i o d i c a l p a y m e n t o f m o n e y . e i t h e r by altering the times of p a y m e n t or by increasing or diminishing the amount, or m a y temporarily suspend the same as to the whole or any part of the m o n e y so ordered to be paid, and again revive the same, either wholly or in part as it m a y think just. (4) A n y m o n e y o r d e r e d t o b e p a i d u n d e r this rule m a y b e r e c o v e r e d a s t h o u g h i t w e r e p a y a b l e u n d e r a d e c r e e for t h e p a y m e n t o f m o n e y . 32.- (1) W h e r e a, d e c r e e is for, t h e e x e c u t i o n of a d o c u m e n t or for t h e e n d o r s e m e n t of a negotiable instrument and the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r neglects or refuses to o b e y the decree, the decree-holder m a y prepare a draft o f t h e d o c u m e n t o r e n d o r s e m e n t i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h t h e t e r m s of the decree and deliver the s a m e to the court. (2) T h e c o u r t shall t h e r e u p o n c a u s e the draft to b e , served on the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r t o g e t h e r w i t h a n o t i c e r e q u i r i n g h i s o b j e c t i o n s (if a n y ) to be m a d e within such time as the court fixes in this behalf.

Decree for execution of document or endorsement of negotiable instrument

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( 3 ) W h e r e t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r o b j e c t s t o t h e draft, h i s o b j e c t i o n s shall b e s t a t e d i n w r i t i n g w i t h i n s u c h t i m e , a n d t h e c o u r t shall m a k e s u c h o r d e r a p p r o v i n g or a l t e r i n g t h e draft, as it t h i n k s fit. (4) T h e d e c r e e - h o l d e r shall d e l i v e r to t h e c o u r t a c o p y of t h e draft w i t h s u c h alterations (if a n y ) a s t h e c o u r t m a y h a v e d i r e c t e d a n d t h e J u d g e o r m a g i s t r a t e o r s u c h officer a s m a y b e a p p o i n t e d i n this b e h a l f shall e x e c u t e t h e d o c u m e n t s s o d e l i v e r e d . (5) T h e execution of a d o c u m e n t or the e n d o r s e m e n t of a negotiable i n s t r u m e n t u n d e r t h i s rule m a y b e i n t h e f o l l o w i n g f o r m , n a m e l y " C D . , J u d g e (or m a g i s t r a t e ) o f t h e C o u r t o f (or as the case m a y b e ) , for A . B . , in a suit by E.F. against A . B . ' ' and shall h a v e the s a m e effect as the execution of the d o c u m e n t or the endorsement of the negotiable instrument by the party ordered to execute or endorse the same. (6) T h e d o c u m e n t or negotiable instrument so e x e c u t e d or e n d o r s e d shall t h e r e u p o n be delivered to the decree-holder.
D e c r e e for immovable Property

33.-(1) W h e r e a d e c r e e i s for t h e d e l i v e r y o f a n y i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y , p o s s e s s i o n t h e r e o f shall b e d e l i v e r e d t o t h e p a r t y t o w h o m i t h a s b e e n adjudged, or to such person as he m a y appoint to receive delivery on his behalf, and, i f n e c e s s a r y , b y r e m o v i n g a n y p e r s o n b o u n d b y the decree w h o refuses to vacate the property. ( 2 ) W h e r e a d e c r e e is. f o r t h e j o i n t p o s s e s s i o n o f i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y , such p o s s e s s i o n shall be delivered by affixing a c o p y of the w a r r a n t in some conspicuous place on the property and proclaiming the substance of the decree by such m e a n s as are u s e d locally to m a k e public pronouncements. (3) W h e r e p o s s e s s i o n of any building or enclosure is to be delivered a n d the p e r s o n i n p o s s e s s i o n , b e i n g b o u n d b y the d e c r e e , d o e s n o t afford free a c c e s s , t h e c o u r t , t h r o u g h its o f f i c e r s , m a y , after g i v i n g r e a s o n a b l e w a r n i n g and facility to a n y w o m a n n o t appearing in public according to her religion or local custom to withdraw, r e m o v e or open any lock or bolt or b r e a k o p e n a n y d o o r or do a n y other act n e c e s s a r y for putting the decree-holder in possession.

Decree for delivery of immovable property when in occupancy of tenant

34. W h e r e a d e c r e e i s for t h e d e l i v e r y o f a n y i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y in the o c c u p a n c y of a tenant or other person entitled to occupy the same and not bound by the decree to relinquish such occupancy, the court shall order delivery to be m a d e by affixing a c o p y of the w a r r a n t in w h e n s o m e conspicuous place on the property, ancTproclaiming to the occupant the substance of the decree by such m e a n s as are u s e d locally to m a k e public pronouncements.

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Arrest and Detention

in

Prison
Discetionery power to permit judgmentdebtor to show cause against detention in prison

35.-(1) N o t w i t h s t a n d i n g a n y t h i n g i n t h e s e r u l e s , w h e r e a t a p p l i c a t i o n is for the e x e c u t i o n of a d e c r e e for the p a y m e n t of m o n e y by the arrest a n d detention as a civil. p r i s o n e r of a j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r w h o is liable to be arrested in pursuance of the application, the court way, instead of i s s u i n g a w a r r a n t for h i s arrest, issue a n o t i c e c a l l i n g u p o n h i m to a p p e a r before the court on a day to be specified in the notice and s h o w cause w h y he should not be committed to prison. (2) W h e r e appearance is not m a d e in obedience to the notice, the c o u r t shall, if t h e d e c r e e - h o l d e r ' so r e q u i r e s , issue a w a r r a n t for t h e arrest of the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r . 36. E v e r y warrant for the arrest of a j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r shall direct the o f f i c e r e n t r u s t e d w i t h its e x e c u t i o n t o b r i n g h i m b e f o r e t h e c o u r t w i t h all c o n v e n i e n t s p e e d , u n l e s s t h e a m o u n t w h i c h h e h a s b e e n o r d e r e d t o p a y t o g e t h e r w i t h t h e i n t e r e s t t h e r e o n a n d t h e c o s t s (if a n y ) t o w h i c h h e i s liable, be sooner paid.

Warrant for arrest to direct judgmentdebtor to be brought up Request for arrest by telegram

37.-(1) A c o u r t w h i c h h a s i s s u e d a w a r r a n t for t h e a r r e s t o f j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r m a y by telegram request any district court with the area of w h o s e jurisdiction the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r is believed to be, to arrest h i m a n d c a u s e h i m t o b e t a k e n u n d e r e s c o r t t o t h e c o u r t w h i c h issued the warrant. (2) A t e l e g r a m sent u n d e r t h e p r o v i s i o n s of s u b - r u l e (1) shall s t a t e (a) t h e n u m b e r a n d title o f t h e c a s e ; ( b ) t h e full n a m e o f t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r a n d t h e p l a c e W h e r e h e i s believed to be; (c) the a m o u n t o f m o n e y u p o n p a y m e n t o f w h i c h the j u d g m e n t - , debtor m a y be released; (d) t h a t t h e p e r s o n a p p l y i n g f o r a r r e s t h a s g i v e n s e c u r i t y for t h e expenses of and the transport of the judgment-debtor and his escort to the court which issued the warrant; and (e) t h e date w h e n t h e w a r r a n t o f arrest w a s issued. (3) On receipt of a t e l e g r a m sent in a c c o r d a n c e w i t h the p r o v i s i o n s of this rule, the court to w h i c h it is addressed shall issue a provisional warrant i n accordance with the particulars shall c a u s e t h e s a m e t o b e e x e c u t e d .
c o n t a i n e d i n t h e t e l e g r a m a n d

38.-(1) No j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r shall be arrested in execution of a decree unless and until the decree-holder pays into court such s u m as the J u d g e o r m a g i s t r a t e t h i n k s s u f f i c i e n t for t h e s u b s i s t e n c e o f t h e j u d g m e n t debtor -from the time of his arrest until he can be brought before the court. ( 2 ) W h e r e a j u d g m e n t - fix for h i s s u b s i s t e n c e s u c h m o n t h l y a l l o w a n c e a d e c r e e , t h e c o u r t shall as he m a y , be entitled to according to the scales fixed u n d e r section 45 or, w h e r e n o s u c h scales h a v e b e e n fixed, a s i t c o n s i d e r s sufficient with:, reference to the class to w h i c h he belongs.

Subsistence allowance

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(3) T h e m o n t h l y a l l o w a n c e fixed b y the c o u r t shall b e supplied b y the party on w h o s e application the judgment-debtor has been arrested by m o n t h l y p a y m e n t s i n a d v a n c e b e f o r e t h e first d a y o f e a c h m o n t h . ( 4 ) T h e first p a y m e n t s h a l l b e m a d e t o t h e p r o p e r officer o f t h e c o u r t for such portion of the current m o n t h as r e m a i n s u n e x p i r e d before the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r i s c o m m i t t e d t o c i v i l p r i s o n . a n d t h e s u b s e q u e n t pay m e n t s (if a n y ) shall b e m a d e t o t h e officer i n c h a r g e o f t h e p r i s o n . (5) S u m s d i s b u r s e d b y t h e d e c r e e - h o l d e r for t h e s u b s i s t e n c e o f t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r i n p r i s o n shall b e d e e m e d t o b e c o s t s i n the suit: P r o v i d e d that the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r shall n o t be detained in prison or arrested on account of any sum so disbursed.

Proceedings on appearance judgmentdebtor In obedience to mace or after arrest

39.- ( 1 ) W h e r e a j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r a p p e a r s b e f o r e t h e court in obedience to a notice issued under rule 3 5 , or is brought before the court after b e i n g a r r e s t e d i n e x e c u t i o n o f a d e c r e e for t h e p a y m e n t o f m o n e y , and it appears to the court that the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r is unable from p o v e r t y o r o t h e r sufficient c a u s e t o p a y t h e a m o u n t o f t h e d e c r e e o r , if that amount is payable by installments, the amount of any installment t h e r e o f , t h e c o u r t m a y , u p o n s u c h t e r m s (if a n y ) a s i t t h i n k s fit, m a k e a n o r d e r d i s a l l o w i n g t h e a p p l i c a t i o n for h i s a r r e s t a n d d e t e n t i o n , o r directing his release, as the case m a y be. (2) Before m a k i n g an order u n d e r sub-rule (1), the court m a y take into consideration any allegation of the decree-holder touching any of the following matters, n a m e l y : (a) t h e d e c r e e b e i n g for a s u m for w h i c h t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r w a s b o u n d m any fiduciary capacity to account; (b) the transfer, c o n c e a l m e n t or r e m o v a l by the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r of a n y p a r t o f h i s p r o p e r t y after t h e d a t e o f t h e i n s t i t u t i o n o f t h e suit in w h i c h the decree w a s passed, or the c o m m i s s i o n by h i m after t h a t d a t e o f a n y o t h e r a c t o f b a d f a i t h i n r e l a t i o n t o h i s p r o p e r t y , w i t h the object or effect of o b s t r u c t i n g or d e l a y i n g the decree-holder in the execution of the decree; (c) any u n d u e p r e f e r e n c e g i v e n b y t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r t o a n y o f i s other creditors; (d) refusal or neglect on the part of the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r to p a y the a m o u n t o f t h e d e c r e e o r s o m e p a r t t h e r e o f w h e n h e h a s , o r since the date of the decree h a s had, the m e a n s of p a y i n g it: (e) t h e l i k e l i h o o d o f t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r a b s c o n d i n g o r l e a v i n g t h e j u r i s d i c t i o n o f t h e c o u r t w i t h t h e o b j e c t o r effect o f o b s t r u c t i n g or delaying the decree-holder in the execution of the decree.

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1 1 1

(3) W h i l e any o f t h e m a t t e r s m e n t i o n e d i n s u b - r u l e (2) a r e b e i n g c o n s i d e r e d , t h e c o u r t m a y , i n its d i s c r e t i o n , o r d e r t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r to be d e t a i n e d as a civil p r i s o n e r or leave h i m in the c u s t o d y of an officer of the court, or release h i m on his furnishing security, to the satisfaction o f t h e c o u r t , for h i s a p p e a r a n c e w h e n r e q u i r e d b y t h e , c o u r t . (4) A j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r released u n d e r this rule m a y be re-arrested. (5) W h e r e t h e c o u r t d o e s n o t m a k e a n o r d e r u n d e r s u b - r u l e ( 1 ) , it shall cause the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r to be arrested if he h a s not already been arrested and, subject to the other provisions of this C o d e , c o m m i t him to prison.

Attachment

of Property
Examination of judgmentdebtor as to his property

40. W h e r e a d e c r e e i s f o r t h e p a y m e n t o f m o n e y t h e d e c r e e - h o l d e r m a y a p p l y t o t h e c o u r t for a n o r d e r t h a t (a) t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r ; o r (b) in t h e c a s e of a c o r p o r a t i o n , a n y officer thereof, or (c) any other person, be orally e x a m i n e d as to w h e t h e r any or w h a t debts are o w i n g to the judgment-debtor and whether the judgment-debtor has any and what other property or m e a n s of satisfying the d e c r e e ; and the court m a y m a k e a n o r d e r for the a t t e n d a n c e a n d e x a m i n a t i o n o f s u c h j u d g m e n t debtor, or officer or other p e r s o n , and for the p r o d u c t i o n of a n y b o o k s or documents. 41. W h e r e a d e c r e e d i r e c t s a n i n q u i r y a s t o r e n t or m e s n e or any other matter, the property of the judgment-debtor m a y , before the a m o u n t due from h i m has been ascertained, be attached, as t h e c a s e o f a n o r d i n a r y d e c r e e for t h e p a y m e n t o f m o n e y .

Attachment in case of decree for rent or masne profit or other matter amount of which to be subsequently determine Attachment of movable property, other than agriculture produce in possession of judgmentdebtor Attachment of agriculture produce

42. W h e r e t h e p r o p e r t y t o b e a t t a c h e d i s m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y , o t h e r than agricultural produce, in the possession of the judgment-debtor, the attachment shall be m a d e by actual seizure, a n d the attaching officer shall k e e p the property in his o w n custody or in the custody of o n e o f h i s s u b o r d i n a t e s , a n d s h a l l b e r e s p o n s i b l e f o r t h e d u e c u s t o d y thereof: Provided that, w h e n the property seized is subject to speedy and natural decay, or w h e n the expense of k e e p i n g it in custody is likely t o e x c e e d its v a l u e , t h e a t t a c h i n g o f f i c e r m a y sell i t a t o n c e .

4 3 . W h e r e the property to be attached is agricultural produce, the a t t a c h m e n t s h a l l b e m a d e b y a f f i x i n g a c o p y o f t h e w a r r a n t o f attach ment(a) w h e r e s u c h p r o d u c e i s a g r o w i n g c r o p , o n t h e l a n d o n w h i c h such crop has grown, or ( b ) w h e r e s u c h p r o d u c e has b e e n cut o r gathered, o n t h e place i n w h i c h it is d e p o s i t e d ,

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and another copy on the outer door or some, other conspicuous part of the h o u s e in w h i c h the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r ordinarily resides or, w i t h the leave of the court, on the outer door or on some other conspicuous part of the house in w h i c h he carries on business or personally works for g a i n or in w h i c h he is k n o w n to h a v e last r e s i d e d or carried on b u s i n e s s o r p e r s o n a l l y w o r k e d for g a i n ; a n d t h e p r o d u c e shall there u p o n b e d e e m e d t o h a v e p a s s e d i n t o t h e p o s s e s s i o n of, t h e c o u r t .
Provisions as to agricultural produce under attachment

44.-(l) W h e r e agricultural produce is attached, the Court shall m a k e s u c h a r r a n g e m e n t s for t h e c u s t o d y t h e r e o f a s i t m a y d e e m sufficient and, for the p u r p o s e of e n a b l i n g the c o u r t to m a k e s u c h a r r a n g e m e n t s , e v e r y application for the a t t a c h m e n t of a g r o w i n g c r o p s h a l l s p e c i f y t h e t i m e a t w h i c h i t i s l i k e l y t o b e fit t o b e c u t o r g a t h e r e d . (2) Subject to s u c h c o n d i t i o n s as m a y be i m p o s e d by the ~ court in this behalf either in the order of attachment or in any subsequent order, the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r m a y tend, cut, gather and store the p r o d u c e a n d d o a n y o t h e r act n e c e s s a r y for m a t u r i n g o r p r e s e r v i n g i t ; a n d i f t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r fails t o d o all o r a n y o f s u c h a c t s t h e d e c r e e holder m a y , with the permission of the court and subject to the like c o n d i t i o n s , d o all o r a n y o f t h e m e i t h e r b y h i m s e l f o r b y a n y p e r s o n a p p o i n t e d b y h i m i n this behalf, a n d the costs i n c u r r e d b y the d e c r e e h o l d e r shall be recoverable from the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r as if they w e r e i n c l u d e d i n , o r f o r m e d p a r t of, t h e d e c r e e . (3) Agricultural p r o d u c e attached as a g r o w i n g crop shall not be deemed to have ceased to be under attachment or to require rea t t a c h m e n t m e r e l y b e c a u s e i t h a s b e e n s e v e r e d f r o m t h e soil. ( 4 ) W h e r e a n o r d e r for t h e a t t a c h m e n t o f a g r o w i n g c r o p h a s b e e n m a d e a t a c o n s i d e r a b l e t i m e b e f o r e t h e c r o p i s l i k e l y t o b e fit t o b e c u t o r g a t h e r e d , t h e c o u r t m a y s u s p e n d t h e e x e c u t i o n o f t h e o r d e r for s u c h t i m e a s i t t h i n k s fit, a n d m a y , i n its d i s c r e t i o n , m a k e a f u r t h e r order prohibiting the removal of the crop pending the execution of the order of attachment. ( 5 ) A g r o w i n g c r o p w h i c h f r o m its n a t u r e d o e s n o t a d m i t o f b e i n g stored shall n o t be attached u n d e r this rule at any t i m e less t h a n t w e n t y d a y s b e f o r e t h e t i m e a t w h i c h i t i s l i k e l y t o b e fit t o b e c u t o r g a t h e r e d .

Attachment of debt share and other property not in possession of judgmentdebtor

4 5 . - ( 1 ) In t h e

c a s e of-

(a) a d e b t n o t s e c u r e d by a n e g o t i a b l e i n s t r u m e n t ; (b) a s h a r e in t h e c a p i t a l of a c o r p o r a t i o n ; (c) o t h e r m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y n o t i n t h e p o s s e s s i o n o f t h e j u d g m e n t d e b t o r , e x c e p t p r o p e r t y d e p o s i t e d i n , o r i n t h e c u s t o d y of, a n y court, the attachment shall be m a d e by a written order prohibiting-

(i) i n t h e c a s e o f t h e d e b t , t h e c r e d i t o r f r o m r e c o v e r i n g t h e d e b t and the debtor from m a k i n g p a y m e n t thereof until the further order of the court; (ii) i n t h e c a s e o f t h e s h a r e , t h e p e r s o n i n w h o s e n a m e t h e s h a r e m a y be standing from transferring the same or receiving any dividend thereon;

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(iii) in the case of t h e other m o v a b l e property e x c e p t of aforesaid, the person in possession of the same from giving it over to the judgment-debtor. ( 2 ) A c o p y o f s u c h o r d e r s h a l l b e f i x e d o n s o m e c o n s p i c u o u s p a r t of, t h e c o u r t - h o u s e , a n d a n o t h e r copy shall be sent in the c a s e of t h e debt, to the debtor, in the case of the share, to the p r o p e r officer of the 1 corporation, and, in the case of the other m o v a b l e property (except: as aforesaid), to the person in possession of the same. (3) A d e b t o r p r o h i b i t e d u n d e r c l a u s e (1) of s u b - r u l e (1) m a y p a y t h e a m o u n t of his debt into court, and such p a y m e n t shall discharge h i m as effectually as p a y m e n t to the party entitled to receive the same. 46. W h e r e the property to be attached consists of the share or interest of the judgment-debtor in movable property belonging to h i m and another as c o - o w n e r s , the a t t a c h m e n t shall be m a d e o y a notice to the judgment-debtor prohibiting h i m from transferring the share or interest or charging it in any way. 47.-(l) W h e r e the property to be attached is the salary of an e m p l o y e e , the court m a y order that the a m o u n t shall be w i t h h e l d from such salary either in one p a y m e n t or by monthly installments as the court m a y direct; and, u p o n notice of the order to the employer of the said e m p l o y e e , or in the case of G o v e r n m e n t servant to the p a y i n g authority, the employer or the paying authority or other person w h o s e duty it is to disburse such salary, as the case m a y b e , shall w i t h h o l d and remit to the court the a m o u n t due under the said order, or the monthly installments, as the case m a y b e . (2) A n order attaching the salary o f a n e m p l o y e e m a y b e m a d e b y the court whether the employee or the employer or the paying authority or other person, as the case m a y be, is or is n o t within the local limits of the court's jurisdiction. (3) W h e r e t h e a t t a c h a b l e p r o p o r t i o n o f s u c h salary i s already b e i n g w i t h h e l d and remitted to a court in p u r s u a n c e of a p r e v i o u s and unsatisfied o r d e r of attachment, the e m p l o y e r or, in the case of a G o v e r n m e n t servant, the p a y i n g authority shall forthwith return the s u b s e q u e n t o r d e r t o t h e c o u r t i s s u i n g i t w i t h a full s t a t e m e n t o f all the particulars of the existing attachment. (4) F o r t h e p u r p o s e s o f t h i s r u l e "paying authority'' m e a n s the Assistant Paymaster-General or such other officer a s m a y b e a p p o i n t e d a s p a y i n g a u t h o r i t y for a n y G o v e r n m e n t servant or any particular class of G o v e r n m e n t servant; ''employee'' includes a G o v e r n m e n t servant and any person in the service of the East African C o m m o n Services Organization or any of the services of that Organization; ''employer includes the Government and the, East African C o m m o n Services Organization or any of the services of that Organization. 48.-(1) Save as otherwise p r o v i d e d by this rule, property b e l o n g i n g to a p a r t n e r s h i p shall riot be attached or sold in e x e c u t i o n of a decree other than a decree passed against the firm or against the partners in t h e firm a s s u c h .
8 Attachment of partnership property Attachment of salary Attachment of share in movable

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(2) T h e court m a y , on the application of the h o l d e r of a decree against a partner, m a k e an order charging the interest of such partner in the partnership property and profits with p a y m e n t of the a m o u n t due under the decree, and m a y , by the same or a subsequent order, appoint a receiver of the share of such- partner in the profits (whether, already declared or accruing) and of any other m o n e y which m a y be coming to h i m in respect of the partnership, and direct accounts and inquiries a n d m a k e an o r d e r for the sale of s u c h interest or o t h e r o r d e r as m i g h t have been directed or m a d e if a charge had been m a d e in favour of the decree-holder by such partner, or as the circumstances of the case m a y require. ( 3 ) T h e o t h e r p a r t n e r o r p a r t n e r s shall b e a t l i b e r t y a t a n y t i m e t o r e d e e m the interest c h a r g e d or, in the case of a sale b e i n g directed, to purchase the same. (4) E v e r y a p p l i c a t i o n for a n o r d e r u n d e r s u b - r u l e (2) shall b e s e r v e d on the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r and on his partners or such of t h e m as are within Tanzania. (5) E v e r y application m a d e by any partner of the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r u n d e r s u b - r u l e ( 3 ) shall b e s e r v e d o n t h e d e c r e e - h o l d e r a n d o n t h e judgment-debtor, and on such of the other partners as do not join in the application and as are w i t h i n Tanzania. (6) S e r v i c e u n d e r sub-rule (4) or sub-rule (5) shall be d e e m e d to be s e r v i c e o n all t h e p a r t n e r s , a n d all o r d e r s m a d e o n s u c h a p p l i c a t i o n s shall b e s i m i l a r l y s e r v e d . Execution of decree against firm 49.-(1) W h e r e a d e c r e e h a s b e e n p a s s e d a g a i n s t a f i r m , e x e c u t i o n may be granted(a) a g a i n s t a n y p r o p e r t y o f t h e p a r t n e r s h i p ; (b) against any p e r s o n w h o h a s appeared i n his o w n n a m e u n d e r rule 6 or rule 7 of Order X X I X or w h o has admitted on the p l e a d i n g s that he is, or w h o h a s b e e n adjudged to b e , a p a r t n e r ; (c) against any p e r s o n w h o h a s b e e n individually served as a partner with a s u m m o n s and has failed to appear: P r o v i d e d that nothing in this sub-rule shall be d e e m e d to limit or o t h e r w i s e affect t h e p r o v i s i o n s o f s e c t i o n 2 4 7 o f t h e I n d i a n C o n t r a c t Act, 1872 as formerly applied to Tanganyika and saved by section 2 2 8 of the L a w o f Contract Ordinance. (2) W h e r e the decree-holder claims to be entitled to cause the decree to be executed against any person other than such a person as is r e f e r r e d to in s u b - r u l e (1), c l a u s e s (b) a n d (c), as b e i n g a p a r t n e r in t h e firm, h e m a y apply t o t h e c o u r t w h i c h p a s s e d t h e d e c r e e for leave, a n d w h e r e the liability is n o t disputed, such court m a y grant such l e a v e , or, w h e r e s u c h liability i s d i s p u t e d , m a y o r d e r t h a t t h e liability of such person be tried and determined in any m a n n e r in w h i c h any i s s u e in a suit m a y b e t r i e d a n d d e t e r m i n e d . (3) W h e r e the liability of any p e r s o n h a s b e e n tried and d e t e r m i n e d u n d e r sub-rule (2), the order m a d e t h e r e o n shall h a v e , the s a m e force and be subject to the same, conditions as to appeal or otherwise as if it w e r e a d e c r e e .

C a p . 4 3 3

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(4) Save as against any p r o p e r t y of the p a r t n e r s h i p a decree against a firm shall n o t release, r e n d e r liable or o t h e r w i s e affect any partner therein unless he has been served with a s u m m o n s to appear and answer. 50. W h e r e p r o p e r t y is a n e g o t i a b l e i n s t r u m e n t n o t d e p o s i t e d in a c o u r t , n o r i n t h e c u s t o d y o f a p u b l i c officer, t h e a t t a c h m e n t s h a l l b e m a d e by actual seizure , and the instrument shall be b r o u g h t into court and held subject to further orders of the court. 51. W h e r e the property to be attached is in the custody of any c o u r t or p u b l i c officer, t h e a t t a c h m e n t shall be m a d e by a n o t i c e to s u c h c o u r t o r officer, r e q u e s t i n g t h a t s u c h p r o p e r t y , a n d a n y i n t e r e s t or dividend b e c o m i n g payable thereon, m a y be held subject to the further orders of the court from w h i c h the notice is issued: P r o v i d e d that, w h e r e such property is in the custody of a court, any q u e s t i o n o f title o r priority a r i s i n g b e t w e e n t h e d e c r e e - h o l d e r a n d any other person, not being the judgment-debtor, claiming to be interested in such property by virtue of any assignment, attachment or o t h e r w i s e , shall b e d e t e r m i n e d b y s u c h c o u r t . 52.- (1) W h e r e t h e p r o p e r t y t o b e a t t a c h e d i s a d e c r e e , e i t h e r f o r the p a y m e n t of m o n e y or for sale in enforcement of a m o r t g a g e or c h a r g e , t h e a t t a c h m e n t shall b e m a d e (a) i f the d e c r e e s w e r e p a s s e d b y t h e s a m e court, t h e n b y o r d e r o f such court, and (b) if the decree sought to be attached w a s passed by another court, then by the issue to such other court of a notice by the court w h i c h passed the decree sought to be executed, requesting such o t h e r c o u r t t o , stay t h e e x e c u t i o n o f its d e c r e e u n l e s s a n d u n t i l (i) t h e c o u r t w h i c h p a s s e d t h e d e c r e e s o u g h t t o b e e x e c u t e d cancels the notice, or (ii) t h e h o l d e r o f t h e d e c r e e s o u g h t t o b e e x e c u t e d o r h i s j u d g ment-debtor applies to the court receiving such notice to e x e c u t e its o w n d e c r e e . (2) W h e r e a c o u r t m a k e s an o r d e r u n d e r clause (a) of sub-rule (1), o r r e c e i v e s a n a p p l i c a t i o n u n d e r s u b - h e a d (ii) o f c l a u s e (b) o f t h e said sub-rule, it shall, on the application of the creditor w h o has attached the decree or his judgment-debtor, proceed to execute the attached decree and apply the net proceeds in satisfaction of the decree sought to be executed. (3) T h e h o l d e r of a d e c r e e sought to be e x e c u t e d by the a t t a c h m e n t of another decree of the nature specified in sub-rule (1) shall be d e e m e d t o b e t h e representative o f the h o l d e r o f t h e a t t a c h e d d e c r e e a n d t o b e entitled t o e x e c u t e s u c h a t t a c h e d d e c r e e i n any m a n n e r lawful for t h e holder thereof (4) W h e r e t h e p r o p e r t y to be a t t a c h e d in t h e e x e c u t i o n of a d e c r e e is a decree other than a decree of the nature referred to in sub-rule (1), t h e a t t a c h m e n t shall b e m a d e b y a n o t i c e b y t h e c o u r t w h i c h p a s s e d the decree sought to be executed, to the h o l d e r of the decree sought to
Attachment of negotiable instruments Attachment of property in custody of court or public officer

Attachment of decrees

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be attached, prohibiting h i m from transferring or charging the same in any w a y ; and, w h e r e s u c h d e c r e e h a s b e e n p a s s e d b y any o t h e r court, also by s e n d i n g to s u c h o t h e r c o u r t a notice to a b s t a i n f r o m e x e c u t i n g the decree sought to be attached until such notice is cancelled by the c o u r t f r o m w h i c h i t w a s sent. (5) T h e h o l d e r o f a d e c r e e a t t a c h e d u n d e r this r u l e shall g i v e t h e court executing the decree such information and aid as may reasonably be required. (6) On the application of the h o l d e r of a decree sought to be e x e c u t e d by the attachment of another decree, the court m a k i n g an order of a t t a c h m e n t u n d e r this rule shall give notice of such order to the judgment-debtor bound by the decree attached; and no p a y m e n t or adjustment of the attached decree m a d e by the judgment-debtor in c o n t r a v e n t i o n o f s u c h o r d e r after r e c e i p t o f n o t i c e t h e r e o f , e i t h e r t h r o u g h the court or otherwise, shall be r e c o g n i z e d by any court so long as the attachment remains in force.

Attachment immovable property

53.- ( 1 ) W h e r e t h e p r o p e r t y i s i m m o v a b l e , t h e a t t a c h m e n t shall b e m a d e by an order prohibiting the judgment-debtor from transferring o r c h a r g i n g t h e p r o p e r t y i n a n y w a y , a n d all p e r s o n s f r o m t a k i n g a n y benefit from such transfer or charge. (2) T h e order shall be p r o c l a i m e d at s o m e place on or adjacent to s u c h p r o p e r t y b y such m e a n s a s are u s e d locally t o m a k e p u b l i c p r o n o u n c e m e n t s and a copy of the order shall be fixed on a c o n s p i c u o u s part of the property and t h e n u p o n a c o n s p i c u o u s part of the court-house.

Removal
o

54. W h e r e ( a ) t h e a m o u n t d e c r e e d w i t h c o s t s a n d all c h a r g e s resulting from the attachment of any property court; or and expenses are p a i d into

at tachments after satis faction of decree

(b) s a t i s f a c t i o n o f t h e d e c r e e i s o t h e r w i s e m a d e t h r o u g h t h e c o u r t o r certified to the court; or (c) t h e d e c r e e is set aside or r e v e r s e d , the attachment shall be d e e m e d to be w i t h d r a w n , and, in the, case of i m m o v a b l e property, the withdrawal shall, if the judgment-debtor so desires, be proclaimed at his expense, and a copy of the proclamation s h a l l b e a f f i x e d i n t h e m a n n e r p r e s c r i b e d b y t h e last p r e c e d i n g r u l e .
Order for payment of coin or currency notes to party entitled under decree

55. W h e r e t h e p r o p e r t y a t t a c h e d i s c u r r e n t c o i n o r c u r r e n c y n o t e s , t h e court m a y , at any time during the continuance of the attachment direct t h a t s u c h c o i n or n o t e s , or a p a r t t h e r e o f sufficient to satisfy the d e c r e e , be paid over to the party entitled under the decree to receive the same.

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Determina tion of attachment

5 6 . W h e r e any p r o p e r t y h a s b e e n a t t a c h e d i n e x e c u t i o n o f a d e c r e e , but by reason of the decree-holder's default the court is unable to p r o c e e d further with the application. for execution, it shall either dismiss the application or for any sufficient r e a s o n adjourn the p r o c e e d i n g s to a future date. U p o n the dismissal of such application the a t t a c h m e n t shall cease. Investigation of Claims and Objections 5 7 . - ( 1 ) W h e r e a n y c l a i m i s p r e f e r r e d t o , o r any o b j e c t i o n i s m a d e t o t h e a t t a c h m e n t of, a n y p r o p e r t y a t t a c h e d i n e x e c u t i o n o f a d e c r e e o n t h e g r o u n d t h a t s u c h p r o p e r t y i s n o t liable t o s u c h a t t a c h m e n t , t h e c o u r t shall p r o c e e d t o i n v e s t i g a t e t h e c l a i m o r o b j e c t i o n w i t h t h e like p o w e r as regards the examination of the claimant or objector and in all o t h e r r e s p e c t s , a s i f h e w a s a p a r t y t o t h e suit: P r o v i d e d that no such investigation shall be m a d e w h e r e the court considers that the claim or objection w a s designedly or unnecessarily delayed. (2) W h e r e t h e p r o p e r t y t o w h i c h t h e c l a i m o r o b j e c t i o n a p p l i e s h a s b e e n advertised for sale, the c o u r t o r d e r i n g t h e sale m a y p o s t p o n e it pending the investigation of the claim or objection. 58. T h e c l a i m a n t o r o b j e c t o r m u s t a d d u c e e v i d e n c e t o s h o w t h a t a t t h e d a t e o f t h e a t t a c h m e n t h e h a d s o m e i n t e r e s t i n , o r w a s p o s s e s s e d of, t h e property attached. 5 9 . W h e r e u p o n t h e s a i d i n v e s t i g a t i o n t h e c o u r t i s satisfied t h a t for the reason stated in the claim or objection such property w a s not, w h e n attached, in the possession of the judgment-debtor or of some person in trust for h i m , or in the o c c u p a n c y of a t e n a n t or other p e r s o n p a y i n g rent to h i m , or that, being in the possession of the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r at such time, it w a s so in his possession, not on his o w n account or as his o w n property, b u t on a c c o u n t of or in trust for s o m e other person, or partly on his o w n account and partly on account of s o m e other person, the court shall m a k e an order releasing the property, w h o l l y or to such e x t e n t a s i t t h i n k s fit, f r o m a t t a c h m e n t . 6 0 . W h e r e t h e c o u r t i s satisfied t h a t t h e p r o p e r t y w a s a t t h e t i m e i t w a s attached, in the possession of the judgment-debtor as his o w n property and not on account of any other person, or w a s in the p o s s e s s i o n o f s o m e o t h e r p e r s o n i n trust for h i m , o r i n t h e o c c u p a n c y of a tenant or other person p a y i n g rent to h i m , the court shall disallow the claim. 61. W h e r e the court is satisfied that the property is subject to a mortgage or charge in favour of some person not in possession, and t h i n k s fit t o c o n t i n u e t h e a t t a c h m e n t , i t m a y d o s o , s u b j e c t t o s u c h mortgage or charge.

Investiga tion of claims to and objections to attachment of, attached property

Postpone ment of sale Evidence to be adduce by claimant Release of property from attachment

Dis allowance of claim to property attached

Continuance of attachment subject to claim of incumbrancer Saving of suits to establish right to attached property

62. W h e r e a claim or an objection is preferred, the party against w h o m an o r d e r is m a d e m a y institute a suit to establish t h e right w h i c h he, claims to the property in dispute, but, subject to the result of such suit, i f a n y , t h e o r d e r shall b e c o n c l u s i v e .

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Generally

Power to order property attached to be sold and proceeds to be paid to person entitled Sales by whom conducted and how made Proclama tion of sales by public auction

63. A n y c o u r t e x e c u t i n g a d e c r e e m a y o r d e r t h a t a n y p r o p e r t y a t t a c h e d by it a n d liable to sale, or s u c h p o r t i o n thereof as m a y s e e m necessary to satisfy t h e decree, shall be sold, a n d that the p r o c e e d s of s u c h sale, or a sufficient p o r t i o n thereof, shall be p a i d to t h e party entitled u n d e r the decree to receive the same.

64. S a v e as o t h e r w i s e prescribed, every sale in e x e c u t i o n of a d e c r e e shall b e c o n d u c t e d b y a n officer o f t h e c o u r t o r b y s u c h o t h e r p e r s o n a s the c o u r t m a y a p p o i n t i n this behalf, a n d shall b e m a d e b y p u b l i c auction in m a n n e r prescribed. 65.- (1) W h e r e any p r o p e r t y is o r d e r e d to be sold by p u b l i c a u c t i o n in e x e c u t i o n of a d e c r e e , t h e c o u r t shall c a u s e a p r o c l a m a t i o n of t h e intended sale to be m a d e in the l a n g u a g e of such court. (2) S u c h p r o c l a m a t i o n shall b e d r a w n u p after n o t i c e t o t h e d e c r e e h o l d e r a n d t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r a n d shall state t h e t i m e a n d p l a c e o f s a l e , a n d s p e c i f y a s fairly a n d a c c u r a t e l y a s p o s s i b l e (a) t h e p r o p e r t y t o b e s o l d ; (b) t h e r e n t (if a n y ) p a y a b l e i n r e s p e c t o f the property;

(c) any i n c u m b r a n c e t o w h i c h t h e p r o p e r t y i s l i a b l e ; (d) t h e a m o u n t for t h e r e c o v e r y o f w h i c h t h e sale i s o r d e r e d ; ( e ) e v e r y o t h e r t h i n g w h i c h t h e c o u r t c o n s i d e r s m a t e r i a l for a purchaser to k n o w in order to judge of the nature and value of the property. (3) E v e r y a p p l i c a t i o n for a n o r d e r for sale u n d e r this r u l e shall b e a c c o m p a n i e d by a statement signed and verified in the m a n n e r herein before p r e s c r i b e d for the s i g n i n g a n d verification of p l e a d i n g s a n d c o n t a i n i n g , s o far a s t h e y a r e k n o w n t o o r c a n b e a s c e r t a i n e d b y t h e p e r s o n m a k i n g the verification, the m a t t e r s r e q u i r e d by sub-rule (2) to be specified in the proclamation. (4) F o r t h e p u r p o s e of ascertaining t h e m a t t e r s to be specified in the proclamation, the court m a y s u m m o n any person w h o m it thinks necessary to s u m m o n and m a y examine him in respect to any such m a t t e r s a n d r e q u i r e h i m t o p r o d u c e any d o c u m e n t i n h i s p o s s e s s i o n o r p o w e r relating thereto.
Mode of making proclamation

66.-(1) E v e r y p r o c l a m a t i o n shall b e m a d e a n d p u b l i s h e d , a s n e a r l y as m a y b e , in the m a n n e r prescribed by rule 5 3 , sub-rule ( 2 ) . (2) W h e r e the court so directs, such p r o c l a m a t i o n shall also be p u b l i s h e d i n t h e Gazette o r i n a l o c a l n e w s p a p e r , o r i n b o t h , a n d t h e costs of such publication shall be d e e m e d to be costs of the sale. (3) W h e r e property is divided into lots for the p u r p o s e of b e i n g sold s e p a r a t e l y , i t s h a l l n o t b e n e c e s s a r y t o m a k e a s e p a r a t e p r o c l a m a t i o n for e a c h lot, u n l e s s p r o p e r n o t i c e o f t h e sale c a n n o t i n t h e o p i n i o n o f t h e c o u r t , o t h e r w i s e b e given.

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67. Save in the case of property of the kind described in the proviso to rule 4 2 , no sale h e r e u n d e r shall, w i t h o u t the c o n s e n t in writing of the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r , t a k e p l a c e u n t i l after t h e e x p i r a t i o n o f a t least t h i r t y d a y s i n t h e c a s e o f i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y , a n d o f a t l e a s t fifteen d a y s i n the case of m o v a b l e property, calculated from the date on w h i c h the c o p y of the p r o c l a m a t i o n h a s b e e n affixed on the court-house of the J u d g e o r m a g i s t r a t e o r d e r i n g t h e sale. 6 8 . - ( l ) T h e c o u r t m a y , i n its d i s c r e t i o n , a d j o u r n a n y s a l e h e r e u n d e r to a specified d a y a n d h o u r , a n d the officer c o n d u c t i n g any s u c h m a y i n h i s d i s c r e t i o n a d j o u r n t h e s a l e , r e c o r d i n g h i s r e a s o n for s u c h adjournment: P r o v i d e d t h a t , w h e r e t h e s a l e i s m a d e i n , o r w i t h i n t h e p r e c i n c t s of, t h e c o u r t - h o u s e , n o s u c h a d j o u r n m e n t shall b e m a d e w i t h o u t t h e l e a v e of the court. (2) W h e r e a sale is a d j o u r n e d , u n d e r s u b - r u l e (1) for a l o n g e r p e r i o d t h a n s e v e n d a y s , a fresh p r o c l a m a t i o n u n d e r rule 66 shall be m a d e u n l e s s t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r c o n s e n t s t o w a i v e it. ( 3 ) E v e r y sale s h a l l b e s t o p p e d if, b e f o r e t h e lot i s k n o c k e d d o w n , t h e d e b t a n d c o s t s ( i n c l u d i n g t h e costs o f t h e sale) are r e n d e r e d t o t h e officer c o n d u c t i n g the sale, or p r o o f is g i v e n to h i s satisfaction that the amount of such debt and costs h a s b e e n paid into the court w h i c h ordered the sale. 69. A n y d e f i c i e n c y o f p r i c e w h i c h m a y h a p p e n o n a r e - s a l e b y r e a s o n o f t h e p u r c h a s e r ' s d e f a u l t , a n d all e x p e n s e s a t t e n d i n g s u c h r e - s a l e , shall b e certified t o t h e c o u r t b y t h e officer o r o t h e r p e r s o n h o l d i n g t h e sale, a n d shall, a t t h e i n s t a n c e o f either t h e d e c r e e - h o l d e r or the judgment-debtor, be recoverable from the defaulting purchaser u n d e r the provisions relating to the execution of a decree for the p a y m e n t of money. 70.- (1) No h o l d e r of a decree in execution of w h i c h property is sold shall, w i t h o u t the e x p r e s s p e r m i s s i o n of the court, b i d for or purchase the property.

Time of sale

Adjourn ment or stoppage of sale

Defaulting purchaser answerable for loss on re-sale

(2) W h e r e a decree-holder p u r c h a s e s w i t h such p e r m i s s i o n , the purchase-money and the a m o u n t due on the decree m a y , subject to the p r o v i s i o n s of, s e c t i o n 5 4 , be set off against o n e another, a n d t h e c o u r t executing the decree shall enter up satisfaction of the decree in w h o l e or in part accordingly. (3) W h e r e a d e c r e e - h o l d e r , p u r c h a s e s , b y h i m s e l f o r t h r o u g h a n o t h e r p e r s o n , w i t h o u t s u c h p e r m i s s i o n , t h e c o u r t m a y , i f i t t h i n k s fit, o n t h e application of the judgment-debtor or any other person w h o s e interests are affected by the sale, by order set aside the sale; and the costs of such application and order, and any deficiency of price w h i c h m a y h a p p e n o n t h e r e - s a l e a n d all e x p e n s e s a t t e n d i n g it, s h a l l b e p a i d b y t h e decree-holder.

Decreeholder not to bid for or buy property without permission Where decreeholder purchases amount of decree may be taken as payment

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7 1 . N o officer o r other p e r s o n h a v i n g any duty t o p e r f o r m i n c o n n e c t i o n w i t h a n y s a l e s h a l l , e i t h e r d i r e c t l y o r i n d i r e c t l y , b i d for, acquire or attempt to acquire any interest in the property sold. Sale of Movable Property

Sale of agricultural produce

72.-(1) W h e r e t h e p r o p e r t y t o b e s o l d i s a g r i c u l t u r a l p r o d u c e , t h e sale shall, s a v e a s o t h e r w i s e p r o v i d e d b y a n y l a w for t h e t i m e b e i n g i n force, be held(a) if s u c h p r o d u c e is a g r o w i n g c r o p , on or n e a r the land on w h i c h such crop has grown; or (b) if such p r o d u c e h a s b e e n cut or gathered, at or n e a r the place in w h i c h it is deposited: P r o v i d e d that the court m a y direct the sale to be held at the n e a r e s t place of public resort, if it is of opinion that the produce is thereby likely t o sell t o g r e a t e r a d v a n t a g e . (2) W h e r e , o n t h e p r o d u c e b e i n g p u t u p for sale(a) a fair p r i c e , in t h e e s t i m a t i o n of t h e p e r s o n h o l d i n g t h e s a l e , is n o t o f f e r e d f o r it; a n d (b) t h e o w n e r o f t h e p r o d u c e o r a p e r s o n a u t h o r i z e d t o a c t i n h i s b e h a l f a p p l i e s t o h a v e t h e s a l e p o s t p o n e d till t h e n e x t d a y o r , if a m a r k e t is held at the place of sale, the n e x t market-day, t h e sale shall b e p o s t p o n e d a c c o r d i n g l y a n d shall b e t h e n c o m p l e t e d , w h a t e v e r p r i c e m a y b e offered for t h e p r o d u c e .

Special provisions relating to growing crops

73.- (1) W h e r e the property to be sold is a g r o w i n g crop and the crop f r o m its n a t u r e a d m i t s o f b e i n g s t o r e d b u t h a s n o t y e t b e e n s t o r e d , t h e day o f t h e sale shall b e s o f i x e d a s t o a d m i t o f its b e i n g m a d e r e a d y for s t o r i n g b e f o r e t h e a r r i v a l o f s u c h d a y , a n d t h e s a l e s h a l l n o t b e h e l d u n t i l t h e c r o p h a s b e e n c u t o r g a t h e r e d a n d i s r e a d y for s t o r i n g . ( 2 ) W h e r e t h e c r o p f r o m its n a t u r e d o e s n o t a d m i t o f b e i n g s t o r e d , it m a y be sold before it is cut and gathered and the purchaser shall b e e n t i t l e d t o e n t e r o n t h e l a n d , a n d t o d o all t h a t i s n e c e s s a r y for t h e p u r p o s e o f t e n d i n g a n d c u t t i n g o r g a t h e r i n g it.

Negotiable instruments and shares in corpo rations Sale by public auction

74. W h e r e the property to be sold is a negotiable i n s t r u m e n t or a share in a corporation, the court m a y , instead of directing the sale to be m a d e by public auction, authorize the sale of such i n s t r u m e n t or share through a broker. 75.-(l) W h e r e i m o v a b l e , property is sold by public auction the price o f e a c h l o t s h a l l b e p a i d a t t h e t i m e o f s a l e o r a s s o o n after a s t h e o f f i c e r or other p e r s o n h o l d i n g the sale directs, and in default of p a y m e n t the property shall forthwith be re-sold. ( 2 ) O n p a y m e n t o f t h e p u r c h a s e - m o n e y , t h e officer o r o t h e r p e r s o n h o l d i n g t h e s a l e s h a l l g r a n t a r e c e i p t for t h e s a m e a n d t h e s a l e s h a l l b e c o m e absolute.

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(3) W h e r e the m o v a b l e property to be sold in a share in g o o d s belonging to the judgment-debtor and a co-owner, and two or more persons, of w h o m one is such co-owner, respectively, bid the same sum f o r s u c h p r o p e r t y o r f o r a n y lot, t h e b i d d i n g s h a l l b e d e e m e d t o b e t h e bidding of the co-owner. 76. No irregularity in publishing or conducting the sale of m o v a b l e property shall vitiate the sale; b u t a n y p e r s o n sustaining a n y injury by reason of such irregularity at the h a n d of any other person m a y i n s t i t u t e a s u i t a g a i n s t h i m f o r c o m p e n s a t i o n o r (if s u c h o t h e r p e r s o n i s t h e p u r c h a s e r ) f o r t h e r e c o v e r y o f t h e s p e c i f i c p r o p e r t y a n d for c o m pensation in default of such recovery. 77.-(1) W h e r e t h e p r o p e r t y sold i s m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y o f w h i c h actual seizure h a s b e e n m a d e , i t shall b e d e l i v e r e d t o t h e p u r c h a s e r . (2) W h e r e t h e p r o p e r t y sold of some person other than the the purchaser shall be m a d e by prohibiting him from delivering except the purchaser. is movable property in the possession j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r , the delivery t h e r e o f t o giving notice to the person in possession possession of the property to any person
Irregularity not to vitiate sale but any person injured may sue Delivery of movable property, debts and shares

(3) W h e r e t h e p r o p e r t y sold is a d e b t n o t s e c u r e d by a n e g o t i a b l e i n s t r u m e n t or is a share in a corporation, the delivery t h e r e o f shall be m a d e by a written order of the court prohibiting the creditor from receiving the debt or any interest thereon, and the debtor from m a k i n g p a y m e n t thereof to any person except the purchaser, or prohibiting the person in w h o s e n a m e the share m a y be standing from m a k i n g any transfer of the share to any person except the purchaser, or receiving p a y m e n t of any dividend or interest thereon, and the manager, secretary or other p r o p e r officer of the corporation from p e r m i t t i n g a n y s u c h transfer or m a k i n g any such p a y m e n t to any person except the purchaser. 78.-(l) W h e r e the execution of a d o c u m e n t or the e n d o r s e m e n t of the party in w h o s e n a m e a negotiable i n s t r u m e n t or a share in a c o r p o r a t i o n i s s t a n d i n g i s r e q u i r e d t o t r a n s f e r s u c h n e g o t i a b l e instru m e n t or share, the J u d g e or magistrate or s u c h officer as he m a y a p p o i n t in this behalf m a y execute such d o c u m e n t or m a k e such endorsement as m a y be necessary, and such execution or endorsement shall have the s a m e effect a s a n e x e c u t i o n o r e n d o r s e m e n t b y t h e p a r t y . (2) S u c h execution or endorsement m a y be in the following form, namely: A . B b y C . D . , J u d g e (or, m a g i s t r a t e ) of. t h e c o u r t o f (or a s t h e c a s e m a y b e ) , i n a suit b y E . F . a g a i n s t A . B (3) U n t i l t h e t r a n s f e r o f s u c h n e g o t i a b l e i n s t r u m e n t o r s h a r e , t h e C o u r t m a y , b y order, a p p o i n t s o m e p e r s o n t o receive any interest o r d i v i d e n d d u e t h e r e o n a n d t o s i g n a r e c e i p t for t h e s a m e ; a n d a n y r e c e i p t s o s i g n e d s h a l l b e a s v a l i d a n d e f f e c t u a l , for all p u r p o s e s a s i f t h e s a m e h a d b e e n s i g n e d b y t h e p a r t y himself.
Transfer of negotiable instrument and shares

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Vesting case of other property

7 9 . I n t h e c a s e o f a n y m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y n o t h e r e i n b e f o r e p r o v i d e d for, the court m a y m a k e a n o r d e r v e s t i n g s u c h p r o p e r t y i n the p u r c h a s e r o r as he m a y direct and such property shall vest accordingly.

Sale
W h a t courts m a y order sales Postponemerit of sale to enable judgmentdebtor to raise a m o u n t of of decree

of

Immovable

Property

80. Sales o f i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y i n e x e c u t i o n , o f d e c r e e s m a y - b e o r d e r e d by any court. 81.-(1) W h e r e a n o r d e r for t h e s a l e o f i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y h a s b e e n m a d e , i f t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r c a n satisfy t h e c o u r t t h a t t h e r e i s reason to believe that, the a m o u n t of the decree m a y be raised by the m o r t g a g e or lease or private sale of s u c h p r o p e r t y , or s o m e part thereof, or of any other i m m o v a b l e property of the judgment-debtor, the court m a y , on his application, p o s t p o n e the sale of the property c o m p r i s e d i n t h e o r d e r for s a l e o n s u c h t e r m s a n d for s u c h p e r i o d a s i t t h i n k s proper, to enable h i m to raise the amount. (2) In such case the c o u r t shall grant a certificate to the j u d g m e n t debtor authorizing h i m within a period to be mentioned therein, and notwithstanding anything contained in section 5 1 , to m a k e the proposed mortgage, lease or sale: P r o v i d e d t h a t all m o n e y s p a y a b l e u n d e r s u c h m o r t g a g e , lease o r sale s h a l l b e p a i d n o t t o t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r , b u t , s a v e i n s o far a s a d e c r e e h o l d e r is entitled to set off s u c h - m o n e y u n d e r the p r o v i s i o n s of rule 7 0 , into court: P r o v i d e d a l s o t h a t n o m o r t g a g e , l e a s e o r s a l e u n d e r t h i s r u l e shall b e c o m e absolute until it has b e e n confirmed by the court. ( 3 ) N o t h i n g i n t h i s r u l e s h a l l b e d e e m e d t o a p p l y t o a sale o f p r o p e r t y directed to be sold in e x e c u t i o n of a d e c r e e for sale in e n f o r c e m e n t of a m o r t g a g e of, or, c h a r g e o n , s u c h p r o p e r t y .

Deposit by purchaser and re-sale on default

82.-(l) On every sale of i m m o v a b l e property the p e r s o n declared t o b e t h e p u r c h a s e r s h a l l p a y i m m e d i a t e l y after s u c h d e c l a r a t i o n a d e p o s i t o f t w e n t y - f i v e per centum o n t h e a m o u n t o f h i s p u r c h a s e - m o n e y to the officer or other p e r s o n c o n d u c t i n g the sale and, in default of s u c h deposit, the property shall forthwith be re-sold. (2) W h e r e the d e c r e e - h o l d e r is t h e p u r c h a s e r a n d is entitled to set-off the p u r c h a s e - m o n e y under rule 7 0 , the court m a y dispense with the requirements of this rule.

T i m e for payment in fun of purchasemoney

83. T h e full a m o u n t o f p u r c h a s e - m o n e y p a y a b l e s h a l l b e p a i d b y t h e p u r c h a s e r into c o u r t before the c o u r t closes on the fifteenth day from the sale of the p r o p e r t y : P r o v i d e d that, in c a l c u l a t i n g t h e a m o u n t to be so p a i d into court, t he p u r c h a s e r shall h a v e the advantage of any set-off to w h i c h he m a y be entitled under rule 70.

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Procedure in default of payment

84. I n d e f a u l t o f p a y m e n t w i t h i n t h e p e r i o d m e n t i o n e d i n t h e l a s t p r e c e d i n g r u l e , t h e d e p o s i t m a y , i f t h e c o u r t t h i n k s fit, after d e f r a y i n g the expenses of the sale, be forfeited to the Government, and property p a y m e n t s h a l l b e r e - s o l d , a n d t h e d e f a u l t i n g p u r c h a s e r s h a l l f o r f e i t all c l a i m to the p r o p e r t y or to any part of the s u m for w h i c h it m a y s u b s e q u e n t l y be sold. 85.- E v e r y r e - s a l e o f i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y d e f a u l t , o f p a y m e n t o f t h e p u r c h a s e - m o n e y within the p e r i o d allowed for s u c h p a y m e n t , shall b e , m a d e after t h e i s s u e o f a f r e s h p r o c l a m a t i o n i n t h e m a n n e r a n d f o r t h e p e r i o d h e r e i n b e f o r e p r e s c r i b e d for t h e sale. 86. W h e r e t h e p r o p e r t y s o l d i s a s h a r e o f u n d i v i d e d i m m o v a b l e property and two or more persons, of w h o m one is a co-sharer, r e s p e c t i v e l y b i d t h e s a m e s u m for s u c h p r o p e r t y o r for a n y l o t , t h e b i d shall b e d e e m e d t o b e t h e b i d o f t h e c o - s h a r e r . 87.-(1) W h e r e i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y h a s b e e n s o l d i n e x e c u t i o n of, a decree, any person, either o w n i n g such property or holding an interest t h e r e i n by virtue of a title a c q u i r e d b e f o r e s u c h sale, m a y a p p l y to h a v e the sale set aside on his d e p o s i t i n g in court(a) for p a y m e n t to the purchaser, a s u m e q u a l to five p e r cent of the purchase-money; and (b) for p a y m e n t to the decree-holder, the a m o u n t specified in the p r o c l a m a t i o n of sale as that for the r e c o v e r y of w h i c h the sale, w a s ordered, less any a m o u n t w h i c h m a y , since the date of such proclamation of sale, have been received by the decree-holder. ( 2 ) W h e r e a p e r s o n a p p l i e s u n d e r r u l e 8 8 t o set a s i d e t h e s a l e o f h i s i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y , he shall not, unless he w i t h d r a w s his application, be entitled to m a k e or prosecute an application u n d e r this rule. (3) N o t h i n g i n t h i s r u l e s h a l l r e l i e v e t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r f r o m a n y liability h e m a y b e u n d e r i n respect o f costs a n d interest n o t . c o v e r e d b y t h e p r o c l a m a t i o n o f sale. 88.-(1) W h e r e a n y i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y h a s b e e n s o l d i n e x e c u t i o n of a decree, the decree-holder, or any p e r s o n entitled to share in rateable d i s t r i b u t i o n o f a s s e t s , o r w h o s e i n t e r e s t s a r e affected b y t h e s a l e , m a y apply to the court to set aside the sale on the g r o u n d of a material irregularity or fraud in p u b l i s h i n g or c o n d u c t i n g it: P r o v i d e d t h a t n o s a l e s h a l l b e s e t a s i d e o n t h e g r o u n d of, i r r e g u l a r i t y or fraud u n l e s s u p o n the facts p r o v e d the court is satisfied that the applicants h a s sustained substantial injury by reason of such irregularity, or fraud. 89. T h e p u r c h a s e r a t a n y s u c h s a l e i n e x e c u t i o n o f a decree m a y

Notification on re-sale

Bid of co-share to have preference Application to set aside sale on deposit

Application to set aside sale on ground of irregularity or fraud

apply to the c o u r t to set aside t h e s a l e , on t h e g r o u n d t h a t t h e j u d g m e n t , d e b t o r h a d n o s a l e a b l e i n t e r e s t i n t h e p r o p e r t y sold.

Application by purchaser to set aside sale on ground of judgmentdebtor having no saleable interest

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90.- ( 1 ) W h e r e n o a p p l i c a t i o n i s m a d e u n d e r r u l e 8 7 , r u l e 8 8 o r rule 89, or w h e r e such application is m a d e and disallowed, the court shall m a k e an order c o n f i r m i n g the sale and t h e r e u p o n the sale shall become absolute: Provided that w h e r e it is provided by any law that a disposition of p r o p e r t y in t h e e x e c u t i o n of a d e c r e e or o r d e r shall n o t h a v e effect or be operative without the approval or consent of some person or authority other t h a n the court, the court shall n o t confirm such disposition u n d e r t h i s r u l e u n l e s s , s u c h a p p r o v a l o r c o n s e n t h a s first b e e n g r a n t e d . (2) W h e r e such application is m a d e and allowed, and w h e r e , in the case of an application under rule 87, the deposit required by that rule is m a d e w i t h i n thirty d a y s from the date of sale, the court shall m a k e an order setting aside the sale: P r o v i d e d that no order shall be m a d e unless notice of the application h a s b e e n g i v e n t o all p e r s o n s affected t h e r e b y . ( 3 ) N o suit t o set a s i d e a n o r d e r m a d e u n d e r t h i s r u l e brought by any person against w h o m such order is m a d e . shall be

R E T U R N OF

p u r c h a s e -

9 1 . W h e r e a sale o f i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y i s set a s i d e u n d e r r u l e 9 0 , t h e p u r c h a s e r s h a l l b e e n t i t l e d t o a n o r d e r for r e p a y m e n t o f h i s p u r c h a s e - m o n e y , with or without interest as the court m a y direct, against any person to w h o m it has been paid. 92. W h e r e a s a l e o f i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y h a s b e c o m e a b s o l u t e , t h e court shall grant a certificate specifying the property sold and the n a m e of the p e r s o n w h o at the t i m e of sale is declared to be the p u r c h a s e r . S u c h certificate shall bear the date a n d the day on w h i c h the sale b e c a m e absolute. 93. W h e r e t h e i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y s o l d i s i n t h e o c c u p a n c y o f t h e judgment-debtor or of some person on his behalf or of some person c l a i m i n g u n d e r a title c r e a t e d b y the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r s u b s e q u e n t l y t o the attachment of such p r o p e r t y and a certificate in respect thereof h a s b e e n granted u n d e r rule 9 2 , the court shall, o n the application o f the purchaser, order delivery to be m a d e by putting such purchaser or any person w h o m he m a y appoint to receive delivery on his behalf in possession of the property, and, if need be, by r e m o v i n g any person w h o refuses to vacate the s a m e . 94. W h e r e t h e p r o p e r t y s o l d i s i n t h e o c c u p a n c y o f a t e n a n t o r o t h e r p e r s o n entitled to o c c u p y the s a m e and a certificate in respect thereof has b e e n granted u n d e r rule 9 2 , the court shall, on the application of the purchaser, order delivery to be m a d e by affixing a c o p y of the certificate of sale in s o m e c o n s p i c u o u s place on the property, a n d p r o c l a i m i n g to the o c c u p a n t by, such m e a n s as are u s e d locally to m a k e public pronouncements that the interest of the judgment-debtor has been transferred to the purchaser.

m o n e y in

certain cases Certificate t o

p u r c h a s e r

Delivery o f u
p r o r t y m p o c c u p a n c y j d u e d b g to m r ent-

d e b t o r

Delivery of property in occupancy of tenant

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of Possession

to

Decree-Holder or Purchaser
Resistance or obstruction to possession immovable property

95.-(1) W h e r e t h e h o l d e r o f a d e c r e e f o r t h e p o s s e s s i o n o f i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y or t h e p u r c h a s e r of any s u c h p r o p e r t y sold in e x e c u t i o n of a decree is resisted or obstructed by any person in obtaining possession of the property, he m a y m a k e an application to the court complaining of such resistance or obstruction. (2) T h e c o u r t shall fix a day for i n v e s t i g a t i n g t h e m a t t e r a n d shall s u m m o n the party against w h o m the application is m a d e to appear and answer the same. 96. W h e r e the court is satisfied that the resistance or obstruction w a s occasioned without any j u s t cause by the judgment-debtor or by S o m e other person at his instigation, it shall direct that the applicant be put i n t o p o s s e s s i o n o f t h e p r o p e r t y , a n d w h e r e t h e a p p l i c a n t i s still r e s i s t e d or obstructed in obtaining possession, the court m a y also, at the instance of the applicant, order the judgment-debtor, or any person acting at his instigation, to be d e t a i n e d as a civil p r i s o n e r for a t e r m w h i c h m a y extend to thirty days. 97. W h e r e t h e c o u r t i s s a t i s f i e d t h a t t h e r e s i s t a n c e o r o b s t r u c t i o n w a s o c c a s i o n e d b y any p e r s o n (other t h a n t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r ) c l a i m i n g i n g o o d faith t o b e i n p o s s e s s i o n o f the property o n his o w n a c c o u n t o r b y on account of some person other than the judgment-debtor, the Court shall m a k e an order dismissing the application. 98.-(l) W h e r e a n y p e r s o n other than the judgment-debtor is dispossessed of i m m o v a b l e property by the holder of a decree for the p o s s e s s i o n of such p r o p e r t y or, w h e r e such p r o p e r t y has b e e n sold in execution of a decree, by the purchaser thereof, he m a y m a k e an application to the court complaining of such dispossession. ( 2 ) T h e c o u r t s h a l l fix a d a y f o r i n v e s t i g a t i n g t h e m a t t e r a n d s h a l l s u m m o n the party against w h o m the application is m a d e to appear and answer the same. 99. W h e r e t h e c o u r t i s s a t i s f i e d t h a t t h e a p p l i c a n t w a s i n p o s s e s s i o n of the property on his o w n account or on account of some person other t h a n the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r , it shall direct that the applicant be put into to possession of the property. 100. N o t h i n g i n r u l e s 9 7 a n d 9 9 s h a l l a p p l y t o r e s i s t a n c e o r o b s t r u c t i o n i n e x e c u t i o n o f a d e c r e e for t h e p o s s e s s i o n o f i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y b y p e r s o n t o w h o m t h e j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r h a s t r a n s f e r r e d t h e p r o p e r t y after the institution of the suit in w h i c h the, decree w a s p a s s e d or to the dispossession of any such person. 101. A n y p a r t y n o t b e i n g a j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r a g a i n s t w h o m a n o r d e r is m a d e u n d e r rule 96, rule 97 or rule 99 m a y institute a suit to establish t h e right w h i c h h e c l a i m s t o t h e p r e s e n t p o s s e s s i o n o f t h e p r o p e r t y ; b u t s u b j e c t t o t h e r e s u l t o f s u c h suit (if a n y ) , t h e o r d e r , shall b e c o n c l u s i v e

Resistance or obstruction by judgmentdebtor

Resistance or obstruction by bona fide claimant Disposses sion by decreeholder or purchaser

Bona fide claiming to be restored to posses sion Rules not applicable to transferee
pendente lite

Orders conclusive subject to regular suit

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ORDER XXII DEATH, MARRIAGE AND INSOLVENCY OF PARTIES

No abatement by party's death if right to sue survives Procedure where one of several plaintiffs or defendants dies and right sue survives Procedure in case of death of one of several plaintiffs or of sole plain tiff

1 . T h e d e a t h of a plaintiff or d e f e n d a n t shall n o t c a u s e the suit to abate if the right to sue survives.

2 . W h e r e t h e r e a r e m o r e plaintiffs o r d e f e n d a n t s t h a n o n e , a n d a n y o f t h e m dies, and w h e r e the right to sue survives to the surviving plaintiff or plaintiffs alone, or against the surviving defendant or defendants alone, the court shall cause an entry to that effect to be m a d e on the record, and the suit shall p r o c e e d at the instance of the surviving plaintiff or plaintiffs, or against the surviving defendant or defendants.

3.-(1) W h e r e o n e o f t w o o r m o r e p l a i n t i f f s d i e s a n d t h e r i g h t t o s u e d o e s n o t survive to the surviving plaintiff or plaintiffs alone, or a sole plaintiff or sole surviving plaintiff dies and the right to sue survives, the court, on an application m a d e in that behalf, shall c a u s e the legal representative of the d e c e a s e d plaintiff to be m a d e a party and shall p r o c e e d w i t h t h e suit. (2) W h e r e within the time limited by law no application is m a d e u n d e r s u b - r u l e ( 1 ) , t h e s u i t s h a l l a b a t e s o far a s t h e d e c e a s e d p l a i n t i f f i s concerned, and, on the application of the defendant, the court m a y award to h i m the costs w h i c h he m a y have incurred in defending the s u i t , t o b e r e c o v e r e d f r o m t h e e s t a t e o f t h e d e c e a s e d plaintiff.

Procedure in case of death of one of several defendants or of

4.-(1) W h e r e one of two or m o r e defendants dies and the right to sue does n o t survive against the surviving defendant or defendants alone, or a sole defendant or sole surviving defendant dies and the right to sue s u r v i v e s , the court, on an application m a d e in t h a t behalf, shall c a u s e the legal representative of the deceased defendant to be m a d e a party sole defendant and shall proceed with the suit. (2) A n y person so m a d e a party m a y m a k e any defence appropriate to his character as legal representative of the deceased defendant. (3) W h e r e within the time limited by l a w no application is m a d e u n d e r s u b - r u l e ( 1 ) , t h e suit s h a l l a b a t e a s a g a i n s t t h e d e c e a s e d d e f e n d a n t .

Determina tion, of question as to legal representa tive No abatement by reason of death after hearing

5. W h e r e a question arises as to w h e t h e r any person is or is not the legal representative of a d e c e a s e d plaintiff or a d e c e a s e d defendant, such q u e s t i o n shall b e d e t e r m i n e d b y t h e c o u r t . 6. Notwithstanding anything contained in the foregoing rules, whether the cause of action survives or not, there shall be no a b a t e m e n t by reason of the death of either party between the conclusion of the hearing and the p r o n o u n c i n g of the j u d g m e n t , but, j u d g m e n t m a y in such c a s e b e p r o n o u n c e d n o t w i t h s t a n d i n g the d e a t h a n d shall h a v e t h e s a m e f o r c e a n d effect a s i f i t h a d b e e n p r o n o u n c e d b e f o r e t h e d e a t h t o o k p l a c e .

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Suit not abated by marriage of female party

7.-(1) T h e m a r r i a g e o f a f e m a l e p l a i n t i f f o r d e f e n d a n t s h a l l n o t c a u s e the suit to abate, but the suit m a y notwithstanding, be proceeded with to j u d g m e n t , and where the decree is against a female defendant, it m a y be executed against her alone. ( 2 ) W h e r e t h e h u s b a n d i s b y l a w l i a b l e for t h e d e b t s o f h i s w i f e , t h e decree m a y , with the permission of the court, be executed against the h u s b a n d a l s o ; a n d , i n c a s e o f j u d g m e n t for t h e w i f e , e x e c u t i o n o f t h e decree may, with such permission, be issued upon the application of the. husband, w h e r e the h u s b a n d is by law entitled to the subject-matter of the decree. 8.-(l) T h e i n s o l v e n c y o f a p l a i n t i f f i n a n y suit w h i c h t h e a s s i g n e e or receiver m i g h t m a i n t a i n for the benefit of his creditors, shall n o t cause the suit to abate, unless such assignee or receiver declines to c o n t i n u e t h e s u i t o r ( u n l e s s for a n y s p e c i a l r e a s o n t h e c o u r t o t h e r w i s e d i r e c t s ) t o g i v e s e c u r i t y for t h e c o s t s t h e r e o f w i t h i n s u c h t i m e a s t h e court m a y direct. (2) W h e r e the assignee or r e c e i v e r n e g l e c t s or refuses to continue the suit and to give such security within the time so ordered, the d e f e n d a n t m a y a p p l y for t h e d i s m i s s a l o f t h e s u i t o n t h e g r o u n d o f t h e plaintiffs insolvency, and the court m a y m a k e an order dismissing the suit and a w a r d i n g to the defendant the costs w h i c h he h a s incurred in d e f e n d i n g the s a m e to be p r o v e d as a d e b t against, the plaintiff's estate. 9.-(1)Where a suit abates or is d i s m i s s e d u n d e r this fresh suit shall be b r o u g h t on the s a m e c a u s e of action. Order, no

When plaintiff's insolvency bars suit

Procedure where assignee fails to continue suit or give security Effect of abatement or dismissal

(2) T h e p l a i n t i f f o r t h e p e r s o n c l a i m i n g t o b e t h e l e g a l r e p r e s e n t a t i v e of a deceased plaintiff or the assignee or the receiver in the case of an i n s o l v e n t p l a i n t i f f m a y a p p l y for a n o r d e r t o s e t a s i d e t h e a b a t e m e n t , o r dismissal; and if it is p r o v e d that he w a s p r e v e n t e d by any sufficient c a u s e from c o n t i n u i n g the suit, t h e c o u r t shall set aside t h e a b a t e m e n t o r d i s m i s s a l u p o n s u c h t e r m s a s t o c o s t s o r o t h e r w i s e a s i t t h i n k s fit. (3) T h e provisions of section 5 of the Indian Limitation Act, 1908, shall a p p l y t o a p p l i c a t i o n s u n d e r sub-rule ( 2 ) . 10.-(1) I n o t h e r c a s e s o f a n a s s i g n m e n t , c r e a t i o n o r d e v o l u t i o n o f any interest d u r i n g the p e n d e n c y of a suit, the suit m a y , by l e a v e of the court, be continued by or against the person to or u p o n W h o m such interest has c o m e or devolved. 2) T h e attachment of a decree p e n d i n g an appeal therefrom shall e d e e m e d to be an interest entliling the person w h o procured such a t t a c h m e n t to t h e benefit of sub-rule ( 1 ) . 1 1 . I n t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f t h i s O r d e r t o a p p e a l s , s o far a s m a y b e , the w o r d " plaintiff" shall be h e l d to i n c l u d e an a p p e l l a n t t h e w o r d ' ' d e f e n d a n t ' ' a r e s p o n d e n t , a n d t h e w o r d suit'' a n a p p e a l . 12. N o t h i n g in r u l e s 3, 4 a n d 8 shall a p p l y to p r o c e e d i n g s in e x e c u t i o n of a d e c r e e or order.

Procedure in case assignment before final order in suit

Application of order to appeals Application of order to proceeding

No. 49

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O R D E R XXIII WITHDRAWAL AND ADJUSTMENT OF SUITS

Withdrawal of suit or abandon ment of part of claim

1.-(l) A t a n y t i m e after t h e i n s t i t u t i o n o f a s u i t t h e p l a i n t i f f m a y , a s a g a i n s t all o r a n y o f t h e d e f e n d a n t s , w i t h d r a w h i s s u i t o r a b a n d o n part of his claim. (2) W h e r e t h e c o u r t i s satisfied(a) t h a t a s u i t m u s t fail b y r e a s o n o f s o m e f o r m a l d e f e c t , o r (b) that there are other sufficient g r o u n d s for allowing the plaintiff to i n s t i t u t e a f r e s h suit f o r t h e s u b j e c t - m a t t e r of a suit or p a r t of a c l a i m , i t m a y , o n s u c h t e r m s a s i t t h i n k s fit, g r a n t t h e p l a i n t i f f p e r m i s s i o n t o w i t h d r a w from such suit or a b a n d o n such part of a claim w i t h liberty to institute a fresh suit in r e s p e c t of the subject-matter of such suit or s u c h p a r t of a c l a i m . (3) W h e r e t h e plaintiff w i t h d r a w s f r o m a suit, o r a b a n d o n s p a r t o f a claim, w i t h o u t the p e r m i s s i o n referred to in sub-rule (2), he shall be liable for s u c h costs as the c o u r t m a y a w a r d and shall be p r e c l u d e d from instituting any fresh suit in respect of such subject-matter or such part of the claim. (4) N o t h i n g in this rule shall be d e e m e d to authorize the court to p e r m i t o n e of several plaintiffs to w i t h d r a w w i t h o u t the c o n s e n t of the others.

Limitation law not affected by fresh suit Compromise of suit

2 . I n a n y f r e s h suit i n s t i t u t e d o n p e r m i s s i o n g r a n t e d u n d e r t h e last p r e c e d i n g rule, t h e plaintiff shall b e b o u n d b y t h e l a w o f l i m i t a t i o n i n t h e s a m e m a n n e r a s i f t h e first suit h a d n o t b e e n i n s t i t u t e d .

3. W h e r e it is p r o v e d to the satisfaction of the court that a suit h a s b e e n adjusted w h o l l y or in part by any lawful agreement or c o m p r o m i s e , or w h e r e the d e f e n d a n t satisfies the plaintiff in r e s p e c t of the w h o l e or a n y p a r t o f t h e s u b j e c t - m a t t e r o f t h e suit, t h e c o u r t s h a l l o r d e r s u c h a g r e e m e n t , c o m p r o m i s e o r s a t i s f a c t i o n t o b e r e c o r d e d , a n d shall p a s s a d e c r e e i n a c c o r d a n c e t h e r e w i t h s o far a s i t r e l a t e s t o t h e s u i t . 4. N o t h i n g in this O r d e r shall apply to any proceedings in execution of a d e c r e e or o r d e r .

Proceedings in execution of decrees not affected

ORDER XXIV PAYMENTS INTO COURT

Deposit by defendant of amount in satisfac tion of claim Notice of deposit

1. T h e defendant in any suit to r e c o v e r a d e b t or d a m a g e s m a y , a t any stage o f the suit, d e p o s i t i n c o u r t s u c h s u m o f m o n e y a s h e c o n s i d e r s a s a t i s f a c t i o n in full of t h e c l a i m . 2. N o t i c e of the deposit shall be given t h r o u g h the court by the d e f e n d a n t t o t h e plaintiff, a n d t h e a m o u n t o f t h e d e p o s i t s h a l l ( u n l e s s the court o t h e r w i s e directs) be p a i d to the plaintiff on his application.

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Interest on deposit not allowed to plaintiff after notice Procedure where plaintiff accepts deposit as satisfication in part Procedure where he accepts it as satisfaction in full

3. No interest shall be allowed to the, plaintiff on any s u m deposited by the defendant from the date of the receipt of such notice, whether t h e s u m d e p o s i t e d is in full of t h e c l a i m or falls s h o r t thereof.

4.-(l) W h e r e t h e p l a i n t i f f a c c e p t s such amount as o n l y o f h i s c l a i m , h e m a y p r o s e c u t e h i s s u i t for t h e court decides that the deposit by the defendant w a s the plaintiff's claim, the plaintiff shall p a y the costs after t h e deposit and the costs incurred previous t h e y w e r e c a u s e d b y e x c e s s i n the plaintiff's c l a i m . (2) W h e r e the plaintiff accepts s u c h a m o u n t as

satisfaction in part balance; and, if the a full s a t i s f a c t i o n o f of, t h e s u i t i n c u r r e d thereto, so far as

satisfaction to that

in

full o f

his claim, he shall present to the court a statement s u c h s t a t e m e n t shall b e filed a n d the c o u r t shall accordingly; and, in directing by w h o m the costs

effect, a n d

pronounce judgment of e a c h party are to to blame

be paid, the court shall consider w h i c h of the parties is m o s t for t h e l i t i g a t i o n .

ORDER XXV SECURITY FOR COSTS

W h e r e , a t a n y s t a g e o f a suit, i t a p p e a r s t o t h e c o u r t t h a t a s o l e p l a i n t i f f i s , o r ( w h e n t h e r e a r e m o r e p l a i n t i f f s t h a n o n e ) t h a t all t h e plaintiff are r e s i n d i n g o u t of T a n z a n i a , a n d that s u c h plaintiffs d o e s not, or that no o n e of such plaintiffs does, possess any sufficient i m m o v able property within T a n z a n i a other t h a n t h e p r o p e r t y in suit, the c o u r t m a y , e i t h e r o f its o w n m o t i o n o r o n t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f a n y d e f e n d a n t , o r d e r t h e p l a i n t i f f o r p l a i n t i f f s , w i t h i n a t i m e f i x e d b y it, to g i v e security for the p a y m e n t of all costs i n c u r r e d a n d likely to be incurred by any defendant. (2) W h o e v e r leaves T a n z a n i a under such circumstances as to afford r e a s o n a b l e probability that h e w i l l n o t b e f o r t h c o m i n g w h e n e v e r he m a y be called u p o n to p a y costs shall be d e e m e d to be residing o u t o f T a n z a n i a w i t h i n t h e m e a n i n g o f s u b - r u l e (1). 2.- ( 1 ) I n t h e e v e n t o f s u c h s e c u r i t y n o t b e i n g f u r n i s h e d w i t h i n t h e time fixed, the court shall m a k e an order dismissing the suit unless the plaintiff or plaintiffs are p e r m i t t e d to w i t h d r a w therefrom. ( 2 ) W h e r e a suit i s d i s m i s s e d u n d e r t h i s r u l e , t h e p l a i n t i f f m a y a p p l y for an o r d e r to set the d i s m i s s a l aside, and, if it is p r o v e d to the satisfaction of the c o u r t that he w a s p r e v e n t e d by any sufficient cause from furnishing the security w i t h i n the t i m e allowed, the court, shall set aside the dismissal u p o n such t e r m s as to security, costs or otherwise a s i t t h i n k s fit, a n d s h a l l a p p o i n t a d a y f o r p r o c e e d i n g w i t h t h e s u i t . (3) T h e dismissal s h a l l n o t b e set aside application has been served on the defendant. unless notice of such
When security for costs may be required from plaintiff

Residence out of Tanzania

Effect of failure to furnish security

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ORDER XXVI COMMISSIONS Commissions

Cases in which court may issue commission to examine witness Order for commission

to

Examine

Witnesses

1 . A n y c o u r t m a y i n a n y s u i t i s s u e a c o m m i s s i o n for t h e e x a m i n a t i o n on interrogatories or otherwise of any person resident within the local l i m i t s o f its j u r i s d i c t i o n w h o i s e x e m p t e d u n d e r t h i s C o d e f r o m a t t e n d i n g the c o u r t or w h o is f r o m s i c k n e s s or infirmity u n a b l e to attend it. 2. An o r d e r for the issue of a c o m m i s s i o n for the e x a m i n a t i o n of a w i t n e s s m a y b e m a d e b y t h e c o u r t e i t h e r o f its o w n m o t i o n o r o n the application, s u p p o r t e d by affidavit or otherwise, of any party to t h e suit o r o f t h e w i t n e s s t o b e e x a m i n e d . 3. A c o m m i s s i o n for the e x a m i n a t i o n of a p e r s o n w h o resides w i t h i n the local limits of the jurisdiction of the court issuing the same m a y b e i s s u e d t o a n y p e r s o n w h o m t h e c o u r t t h i n k s fit t o e x e c u t e i t . 4.-(1) A n y c o u r t m a y in a n y suit issue a c o m m i s s i o n for the e x a m i n a t i o n of(a) a n y p e r s o n r e s i d e n t b e y o n d t h e l o c a l l i m i t s o f its j u r i s d i c t i o n ; (b) any p e r s o n w h o is about to leave such limits before the date on which he is required to be examined in court; and (c) a n y c i v i l o r m i l i t a r y officer o f t h e G o v e r n m e n t w h o c a n n o t , i n the opinion of the court, attend without detriment to the public service. (2) S u c h c o m m i s s i o n m a y b e issued t o any court, o t h e r t h a n the H i g h Court, within the local limits of w h o s e jurisdiction such person resides, or to any advocate or other person w h o m the court issuing the commission m a y appoint. (3) T h e court on issuing any c o m m i s s i o n u n d e r this rule shall direct w h e t h e r the c o m m i s s i o n shall be returned to itself or to any subordinate court.

Where witness resides within court's jurisdiction Persons for whose

examination
commission may issue

Commission or request to examine witness not within Tanganyika Court to examine witness pursuant to commission
R e t u r n o f

5 . W h e r e a n y c o u r t t o w h i c h a p p l i c a t i o n i s m a d e for t h e i s s u e o f A c o m m i s s i o n for the e x a m i n a t i o n of a p e r s o n residing at any p l a c e not w i t h i n T a n g a n y i k a is satisfied that the evidence of such p e r s o n is necessary, the court m a y issue such c o m m i s s i o n or a letter of request. 6. E v e r y c o u r t r e c e i v i n g a c o m m i s s i o n for the e x a m i n a t i o n of a n y person shall e x a m i n e h i m or cause h i m to be e x a m i n e d pursuant thereto.

commission with depositions of witness

7. W h e r e a c o m m i s s i o n h a s b e e n duly executed, it shall be returned, t o g e t h e r w i t h t h e e v i d e n c e t a k e n u n d e r it, t o t h e c o u r t f r o m w h i c h it w a s , issued unless the o r d e r for issuing. the c o m m i s s i o n h a s otherwise directed, in w h i c h case the c o m m i s s i o n shall be returned in t e r m s of such order; and the commission and the return thereto and the evidence taken u n d e r it shall (subject to the provisions of the next following r u l e ) f o r m p a r t o f t h e r e c o r d o f t h e suit.

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When depositions may be read in evidence

8 . E v i d e n c e t a k e n u n d e r a c o m m i s s i o n shall n o t b e r e a d a s e v i d e n c e in the suit w i t h o u t the c o n s e n t of the party against w h o m the s a m e is offered u n l e s s (a) t h e p e r s o n w h o g a v e t h e e v i d e n c e i s b e y o n d t h e j u r i s d i c t i o n o f the court, or dead or unable from sickness or infirmity to attend to be personally examined, or exempted from personal appearance in court, or is a civil or military officer of the G o v e r n m e n t w h o cannot, in the opinion of the court, attend without detriment to the public service, or ( b ) t h e c o u r t i n its d i s c r e t i o n d i s p e n s e s w i t h t h e p r o o f o f a n y o f t h e circumstances mentioned in clause (a), and authorizes the evidence o f a n y p e r s o n b e i n g r e a d a s e v i d e n c e i n t h e suit, n o t w i t h s t a n d i n g p r o o f t h a t t h e c a u s e for t a k i n g s u c h e v i d e n c e b y c o m m i s s i o n h a s ceased at the time of reading the same. COMMISSION FOR LOCAL INVESTIGATIONS 9. In any suit in w h i c h the court d e e m s a local investigation to be r e q u i s i t e o r p r o p e r for t h e p u r p o s e o f e l u c i d a t i n g a n y m a t t e r i n t o m a k e dispute, or of ascertaining the market value of any property, or the a m o u n t of any m e s n e profits or d a m a g e s or annual, net profits, the c o u r t m a y i s s u e a c o m m i s s i o n t o s u c h p e r s o n a s i t t h i n k s fit d i r e c t i n g h i m to m a k e such investigation and to report thereon to the court. 10.-(1) T h e c o m m i s s i o n e r , after s u c h l o c a l i n s p e c t i o n a s h e d e e m s n e c e s s a r y a n d after r e d u c i n g t o w r i t i n g t h e e v i d e n c e t a k e n b y h i m , s h a l l return such evidence, together with his report in writing signed by him, t o court. (2) T h e r e p o r t o f the c o m m i s s i o n e r a n d the e v i d e n c e t a k e n b y h i m (but n o t the e v i d e n c e w i t h o u t the report) shall be evidence in the suit a n d shall form part of the r e c o r d ; b u t the c o u r t or, w i t h the p e r m i s s i o n o f the court, a n y o f the p a r t i e s t o the suit, m a y e x a m i n e the c o m m i s s i o n e r personally in open court touching any of the matters referred to h i m or mentioned in his report, or as to his report, or as to the m a n n e r in which he has m a d e the investigation. (3) W h e r e the court is for any r e a s o n dissatisfied with the p r o c e e d i n g s of the commissioner, it m a y direct such further inquiry to be m a d e as it shall t h i n k fit.

Commission to make local investigation

Procedure of commissioner

Report and deposition to be evidence in suit

Commission

COMMISSIONS TO EXAMINE ACCOUNTS

11. I n a n y suit i n w h i c h a n e x a m i n a t i o n o r a d j u s t m e n t o f a c c o u n t s is necessary, the court m a y issue a c o m m i s s i o n to such person, as it t h i n k s fit d i r e c t i n g h i m t o m a k e s u c h e x a m i n a t i o n o r a d j u s t m e n t . 12.-(l) T h e c o u r t s h a l l f u r n i s h t h e c o m m i s s i o n e r w i t h s u c h p a r t o f the proceedings and such instructions as appear necessary, and the instructions shall distinctly specify w h e t h e r the c o m m i s s i o n e r is m e r e l y to transmit the proceedings w h i c h he m a y hold on the inquiry, or also to report his o w n opinion on the point referred for his e x a m i n a t i o n .
to e x a m i n e

o r adjust accounts
Court to give commissioner necessary instructions

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ll'nd'^o'rt^
a t o n d b e r e p o r t e v i d e n c e

(2) T h e p r o c e e d i n g s a n d r e p o r t (if a n y ) o f t h e c o m m i s s i o n e r shall b e e v i d e n c e i n t h e suit, b u t w h e r e t h e c o u r t h a s r e a s o n t o b e dissatisfied w i t h t h e m , i t m a y d i r e c t s u c h f u r t h e r i n q u i r y a s i t s h a l l t h i n k fit.

COMMISSIONS TO MAKE PARTITIONS

Commission to make partition of immovable property Procedure of commis sioner

13. W h e r e a preliminary decree for partition h a s b e e n passed, the c o u r t m a y i s s u e a c o m m i s s i o n t o s u c h p e r s o n a s i t t h i n k s fit t o m a k e t h e partition or separation according to the rights as declared in such decree.

1 4 . - ( 1 ) T h e c o m m i s s i o n e r s h a l l , after s u c h i n q u i r y a s m a y b e necessary, divide the property into as m a n y shares as m a y be directed by the order u n d e r w h i c h the c o m m i s s i o n w a s issued, and shall allot such shares to the parties, and m a y , if authorized thereto by the said order, a w a r d s u m s t o b e p a i d for the p u r p o s e o f e q u a l i z i n g the v a l u e o f the shares. (2) T h e c o m m i s s i o n e r shall then p r e p a r e and sign a report or the commissioners (where the commission w a s issued to more than one p e r s o n and they c a n n o t agree) shall prepare a n d sign separate reports appointing the share of e a c h party a n d distinguishing e a c h share (if so directed by the said order) by m e t e s and b o u n d s . S u c h report or reports shall be annexed to the c o m m i s s i o n and transmitted to the court; and t h e c o u r t , after h e a r i n g a n y o b j e c t i o n s w h i c h t h e p a r t i e s m a y m a k e t o the report or reports, shall confirm, v a r y or set aside the s a m e . (3) W h e r e the c o u r t confirms or v a r i e s the r e p o r t or reports it shall pass a decree in accordance with the same as confirmed or varied; but w h e r e the court sets aside the report or reports it shall either issue a n e w c o m m i s s i o n o r m a k e s u c h o t h e r o r d e r a s i t s h a l l t h i n k fit.

GENERAL PROVISIONS
Expenses of commis. sion to be paid into Court Powers of commis sioners

15. B e f o r e i s s u i n g a n y c o m m i s s i o n u n d e r this O r d e r , the c o u r t m a y o r d e r s u c h s u m ( i f a n y ) a s i t t h i n k s r e a s o n a b l e for t h e e x p e n s e s o f t h e c o m m i s s i o n to be, within a time to be fixed, paid into court by the party at w h o s e instance or for w h o s e benefit the c o m m i s s i o n is i s s u e d . 16. A n y c o m m i s s i o n e r a p p o i n t e d u n d e r this otherwise directed by the order of appointmentOrder, may, unless

(a) e x a m i n e the parties t h e m s e l v e s a n d any w i t n e s s w h o m they o r any of t h e m m a y produce, and any other person w h o m the com m i s s i o n e r thinks p r o p e r to call u p o n to give e v i d e n c e in the matter referred to h i m ; ( b ) c a l l for a n d e x a m i n e d o c u m e n t s a n d o t h e r t h i n g s r e l e v a n t t o t h e subject of inquiry; (c) at any r e a s o n a b l e t i m e enter u p o n or into any land or building mentioned in the order.

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Attendance and examination of witnesses before commissioner

17.- ( 1 ) T h e p r o v i s i o n s o f t h i s C o d e r e l a t i n g t o t h e s u m m o n i n g a t t e n d a n c e a n d e x a m i n a t i o n o f w i t n e s s e s , a n d t o t h e r e m u n e r a t i o n of, a n d p e n a l t i e s t o b e i m p o s e d u p o n w i t n e s s e s , shall a p p l y t o p e r s o n s w i t n e s s e s required to give evidence or to produce d o c u m e n t s under this Order w h e t h e r the c o m m i s s i o n in execution of w h i c h they are so required has b e e n issued by a court situate within or by a court situate b e y o n d the l i m i t s o f T a n g a n y i k a , a n d for t h e p u r p o s e s o f t h i s r u l e t h e c o m m i s s i o n e r shall b e d e e m e d t o b e a c i v i l c o u r t . (2) A c o m m i s s i o n e r m a y a p p l y t o a n y c o u r t ( o t h e r t h a n t h e H i g h C o u r t ) w i t h i n t h e l o c a l l i m i t s o f w h o s e j u r i s d i c t i o n a w i t n e s s r e s i d e s for the issue of any p r o c e s s w h i c h he m a y find it n e c e s s a r y to issue to or a g a i n s t s u c h w i t n e s s , a n d s u c h c o u r t m a y , i n its d i s c r e t i o n , i s s u e s u c h process as it considers reasonable and proper.

Parties to 18.-(1) W h e r e a c o m m i s s i o n i s i s s u e d u n d e r t h i s O r d e r , t h e c o u r t s h a l l d i r e c t t h a t t h e p a r t i e s t o t h e s u i t s h a l l a p p e a r b e f o r e t h e c o m m i s appear before sioner in person or by their agents or advocates.

commissioner

( 2 ) W h e r e all o r a n y o f t h e p a r t i e s d o n o t s o a p p e a r , t h e c o m m i s sioner m a y proceed in their absence. ORDER XXVII

SUITS BY OR AGAINST MILITARY MEN

W h e r e a n y officer o r s o l d i e r a c t u a l l y s e r v i n g t h e G o v e r n m e n t in a m i l i t a r y c a p a c i t y is a p a r t y to a suit, a n d c a n n o t o b t a i n l e a v e of a b s e n c e for t h e p u r p o s e o f p r o s e c u t i n g o r d e f e n d i n g t h e s u i t i n p e r s o n , he m a y authorize any p e r s o n to sue or defend in his stead.
Officers or soldiers who cannot obtain leave may authorize any person to sure or defend for them

(2) T h e authority shall be in w r i t i n g a n d shall be signed by the officer o r s o l d i e r i n t h e p r e s e n c e o f ( a ) h i s c o m m a n d i n g officer, o r t h e n e x t s u b o r d i n a t e officer, if the p a r t y is h i m s e l f the c o m m a n d i n g officer, or (b) w h e r e the officer or soldier is s e r v i n g in military staff e m p l o y m e n t , t h e h e a d o r o t h e r s u p e r i o r officer o f t h e office i n w h i c h h e i s e m p l o y e d . S u c h c o m m a n d i n g o r other officer shall c o u n t e r s i g n the authority, w h i c h shall b e filed i n c o u r t . ( 3 ) W h e n s o filed t h e c o u n t e r s i g n a t u r e s h a l l b e s u f f i c i e n t p r o o f t h a t the authority w a s duly e x e c u t e d , and that the officer o r soldier b y w h o m i t w a s g r a n t e d c o u l d n o t o b t a i n l e a v e o f a b s e n c e for t h e p u r p o s e o f p r o s e c u t i n g o r d e f e n d i n g t h e suit i n p e r s o n . Explanation: I n t h i s O r d e r t h e e x p r e s s i o n ' ' c o m m a n d i n g o f f i c e r m e a n s t h e officer i n a c t u a l c o m m a n d f o r t h e t i m e b e i n g o f a n y r e g i m e n t , c o r p s , d e t a c h m e n t or d e p o t to w h i c h the officer or soldier belongs.

2. A n y p e r s o n authorized by an officer or soldier to p r o s e c u t e or defend a suit in his stead m a y prosecute or defend it in p e r s o n in the s a m e m a n n e r as the officer or soldier c o u l d do if present; or he m a y appoint an a d v o c a t e to p r o s e c u t e or defend the suit on b e h a l f of such officer or soldier.

Person so authorized may act personally or appoint advocate

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3. P r o c e s s e s served u p o n any p e r s o n authorized by an officer or soldier u n d e r rule 1 or u p o n any advocate appointed as aforesaid by s u c h p e r s o n shall. be as effectual as if they h a d b e e n , served on the party in person.

ORDER XXVIII
SUITS BY OR AGAINST CORPORATIONS Subscription and verification of pleading 1. In suits by or against a corporation, any p l e a d i n g m a y be signed and verified on behalf of the corporation by the secretary or by any director or other principal officer of the corporation w h o is able to depose to the facts of the case. 2. Subject to any statutory provision regulating service of process, w h e r e the suit is against a corporation, the s u m m o n s m a y be served(a) on the secretary, or on any director, or other principal officer of the corporation; or (b) by leaving it or sending it by post addressed to the corporation at the r e g i s t e r e d office, or if there is no r e g i s t e r e d office t h e n at the place w h e r e the corporation carries on business. Power to require personal attendance of officer of corporation 3. T h e c o u r t m a y , at any stage of the suit, require the p e r s o n a l a p p e a r a n c e of the secretary or of any director, or other principal officer of the corporation w h o m a y be able to a n s w e r material questions relating to the suit. ORDER XXIX SUITS BY OR AGAINST FIRMS AND PERSONS CARRYING ON BUSINESS IN NAMES OTHER THAN THEIR OWN Suing of 1.-(1) A n y two or more persons claiming or being liable as partners partners in name of firm b a n d carrying on business in T a n z a n i a m a y sue or be sued in the n a m e of t h e firm (if a n y ) of w h i c h s u c h p e r s o n s w e r e p a r t n e r s at t h e t i m e of the accruing of the cause of action, and any party to a suit m a y in such case apply to the c o u r t for a statement of the n a m e s and addresses of the persons w h o were, at the time of the accruing of the cause of action partners in such firm, to be furnished and verified in such m a n n e r as the court m a y direct. (2) Where persons sue or are sued as partners in the name of their firm under sub-rule (1), it shall, in the case of any pleading or other d o c u m e n t required by or u n d e r this C o d e to be signed, verified or certified by the plaintiff or the defendant, suffice if such pleading or other d o c u m e n t is signed, verified or certified by any one of such p e r s o n s . Disclosure of Partners' 2.-(1) W h e r e a suit is instituted by partners in the n a m e of their f i r m , t h e plaintiffs o r their a d v o c a t e s h a l l , o n d e m a n d i n w r i t i n g b y o r on behalf of any defendant, forthwith declare in writing the n a m e s and places of residence of all the persons constituting the firm on whose behalf the suit is instituted.

Service on corporation

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( 2 ) W h e r e t h e p l a i n t i f f s o r t h e i r a d v o c a t e fail t o c o m p l y w i t h a n y d e m a n d m a d e u n d e r s u b - r u l e ( 1 ) , all p r o c e e d i n g s i n t h e suit m a y , U p o n a n a p p l i c a t i o n for t h a t p u r p o s e , b e s t a y e d u p o n s u c h t e r m s a s t h e c o u r t m a y direct. (3) W h e r e the n a m e s o f the p a r t n e r s are d e c l a r e d i n the m a n n e r referred to in sub-rule (1), the suit shall p r o c e e d in the s a m e m a n n e r , a n d t h e s a m e c o n s e q u e n c e s i n all r e s p e c t s s h a l l f o l l o w , a s i f t h e y h a d b e e n n a m e d a s plaintiffs i n t h e p l a i n t : P r o v i d e d t h a t all t h e p r o c e e d i n g s s h a l l n e v e r t h e l e s s c o n t i n u e i n t h e n a m e of the firm. 3. W h e r e p e r s o n s are sued as partners in the n a m e of their the s u m m o n s shall be served either(a) upon any one or more of the partners; or (b) at the principal place at w h i c h the partnership business is carried on, upon. any person having, at the time of service, the control or m a n a g e m e n t of the partnership business there, as the court m a y direct; and such service shall be d e e m e d g o o d service u p o n t h e f i r m s o s u e d , w h e t h e r all o r a n y o f t h e p a r t n e r s a r e w i t h i n o r without Tanzania: Provided that, in the case of a partnership w h i c h has been dissolved to the k n o w l e d g e of the plaintiff before the institution of the suit, the s u m m o n s shall be served u p o n every person within Tanzania w h o m it is sought to m a k e liable. 4.-(1) N o t w i t h s t a n d i n g a n y t h i n g c o n t a i n e d i n s e c t i o n 4 5 o f t h e L a w of Contract Ordinance, where two or m o r e persons m a y sue or be sued in the n a m e of a firm u n d e r the foregoing provisions and any of such persons dies, whether before the institution or during the p e n d e n c y of any suit, it shall not be necessary to join the legal representative o f t h e d e c e a s e d a s a p a r t y t o t h e suit. ( 2 ) N o t h i n g in sub-rule ( 1 ) shall limit or o t h e r w i s e affect any right w h i c h the legal representative of the deceased m a y h a v e (a) to apply to be m a d e a party to the suit; or (b) to enforce any c l a i m against t h e survivor or survivors. 5. W h e r e a s u m m o n s is issued to a firm a n d is served in the m a n n e r p r o v i d e d by rule 3, every p e r s o n u p o n w h o m it is served shall be informed by notice in writing given at the time of such service, whether he is served as a p a r t n e r or as a p e r s o n h a v i n g the control or manage m e n t of the partnership business, or in both characters, and, in default o f s u c h n o t i c e , t h e p e r s o n s e r v e d shall b e d e e m e d t o b e s e r v e d as a p a r t n e r . 6. W h e r e p e r s o n s are sued as partners in the n a m e of their firm, they s h a l l a p p e a r i n d i v i d u a l l y i n t h e i r o w n n a m e s , b u t all s u b s e q u e n t p r o c e e d i n g s shall, n e v e r t h e l e s s , c o n t i n u e i n t h e n a m e o f t h e firm.
Notice in what capacity served Right of suit on death of partner

firm, Service

Appearance o f partners

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No appear7. W h e r e a s u m m o n s is served in the m a n n e r provided by rule 3 ance except upon a person having the control or m a n a g e m e n t of the partnership by partners

b u s i n e s s , no a p p e a r a n c e by h i m shall be necessary unless he partner of the firm sued.

Appearance under protest

is a

8 . A n y p e r s o n s e r v e d w i t h s u m m o n s a s a p a r t n e r u n d e r rule 3 m a y appear u n d e r protest, denying that he is a partner, but such appearance shall not preclude the plaintiff from otherwise serving a s u m m o n s on the firm and obtaining a decree against the firm in default of appearance where no partner has appeared. 9 . T h i s O r d e r shall a p p l y t o suits b e t w e e n a f i r m a n d o n e o r m o r e o f t h e p a r t n e r s t h e r e i n a n d t o suits b e t w e e n firms h a v i n g o n e o r m o r e partners in c o m m o n ; but no execution shall be issued in such suits e x c e p t b y l e a v e o f t h e c o u r t , a n d , o n a n a p p l i c a t i o n for l e a v e t o i s s u e s u c h e x e c u t i o n , all s u c h a c c o u n t s a n d i n q u i r i e s m a y b e d i r e c t e d t o b e t a k e n a n d m a d e a n d d i r e c t i o n s g i v e n a s m a y b e just. 1 0 . A n y p e r s o n c a r r y i n g o n b u s i n e s s i n a n a m e o r style o t h e r t h a n his o w n n a m e , m a y be sued in such n a m e or style as if it w e r e a firm n a m e ; a n d , so far as the nature of t h e case w i l l p e r m i t , all rules u n d e r this O r d e r shall a p p l y .

Suits between co-partners

Suit against person carrying on business in name other than his own

ORDER XXX SUITS BY OR AGAINST TRUSTEES, EXECUTORS AND ADMINISTRATORS

Representation beneficiaries in suits concerning property vested in trustees, etc Joinder of trustees, executors and ad ministrators

1 . I n all suits c o n c e r n i n g p r o p e r t y v e s t e d i n a t r u s t e e , e x e c u t o r o r administrator, where the contention is b e t w e e n the persons beneficially interested in such property and a third person, the trustee, executor or administrator shall represent the p e r s o n s so interested, and it shall n o t o r d i n a r i l y b e n e c e s s a r y t o m a k e t h e m p a r t i e s t o t h e suit, b u t t h e c o u r t m a y , i f i t t h i n k s fit, o r d e r t h e m o r a n y o f t h e m t o b e m a d e p a r t i e s . 2. W h e r e there are several trustees, e x e c u t o r s or a d m i n i s t r a t o r s , they s h a l l all b e m a d e p a r t i e s t o a s u i t a g a i n s t o n e o r m o r e o f t h e m : Provided that the executors w h o h a v e not proved their testator's will, and trustees, executors and administrators outside Tanzania, need not be made parties.

ORDER XXXI SUITS BY OR AGAINST MINORS AND PERSONS OF UNSOUND MIND

Minor to sue by next friend Where suit is instituted without next friend, plaint to be taken off the file

1 . E v e r y suit b y m i n o r shall b e instituted i n his n a m e b y p e r s o n w h o i n s u c h suit shall be called the n e x t friend of the m i n o r . 2.-(1) without off the whom W h e r e a suit is instituted by or on b e h a l f of a m i n o r a next friend, the defendant m a y apply to h a v e the plaint t a k e n file, w i t h c o s t s t o b e p a i d b y t h e a d v o c a t e o r o t h e r p e r s o n b y it was presented.

(2) N o t i c e of s u c h application shall be g i v e n to s u c h p e r s o n a n d t h e c o u r t , after h e a r i n g h i s o b j e c t i o n s (if a n y ) , m a y m a k e s u c h o r d e r i n t h e m a t t e r a s i t t h i n k s fit.

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Guardian for the suit to be appointed by court for minor defendant

3.-(1) W h e r e t h e d e f e n d a n t i s a m i n o r , t h e c o u r t , o n b e i n g s a t i s f i e d of the fact of his minority, shall g u a r d i a n for the suit for s u c h m i n o r . appoint a proper person to be

( 2 ) A n o r d e r f o r t h e a p p o i n t m e n t o f a g u a r d i a n f o r t h e suit m a y b e obtained upon application in the n a m e and on behalf of the minor or b y t h e plaintiff. (3) S u c h a p p l i c a t i o n shall b e s u p p o r t e d b y a n affidavit v e r i f y i n g t h e fact that the p r o p o s e d g u a r d i a n h a s no interest in the matters in c o n t r o v e r s y in t h e suit a d v e r s e to t h a t of t h e m i n o r a n d t h a t he is a fit p e r s o n t o b e s o a p p o i n t e d . (4) No order shall be m a d e on any application u n d e r this rule except u p o n notice to the m i n o r and to any guardian of the m i n o r a p p o i n t e d or d e c l a r e d by an authority c o m p e t e n t in that behalf, or, w h e r e there is no such guardian, u p o n notice to the father or other, n a t u r a l g u a r d i a n o f the m i n o r , or, w h e r e t h e r e i s n o father o r o t h e r n a t u r a l g u a r d i a n , t o t h e p e r s o n i n w h o s e c a r e t h e m i n o r i s , a n d after hearing any objection w h i c h m a y be urged on behalf of any person served with notice u n d e r this sub-rule. (5) A p e r s o n a p p o i n t e d u n d e r t h i s r u l e to be a g u a r d i a n for a suit shall, unless his appointment is terminated by retirement, r e m o v a l or d e a t h , c o n t i n u e a s s u c h f o r t h e p u r p o s e s o f all t h e p r o c e e d i n g s a r i s i n g out of the suit including p r o c e e d i n g s in execution of a decree. 4.-(1) A n y p e r s o n w h o i s o f s o u n d m i n d a n d h a s a t t a i n e d m a j o r i t y m a y act as n e x t friend of a m i n o r or as his g u a r d i a n for the suit, p r o v i d e d that the interest of such person is not adverse to that of the m i n o r a n d t h a t he is not, in the case of a n e x t friend, a d e f e n d a n t , or, in the c a s e of a g u a r d i a n for t h e suit, a plaintiff. (2) W h e r e a m i n o r has a guardian appointed or declared by com p e t e n t a u t h o r i t y , n o p e r s o n o t h e r t h a n s u c h g u a r d i a n s h a l l act a s t h e n e x t friend o f t h e m i n o r o r b e a p p o i n t e d his g u a r d i a n for the suit u n l e s s t h e c o u r t c o n s i d e r s f o r r e a s o n s t o b e r e c o r d e d , t h a t i t i s for, t h e m i n o r ' s welfare that another p e r s o n be p e r m i t t e d to act or be appointed, as the case m a y be. (3) N o p e r s o n shall w i t h o u t his c o n s e n t b e appointed g u a r d i a n for the suit. (4) W h e r e there is no other p e r s o n fit a n d w i l l i n g to act as g u a r d i a n f o r t h e s u i t , t h e c o u r t m a y a p p o i n t a n y o f its o f f i c e r s t o b e , s u c h guardian, a n d m a y direct that the costs to be incurred by s u c h officer In the performance of his duties as such guardian shall be borne either by the parties or by any o n e or m o r e of the parties to the suit, or out of any fund in court in w h i c h the m i n o r is interested, and m a y g i v e directions for the r e p a y m e n t or a l l o w a n c e of s u c h costs as justice and the circumstances of the case m a y require. 5.- (1) E v e r y a p p l i c a t i o n to t h e c o u r t on b e h a l f of a m i n o r , o t h e r t h a n a n a p p l i c a t i o n u n d e r rule 10, s u b - r u l e (2), shall b e m a d e b y h i s n e x t b y n e x t f r i e n d o r b y h i s g u a r d i a n f o r t h e suit.

Who may act as next friend or be appointed guardian for the suit

Representation of minor by next friend or guardian for the suit

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(2) E v e r y o r d e r m a d e in a suit or on any application,before the court i n o r b y w h i c h a m i n o r i s i n a n y w a y c o n c e r n e d , o r affected, w i t h o u t s u c h m i n o r b e i n g r e p r e s e n t e d by a n e x t friend or g u a r d i a n for the suit, as the case m a y be, m a y be discharged, and, w h e r e the advocate of the party at whose instance such order w a s obtained knew, or might reasonably h a v e k n o w n , the fact o f such minority, w i t h costs t o b e p a i d b y such advocate.
Receipt by next friend or guardian for the suit under decree for minor

6.-(1) A n e x t f r i e n d o r g u a r d i a n f o r t h e s u i t s h a l l n o t , w i t h o u t t h e leave of the court, receive any m o n e y or other m o v a b l e property on behalf of a minor either(a) b y w a y o f c o m p r o m i s e b e f o r e d e c r e e o r o r d e r , o r (b) under a decree or order in favour of the minor. (2) W h e r e the n e x t friend or g u a r d i a n for the suit h a s n o t b e e n appointed or declared by competent authority to be guardian of the p r o p e r t y of the m i n o r , or, h a v i n g b e e n so a p p o i n t e d or declared, is under any disability k n o w n to the court to receive the m o n e y or other m o v a b l e property, the court shall, if it grants h i m leave to receive t h e p r o p e r t y , r e q u i r e s u c h s e c u r i t y a n d g i v e s u c h d i r e c t i o n s a s w i l l , i n its o p i n i o n , s u f f i c i e n t l y p r o t e c t t h e p r o p e r t y f r o m w a s t e a n d e n s u r e its proper application.

Agreement or compromise by next friend or guardian for the suit

7.- ( 1 ) N o n e x t f r i e n d o r g u a r d i a n for t h e s u i t s h a l l , w i t h o u t t h e leave of the court expressly recorded in the proceedings, enter into any agreement or compromise on behalf of a minor with reference to the suit in w h i c h he acts as n e x t friend or g u a r d i a n . (2) A n y such a g r e e m e n t or c o m p r o m i s e entered into w i t h o u t the leave o f t h e c o u r t s o r e c o r d e d s h a l l b e v o i d a b l e a g a i n s t all p a r t i e s o t h e r t h a n the minor.

Retirement
o f f r ie n n e d xt f r i e n d

8.-(1) U n l e s s o t h e r w i s e o r d e r e d by the c o u r t , a n e x t friend shall n o t r e t i r e w i t h o u t first p r o c u r i n g a fit p e r s o n t o b e p u t i n h i s p l a c e a n d giving security for the costs already incurred. (2) T h e a p p l i c a t i o n for t h e a p p o i n t m e n t o f a n e w n e x t friend s h a l l b e supported by an affidavit s h o w i n g the fitness of the p e r s o n p r o p o s e d , and also that he has no interest adverse to that of the minor.

Removal of
n e x t f r i e n d

9.- ( 1 ) W h e r e t h e i n t e r e s t of t h e n e x t friend of a m i n o r is a d v e r s e to that of the minor or where he is so connected with a defendant w h o s e interest is adverse to that of the m i n o r as to m a k e it unlikely that the minor's interest will be properly protected by h i m , or w h e r e he does n o t do h i s duty, or d u r i n g the sufficient cause, application m a y be m a d e o n b e h a l f o f t h e m i n o r o r b y a d e f e n d a n t for h i s r e m o v a l ; a n d t h e court, if satisfied of the sufficiency of the cause assigned, m a y order the next friend to be r e m o v e d accordingly, and m a k e such other order as to c o s t s as it t h i n k s fit.

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(2) W h e r e t h e n e x t f r i e n d i s n o t a g u a r d i a n a p p o i n t e d o r d e c l a r e d b y an authority c o m p e t e n t in this behalf, a n d an application is m a d e by a guardian so appointed or declared, w h o desires to be himself! appointed in the p l a c e of the n e x t friend, the court shall r e m o v e the n e x t friend u n l e s s i t c o n s i d e r s , f o r r e a s o n s t o b e r e c o r d e d b y it, t h a t t h e g u a r d i a n o u g h t n o t t o b e a p p o i n t e d the n e x t friend o f t h e m i n o r a n d shall there u p o n appoint the applicant to be next friend in his place u p o n such t e r m s a s t o t h e c o s t s a l r e a d y i n c u r r e d i n t h e s u i t a s i t t h i n k s fit. 10.-(l) O n t h e r e t i r e m e n t , r e m o v a l o r d e a t h o f t h e n e x t friend o f a minor, further proceedings shall be stayed until the appointment of a next friend in his place. (2) W h e r e t h e a d v o c a t e o f time, to take steps to get a interested in the m i n o r or in for t h e a p p o i n t m e n t o f o n e , it t h i n k s fit. such minor omits, within a reasonable n e w n e x t friend appointed, any p e r s o n the matter in issue m a y apply to the court and the court m a y appoint such person as
Stay of proceeding on removal, etc, of next friend

11.-(l) W h e r e the g u a r d i a n for the suit desires to retire or d o e s n o t do his duty, or w h e r e other sufficient g r o u n d is m a d e to appear, the court m a y permit such guardian to retire or m a y r e m o v e him, and m a y m a k e s u c h o r d e r a s t o c o s t s a s i t t h i n k s fit. (2) W h e r e the g u a r d i a n for the suit retires, dies or is r e m o v e d by the c o u r t d u r i n g t h e p e n d e n c y o f t h e suit, t h e c o u r t s h a l l a p p o i n t a n e w guardian in his place. 1 2 . - ( l ) A m i n o r p l a i n t i f f or m i n o r n o t a p a r t y to a s u i t on w h o s e behalf an application is p e n d i n g shall on attaining majority, elect w h e t h e r h e w i l l p r o c e e d w i t h t h e suit o r a p p l i c a t i o n . (2) W h e r e h e e l e c t s t o p r o c e e d w i t h t h e suit o r a p p l i c a t i o n , h e shall a p p l y f o r a n o r d e r d i s c h a r g i n g t h e n e x t f r i e n d a n d for l e a v e t o p r o c e e d in his o w n n a m e . (3) T h e title o f t h e suit o r a p p l i c a t i o n s h a l l i n s u c h c a s e b e c o r r e c t e d s o as to read henceforth thus''A.B., late a m i n o r , by C.D., his n e x t friend, b u t n o w h a v i n g attained majority'' (4) W h e r e he elects to a b a n d o n the suit or application, he shall, if a sole plaintiff or sole applicant, apply for an order to dismiss the suit or application on r e p a y m e n t of the costs incurred by the d e f e n d a n t o r o p p o s i t e p a r t y o r w h i c h m a y h a v e b e e n p a i d b y h i s n e x t friend. (5) A n y a p p l i c a t i o n u n d e r t h i s r u l e m a y b e m a d e ex-parte: b u t n o order discharging a n e x t friend and permitting a m i n o r plaintiff to p r o c e e d in his o w n n a m e shall be m a d e w i t h o u t notice to the n e x t friend. 13.-(l) W h e r e a m i n o r co-plaintiff on attaining majority desires to r e p u d i a t e t h e suit, h e s h a l l a p p l y t o h a v e h i s n a m e s t r u c k o u t a s c o plaintiff; a n d the court, if it finds that he is n o t a n e c e s s a r y party, shall d i s m i s s h i m from the suit on s u c h t e r m s as to costs or o t h e r w i s e desires to as it t h i n k s fit.

Retirement, removal or death of guardian for the suit

Where minor co- plaintiff attaining majority desires to repudiate suit

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friend, on

(2) N o t i c e of the application shall be any co-plaintiff and on the defendant.

served

(3) T h e c o s t s o f all p a r t i e s o f s u c h a p p l i c a t i o n , a n d o f all o r a n y

proceedings theretofore had in the suit, shall be paid by such persons

as the court directs. ( 4 ) W h e r e t h e a p p l i c a n t i s a n e c e s s a r y p a r t y t o t h e suit t h e c o u r t m a y direct h i m to be m a d e a defendant.
Unreasonable or improper suit

14.-(1) A m i n o r o n a t t a i n i n g m a j o r i t y m a y , ground that it w a s unreasonable or improper.

i f a s o l e plaintiff,

apply

that a suit instituted in his n a m e by his next friend be dismissed on the

(2) N o t i c e of the application shall be served on all the parties

concerned; and the court, upon being satisfied of such unreasonable ness or impropriety, m a y grant the application and order the next friend to pay the costs of all parties in respect of the application and of anything done in the suit, or make such other order as it thinks fit.
Application of rules to persons of unsound mind

15. T h e p r o v i s i o n s c o n t a i n e d i n r u l e s

1 t o 14, s o far a s t h e y a r e

applicable, shall extend to persons adjudged to be of unsound mind and to persons who though not so adjudged are found by the court on inquiry, by reason of unsoundness of mind or mental infirmity, to be
incapable of protecting their interests w h e n suing or being sued. ORDER XXXII

SUITS RELATING TO MORTGAGES OF IMMOVABLE PROPERTY

Parties to suits for foreclosure, sale and redemption

1 . S u b j e c t t o t h e p r o v i s i o n s o f t h i s C o d e , all p e r s o n s h a v i n g a n inte

rest either in the mortgage security or in the right of redemption shall be joined as parties to any suit relating to the mortgage:
Provided that-

(a) a puisne mortgagee may sue for foreclosure of for sale without making the prior mortgagee a party to the suit; and (b) a prior mortgagee need not be joined in a suit to redeem a sub
sequent mortgage.
Preliminary decree in foreclosure suit

2. In a suit for f o r e c l o s u r e , if t h e plaintiff s u c c e e d s , t h e c o u r t shall

pass a decree (referred to in this Code as preliminary decree)(a) ordering that an account be taken of what will be due to the
plaintiff for principal and interest on the m o r t g a g e , and for his

costs of the suit (if any) awarded to him on the day next herein after referred to, or
(b) d e c l a r i n g t h e a m o u n t s o d u e a t t h e d a t e o f s u c h d e c r e e , and directing(c) that if the defendant p a y s into court the a m o u n t so d u e on a day w i t h i n six m o n t h s f r o m t h e d a t e o f d e c l a r i n g i n c o u r t t h e a m o u n t

so due, to be fixed by the court, the plaintiff shall deliver up to

t h e d e f e n d a n t , o r t o s u c h p e r s o n a s h e a p p o i n t s , all d o c u m e n t s

in his possession or power relating to the mortgaged property,

a n d shall, i f s o r e q u i r e d , r e t r a n s f e r t h e p r o p e r t y t o t h e d e f e n d a n t

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free f r o m t h e m o r t g a g e a n d f r o m all e n c u m b r a n c e s c r e a t e d , b y the plaintiff or any p e r s o n c l a i m i n g u n d e r h i m , or, w h e r e the plaintiff c l a i m s b y derived title, b y those u n d e r w h o m h e c l a i m s , and shall also, i f necessary, the property but, put the defendant in possession
o f

(d) t h a t , i f s u c h p a y m e n t i s n o t m a d e o n o r b e f o r e t h e d a y t o b e f i x e d b y t h e c o u r t , t h e d e f e n d a n t s h a l l o n t h e p a s s i n g o f a final d e c r e e b e d e b a r r e d f r o m all r i g h t t o r e d e e m t h e p r o p e r t y . 3.-(l) W h e r e , o n o r b e f o r e t h e d a y f i x e d , t h e d e f e n d a n t s p a y s i n t o court the a m o u n t declared due as aforesaid, together with such subs e q u e n t c o s t s a s a r e m e n t i o n e d i n r u l e 10, t h e c o u r t s h a l l p a s s a d e c r e e (a) o r d e r i n g t h e plaintiff t o d e l i v e r u p t h e d o c u m e n t s w h i c h u n d e r t h e t e r m s o f t h e p r e l i m i n a r y d e c r e e h e i s b o u n d t o deliver u p , and if so required(b) o r d e r i n g h i m t o r e t r a n s f e r t h e m o r t g a g e p r o p e r t y a s d i r e c t e d i n the said decree, and, also, if necessary(c) ordering him to put the defendant in possession of the property. ( 2 ) W h e r e s u c h p a y m e n t i s n o t s o m a d e , t h e c o u r t s h a l l , o n applica t i o n m a d e i n t h a t b e h a l f b y t h e plaintiff, p a s s a d e c r e e t h a t t h e defend a n t a n d all p e r s o n s c l a i m i n g t h r o u g h o r u n d e r h i m b e d e b a r r e d f r o m all r i g h t t o r e d e e m t h e m o r t g a g e p r o p e r t y a n d a l s o , i f n e c e s s a r y , order ing the defendant to put the plaintiff in possession of the property: Provided that the court may, u p o n good cause shown and u p o n s u c h t e r m s (if a n y ) a s i t t h i n k s fit, f r o m t i m e t o t i m e p o s t p o n e t h e d a y fixed for such p a y m e n t . (3) On t h e p a s s i n g of a d e c r e e u n d e r s u b - r u l e (2) t h e d e b t s e c u r e d by the m o r t g a g e shall be d e e m e d to be discharged. 4.-(1) In a suit for sale, if t h e plaintiff s u c c e e d s , t h e court shall p a s s a d e c r e e (referred to in this C o d e as p r e l i m i n a r y d e c r e e ) to t h e effect m e n t i o n e d in p a r a g r a p h s (a), (b) a n d (c) of rule 2 a n d also d i r e c t i n g that, i n default o f the d e f e n d a n t p a y i n g a s t h e r e i n m e n t i o n e d , t h e m o r t g a g e d p r o p e r t y or a sufficient p a r t t h e r e o f shall, u p o n t h e p a s s i n g of a final decree, be sold, and that the p r o c e e d s of the sale (after defraying there out the expenses of the sale) be paid into court and applied in p a y m e n t o f w h a t i s d e c l a r e d d u e t o t h e p l a i n t i f f a s a f o r e s a i d , t o g e t h e r w i t h sub s e q u e n t i n t e r e s t a n d s u b s e q u e n t c o s t s , a n d t h a t t h e b a l a n c e (if a n y ) be paid to the defendant or other persons entitled to receive the same. ( 2 ) I n a suit f o r f o r e c l o s u r e , i f t h e p l a i n t i f f s u c c e e d s , t h e c o u r t m a y , at the instance of the plaintiff or of any p e r s o n interested either in the m o r t g a g e - m o n e y or in t h e right or r e d e m p t i o n , p a s s a like d e c r e e (in l i e u o f a d e c r e e for f o r e c l o s u r e ) o n s u c h t e r m s a s i t t h i n k s fit i n c l u d i n g the deposit in court of a reasonable s u m fixed by the court, to m e e t the expenses of sale and to secure the performance of the terms.
Preliminary decree in suit for sale Power to enlarge time
F i n a l d e c r e e i n f o r e c l o s u r e s u i t

Power to decree sale in foreclo sure suit

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in suit for
sale

5.-(1) W h e r e o n o r b e f o r e t h e d a y f i x e d t h e d e f e n d a n t p a y s i n t o c o u r t t h e a m o u n t d e c l a r e d d u e a s a f o r e s a i d , t o g e t h e r w i t h s u c h sub s e q u e n t c o s t s a s a r e m e n t i o n e d i n r u l e 10, t h e c o u r t s h a l l p a s s a d e c r e e (a) o r d e r i n g t h e plaintiff t o d e l i v e r u p t h e d o c u m e n t s w h i c h u n d e r the terms of the preliminary decree he is bound to deliver up, and if so required(b) o r d e r i n g h i m t o r e t r a n s f e r t h e m o r t g a g e d p r o p e r t y a s d i r e c t e d in, the said decree, and also, if necessary(c) o r d e r i n g h i m t o p u t t h e d e f e n d a n t i n p o s s e s s i o n o f t h e p r o p e r t y . (2) W h e r e s u c h p a y m e n t i s n o t s o m a d e , t h e c o u r t s h a l l , o n a p p l i c a t i o n m a d e i n t h a t b e h a l f b y t h e plaintiff, p a s s a d e c r e e t h a t t h e m o r t g a g e d property or a sufficient part thereof be sold, and that the p r o c e e d s of the sale be dealt with as is m e n t i o n e d in rule 4.

Recovery of balance due on mortgage

6. W h e r e the net proceeds of cient to pay the a m o u n t due to recoverable from the defendant sold, t h e court m a y p a s s a decree

a n y s u c h s a l e a r e f o u n d t o b e insuffi t h e plaintiff, i f t h e b a l a n c e i s legally otherwise than out of the property for s u c h a m o u n t .

Preliminary decree in redemptionsuit

7. In a suit for r e d e m p t i o n , if t h e plaintiff s u c c e e d s , t h e c o u r t shall p a s s a decree (referred to in this C o d e as p r e l i m i n a r y d e c r e e ) (a) o r d e r i n g t h a t a n a c c o u n t b e t a k e n o f w h a t w i l l b e d u e t o t h e d e f e n d a n t for p r i n c i p a l a n d i n t e r e s t o n t h e m o r t g a g e , a n d for h i s c o s t s o f t h e s u i t (if a n y ) a w a r d e d t o h i m o n t h e d a y n e x t here i n after r e f e r r e d t o , o r (b) d e c l a r i n g the a m o u n t so d u e at the date of s u c h d e c r e e , and directing(c) t h a t i f t h e p l a i n t i f f p a y s i n t o c o u r t t h e a m o u n t s o d u e o n a d a y within six m o n t h s from the date of declaring in court the a m o u n t so d u e , to be fixed by the court, the defendant shall deliver u p t o t h e plaintiff, o r t o s u c h p e r s o n s a s h e a p p o i n t s , all d o c u m e n t s in his p o s s e s s i o n or p o w e r relating to t he mort gaged property, and shall, if so required, retransfer the property t o t h e p l a i n t i f f free f r o m t h e m o r t g a g e a n d f r o m all i n c u m b r a n c e s c r e a t e d b y t h e d e f e n d a n t o r a n y p e r s o n c l a i m i n g u n d e r h i m , or, w h e r e the d e f e n d a n t c l a i m s b y d e r i v e d title, b y t h o s e u n d e r w h o m he claims, and shall, if necessary, p u t the plaintiff in posses sion of the property, but (d) that, if such payment is not made on or before the day to be fixed b y t h e , c o u r t , t h e p l a i n t i f f shall o n t h e p a s s i n g o f a final d e c r e e b e d e b a r r e d f r o m all r i g h t t o r e d e e m o r t h a t t h e m o r t g a g e d p r o p e r t y be sold.

Final decree in redemp tion suit

8.-(1) W h e r e , o n o r b e f o r e t h e d a y f i x e d , t h e p l a i n t i f f p l a y s i n t o c o u r t t h e a m o u n t d e c l a r e d d u e a s a f o r e s a i d , t o g e t h e r w i t h s u c h sub s e q u e n t costs as are m e n t i o n e d in rule, 1 0 , the court shall p a s s a decree (a) o r d e r i n g t h e d e f e n d a n t t o d e l i v e r u p t h e d o c u m e n t s w h i c h u n d e r . the terms of the preliminary decree he is b o u n d to deliver up, and, if so required

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(b) o r d e r i n g h i m t o r e t r a n s f e r t h e m o r t g a g e d p r o p e r t y a s d i r e c t e d i n the said decree, and also, if necessary( c ) o r d e r i n g h i m t o p u t t h e plaintiff i n p o s s e s s i o n o f t h e p r o p e r t y . (2) W h e r e s u c h p a y m e n t i s n o t s o m a d e , t h e c o u r t s h a l l , o n applica tion m a d e in that behalf by the defendant, pass a decree that the p l a i n t i f f a n d all p e r s o n s c l a i m i n g t h r o u g h o r u n d e r h i m b e d e b a r r e d f r o m all r i g h t t o r e d e e m t h e m o r t g a g e d p r o p e r t y a n d a l s o , i f n e c e s s a r y , ordering the plaintiff to put the defendant in possession of the property. (3) O n t h e p a s s i n g o f a d e c r e e u n d e r s u b - r u l e (2) t h e d e b t s e c u r e d b y t h e m o r t g a g e shall b e d e e m e d t o b e d i s c h a r g e d . ( 4 ) W h e r e s u c h p a y m e n t i s n o t s o m a d e , t h e c o u r t s h a l l , o n applica tion m a d e in that behalf by the defendant, pass a decree that the m o r t g a g e d property or a sufficient part t h e r e o f be sold and that the p r o c e e d s o f t h e s a l e (after d e f r a y i n g t h e r e o u t t h e e x p e n s e s o f t h e s a l e ) be paid into court and applied in p a y m e n t of w h a t is found due to t h e d e f e n d a n t , a n d t h a t t h e b a l a n c e (if a n y ) b e p a i d t o t h e p l a i n t i f f or other persons entitled to receive the same. (5) T h e c o u r t m a y , u p o n g o o d c a u s e s h o w n a n d u p o n s u c h t e r m s (if a n y ) a s i t t h i n k s fit, f r o m t i m e t o t i m e p o s t p o n e t h e d a y f i x e d for p a y m e n t . 9. Notwithstanding anything hereinbefore contained, if it appears, u p o n taking the account referred to in rule 7, that nothing is due to the defendant or that he h a s b e e n overpaid, the court shall pass a decree directing the defendant, if so, required, to retransfer the property and to pay the plaintiff the a m o u n t w h i c h m a y be found due to him: and the plaintiff shall, if necessary, be p u t m possession of the m o r t g a g e d property10. I n f i n a l l y a d j u s t i n g t h e a m o u n t t o b e p a i d t o a m o r t g a g e e i n c a s e of a f o r e c l o s u r e or sale or r e d e m p t i o n , the c o u r t shall, u n l e s s t h e conduct of the m o r t g a g e e h a s b e e n such as to disentitle h i m to costs, add to the m o r t g a g e - m o n e y such costs of suit as h a v e b e e n p r o p e r l y incurred by h i m since the d e c r e e for foreclosure or sale or r e d e m p t i o n up to the time of actual p a y m e n t . 11. W h e r e p r o p e r t y i s m o r t g a g e d for s u c c e s s i v e d e b t s t o s u c c e s s i v e m o r t g a g e e s , any m e s n e m o r t g a g e e m a y institute a suit to r e d e e m the interests of the prior mortgagees and to foreclose the rights of those that are p o s t e r i o r t o h i m s e l f a n d o f t h e m o r t g a g o r . 12. W h e r e a n y p r o p e r t y t h e s a l e o f O r d e r is s u b j e c t to a p r i o r m o r t g a g e , the of the prior mortgagee, direct that the same, giving to such prior mortgagee the of the sale as he h a d in the p r o p e r t y sold. w h i c h is directed u n d e r this court m a y , with the consent p r o p e r t y b e s o l d free f r o m t h e s a m e interest i n t h e p r o c e e d s
Power to enlarge time

Decree where nothing is found due or where mortgagee has been over paid

Costs of mortgagee subsequent to decree

Right of mesne mort gagee to redeem and foreclose Sale of property subject to prior mortgage

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13.-(1) S u c h p r o c e e d s s h a l l b e b r o u g h t i n t o c o u r t a n d a p p l i e d a s follows: first, i n p a y m e n t o f all e x p e n s e s i n c i d e n t a l t o t h e s a l e o r p r o p e r l y incurred in any attempted sale; secondly, in P a y m e n t of whatever is due to the prior mortgagee on account of the prior mortgage, and of costs, properly incurred in connection therewith; t h i r d l y , i n p a y m e n t o f all i n t e r e s t d u e o n a c c o u n t o f t h e m o r t g a g e in c o n s e q u e n c e w h e r e o f the sale w a s directed, and of the costs of the suit in w h i c h the decree directing the sale w a s m a d e ; fourthly, in p a y m e n t of the principal m o n e y due on account of that m o r t g a g e ; and lastly, t h e r e s i d u e (if a n y ) shall b e p a i d t o t h e p e r s o n p r o v i n g him self t o b e i n t e r e s t e d i n t h e p r o p e r t y sold, o r i f t h e r e a r e m o r e such persons than one, then to such persons according to their respective interests therein or u p o n their joint receipt. (2) N o t h i n g in this rule or in rule 12 shall be d e e m e d to affect the p o w e r s conferred by section 63 of the Land Registration Ordinance. 14. I n a s u i t f o r d e l i v e r y o f p o s s e s s i o n o f a m o r t g a g e d p r o p e r t y (where such possession is sought otherwise than by foreclosure) to the m o r t g a g e e by the m o r t g a g o r or by any other person in or alleged to be in p o s s e s s i o n of t h e p r o p e r t y t h e court m a y , if it is satisfied t h a t the plaintiff h a s a right to such p o s s e s s i o n pass a decree, subject to s u c h c o n d i t i o n s a s i t m a y t h i n k just, d i r e c t i n g t h e d e f e n d a n t t o deliver p o s s e s s i o n o f s u c h p r o p e r t y t o t h e plaintiff. 15. R e f e r e n c e s i n t h i s O r d e r t o r e t r a n s f e r r i n g m o r t g a g e d p r o p e r t y shall, in relation to land registered u n d e r the L a n d Registration Ordi nance, be construed as meaning discharging the mortgage. 16. A l l t h e p r o v i s i o n s c o n t a i n e d i n t h i s O r d e r w h i c h a p p l y t o a m o r t g a g e s h a l l , s o far a s m a y b e , a p p l y t o m o r t g a g e s a n d l i e n s b y d e p o s i t o f title d e e d s a n d t o statutory c h a r g e s .

Cap. 334
Suit for possession

Interpreta. tion

Mortgages by the deposit of title deeds and charges

ORDER XXXIII INTERPLEADER

Plaint i n
t e ts rpleader

u i

statements

1. In every suit of interpleader the plaint shall, in addition to other necessary for plaints, state(a) that the plaintiff claims no interest in the subject-matter in dispute other than for charges or costs; (b) t h e c l a i m s m a d e b y t h e d e f e n d a n t s s e v e r a l l y ; a n d (c) t h a t t h e r e i s n o c o l l u s i o n b e t w e e n t h e plaintiff a n d a n y o f t h e defendants.

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2 . W h e r e t h e t h i n g c l a i m e d i s c a p a b l e o f b e i n g p a i d i n t o c o u r t , o r Payment o f Placed in the custody of the. court, the plaintiff m a y be required to so p a y o r p l a c e i t b e f o r e h e c a n b e e n t i t l e d t o a n y o r d e r i n t h e suit. into court 3. W h e r e any of the defendants in an interpleader suit is, actually s u i n g t h e p l a i n t i f f i n r e s p e c t o f t h e s u b j e c t - m a t t e r o f s u c h suit, t h e c o u r t i n w h i c h , t h e suit a g a i n s t t h e plaintiff i s p e n d i n g shall, o n b e i n g i n f o r m e d by, the court in w h i c h the interpleader-suit has b e e n instituted, stay the p r o c e e d i n g s as against h i m ; , and his costs in the suit so stayed m a y b e p r o v i d e d f o r i n s u c h s u i t ; b u t if, a n d i n s o f a r a s , t h e y a r e n o t p r o v i d e d for i n t h a t s u i t , t h e y m a y b e a d d e d t o h i s c o s t s i n c u r r e d i n the interpleader-suit. 4 . ( 1 ) A t t h e first h e a r i n g t h e c o u r t m a y (a) d e c l a r e t h a t t h e p l a i n t i f f is d i s c h a r g e d f r o m all liability to t h e d e f e n d a n t s i n r e s p e c t o f t h e t h i n g c l a i m e d , a w a r d h i m his c o s t s , and dismiss him from the suit; or ( b ) i f i t t h i n k s t h a t j u s t i c e o r c o n v e n i e n c e s o r e q u i r e , r e t a i n all p a r t i e s u n t i l t h e final d i s p o s a l o f t h e suit. (2) W h e r e the c o u r t finds that the a d m i s s i o n s of the parties or other e v i d e n c e e n a b l e it to do so, it m a y adjudicate the title to t h e t h i n g claimed. (3) W h e r e the admissions of the parties do not enable the court so to adjudicate, it m a y direct(a) t h a t a n i s s u e o r i s s u e s b e t w e e n t h e p a r t i e s b e f r a m e d a n d t r i e d , and (b) t h a t any c l a i m a n t be m a d e a plaintiff in lieu of or in a d d i t i o n t o t h e o r i g i n a l plaintiff, and shall p r o c e e d to try the suit in the ordinary m a n n e r . 5. N o t h i n g in this order shall be d e e m e d to enable agents to sue t h e i r p r i n c i p a l s , o r t e n a n t s t o s u e t h e i r l a n d l o r d s , for t h e p u r p o s e o f compelling them to interplead with any persons other than persons making claim through such principals or landlords. 6. W h e r e t h e suit is p r o p e r l y instituted the c o u r t m a y p r o v i d e for the costs of the original plaintiff by giving h i m a charge on the thing c l a i m e d o r i n s o m e o t h e r effectual w a y .

t h i n g c l a i m e d

Procedure where defendant is suing plaintiff

Procedure at first hearing

Agents and tenants may not institute interpleadersuits

Charge for plaintiff's

c o s t s

ORDER XXXIV SPECIAL CASE

Parties of fact or l a w question in the that, u p o n t h e claiming to be interested in the decision of any question m a y enter into an agreement in writing stating such form of a case for the opinion of the court, and p r o v i d i n g finding of the court with respect to such questionPower to state case for court's opinion

(a) a s u m of m o n e y fixed by parties or to be d e t e r m i n e d by the court shall be paid by one, of the parties to the other of t h e m ; or

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(b) s o m e property, m o v a b l e or i m m o v a b l e , specified in the agreement, shall b e d e l i v e r e d b y o n e o f t h e parties t o the o t h e r o f t h e m ; o r (c) o n e o r m o r e o f t h e p a r t i e s shall d o , o r refrain f r o m d o i n g s o m e other particular act specified in the agreement. ( 2 ) E v e r y c a s e stated u n d e r this rule shall b e d i v i d e d into c o n s e c u lively n u m b e r e d p a r a g r a p h s , and shall concisely state such facts and specify such d o c u m e n t s as m a y be necessary to enable the court to decide the question raised thereby. l of subject matter must
h e r e v a u e

2 . W h e r e t h e a g r e e m e n t i s for t h e d e l i v e r y o f a n y p r o p e r t y , o r f o r t h e d o i n g , or t h e r e f r a i n i n g f r o m d o i n g , a n y p a r t i c u l a r act t h e e s t i m a t e d value of the property to be delivered, or to w h i c h the act specified has reference, shall b e stated i n the agreement. 3.-(l) T h e a g r e e m e n t , i f f r a m e d i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h t h e r u l e s h e r e i n m a y b e filed i n the c o u r t w h i c h w o u l d h a v e jurisdic a suit the a m o u n t or v a l u e of the subject-matter of w h i c h is the same as the amount or value of the subject-matter of the agreement. (2) T h e a g r e e m e n t , w h e n s o filed, shall be n u m b e r e d a n d r e g i s t e r e d as a suit b e t w e e n o n e or m o r e of the parties c l a i m i n g to be interested as plaintiff or plaintiffs, and the other or the others of t h e m as defendant o r d e f e n d a n t s a n d n o t i c e shall b e g i v e n t o all p a r t i e s t o t h e a g r e e m e n t other than the party or parties by w h o m it w a s presented.

b e s t a t e d

Agreement t o

be filed and b e f o r e c o n t a i n e d , registered as tion to entertain suit

parties to be subject to court's jurisdiction

4 . W h e r e t h e a g r e e m e n t h a s b e e n filed, t h e parties t o i t shall b e s u b j e c t t o t h e j u r i s d i c t i o n o f t h e c o u r t a n d s h a l l b e b o u n d b y t h e state ments contained therein.

Hearing and
d c a i s s p e o s a l o f

5.-(1) T h e c a s e s h a l l be s e t d o w n for h e a r i n g as a suit, i n s t i t u t e d in the ordinary m a n n e r , and the provisions of this C o d e shall apply. to s u c h s u i t s s o far a s t h e s a m e a r e a p p l i c a b l e . ( 2 ) W h e r e t h e c o u r t i s s a t i s f i e d , after e x a m i n a t i o n o f t h e p a r t i e s , a f t e r t a k i n g s u c h e v i d e n c e a s i t t h i n k s fit(a) that the a g r e e m e n t w a s d u l y e x e c u t e d b y t h e m ' , (b) that they h a v e and a b o n a fide interest m the question stated therein; or

(c) that the s a m e is fit to be d e c i d e d , it shall p r o c e e d to p r o n o u n c e , j u d g m e n t thereon, in the s a m e , w a y as i n a n o r d i n a r y suit a n d u p o n t h e j u d g m e n t s o p r o n o u n c e d a d e c r e e shall f o l l o w .

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ORDER XXXV
SUMMARY PROCEDURE 1 . T h i s O r d e r shall apply t o (a) suits u p o n b i l l s o f e x c h a n g e ( i n c l u d i n g c h e q u e s ) o r p r o m i s s o r y notes; (b) suits for t h e r e c o v e r y o f i n c o m e t a x ; a n d (c) suits a r i s i n g o u t o f m o r t g a g e , w h e t h e r l e g a l o r e q u i t a b l e , forA p p l i c a t i o n

of Order

(i) p a y m e n t o f m o n i e s s e c u r e d b y m o r t g a g e ; (ii) sale; (iii) foreclosure; (iv) d e l i v e r y o f p o s s e s s i o n o f t h e m o r t g a g e d p r o p e r t y ( w h e r e s u c h possession is sought otherwise than by foreclosure) to the m o r t g a g e e b y t h e m o r t g a g o r o r b y a n y o t h e r p e r s o n in. o r alleged to be in possession of the m o r t g a g e d property; (v) r e d e m p t i o n ; or (vi) retransfer or d i s c h a r g e , where the plaintiff desires to proceed hereunder.
I n s t i t u t i o n

2.-(1) S u i t s t o which this O r d e r applies shall be instituted by presenting a plaint in the usual form but endorsed ''Order X X X V : S u m m a r y Procedure'' and the s u m m o n s shall inform the defendant t h a t u n l e s s he o b t a i n s l e a v e f r o m t h e c o u r t to d e f e n d t h e suit, a decision m a y be given against h i m and shall also inform h i m of the m a n n e r i n w h i c h a p p l i c a t i o n m a y b e m a d e for leave t o defend. (2) In any case in w h i c h the plaint and s u m m o n s are in such f o r m s . r e s p e c t i v e l y , t h e d e f e n d a n t s h a l l n o t a p p e a r o r d e f e n d t h e suit u n l e s s he obtains leave from the Judge or magistrate as hereinafter provided so to appear and defend; and, in default of his obtaining such leave or of his a p p e a r a n c e a n d defence in p u r s u a n c e thereof, the allegations in the plaint shall be d e e m e d to be admitted, and the plaintiff shall be entitled: (a) w h e r e , the suit is , u p o n , a bill of e x c h a n g e . or p r o m i s s o r y n o t e s o r f o r t h e r e c o v e r y o f i n c o m e t a x o r for, t h e r e c o v e r y o f m o n e y u n d e r a m o r t g a g e a n d n o o t h e r relief i n r e s p e c t o f s u c h m o r t g a g e is c l a i m e d , to a d e c r e e , for any s u m n o t e x c e e d i n g the s u m m e n t i o n e d in the s u m m o n s together with interest at the rate s p e c i f i e d (if a n y ) a n d s u c h s u m f o r c o s t s a s m a y , b e p r e s c r i b e d , unless the plaintiff claims m o r e t h a n such fixed s u m , in w h i c h case the costs shall be ascertained the ordinary w a y , and such decree m a y be executed forthwith; (b) w h e r e t h e suit arises o u t of it m o r t g a g e a n d is for f o r e c l o s u r e , sale, delivery of possession, r e d e m p t i o n or retransfer, to a decree accordance with the provision of Order X X X I I and other provisions of this C o d e and such decree m a y , unless it is a preliminary decree, be executed forthwith.

o fs u m m a r y

suits

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Defendant 3.-(1) The court shall, upon application by the defendant, give showing l e a v e t o a p p e a r a n d t o d e f e n d the suit, u p o n affidavits w h i c h defence on merits to have (a) d i s c l o s e s u c h facts a s w o u l d m a k e i t i n c u m b e n t o n t h e h o l d e r leave to p r o v e c o n s i d e r a t i o n , w h e r e the suit is, on a bill. of e x c h a n g e to appear or promissory note; or (b) d i s c l o s e s u c h facts a s t h e court m a y d e e m sufficient t o s u p p o r t the application. (2) Leave to defend m a y be given unconditionally or subject to such. terms as to p a y m e n t into court, giving security, framing and recording. i s s u e s o r o t h e r w i s e a s t h e c o u r t t h i n k s fit. Power to set aside decree 4. After d e c r e e the court m a y , u n d e r special c i r c u m s t a n c e s , set aside the decree, and if necessary stay or set aside execution, and, m a y give leave to the defendant to appear to the summons and to defend the suit, if it s e e m s r e a s o n a b l e to the c o u r t so to d o , a n d on s u c h t e r m s as the court thinks fit. 5 . I n a n y p r o c e e d i n g u n d e r t h i s O r d e r t h e c o u r t m a y o r d e r t h e bill o r n o t e o n w h i c h t h e s u i t is f o u n d e d t o b e f o r t h w i t h d e p o s i t e d w i t h a n o f f i c e r o f t h e c o u r t a n d m a y f u r t h e r o r d e r t h a t all p r o c e e d i n g & s h a l l b e s t a y e d u n t i l t h e p l a i n t i f f g i v e s s e c u r i t y for t h e c o s t s t h e r e o f . 6. T h e h o l d e r of every d i s h o n o u r e d bill of e x c h a n g e or p r o m i s s o r y n o t e shall h a v e the s a m e r e m e d i e s for t h e r e c o v e r y o f the e x p e n s e s

P o w e rt o

S^tobe deposited
w of it c h o o u ff i cer r t

Recovery o f
c o s t o f

noting nonacceptance o f i n c u r r e d in n o t i n g the s a m e for n o n - a c c e p t a n c e or n o n - p a y m e n t , or dishonoured o t h e r w i s e , b y r e a s o n o f s u c h d i s h o n o u r , a s h e h a s u n d e r t h i s O r d e r f o r bill or note the recovery of the amount of such bill or note. Procedure in suits 7. S a v e as provided by this Order, the procedure in suits hereunder shall be the s a m e as the p r o c e d u r e in suits instituted in the ordinary manner. ORDER XXXVI ARREST AND ATTACHMENT BEFORE JUDGMENT Arrest Where defendant may be called upon to furnish security for appearance before Judgment

1. W h e r e at any stage of a suit, o t h e r t h a n a suit of the n a t u r e referred to in section 14, clauses (a) to (d), the court is satisfied, by affidavit o r o t h e r w i s e (a) that the defendant, with intent to delay the plaintiff, or to avoid any process of the court or to obstruct or delay the execution of any decree that m a y be passed against h i m (i) has absconded or left the local limits of the jurisdiction of the court, or (ii) is about to abscond or leave the local limits of the jurisdiction of the court, or (iii) has disposed of or removed from the local limits of the j u r i s d i c t i o n o f t h e c o u r t h i s p r o p e r t y o r a n y p a r t thereof, o r

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(b) that the defendant is about to leave T a n z a n i a u n d e r circum s t a n c e s affording r e a s o n a b l e p r o b a b i l i t y t h a t t h e plaintiff w i l l o r m a y thereby be obstructed or delayed in the execution of any d e c r e e t h a t m a y b e p a s s e d a g a i n s t t h e d e f e n d a n t i n t h e suit, the court m a y issue a w a r r a n t to arrest the defendant and bring h i m before the court to, s h o w cause w h y he should not furnish security for h i s a p p e a r a n c e : Provided that the defendant shall not be arrested if he pays to the officer e n t r u s t e d w i t h t h e e x e c u t i o n o f t h e w a r r a n t a n y s u m s p e c i f i e d in the w a r r a n t as, sufficient to satisfy the p l a i n t i f f s c l a i m ; a n d s u c h sum shall be h e l d in deposit by the court until the suit is disposed of or until the further order of the court. 2.- (1) A court w h i c h h a s issued a w a r r a n t of arrest u n d e r rule 1 of this Order m a y , by telegram, request any district court within the area of w h o s e jurisdiction the defendant is believed to be, to arrest h i m and cause h i m to be taken under escort to the court which issued the warrant. (2) A t e l e g r a m sent u n d e r t h e p r o v i s i o n s of sub-rule (1) shall state(a) t h e n u m b e r a n d title o f t h e c a s e ; (b) the full n a m e of the defendant and the place where he is believed to b e ; (c) the amount of m o n e y u p o n p a y m e n t of w h i c h the defendant m a y be released; (d) that the p e r s o n applying for arrest h a s g i v e n security for the expenses of and the transport of the defendant and his escort to the court which issued the warrant; (e) t h e d a t e w h e n t h e w a r r a n t o f a r r e s t w a s issued. (3) O n r e c e i p t o f a t e l e g r a m s e n t i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h t h e p r o v i s i o n s of this rule, the court to w h i c h it is addressed shall issue a provisional warrant in accordance with the particulars contained in the telegram and shall cause the s a m e to be e x e c u t e d . 3 . - ( 1 ) W h e r e t h e d e f e n d a n t fails t o s h o w s u c h c a u s e t h e c o u r t Security shall order h i m either to deposit in court m o n e y or other property sufficient t o a n s w e r t h e c l a i m a g a i n s t h i m , o r t o f u r n i s h security for his a p p e a r a n c e at any t i m e w h e n called u p o n w h i l e the suit is p e n d i n g and until satisfaction of any decree that m a y be passed against h i m i n t h e s u i t , o r m a k e s u c h o r d e r a s i t t h i n k s fit i n . r e g a r d t o t h e s u m w h i c h m a y have been paid by the defendant under the proviso to rule 1 (2) E v e r y surety for the a p p e a r a n c e of a defendant shall b i n d himself, in default of such appearance, to pay any s u m of m o n e y w h i c h the defendant m a y be ordered to pay in the suit. 4.-(1) A surety for the a p p e a r a n c e of a defendant m a y at any t i m e apply to the court in which he became such from his obligation. Procedure o n
a b p y p s l u i c r e a t t y i o t n o

Request for arrest by telegram

surety to be discharged.

be discharged

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( 2 ) O n s u c h a p p l i c a t i o n b e i n g m a d e , t h e c o u r t shall s u m m o n t h e d e f e n d a n t t o a p p e a r o r , i t t h i n k s fit, m a y i s s u e , a w a r r a n t f o r h i s a r r e s t i n t h e first i n s t a n c e . (3) On the a p p e a r a n c e of the defendant in p u r s u a n c e of the s u m m o n s or warrant, or on his voluntary surrender, the court shall direct the surety to be d i s c h a r g e d from his obligation, and shall, call u p o n the d e f e n d a n t t o find f r e s h s e c u r i t y ,
Procedure where defendant fails to furnish security or find fresh security

5 . W h e r e t h e d e f e n d a n t fails t o c o m p l y w i t h a n y o r d e r u n d e r r u l e 3 or rule 4, the court m a y c o m m i t h i m as a civil prisoner until the d e c i s i o n of the suit or, w h e r e a decree is p a s s e d against the defendant, until the decree has b e e n satisfied: P r o v i d e d t h a t n o p e r s o n shall b e d e t a i n e d i n p r i s o n u n d e r this r u l e in any case for a longer period than six m o n t h s , n o r for a longer period than six w e e k s w h e n the a m o u n t or value of the subject-matter o f t h e s u i t d o e s n o t e x c e e d o n e h u n d r e d a n d fifty s h i l l i n g s : P r o v i d e d also that no person shall be detained in prison; u n d e r this r u l e after h e h a s c o m p l i e d w i t h s u c h o r d e r .

Attachment
Where
defendant m a y be called u p o n

before

Judgment

6 . - ( 1 ) W h e r e , a t a n y s t a g e o f a suit, t h e c o u r t i s s a t i s f i e d , b y affidavit or otherwise that the defendant, w i t h intent to obstruct or delay the execution, of any decree that m a y be passed against h i m (a) is about to dispose of the w h o l e or any part of his property, or (b) is about to remove the whole or any part of his property from the l o c a l limits of the jurisdiction of the court, t h e c o u r t m a y d i r e c t t h e d e f e n d a n t , w i t h i n a t i m e t o b e f i x e d b y it, either to furnish security, in such s u m as m a y be specified in the order, to produce and place at the disposal of the court, w h e n required, the said property or the value of the same, or such portion thereof as m a y b e sufficient t o satisfy the d e c r e e , o r t o a p p e a r a n d s h o w c a u s e w h y he should not furnish security. (2) T h e plaintiff shall, unless the court otherwise directs, specify the p r o p e r t y r e q u i r e d to be attached a n d the e s t i m a t e d v a l u e thereof. ( 3 ) T h e c o u r t m a y a l s o i n t h e o r d e r d i r e c t t h e c o n d i t i o n a l attach m e n t o f t h e w h o l e o r a n y p o r t i o n o f t h e p r o p e r t y s o specified.

to furnish
security for production of property

Attachment where cause

shown or
security not property

7.-(1) W h e r e t h e d e f e n d a n t fails t o s h o w c a u s e w h y h e s h o u l d n o t f u r n i s h s e c u r i t y , o r fails t o f u r n i s h t h e s e c u r i t y r e q u i r e d , w i t h i n t h e time-fixed by the court, the court m a y order that the property specified, o r s u c h p o r t i o n t h e r e o f a s a p p e a r s sufficient t o satisfy a n y d e c r e e w h i c h m a y b e p a s s e d i n the suit, b e attached. (2) W h e r e the defendant s h o w s such c a u s e or furnishes the required security and the property specified or any portion of it has, been attached, the court shall order the a t t a c h m e n t to be w i t h d r a w n , or m a k e s u c h o t h e r o r d e r a s i t t h i n k s fit.

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8 . S a v e a s o t h e r w i s e e x p r e s s l y p r o v i d e , t h e a t t a c h m e n t , shall b e m a d e i n t h e m a n n e r p r o v i d e d for t h e a t t a c h m e n t o f t h e p r o p e r t y i n e x e c u t i o n of a d e c r e e . 9. W h e r e any claim is preferred to property attached before judg m e n t , such claim shall be investigated in the m a n n e r hereinbefore p r o v i d e d for the, investigation of c l a i m s to p r o p e r t y attached in e x e c u t i o n o f a d e c r e e for t h e p a y m e n t o f m o n e y . 10. W h e r e a n o r d e r i s m a d e f o r a t t a c h m e n t b e f o r e j u d g m e n t , t h e court shall order the attachment to be w i t h d r a w n w h e n the defendant f u r n i s h e s the security r e q u i r e d , t o g e t h e r w i t h security for the c o s t s o f t h e a t t a c h m e n t , o r w h e n t h e suit i s d i s m i s s e d .

Mode of making attachment Investigation of claim to property attached before judgment Removal of attachment when security furnished or suit dismissed Attachment before judgment not to affect rights of strangers nor bar decreeholder from applying for sale Property attached before judgment not to be re-attached in execution of decree Agricultural produce not attachable before judgment

11. A t t a c h m e n t b e f o r e j u d g m e n t s h a l l n o t a f f e c t t h e . r i g h t s , e x i s t i n g prior to the attachment, of p e r s o n s not parties to the suit,. nor bar any p e r s o n h o l d i n g a d e c r e e a g a i n s t t h e d e f e n d a n t f r o m a p p l y i n g for t h e s a l e of the property, under attachment. in execution of such decree.

12. W h e r e p r o p e r t y i s u n d e r a t t a c h m e n t b y v i r t u e o f t h e p r o v i s i o n s of, t h i s O r d e r a n d a d e c r e e i s s u b s e q u e n t l y p a s s e d i n f a v o u r o f t h e plaintiff, i t s h a l l n o t b e n e c e s s a r y u p o n a n a p p l i c a t i o n f o r e x e c u t i o n o f s u c h d e c r e e t o a p p l y for r e - a t t a c h m e n t o f t h e p r o p e r t y .

13. N o t h i n g i n t h i s O r d e r s h a l l b e d e e m e d t o a u t h o r i z e t h e p l a i n t i f f t o a p p l y for t h e a t t a c h m e n t O f a n y a g r i c u l t u r a l p r o d u c e i n t h e p o s s e s s i o n o f a n a g r i c u l t u r i s t , o r t o e m p o w e r t h e c o u r t t o o r d e r t h e attach ment or production of such produce. ORDER XXXVII TEMPORARY INJUNCTIONS AND INTERLOCUTORY ORDERS Temporary Injunctions

1. W h e r e in a n y suit it is p r o v e d by affidavit or o t h e r w i s e (a) t h a t any p r o p e r t y in d i s p u t e in a suit is in d a n g e r of b e i n g w a s t e d , d a m a g e d , or alienated by any p a r t y to t h e suit or suffer v a l u e b y r e a s o n o f its c o n t i n u e d u s e b y a n y p a r t y t o the suit, or w r o n g l y sold, in e x e c u t i o n of a d e c r e e , or (b) t h a t t h e d e f e n d a n t t h r e a t e n s , o r i n t e n d s , t o r e m o v e o r d i s p o s e o f his wrongly with view to defraud his creditors, the court m a y by order grant a t e m p o r a r y injuftction to restrain such act, o r m a k e s u c h o t h e r o r d e r for t h e p u r p o s e o f staying a n d p r e v e n t i n g the wasting, d a m a g i n g , alienation, sale, loss in value, r e m o v a l or d i s p o s i t i o n o f t h e p r o p e r t y a s t h e c o u r t t h i n k s fit, u n t i l t h e d i s p o s a l O f
...

cases in which temporary injunction may be granted

the

suit or until further orders.

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2.-(l) I n a n y s u i t for r e s t r a i n i n g t h e d e f e n d a n t f r o m , c o m m i t t i n g a breach of contract or other injury of any kind, w h e t h e r c o m p e n s a t i o n is c l a i m e d i n t h e s u i t o r n o t , t h e p l a i n t i f f m a y , a t a n y t i m e , after t h e c o m m e n c e m e n t o f t h e s u i t , a n d e i t h e r b e f o r e o r after j u d g m e n t , a p p l y to t h e court for a t e m p o r a r y injunction to restrain the d e f e n d a n t from c o m m i t t i n g t h e b r e a c h o f c o n t r a c t o r i n j u r y c o m p l a i n e d of, o r a n y b r e a t h of contract or injury of a like kind arising out of the' s a m e contract or relating to the same property or right. (2) -The court m a y by order grant such injunction, on such t e r m s as to the duration of the injunction, keeping an account, giving security, o r o t h e r w i s e , a s t h e c o u r t t h i n k s fit. (3) In case of disobedience, or of b r e a c h of any such t e r m s , the court granting an injunction m a y order the property of the person guilty of such disobedience or b r e a c h to be attached, and m a y also order such p e r s o n t o b e d e t a i n e d a s a c i v i l p r i s o n e r for a t e r m n o t e x c e e d i n g s i x m o n t h s , unless in the m e a n t i m e the court directs his release. ( 4 ) N o a t t a c h m e n t u n d e r t h i s r u l e s h a l l r e m a i n i n f o r c e for m o r e than one year, at the end of which time, if the disobedience or breach continues, the property attached m a y be sold, and out of the proceeds t h e c o u r t m a y a w a r d s u c h c o m p e n s a t i o n a s i t t h i n k s fit, a n d s h a l l p a y the balance, if any, to the party entitled thereto.

Before granting injunction court to direct notice to opposite party O r d e r for injunction may be discharged, v a r i e d or set aside Injunction to corporation binding on its officers

3 . T h e c o u r t s h a l l i n all c a s e s , e x c e p t w h e r e i t a p p e a r s t h a t t h e o b j e c t o f g r a n t i n g t h e i n j u n c t i o n w o u l d b e d e f e a t e d b y t h e d e l a y , b e f o r e grant i n g a n i n j u n c t i o n , d i r e c t n o t i c e o f t h e a p p l i c a t i o n for t h e s a m e t o b e given to the opposite party.

4. A n y o r d e r for an injunction m a y be d i s c h a r g e d , or varied, or set aside by the court on application m a d e thereto by any party dissatisfied with such order. 5. An injunction directed to a corporation is binding not only on the c o r p o r a t i o n itself, b u t a l s o o n all m e m b e r s a n d o f f i c e r s o f t h e c o r p o r a tion w h o s e personal action it seeks to restrain.

Interlocutory
Power to order interim W e

Orders

6. T h e court m a y , on t h e application of any p a r t y to a suit, order the sale, by any person n a m e d in such order, and in such m a n n e r and on s u c h t e r m s a s i t t h i n k s fit, o f a n y m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y , b e i n g t h e s u b j e c t m a t t e r o f s u c h suit, o r a t t a c h e d b e f o r e j u d g m e n t i n s u c h suit, w h i c h is subject to s p e e d y and, natural d e c a y , or w h i c h for a n y o t h e r j u s t and sufficient cause it m a y be desirable to h a v e sold at o n c e .

7.-(1) T h e c o u r t m a y , o n t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f a n y p a r t y t o a suit, a n d Detention, preservation, o n s u c h t e r m s a s i t t h i n k s fitinspection, etc., o f ( a ) m a k e a n o r d e r for t h e d e t e n t i o n , p r e s e r v a t i o n o r i n s p e c t i o n o f a n y subjectp r o p e r t y w h i c h i s t h e s u b j e c t - m a t t e r o f s u c h suit, o r a s t o w h i c h m a t t e r of suit. any question m a y arise therein;

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(b) f o r all o r a n y o f t h e , p u r p o s e s a f o r e s a i d a u t h o r i z e a n y p e r s o n t o enter u p o n or into any land or, b u i l d i n g in the p o s s e s s i o n , of any o t h e r party to s u c h suit; a n d (c) f o r all o r a n y o f t h e p u r p o s e s a f o r e s a i d a u t h o r i z e a n y s a m p l e s t o be, taken, or any, observation to be m a d e or experiment to be tried, w h i c h m a y seem necessary or expedient for the p u r p o s e of o b t a i n i n g full i n f o r m a t i o n o r e v i d e n c e . ( 2 ) T h e p r o v i s i o n s as t o e x e c u t i o n o f p r o c e s s s h a l l a p p l y , mutatis mutandis, t o p e r s o n a u t h o r i z e d t o e n t e r u n d e r t h i s r u l e . 8.- ( 1 ) A n a p p l i c a t i o n b y t h e p l a i n t i f f for a n or rule 7 m a y be m a d e institution of the suit. order under rule 6
Application for such orders to be after notice

after n o t i c e t o t h e d e f e n d a n t a t a n y t i m e after

(2) An application by the defendant for a like order m a y be m a d e after n o t i c e t o t h e p l a i n t i f f a t a n y t i m e after a p p e a r a n c e . 9. W h e r e the subject-matter of a suit is m o n e y or s o m e other t h i n g capable of delivery, and any party thereto admits that he holds such m o n e y o r o t h e r t h i n g a s a t r u s t e e for a n o t h e r p a r t y , o r t h a t i t b e l o n g s or is due to another party, the court m a y order the same to be deposited in court or delivered to such last-named party, with or without security subject to the further direction of the court.

Deposits of money, etc., in court

ORDER XXXVIII
APPOINTMENT OF RECEIVERS
l.-(l) W h e r e i t a p p e a r s t o t h e c o u r t t o court m a y by orderbe just and convenient, the
Appointment of receivers

( a ) a p p o i n t a r e c e i v e r o f a n y p r o p e r t y , w h e t h e r b e f o r e o r after d e c r e e ; (b) r e m o v e any person from the possession or custody of the property; (c) c o m m i t the s a m e t o the p o s s e s s i o n , c u s t o d y o r m a n a g e m e n t o f the receiver; and ( d ) c o n f e r u p o n t h e r e c e i v e r all s u c h p o w e r s , a s t o b r i n g i n g a n d d e f e n d i n g suits and for the realization, m a n a g e m e n t , protection, preservation and improvement of the property, the collection of the rents and profits thereof, the application and disposal of such rents and profits, and the execution of d o c u m e n t s as the o w n e r h i m s e l f h a s , o r s u c h o f t h o s e p o w e r s a s t h e c o u r t t h i n k s fit. (2) N o t h i n g in this rule shall authorize the court to r e m o v e from the possession or custody of property any person w h o m any party to the suit h a s not a p r e s e n t right so to r e m o v e . 2. T h e court m a y by general or special order fix the a m o u n t to be paid as remuneration for the services of the receiver. 3. E v e r y receiver so appointed shallRumenuration Duties

(a) f u r n i s h s u c h s e c u r i t y (if a n y ) a s t h e c o u r t t h i n k s fit, d u l y t o a c c o u n t for w h a t h e s h a l l r e c e i v e i n r e s p e c t o f t h e p r o p e r t y ; (b) submit his directs; accounts at such periods and in such form as the court

(c) p a y t h e a m o u n t d u e f r o m h i m a s t h e c o u r t d i r e c t s ; a n d

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(d) be responsible for any loss occasioned to the property by his willful default or gross n e g l i g e n c e .
E n f o r c e m e n t

Where

a receiver-

of receiver's duties

( a ) falls ''to s u b m i t h i s a c c o u n t s a t s u c h p e r i o d s , a n d i n s u c h f o r m a s the court directs; or ( b ) fails t o p a y t h e a m o u n t d u e f r o m h i m a s t h e c o u r t d i r e c t s ; o r (c) occasions loss to the property by his willful negligence, default or gross

t h e c o u r t m a y d i r e c t h i s p r o p e r t y t o b e a t t a c h e d a n d m a y , sell s u c h p r o p e r t y , a n d m a y a p p l y t h e p r o c e e d s t o m a k e g o o d any a m o u n t f o u n d to be due from h i m or any loss occasioned by h i m , and shall pay the b a l a n c e (if a n y ) to t h e receiver.

ORDER

XXXIX

APPEALS FROM ORIGINAL DECREES Form of

a p pe a l. w h a t to

Every appeal shall be preferred in the form of m e m o r a n d u m signed by the appellant or his advocate and presented to the H i g h Court accompany ( h e r e i n a f t e r i n t h i s O r d e r r e f e r r e d t o a s ''the C o u r t ' ' ) o r t o s u c h o f f i c e r memorandum a s i t a p p o i n t s i n t h i s b e h a l f . T h e m e m o r a n d u m s h a l l b e a c c o m p a n i e d by a copy of the decree appealed from and (unless the Court dispenses therewith) of the j u d g m e n t on w h i c h it is founded.
C o n t e n t s of

(2) The memorandum shall set forth, concisely and under distinct memorandum h e a d s , t h e g r o u n d s o f o b j e c t i o n t o t h e d e c r e e a p p e a l e d f r o m w i t h o u t a n y a r g u m e n t or narrative; and such g r o u n d s shall be n u m b e r e d consecu tively.

Grounds which may be taken on appeal

2. T h e appellant shall not, e x c e p t by leave of the Court, u r g e or be h e a r d in support of any g r o u n d of objection n o t set forth in the m e m o r a n d u m o f a p p e a l ; b u t t h e C o u r t , i n d e c i d i n g t h e a p p e a l , s h a l l n o t b e con fined to the g r o u n d s of objection set forth in the m e m o r a n d u m of appeal or taken by leave of the court under this rule: P r o v i d e d that the C o u r t shall n o t rest its d e c i s i o n o n a n y o t h e r g r o u n d u n l e s s t h e p a r t y w h o m a y b e a f f e c t e d t h e r e b y h a s h a d a suffi cient opportunity of contesting the case on that ground.

Rejection or amendment
of memorandum

3.-(l) W h e r e t h e m e m o r a n d u m o f a p p e a l i s n o t d r a w n u p i n t h e m a n n e r hereinbefore prescribed, it m a y be rejected, or be returned t o t h e a p p e l l a n t for t h e p u r p o s e o f b e i n g a m e n d e d w i t h i n a t i m e t o b e fixed by the, Court or be amended then and there. (2) Where the Court rejects any memorandum it shall record the r e a s o n s for s u c h , r e j e c t i o n . (3) W h e r e a m e m o r a n d u m of appeal amended the Judge, or such officer as he appoints in this behalf, shall sign or initial the amendment.

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4. W h e r e , there are m o r e plaintiffs or m o r e defendants t h a n o n e in suit, a n d t h e d e c r e e a p p e a l e d from p r o c e e d s o n any g r o u n d c o m m o n t o all t h e p l a i n t i f f s o r t o all t h e d e f e n d a n t s , a n y o n e o f t h e p l a i n t i f f s o r o f t h e d e f e n d a n t s m a y a p p e a l from t h e w h o l e d e c r e e , a n d t h e r e u p o n t h e C o u r t m a y , r e v e r s e , o r v a r y t h e d e c r e e i n f a v o r o f all t h e p l a i n t i f f s or defendants, as the case m a y be.

Stay

of

Proceedings

and

of

Execution

One of several plaintiffs or defendants may obtain reversal of whole decree where it proceeds on ground common to all Stay by appellate Court

5.-(1) A n a p p e a l s h a l l n o t o p e r a t e a s a s t a y o f p r o c e e d i n g s , , u n d e r a d e c r e e o r o r d e r a p p e a l e d f r o m e x c e p t s o far a s t h e C o u r t m a y o r d e r , n o r shall e x e c u t i o n of a decree be stayed by r e a s o n only of an appeal h a v i n g b e e n p r e f e r r e d f r o m t h e d e c r e e ; b u t t h e C o u r t m a y for s u f f i c i e n t cause order stay of execution of such decree. ( 2 ) W h e r e a n a p p l i c a t i o n i s m a d e for s t a y o f e x e c u t i o n o f a n appeal able d e c r e e before the expiration of the t i m e a l l o w e d for a p p e a l i n g there from, the court w h i c h p a s s e d the decree m a y on sufficient cause s h o w n order the execution to be stayed. (3) N o o r d e r for stay o f e x e c u t i o n shall. b e m a d e u n d e r s u b - r u l e (1) or sub-rule (2) u n l e s s the H i g h C o u r t or the court m a k i n g it is satisfied( a ) t h a t s u b s t a n t i a l l o s s , m a y r e s u l t t o t h e p a r t y - a p p l y i n g for s t a y of execution unless the order is m a d e ; (b) that the application has b e e n m a d e w i t h o u t u n r e a s o n a b l e d e l a y ; and (c) that, security h a s b e e n g i v e n by the applicant for the d u e perform ance of such decree or order as m a y ultimately be binding upon him. (4) N o t w i t h s t a n d i n g a n y t h i n g c o n t a i n e d i n s u b - r u l e (3), t h e c o u r t m a y m a k e a n ex-parte o r d e r for s t a y o f e x e c u t i o n p e n d i n g t h e h e a r i n g o f the application. 6.-(1) W h e r e a n o r d e r i s m a d e f o r t h e e x e c u t i o n o f a d e c r e e f r o m w h i c h an appeal is pending, the court w h i c h p a s s e d the decree shall, on sufficient cause b e i n g s h o w n by the appellant, require security to b e t a k e n for t h e r e s t i t u t i o n o f a n y p r o p e r t y w h i c h m a y b e o r h a s b e e n t a k e n in e x e c u t i o n of t h e d e c r e e or for the p a y m e n t , of the v a l u e of p r o p e r t y a n d for t h e d u e p e r f o r m a n c e o f t h e d e c r e e o r o r d e r o f t h e court, o r the C o u r t m a y for like c a u s e direct the c o u r t w h i c h p a s s e d the decree to take such security. ( 2 ) W h e r e a n o r d e r h a s b e e n m a d e for t h e s a l e o f i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y in execution of a decree, and an appeal is p e n d i n g from such decree, the sale shall, on the application of the j u d g m e n t - d e b t o r to the court w h i c h m a d e the order, be stayed on such terms as to giving security or o t h e r w i s e a s t h e c o u r t t h i n k s fit u n t i l t h e a p p e a l i s d i s p o s e d of. 7. No such security as m e n t i o n e d rules 5 a n d 6 shall be required from the G o v e r n m e n t or, w h e r e the G o v e r n m e n t h a s u n d e r t a k e n the d e f e n c e o f t h e s u i t , f r o m a n y p u b l i c o f f i c e r s u e d i n r e s p e c t o f a n act a l l e g e d t o d o n e b y h i m i n h i s official c a p a c i t y ,

Stay by court which passed the decree

Security in case of order for execution of decree appealed from

No security to be required from the Government or a public officer in certain cases

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Exercise of

powers in
appeal from order m a d e in execution of decree Registration of memorandum of appeal Register of Appeals Appellate Court may required appellant to furnish security for costs

8. T h e p o w e r s conferred by rules 5 and 6 shall, be. exercisable w h e r e an appeal m a y be or has been preferred not from the decree but from an order made in execution of such decree.

Procedure

on

Admission

of

Appeal

9.-(1) W h e r e a m e m o r a n d u m o f a p p e a l i s a d m i t t e d , t h e C o u r t o r the p r o p e r officer of the C o u r t shall e n d o r s e t h e r e o n the date of p r e s e n t a t i o n , a n d s h a l l r e g i s t e r t h e a p p e a l i n a b o o k t o b e k e p t for t h e purpose. (2) S u c h b o o k shall b e c a l l e d t h e R e g i s t e r o f A p p e a l s .

1 0 . - (1) T h e C o u r t m a y i n its d i s c r e t i o n , e i t h e r b e f o r e t h e r e s p o n d e n t is called u p o n to appear and answer or afterwards on the application o f t h e r e s p o n d e n t , d e m a n d f r o m t h e a p p e l l a n t s e c u r i t y for t h e c o s t s o f t h e a p p e a l , o r o f t h e o r i g i n a l suit, o r o f b o t h :

Where a n P r o v i d e d t h a t t h e C o u r t s h a l l d e m a n d s u c h s e c u r i t y i n all c a s e s i n appellant w h i c h the appellant is residing out of Tanzania, and is not possessed resides out o f o f a n y s u f f i c i e n t i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y w i t h i n T a n z a n i a o t h e r t h a n t h e p r o p e r t y (if a n y ) t o w h i c h t h e a p p e a l r e l a t e s .
T a n z a n i a

(2) W h e r e s u c h s e c u r i t y i s n o t f u r n i s h e d w i t h i n s u c h t i m e a s t h e Court orders the Court shall reject the appeal.

Power to dismiss appeal without sending notice t o lower court

1 1 . - ( l ) T h e C o u r t , after s e n d i n g f o r t h e r e c o r d i f i t t h i n k s fit s o t o d o , a n d after f i x i n g a d a y f o r h e a r i n g t h e a p p e l l a n t o r h i s a d v o c a t e and hearing him accordingly if he appears on that day, m a y dismiss the appeal without sending notice to the court from w h o s e decree the appeal is preferred and without serving notice on the respondent or his advocate. (2) I f o n the d a y fixed o r a n y o t h e r d a y t o w h i c h the h e a r i n g m a y be adjourned the appellant does not appear w h e n the appeal is called on for hearing, the C o u r t m a y m a k e an order that the appeal be dismissed. (3) T h e d i s m i s s a l o f a n a p p e a l u n d e r this r u l e shall b e n o t i f i e d t o the court from w h o s e decree the appeal is preferred.

D a y for
h ap ea r i n g p e a l

12.-(1) Unless the Court dismisses the appeal s h a l l fix a d a y f o r h e a r i n g t h e a p p e a l .

under

rule

11, it

(2) S u c h d a y shall be fixed W i t h reference to the current b u s i n e s s of the Court, the place of residence of the respondent, and the time n e c e s s a r y for the service of the notice of appeal, so as to allow the r e s p o n d e n t sufficient t i m e to a p p e a r and, a n s w e r the appeal on such day.
H i g h Court to give notice t o court w h o s e decree appealed from

13.-(1) W h e r e t h e a p p e a l i s n o t d i s m i s s e d u n d e r r u l e 1 1 , t h e C o u r t shall s e n d notice of the appeal to the court from w h o s e d e c r e e the appeal is preferred.

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(2) The court receiving such notice shall send with all practicable
d i s p a t c h all m a t e r i a l p a p e r s i n t h e suit, o r s u c h p a p e r s a s m a y b e

T r a n s m i s s i o n

o fp a p e r s t o

specially called for by the Court. (3) Either party may apply in writing to the court from whose decree the appeal is preferred, specifying any of the papers in such court
of which he requires copies to be made; and copies of such paper s h a l l b e m a d e a t t h e e x p e n s e of, a n d g i v e n t o , t h e a p p l i c a n t .

High Court Copies of exhibits in court whose decree appealed from

14.-(1) Notice of the day fixed under rule 12 shall be fixed in the Court , and, a like notice shall be sent by the Court to the court from whose decree the appeal is preferred, and shall be served on the respondent or on his advocate acting for him in the Court in the manner provided for the service on a defendant of a summons; and all the provisions applicable to summons, and to proceedings with reference
to the service thereof, shall apply to the service of s u c h n o t i c e .

Publication and service of notice of day for hearing of appeal

(2) Instead of sending the notice to the court from whose decree

High Court

t h e a p p e a l i s p r e f e r r e d , t h e C o u r t m a y i t s e l f c a u s e t h e n o t i c e t o b e may itself s e r v e d o n t h e r e s p o n d e n t o r h i s a d v o c a t e u n d e r t h e p r o v i s i o n s a b o v e cause notice

referred to.

to be served

15. T h e notice to the r e s p o n d e n t shall declare that, if he d o e s n o t Contents of a p p e a r i n the C o u r t o n the day s o affixed, the appeal will b e h e a r d
n o t i c e

ex-parte.
Procedure on Hearing
Right to
b e g i n

16.- (1) On the day fixed, or on any other day to which the hearing
m a y b e adjourned, the appellant shall b e h e a r d i n support o f the a p p e a l .

(2) The Court shall then, if it does not dismiss the appeal at once,
hear the respondent against the appeal, and in such case the appellant

shall be entitled to reply. 17.-(1) Where on the day fixed, or on any other day to which the
hearing m a y be adjourned, the appellant does not appear w h e n the appeal i s called o n for h e a r i n g , the C o u r t m a y m a k e a n o r d e r that the a p p e a l
Dismissal of appeal for appellant's default Hearing appeal
ex-parte

be

dismissed. and the respondent does not appear,

(2) Where the appellant appears the appeal. shall be heard ex-parte.

18. W h e r e o n t h e d a y f i x e d , o r o n a n y o t h e r d a y t o w h i c h t h e h e a r i n g m a y be adjourned, it is found that the notice to the respondent has not b e e n served in c o n s e q u e n c e of the failure of the appellant to deposit, w i t h i n the period fixed,, the s u m required to defray the cost of serving the notice, the Court m a y m a k e an order that the appeal be dismissed: P r o v i d e d that n o such order shall b e m a d e although the notice h a s n o t been served u p o n the respondent, if on any such day the respondent a p p e a r s w h e n t h e a p p e a l i s c a l l e d o n for h e a r i n g .

Dismissal of appeal where notice not served in consequence of appellant's failure to deposit costs

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1 9 . W h e r e a n a p p e a l i s d i s m i s s e d u n d e r r u l e 1 1 , s u b - r u l e (2), o r r u l e , 1 7 o r rule 18, the a p p e l l a n t m a y apply t o the C o u r t for the r e - a d m i s s i o n o f t h e a p p e a l ; a n d , w h e r e i s p r o v e d t h a t h e w a s p r e v e n t e d b y a n y suffi c i e n t c a u s e f r o m a p p e a r i n g w h e n t h e , a p p e a l w a s c a l l e d o n for h e a r i n g or from depositing the s u m so required, the Cour t shall r e - a d m i t the a p p e a l o n s u c h t e r m s a s t o c o s t s o r o t h e r w i s e a s i t t h i n k s fit.
Power adjourn heating and direct persons appearing' interested to be made respondents Re-hearing on application of respondent against whom
ex-parte

20. W h e r e it, a p p e a r t o t h e C o u r t a t t h e h e a r i n g t h a t a n y p e r s o n w h o w a s a p a r t y t o t h e suit i n t h e c o u r t f r o m w h o s e d e c r e e t h e a p p e a l , preferred, but w h o h a s not been m a d e a party, to the appeal, is interested in the result of the appeal, the Court m a y adjourn the hearing to a future day to be fixed by the C o u r t and direct that such person be m a d e a respondent. 2 1 . W h e r e a n a p p e a l i s h e a r d ex-parte a n d j u d g m e n t i s p r o n o u n c e d against the respondent, he m a y apply to the Court to re-hear the appeal; and, if he satisfies the C o u r t that the notice w a s not duly served or that h e w a s p r e v e n t e d b y sufficient cause from appearing w h e n the appeal w a s called on for hearing, the C o u r t shall re-hear the appeal on such t e r m s a s t o c o s t s o r o t h e r w i s e a s i t t h i n k s fit t o i m p o s e u p o n h i m , 22.-(l) A n y r e s p o n d e n t , t h o u g h h e m a y n o t h a v e appealed from

decree made Upon hearing respondent may object to decree as preferred separate appeal

any part of the decree, m a y not only support the decree on any of the. grounds decided, against h i m in the court below, but take any crossobjection to the decree w h i c h he could have taken by w a y of appeal, p r o v i d e d h e h a s filed such objection i n the C o u r t w i t h i n o n e m o n t h from t h e d a t e o f s e r v i c e o n h i m o r h i s a d v o c a t e o f n o t i c e o f t h e d a y f i x e d for hearing the, appeal, or within such further time as the Court m a y see fit t o a l l o w . (2) Such cross-objection shall be in the form of a m e m o r a n d u m , and t h e p r o v i s i o n s o f r u l e 1 , s o far a s t h e y r e l a t e t o t h e f o r m a n d c o n t e n t s o f the m e m o r a n d u m o f appeal, shall apply t h e r e t o .

^'eoti d p ro v i s i o ns
a n n o b je c t i o a p p l i c a b l e

and

thereto

(3) U n l e s s t h e r e s p o n d e n t files w i t h t h e o b j e c t i o n a w r i t t e n a c k n o w l e d g m e n t from the p a r t y w h o m a y b e affected b y s u c h o b j e c t i o n or,, h i s a d v o c a t e , of h a v i n g r e c e i v e d a c o p y thereof, the C o u r t Shall c a u s e a c o p y t o b e s e r v e d , a s s o o n a s m a y b e after t h e , f i l i n g o f t h e , o b j e c t i o n , on such party or his advocate at the expense of the respondent. (4) W h e r e , in any case in w h i c h any r e s p o n d e n t h a s u n d e r this rule filed a m e m o r a n d u m of objection, the original appeal is w i t h d r a w n or is d i s m i s s e d for d e f a u l t , t h e o b j e c t i o n s o filed m a y n e v e r t h e l e s s b e h e a r d a n d d e t e r m i n e d after s u c h n o t i c e t o t h e o t h e r p a r t i e s a s t h e C o u r t t h i n k s fit Remand of
c H a i i g s g e h b C o u y o u r t

23. W h e r e t h e c o u r t f r o m w h o s e d e c r e e a n d a p p e a l i s p r e f e r r e d h a s d i s p o s e d of the suit u p o n a p r e l i m i n a r y p o i n t a n d the decree is r e v e r s e d i n , a p p e a l , t h e C o u r t m a y , i f i t t h i n k s fit, b y o r d e r r e m a n d t h e c a s e a n d m a y f u r t h e r d i r e c t w h a t i s s u e o r i s s u e s s h a l l b e fried i n t h e c a s e s o r e m a n d e d , a n d s h a l l s e n d a c o p y o f its j u d g m e n t a n d o r d e r t o t h e c o u r t

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from w h o s e decree the appeal is preferred, with directions to re-admit t h e suit u n d e r its o r i g i n a l n u m b e r i n t h e , r e g i s t e r o f c i v i l s u i t s , a n d p r o c e e d t o d e t e r m i n e t h e suit; a n d t h e e v i d e n c e ( i f a n y ) r e c o r d e d d u r i n g t h e o r i g i n a l t r i a l , s h a l l , s u b j e c t t o all j u s t e x c e p t i o n s , b e e v i d e n c e d u r i n g t h e t r i a l after r e m a n d . 24. W h e r e t h e e v i d e n c e u p o n t h e r e c o r d i s s u f f i c i e n t t o e n a b l e t h e C o u r t t o p r o n o u n c e j u d g m e n t , t h e C o u r t m a y , after r e - s e t t l i n g t h e i s s u e s , i f n e c e s s a r y , f i n a l l y d e t e r m i n e t h e s u i t , n o t w i t h s t a n d i n g t h a t th e judg m e n t o f t h e c o u r t . f r o m w h o s e d e c r e e t h e . a p p e a l i s p r e f e r r e d h a s pro ceeded wholly u p o n some ground other than that on w h i c h the C o u r t
. ..

proceeds.

Where evidence on record sufficient High Court may determine case finally

2 5 . W h e r e the court from w h o s e decree the appeal is preferred has o m i t t e d t o f r a m e o r t r y a n y i s s u e , o r t o d e t e r m i n e a n y q u e s t i o n o f fact, w h i c h appears to the C o u r t essential to the right decision of the suit u p o n the merits, the Court m a y , if necessary, frame issues, and refer the s a m e for t r i a l t o t h e c o u r t f r o m w h o s e d e c r e e t h e a p p e a l i s p r e f e r r e d , a n d i n such case shall direct such court to t a k e the additional e v i d e n c e required; and such court shall p r o c e e d to try such issues, and shall return the e v i d e n c e t o t h e C o u r t t o g e t h e r w i t h its f i n d i n g s t h e r e o n a n d t h e r e a s o n s therefor. 26.-(1) S u c h e v i d e n c e a n d f i n d i n g s shall f o r m p a r t o f t h e r e c o r d i n the suit; and either party m a y , within a time to be fixed by the Court, present a m e m o r a n d u m of objections to any finding. (2) A f t e r t h e e x p i r a t i o n o f t h e p e r i o d s o f i x e d for p r e s e n t i n g s u c h m e m o r a n d u m the Court shall p r o c e e d to determine the appeal.

Where High Court may frame issue and refer them for trial to court whose decree appealed from Findings and evidence to be put on record. Objections to finding Determina tion of appeal

27.-(1) T h e parties to an appeal shall not be entitled to p r o d u c e a d d i t i o n a l e v i d e n c e , w h e t h e r o r a l o r d o c u m e n t a r y , i n t h e C o u r t . B u t if(a) t h e c o u r t f r o m w h o s e d e c r e e t h e a p p e a l i s p r e f e r r e d h a s r e f u s e d to admit evidence which ought to have been admitted; or (b) t h e C o u r t r e q u i r e s a n y d o c u m e n t t o b e p r o d u c e d o r a n y w i t n e s s t o b e e x a m i n e d t o e n a b l e i t t o p r o n o u n c e j u d g m e n t , o r for a n y o t h e r substantial cause, the Court m a y allow such evidence or document to be produced, or witness to be examined. (2) W h e r e v e r a d d i t i o n a l e v i d e n c e i s a l l o w e d t o b e p r o d u c e d b y the C o u r t , t h e C o u r t shall r e c o r d t h e r e a s o n for its a d m i s s i o n . 28. W h e r e v e r , a d d i t i o n a l e v i d e n c e , a l l o w e d t o b e p r o d u c e d , t h e C o u r t m a y either take such evidence, or direct the court from w h o s e decree the appeal is preferred, or any other subordinate court, to take such e v i d e n c e a n d t o s e n d , it,. w h e n t a k e n , t o t h e C o u r t . 29. W h e r e a d d i t i o n a l e v i d e n c e i s d i r e c t e d o r a l l o w e d t o b e t a k e n , t h e , C o u r t shall specify the points to w h i c h the e v i d e n c e is, to be confined, a n d r e c o r d on its p r o c e e d i n g s , t h e i p o i n t s so specified.

Production of additional evidence in High Court

Mode of taking additional evidence

Points t o b e defined and recorded

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Judgment in Appeal wher^nd

w

h pronounced,
e r e

30. T h e C o u r t , after h e a r i n g t h e p a r t i e s o r t h e i r a d v o c a t e s a n d referring t o any part of t h e proceedings t o w h i c h reference m a y b e considered necessary, shall pronounce j u d g m e n t in open Court, either at o n c e or on s o m e future d a y of w h i c h notice shall be g i v e n to the parties or their advocates. 31. The j u d g m e n t of the C o u r t shall be in writing and shall state-

Contents, date and

signature of
judgment

(a) t h e p o i n t s f o r d e t e r m i n a t i o n ; (b) t h e d e c i s i o n t h e r e o n ; (c) t h e r e a s o n s for t h e d e c i s i o n ; a n d (d) where the decree appealed from is reversed or varied, the relief to which the appellant is entitled, a n d shall at the t i m e that it is p r o n o u n c e d be signed and dated by the Judge or by the Judges concurring therein. 32. T h e j u d g m e n t m a y b e for c o n f i r m i n g , v a r y i n g o r r e v e r s i n g t h e d e c r e e f r o m w h i c h the a p p e a l is preferred, or, if the parties to the a p p e a l agree as to the form w h i c h the decree in appeal shall take, or as to the order to be m a d e in appeal shall take, the C o u r t m a y p a s s a decree or m a k e an order accordingly. 33. T h e C o u r t s h a l l h a v e p o w e r t o p a s s a n y d e c r e e a n d m a k e a n y order which ought to have been passed or made and to pass or make s u c h further o r power may be is as to part or any of the parties m a y not o t h e r d e c r e e o r o r d e r a s the c a s e m a y r e q u i r e , a n d this exercised by the Court notwithstanding that the appeal o n l y o f t h e d e c r e e a n d m a y b e e x e r c i s e d i n f a v o u r o f all respondents or parties, although such respondents or have filed any appeal or objection.

What judgment may direct

Power of High Court

Dissent to be recorded

34. W h e r e t h e a p p e a l i s h e a r d b y m o r e J u d g e s t h a n o n e , any J u d g e dissenting from the j u d g m e n t of the Court shall state in writing the decision or order w h i c h he thinks should be passed on the appeal, and m a y state his reasons for the same. Decree in Appeal

D a t e and contents of decree

35.-(1) T h e decree of the Court shall bear date the day on which the j u d g m e n t w a s pronounced. (2) The decree shall contain the n u m b e r of the appeal, the n a m e s and descriptions of the appellant and respondent, and a clear specification of the relief granted or other adjudication m a d e . (3) The decree shall also state the amount of costs incurred in the appeal, and by w h o m , or out of what property, and in what proportion such costs and the costs in the suit are to be paid. (4) The decree shall be signed and dated by the Judge or Judges w h o p a s s e d it:

Judge dissenting from judgment need not sign decree

P r o v i d e d that w h e r e there are m o r e J u d g e s t h a n o n e a n d there is a difference of opinion among them, it shall not be necessary for any Judge dissenting from the j u d g m e n t of the Court to sign the decree,

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Copies of judgment and decree to be furnished to parties Certified copy of decree to be sent to court whose decree appealed from

161

36. C e r t i f i e d

of the j u d g m e n t and decree in appeal shall be

furnished to the parties on application to the Court and at their expense.

3 7 . A c o p y of the j u d g m e n t and of the decree, certified by the C o u r t or s u c h officer as it a p p o i n t s in this behalf, shall be sent to the c o u r t w h i c h p a s s e d the d e c r e e a p p e a l e d from a n d shall b e filed w i t h , the original p r o c e e d i n g s i n the suit, a n d a n entry o f the j u d g m e n t o f the C o u r t shall b e m a d e i n t h e r e g i s t e r o f civil suits.

ORDER XL APPEALS FROM ORDERS

1 . A n a p p e a l s h a l l lie f r o m t h e f o l l o w i n g o r d e r s u n d e r t h e p r o v i s i o n s of section 74, n a m e l y (a) a n o r d e r u n d e r r u l e 1 0 o f O r d e r V I I r e t u r n i n g a p l a i n t t o b e p r e s e n t e d to t h e p r o p e r court; (b) an order, u n d e r rule 14 of O r d e r V I I I p r o n o u n c i n g j u d g m e n t against a party; (c) an o r d e r u n d e r r u l e 9 of O r d e r IX r e j e c t i n g an a p p l i c a t i o n (in a ( i n c a s e o p e n t o a p p e a l ) f o r a n o r d e r t o set a s i d e t h e d i s m i s s a l o f a suit; (d) an o r d e r u n d e r rule 13 of O r d e r IX rejecting an application (in a case o p e n to appeal) for an order to set aside a decree or j u d g m e n t p a s s e d ex-parte; (e) an o r d e r u n d e r rule 4 of O r d e r X p r o n o u n c i n g j u d g m e n t against a party; (f) a n o r d e r u n d e r r u l e 1 8 o f O r d e r X I ; (g) a n o r d e r u n d e r rule 1 0 o f O r d e r X V I for t h e a t t a c h m e n t o f property; (h) a n order u n d e r rule 2 0 o f O r d e r X V I p r o n o u n c i n g j u d g m e n t against a party; (i) a n o r d e r u n d e r r u l e 3 2 o f O r d e r X X I o n a n o b j e c t i o n t o t h e draft of a d o c u m e n t or of an e n d o r s e m e n t ; (j) a n o r d e r u n d e r r u l e 7 0 o r r u l e 9 0 o f O r d e r X X I s e t t i n g a s i d e o r r e f u s i n g to set a s i d e a s a l e ; (k) a n o r d e r u n d e r r u l e 9 o f O r d e r X X I I r e f u s i n g t o set a s i d e t h e a b a t e m e n t or d i s m i s s a l of a suit; (1) an order u n d e r rule leave; 10 of Order X X I I giving or refusing to give Appeal from orders

(m) an order u n d e r rule 3 of O r d e r X X I I I recording or refusing to record an agreement, c o m p r o m i s e or satisfaction; ( n ) a n o r d e r u n d e r r u l e 2 o f O r d e r X X V r e j e c t i n g a n a p p l i c a t i o n for an o r d e r to set a s i d e t h e d i s m i s s a l of a suit;

11

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(o) an order u n d e r rule 3 or rule 8 of O r d e r X X X I I refusing t o e x t e n d t h e t i m e for the p a y m e n t o f M o r t g a g e - m o n e y ; (p) order in interpleader-suits u n d e r rule 3, rule 4 or rule 6 of O r d e r XXXIII; (q) an o r d e r u n d e r rule 3, rule 4 or rule 7 of O r d e r X X X V I ; (r) a n o r d e r u n d e r r u l e 1 , r u l e 2 , r u l e 4 o r r u l e 9 o f O r d e r X X X V I I ; (s) a n o r d e r u n d e r r u l e 1 o r r u l e 4 o f O r d e r , X X X V I I I ; (t) a n o r d e r o f r e f u s a l u n d e r r u l e 1 9 o f O r d e r X X X I X t o r e - a d m i t or under rule 21 of O r d e r X X X I X to re-hear, an appeal; (u) a n o r d e r u n d e r r u l e 2 3 o f O r d e r X X X I X r e m a n d i n g a c a s e , w h e r e a n a p p e a l w o u l d lie from t h e d e c r e e o f t h e H i g h C o u r t ; (v) a n o r d e r u n d e r r u l e 4 o f O r d e r X L I I g r a n t i n g a n a p p l i c a t i o n for review. Procedure 2 . T h e r u l e s o f O r d e r X X X I X s h a l l a p p l y , s o far a s m a y b e , t o appeals from orders. ORDER XLI REFERENCE
Reference to question to High Court

1. W h e r e , before or on the h e a r i n g of a suit in w h i c h the d e c r e e is n o t S u b j e c t t o A p p e a l , o r w h e r e , i n the e x e c u t i o n o f a n y s u c h d e c r e e , any question of l a w or u s a g e having the force of l a w arises, on w h i c h the c o u r t t r y i n g t h e suit o r a p p e a l , o r e x e c u t i n g t h e d e c r e e , e n t e r t a i n s r e a s o n a b l e , d o u b t , t h e c o u r t m a y , e i t h e r o f its o w n m o t i o n o r o n t h e application of any of the parties, d r a w up a statement of the facts of the case and the point on w h i c h d o u b t is entertained, and refer such s t a t e m e n t w i t h its o w n o p i n i o n o n t h e p o i n t f o r t h e d e c i s i o n o f t h e High Court.

Court may 2.The court m a y either stay the p r o c e e d i n g s or p r o c e e d in the pass decree an order contingent upon the decision of the High Court on the point contingement referred; but no decree or order shall be executed in any case in w h i c h upon s u c h refer . . e . n c e i s m a d e u n t i l t h e r e c e i p t o f a c o p y o f t h e j u d g m e n t o f decision of the High Court u p o n the reference. High Court Judgment of High Court to be transmitted, and case disposed of accordinaly
Costs of Reference to High Court Power to alter, etc decree of court making reference

3 . T h e H i g h C o u r t , after h e a r i n g t h e p a r t i e s i f t h e y a p p e a r a n d desire to be h e a r d , shall decide the p o i n t so referred, and shall transmit a c o p y o f its j u d g m e n t , u n d e r t h e s i g n a t u r e o f t h e R e g i s t r a r , t o t h e court by w h i c h the reference, w a s m a d e ; and such court shall, on the receipt thereof, p r o c e e d to dispose of the case, in conformity w i t h the decision of the H i g h Court. the 4 . T h e c o s t s (if, a n y ) c o n s e q u e n t o n a r e f e r e n c e for t h e d e c i s i o n o f High Court shall be costs in the case.

5. W h e r e a case is referred to the H i g h Court u n d e r rule 1, the H i g h C o u r t m a y r e t u r n t h e c a s e for a m e n d m e n t , a n d alter, c a n c e l o r set aside a n y d e c r e e o r o r d e r w h i c h the c o u r t m a k i n g the r e f e r e n c e h a s p a s s e d o r m a d e i n the c a s e o u t o f w h i c h the r e f e r e n c e arose, a n d m a k e s u c h o r d e r a s i t t h i n k s fit.

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which a suit

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6.-(1) W h e r e at any t i m e before j u d g m e n t a court

h a s b e e n instituted, d o u b t s w h e t h e r the suit is cognizable by that court or is not so cognizable, it m a y submit the record to the H i g h Court w i t h a s t a t e m e n t o f its r e a s o n s for t h e d o u b t s a s t o t h e n a t u r e o f t h e suit. (2) O n r e c e i v i n g t h e r e c o r d a n d s t a t e m e n t , t h e H i g h C o u r t m a y o r d e r the court either to p r o c e e d w i t h the suit or to return the plaint for p r e s e n t a t i o n t o s u c h o t h e r c o u r t a s i t m a y i n its o r d e r d e c l a r e t o b e c o m p e t e n t to take cognizance of the suit. O R D E R XLII REVIEW 1.-(1) A n y person considering himself aggrievedan appeal is allowed, but from

Power to refer to High Court questions as to jurisdiction

(a) by a d e c r e e or from w h i c h

Application for r e v i e w of judgment

which no appeal has been preferred; or (b) by a d e c r e e or o r d e r f r o m w h i c h no a p p e a l is a l l o w e d , and w h o , from the discovery of n e w and important matter or evidence w h i c h , after t h e e x e r c i s e o f d u e d i l i g e n c e , w a s n o t w i t h i n h i s k n o w ledge or could not be produced by h i m at the time w h e n the, decree w a s p a s s e d or order m o d e , or, on account of s o m e mistake or error a p p a r e n t on the face of the record, or for any o t h e r sufficient r e a s o n desires to obtain a review of the decree passed or order m a d e against h i m , m a y apply for a review of j u d g m e n t to the court w h i c h passed the decree or made the order. (2) A party w h o is, n o t a p p e a l i n g , from a d e c r e e or, o r d e r m a y a p p l y for a r e v i e w of j u d g m e n t n o t w i t h s t a n d i n g the p e n d e n c y of an appeal by some other party except where the ground of such appeal is c o m m o n to the applicant and the appellant, or w h e n being respondent, he c a n p r e s e n t t o t h e a p p e l l a t e c o u r t t h e c a s e o n w h i c h h e a p p l i e s for the review. 2. An application for r e v i e w of a d e c r e e or o r d e r of a court, other than the High Court, upon some ground other than the discovery of such n e w and important matter or evidence as is referred to in rule 1 or the existence of a clerical or arithmetical m i s t a k e or error apparent on the face of the decree, shall be m a d e only to the m a g i s t r a t e w h o passed the decree or m a d e the order sought to be reviewed; but any such application m a y , if the magistrate w h o passed the decree or m a d e the o r d e r hat, ordered, notice to issue u n d e r rule 4, sub-rule (2) p r o v i s o (a), b e d i s p o s e d o f b y his successor.
To whom applications for review may be made

mutatis mutandis

3. The provision as to the form of preferring to applications for r e v i e w .

appeals

shall apply,

Form of applications for review

A p p l i c a t i o n

4.-(1) W h e r e it a p p e a r s to the court that there g r o u n d for a r e v i e w , it shall reject the a p p l i c a t i o n . (2) W h e r e the court is of o p i n i o n that the should b e g r a n t e d i t shall grant t h e s a m e :

is

not

sufficient

where rejected

application for r e v i e w

Application
w h e r e

granted

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(a) n o s u c h a p p l i c a t i o n shall b e g r a n t e d w i t h o u t p r e v i o u s n o t i c e t o the opposite party, to enable him to appear and be heard in s u p p o r t o f t h e d e c r e e o r o r d e r , a r e v i e w o f w h i c h a p p l i e d for; and (b) no such application shall be granted on the g r o u n d of discovery of n e w matter or evidence which the applicant alleges w a s not within his knowledge, or could not be adduced by h i m w h e n the d e c r e e o r o r d e r w a s p a s s e d o r m a d e , w i t h o u t strict p r o o f of such allegation. 5.- (1) W h e r e t h e J u d g e o r J u d g e s , o r any o n e o f t h e J u d g e s , w h o p a s s e d t h e d e c r e e o r m a d e t h e o r d e r , a r e v i e w o f w h i c h i s a p p l i e d for, continues or continue attached to the Court at the time w h e n the application for a r e v i e w is presented, and is not or are not p r e c l u d e d b y a b s e n c e o r o t h e r c a u s e for a , p e r i o d o f s i x m o n t h s n e x t after t h e a p p l i c a t i o n f r o m c o n s i d e r i n g t h e d e c r e e o r o r d e r t o w h i c h t h e applica tion refers, such J u d g e or J u d g e s or any of t h e m shall hear the application, and no other J u d g e or J u d g e s of the Court shall hear the same. (2) F o r the p u r p o s e s of this a n d the n e x t s u c c e e d i n g rule, ''Judge'' includes a magistrate. Application where rejected 6 . - (1) W h e r e t h e a p p l i c a t i o n f o r a r e v i e w i s h e a r d b y m o r e t h a n one J u d g e and the court is equally divided, the application shall be rejected. (2) W h e r e there is a majority, the decision shall be according to the opinion of the majority. Order of rejection not
appealable.

two or more Judges

7.-(1) A n o r d e r o f t h e c o u r t r e j e c t i n g t h e a p p l i c a t i o n s h a l l n o t b e appealable; but an order granting an application m a y be objected to

Art i hn r r r n u n n t h a t i hr> <1i-vr ir>' 111 r\it- :i 'ic
A A

-'

Objections to order granting application

(a) i n c o n t r a v e n t i o n o f the p r o v i s i o n s o f r u l e 2 ; (b) i n c o n t r a v e n t i o n o f t h e p r o v i s i o n s o f r u l e 4 ; o r ( c ) after t h e expiration of the period t h e r e f o r a n d w i t h o u t sufficient c a u s e . of limitation prescribed

Such objection m a y be taken, at once by an appeal from the order g r a n t i n g the application or in any a p p e a l from the final d e c r e e , or o r d e r p a s s e d o r m a d e i n t h e suit. (2) W h e r e t h e a p p l i c a t i o n h a s b e e n r e j e c t e d i n c o n s e q u e n c e o f t h e failure o f t h e a p p l i c a n t t o a p p e a r h e m a y a p p l y for a n o r d e r t o h a v e t h e r e j e c t e d a p p l i c a t i o n r e s t o r e d t o t h e , file, a n d , w h e r e i t i s p r o v e d to the satisfaction of the court that he w a s p r e v e n t e d by any sufficient c a u s e f r o m a p p e a r i n g w h e n s u c h a p p l i c a t i o n w a s c a l l e d o n for b e a r i n g , t h e c o u r t s h a l l o r d e r i t t o , b e r e s t o r e d t o t h e file u p o n s u c h t e r m s a s t o c o s t s o r o t h e r w i s e a s i t t h i n k s fit, a n d s h a l l a p p o i n t a d a y f o r hearing the s a m e . (3) N o o r d e r shall b e m a d e u n d e r s u b - r u l e (2) u n l e s s n o t i c e o f t h e application has been served on the opposite party.

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8 . W h e n a n a p p l i c a t i o n for r e v i e w i s g r a n t e d , a n o t e thereof, shall be m a d e in the register and the court m a y at once re-hear the case or m a k e s u c h o r d e r in r e g a r d to t h e r e - h e a r i n g as it t h i n k s fit. 9 . N o a p p l i c a t i o n t o r e v i e w a n o r d e r m a d e o n a n a p p l i c a t i o n for a r e v i e w or a decree or o r d e r passed or m a d e on a r e v i e w shall, be entertained.

R e g i s t r y of

application
g r a n t e d , a n d

order for
re-hearing

Bar o f
c e r t a i n a p p l i c a t i o n

ORDER XLIII MISCELLANEOUS

1 . S u b j e c t t o any g e n e r a l o r s p e c i a l d i r e c t i o n o f t h e C h i e f J u s t i c e , the following p o w e r s m a y be e x e r c i s e d by the Registrar or any Deputy or District Registrar of the High Court in any proceeding before the High
Power of Registrars

Court(a) t o a p p o i n t a n d e x t e n d t h e t i m e for filing t h e , w r i t t e n s t a t e m e n t o f d e f e n c e , t o g i v e l e a v e t o file a r e p l y t h e r e t o a n d t o a p p o i n t a n d e x t e n d the t i m e for filing s u c h r e p l y u n d e r O r d e r V I I I , rules 1, 11 and 13; (b) t o o r d e r t h a t a suit b e d i s m i s s e d u n d e r O r d e r I X , r u l e s 2 , 3 a n d 5 ; (c) t o m a k e a n O r d e r o r g i v e j u d g m e n t o n a d m i s s i o n s u n d e r O r d e r XII, rule 4; (d) t o s i g n d e c r e e s u n d e r O r d e r X X , r u l e 7 ; (e) t o a d m i t , r e j e c t o r a l l o w t h e a m e n d m e n t o f a n a p p l i c a t i o n f o r execution of a decree under Order X X I , rule 15; (f) t o i s s u e n o t i c e u n d e r O r d e r X X I , r u l e 2 0 ' ; (g) to order that a decree be executed u n d e r O r d e r X X I , rule 2 1 ; , (h) to issue process for execution of a decree u n d e r Order X X I , rule 22; (i) t o s t a y e x e c u t i o n , r e s t o r e p r o p e r t y , d i s c h a r g e j u d g m e n t d e b t o r s and require and take security under Order X X I , rule 2 4 ; (j) i f t h e r e i s n o J u d g e a t t h e p l a c e o f R e g i s t r y , t o i s s u e a n o t i c e t o s h o w cause and to issue a warrant of arrest u n d e r O r d e r X X I , rule 3 5 ; (k) if there is no Judge at the place of Registry, to order attendance, e x a m i n a t i o n a n d p r o d u c t i o n u n d e r O r d e r X I I I , rule 4 0 ; a n d (1) to o r d e r that an a g r e e m e n t , c o m p r o m i s e or satisfaction be recorded under Order XXIII, rule 3. 2 . E v e r y a p p l i c a t i o n t o t h e c o u r t m a d e u n d e r t h i s C o d e shall, u n l e s s Applications otherwise provided, be made by a chamber summons supported by affidavitP r o v i d e d t h a t t h e c o u r t m a y w h e r e it c o n s i d e r s fit to do so, e n t e r t a i n a n a p p l i c a t i o n m a d e o r a l l y , o r , w h e r e all t h e p a r t i e s t o a s u i t c o n s e n t , t o the o r d e r applied for b e i n g m a d e , by a m e m o r a n d u m in writing signed b y all t h e p a r t i e s o r t h e i r a d v o c a t e s , o r i n s u c h o t h e r m o d e a s m a y b e a p p r o p r i a t e h a v i n g r e g a r d t o all t h e c i r c u m s t a n c e s u n d e r w h i c h t h e application is m a d e .

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P r o c e ss t o be 3.-(1) E v e r y p r o c e s s i s s u e d u n d e r t h i s C o d e shall b e s e r v e d a t t h e expense o f expense of the party on w h o s e behalf it issued, unless the court party issuing o t h e r w i s e directs.
s e r v e d a t

costs of service Orders and notices how served

(2) T h e c o u r t fee c h a r g e a b l e for s u c h service shall b e p a i d w i t h i n a time to be before the process is issued 4. All orders, notices and other d o c u m e n t s required by this C o d e t o b e g i v e n t o o r s e r v e d o n any p e r s o n shall b e served, i n t h e m a n n e r provided for the service of s u m m o n s . 5.-(1) T h e R e g i s t r a r o f t h e H i g h C o u r t m a y b y t e l e g r a m n o t i f y - a n y officer o f the court o f any order m a d e b y the H i g h C o u r t and direct h i m to take s u c h steps as m a y be n e c e s s a r y to give effect to the order. (2) A t e l e g r a m s e n t u n d e r t h e p r o v i s i o n s of s u b - r u l e (1) shall state (a) t h e n u m b e r a n d title o f t h e p r o c e e d i n g ; (b) t h e s u b s t a n c e o f t h e o r d e r ; a n d (c) t h e a c t i o n r e q u i r e d t o b e t a k e n . (3) On receipt of a telegram sent in a c c o r d a n c e with the provisions of this rule the officer to w h o m it is addressed shall act in a c c o r d a n c e W i t h the directions given to him.

Directions of High Court may be notified by telegram

THE SECOND SCHEDULE

ARBITRATION
ARBITRATION IN SUITS
Parties to suit may apply for order o f reference

1 . - ( 1 ) W h e r e i n a n y s u i t all t h e p a r t i e s i n t e r e s t e d a g r e e t h a t a n y matter in difference b e t w e e n t h e m shall be referred to arbitration, they m a y , at any time before j u d g m e n t is pronounced, apply to the court for an o r d e r of reference. (2) E v e r y such application shall be in writing and shall state the matter sought to be referred.

t a

m t o

o f a r b i t r o fa r b i t r a t o r

2. The arbiqator shall be appointed in such m a n n e r as m a y be agreed u p o n b e t w e e n the parties.

r

n t

Order of reference

3.-(1) T h e c o u r t s h a l l , b y o r d e r , r e f e r t o t h e a r b i t r a t o r t h e m a t t e r in, d i f f e r e n c e w h i c h h e i s r e q u i r e d t o d e t e r m i n e , a n d shall fix s u c h t i m e a s it, t h i n k s r e a s o n a b l e f o r t h e m a k i n g o f t h e a w a r d , a n d , s h a l l s p e c i f y such time in the order. (2) W h e r e a m a t t e r referred to arbitration, the court shall not, save in the m a n n e r and to the extent provide in this schedule, deal with such matter m the same suit.

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Where reference is to two or more arbitrators order to provide for difference of opinion

4.-(1) W h e r e the reference is to t w o or m o r e , arbitrators, provision shall be m a d e in the o r d e r for a difference of opinion a m o n g the arbitrators(a) by the appointment of an umpire; or, (b) d e c l a r i n g that, if the majority of

the

arbitrators

agree, the

d e c i s i o n o f t h e m a j o r i t y shall p r e v a i l ; o r (c) b y , e m p o w e r i n g - t h e arbitrators t o . a p p o i n t a n u m p i r e , o r (d) o t h e r w i s e as m a y be a g r e e d b e t w e e n the cannot agree, as the court m a y determine. parties or, if t h e y

( 2 ) W h e r e a n u m p i r e i s a p p o i n t e d , t h e c o u r t s h a l l fix s u c h t i m e a s i t t h i n k s r e a s o n a b l e for t h e m a k i n g o f h i s a w a r d i n c a s e h e i s r e q u i r e d t o act. 5.-(1) In a n y of t h e f o l l o w i n g c a s e s , n a m e l y : (a) w h e r e t h e p a r t i e s c a n n o t a g r e e w i t h i n a r e a s o n a b l e t i m e w i t h respect to the a p p o i n t m e n t of an arbitrator, or the p e r s o n a p p o i n t e d refuses to a c c e p t the office of arbitrator, or (b) w h e r e a n arbitrator o r u m p i r e (i) dies, or (ii) r e f u s e s o r n e g l e c t s t o a c t o r b e c o m e s i n c a p a b l e , o f a c t i n g , o r (iii) l e a v e s T a n z a n i a i n c i r c u m s t a n c e s s h o w i n g t h a t h e w i l l probably not return at an early date, or (c) w h e r e t h e a r b i t r a t o r s ate e m p o w e r e d b y t h e o r d e r o f r e f e r e n c e to appoint an u m p i r e and fail to do so, any party m a y serve the other party or the arbitrators, as the case m a y b e , w i t h a w r i t t e n notice to a p p o i n t an arbitrator or u m p i r e . (2) If, w i t h i n s e v e n c l e a r d a y s after s u c h n o t i c e h a s b e e n s e r v e d o r such further time as the court m a y in e a c h case allow, no arbitrator or no umpire is appointed, as the case m a y be, the court m a y , on a p p l i c a t i o n b y t h e p a r t y w h o g a v e t h e n o t i c e , a n d after g i v i n g t h e o t h e r party an opportunity of being heard, appoint an arbitrator or umpire o r m a k e a n o r d e r s u p e r s e d i n g t h e a r b i t r a t i o n , a n d i n s u c h c a s e shall p r o c e e d w i t h t h e suit. 6. E v e r y arbitrator or u m p i r e a p p o i n t e d u n d e r rule 4 or rule 5 shall h a v e the like p o w e r s as if his n a m e h a d b e e n inserted in the order of- reference.
Powers of arbitrator or umpire appointed under rule 4 or 5 Summoning witnesses and default

Power of court to appoint arbitrator in certain cases

7.- (1) T h e court shall issue the s a m e processes to the parties and w i t n e s s w h o m t h e arbitrator o r u m p i r e d e s i r e s t o e x a m i n e , a s t h e court m a y i s s u e i n suits t r i e d b e f o r e it, (2) P e r s o n s n o t a t t e n d i n g i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h s u c h p r o c e s s , o r m a k i n g any o t h e r default or, refusing to g i v e their e v i d e n c e , or guilty of any contempt to the -arbitrator or umpire during the investigation of the matters referred, shall be subject to the like disadvantages, penalties and punishment, by order of the court on the representation of the arbitrator or u m p i r e as t h e y w o u l d i n c u r for the like offences in suits tried before the court.

168
Extension of time for making award

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8. W h e r e the arbitrators or the u m p i r e cannot complete the award w i t h i n t h e p e r i o d s p e c i f i e d i n t h e o r d e r , t h e c o u r t m a y , i f i t t h i n k s fit, e i t h e r a l l o w f u r t h e r t i m e , a n d f r o m t i m e t o t i m e , e i t h e r b e f o r e o r after the expiration of the p e r i o d fixed for the m a k i n g of the a w a r d , enlarge such period; or m a y m a k e an order superseding the arbitration and, in s u c h c a s e shall p r o c e e d w i t h t h e s u i t . 9. Where an umpire has been appointed, r e f e r e n c e in t h e p l a c e of t h e a r b i t r a t o r s he may enter on the

Where umpire may arbitrate in lieu of arbitrators

(a) i f t h e y h a v e a l l o w e d t h e a p p o i n t e d t i m e t o e x p i r e w i t h o u t m a k i n g an award, or (b) i f t h e y h a v e d e l i v e r e d t o t h e c o u r t o r t o t h e u m p i r e a n o t i c e i n writing stating that they cannot agree.

Award to be signed and filed

10. W h e r e a n a w a r d i n a s u i t h a s b e e n m a d e , t h e p e r s o n s w h o m a d e i t s h a l l s i g n i t a n d c a u s e i t t o b e filed i n c o u r t , t o g e t h e r w i t h a n y d e p o s i t i o n s and documents which have been taken and proved before them; and notice of the filing shall be g i v e n to the p a r t i e s . 11. U p o n a n y r e f e r e n c e b y a n o r d e r o f t h e c o u r t , t h e a r b i t r a t o r o r u m p i r e m a y , w i t h the leave of the court, state the a w a r d as to, the w h o l e o r a n y p a r t t h e r e o f i n t h e f o r m o f a s p e c i a l c a s e for t h e o p i n i o n o f t h e c o u r t , a n d t h e c o u r t s h a l l d e l i v e r its o p i n i o n t h e r e o n , a n d s h a l l o r d e r such opinion to be added to and to form part of the award. 12. T h e court m a y , by order, modify or correct an award-

Statement of special case by arbitrators or umpire

Power to modify or correct award

(a) w h e r e it a p p e a r s t h a t a p a r t of the a w a r d is u p o n a m a t t e r n o t referred to arbitration and such part can be separated from the o t h e r p a r t a n d d o e s n o t affect t h e d e c i s i o n o n the m a t t e r referred; or (b) w h e r e the a w a r d is imperfect in form, or contains any o b v i o u s error w h i c h c a n be a m e n d e d w i t h o u t affecting such decision; or (c) w h e r e t h e a w a r d c o n t a i n s a c l e r i c a l m i s t a k e o r a n e r r o r a r i s i n g f r o m a n a c c i d e n t a l slip o r o m i s s i o n .

Order as to costs of arbitration Where award or matter referred to arbitration may be remitted

13. T h e c o u r t m a y a l s o m a k e s u c h o r d e r a s i t t h i n k s fit r e s p e c t i n g the costs of the arbitration w h e r e any question arises respecting such costs and the a w a r d contains no sufficient p r o v i s i o n c o n c e r n i n g t h e m . 14. T h e c o u r t m a y r e m i t t h e a w a r d o r a n y m a t t e r arbitration to the reconsideration of the same arbitrator u p o n s u c h t e r m s a s i t t h i n k s fit referred to or umpire,

(a) w h e r e t h e a w a r d h a s left u n d e t e r m i n e d a n y o f t h e m a t t e r s r e f e r r e d to arbitration, or w h e r e it determines any matter not referred to arbitration, unless such matter can be separated without affecting the determination of the matters referred; (b) w h e r e t h e award is so indefinite as to be incapable of execution;

(c) w h e r e a n o b j e c t i o n t o t h e l e g a l i t y o f t h e a w a r d i s a p p a r e n t u p o n t h e f a c e o f it.

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Grounds for setting aside award

15.-(l) A n a w a r d r e m i t t e d u n d e r r u l e 1 4 b e c o m e s v o i d o n f a i l u r e o f t h e a r b i t r a t o r o r u m p i r e , t o r e c o n s i d e r it. B u t n o a w a r d s h a l l b e s e t aside except on one of the following grounds; namely: (a) c o r r u p t i o n o r misconduct of the arbitrator or umpire; (b) either party h a v i n g b e e n guilty of fraudulent c o n c e a l m e n t of any, matter w h i c h he ought to h a v e disclosed or of willfully misleading or deceiving the arbitrator or u m p i r e ; ( c ) t h e a w a r d h a v i n g b e e n m a d e after t h e i s s u e o f a n o r d e r b y t h e court superseding the arbitration and p r o c e e d i n g w i t h the suit o r after t h e e x p i r a t i o n o f t h e p e r i o d a l l o w e d , b y t h e . c o u r t o r b e i n g o t h e r w i s e invalid. (2) W h e r e a n a w a r d b e c o m e s v o i d o r i s set a s i d e u n d e r s u b - r u l e ( 1 ) , the court shall m a k e an order s u p e r s e d i n g the arbitration and in such c a s e shall p r o c e e d w i t h t h e suit. 16.- (1) W h e r e t h e c o u r t s e e s n o c a u s e t o r e m i t t h e a w a r d o r a n y o f t h e m a t t e r s r e f e r r e d t o a r b i t r a t i o n for r e - c o n s i d e r a t i o n i n m a n n e r a f o r e s a i d , a n d n o a p p l i c a t i o n h a s b e e n m a d e t o set. a s i d e t h e a w a r d , o r t h e c o u r t h a s r e f u s e d s u c h a p p l i c a t i o n , t h e c o u r t s h a l l , after t h e t i m e for m a k i n g s u c h a p p l i c a t i o n h a s e x p i r e d , p r o c e e d t o p r o n o u n c e j u d g m e n t according to the award. (2) U p o n the j u d g m e n t so p r o n o u n c e d a decree shall follow, and no a p p e a l s h a l l lie f r o m s u c h d e c r e e e x c e p t i n s o far a s t h e d e c r e e i s i n e x c e s s of, or not in a c c o r d a n c e w i t h , t h e a w a r d .

Judgment to be according to award

ORDER OF REFERENCE ON AGREEMENTS TO REFER

17.-(1) W h e r e a n y p e r s o n s a g r e e i n w r i t i n g t h a t a n y d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n t h e m shall be referred to arbitration, the parties to the agree ment, or any of them, m a y apply to any court having jurisdiction in t h e m a t t e r t o w h i c h t h e a g r e e m e n t r e l a t e s , t h a t t h e a g r e e m e n t b e filed t o in court. (2) T h e application shall be in writing and shall be n u m b e r e d and registered as a suit b e t w e e n one or m o r e of the parties interested or claiming to be interested as plaintiff or plaintiffs, and the others or other of them as defendants or defendant, if the application has been p r e s e n t e d b y all t h e p a r t i e s , o r , i f o t h e r w i s e , b e t w e e n t h e a p p l i c a n t a s plaintiff and the other parties as defendants. (3) On such application being m a d e , the court shall direct notice t h e r e o f t o b e g i v e n t o all t h e p a r t i e s t o t h e a g r e e m e n t , o t h e r t h a n t h e applicants, requiring such parties to show cause, within the time s p e c i f i e d i n t h e n o t i c e , w h y t h e a g r e e m e n t s h o u l d n o t b e filed. ( 4 ) W h e r e n o sufficient c a u s e i s s h o w n , t h e c o u r t , s h a l l o r d e r t h e a g r e e m e n t t o b e filed, a n d s h a l l m a k e a n o r d e r o f r e f e r e n c e t o t h e arbitrator a p p o i n t e d in a c c o r d a n c e , w i t h the p r o v i s i o n s of the agree m e n t or, i f t h e r e i s n o s u c h p r o v i s i o n a n d the parties c a n n o t a g r e e , t h e c o u r t m a y a p p o i n t a n arbitrator.
Application to file in court agreement to refer to arbitration

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18. W h e r e any party to any a g r e e m e n t to refer to arbitration, or any p e r s o n c l a i m i n g u n d e r h i m , institutes any suit against any other party to the agreement, or any person claiming under him, in respect of any matter agreed to be referred, any party to such suit m a y , at the e a r l i e s t p o s s i b l e o p p o r t u n i t y a n d i n all c a s e s w h e r e i s s u e s a r e s e t t l e d at or before such settlement, apply to the court to stay the suit; a n d the court, if satisfied that there is no sufficient r e a s o n w h y the m a t t e r should not be referred in accordance with the a g r e e m e n t to refer to arbitration, and that the applicant w a s , at the time w h e n the suit w a s i n s t i t u t e d a n d still r e m a i n s , r e a d y a n d w i l l i n g t o d o all t h i n g s necessary to the proper conduct of the arbitration, m a y m a k e an o r d e r s t a y i n g t h e suit. 1 9 . T h e f o r e g o i n g p r o v i s i o n s s o far a s t h e y are consistent with

Provisions

applicable to a n y a g r e e m e n t f i l e d u n d e r r u l e 1 , s h a l l b e a p p l i c a b l e t o all p r o c e e d i n g s proceedings under the order of reference m a d e by the court under that rule, and under to the award and to the decree following thereon. rule 17

ARBITRATION WITHOUT THE INTERVENTION OF A COURT

Filing award in matter referred to arbitration without intervention of court

20.-(1) W h e r e any matter has been referred to arbitration without the intervention of a court, and an award has been m a d e thereon, any person interested in the award m a y apply to any court having jurisdiction o v e r the s u b j e c t - m a t t e r o f the a w a r d that the a w a r d b e filed i n court. (2) T h e application shall be in w r i t i n g a n d shall be n u m b e r e d a n d registered as a suit b e t w e e n the applicant as plaintiff a n d the other parties as defendants. (3) T h e c o u r t shall d i r e c t n o t i c e t o b e g i v e n t o t h e p a r t i e s t o t h e arbitration, other than the applicant, requiring t h e m to show cause, w i t h i n a t i m e specified, w h y t h e a w a r d s h o u l d n o t b e f i l e d .

Filing an enforcement o f such award

2 1 . - ( 1 ) W h e r e t h e c o u r t i s satisfied t h a t t h e m a t t e r h a s b e e n r e f e r r e d to arbitration and that an award has b e e n m a d e thereon, and w h e r e no ground such as is m e n t i o n e d or referred to in rule 14 or rule 15 is p r o v e d , the c o u r t shall o r d e r the a w a r d to be filed a n d shall p r o c e e d to pronounce judgment according to the award. (2) U p o n the j u d g m e n t so p r o n o u n c e d a decree shall follow, and no a p p e a l s h a l l lie f r o m s u c h d e c r e e e x c e p t i n s o far a s t h e d e c r e e i s i n excess of or not in accordance with the award.

Passed in the September, 1966.

National

Assembly

on

the

twenty-ninth day of

Clerk of the

sekwa National Assembly

Printed by the Government Printer, Dar es Salaam.