Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A LIGHT-LINE
PHONOGRAPHY for
the
MILLION
By
John Robert Gregg
New
and
Revised Edition
cIFe
NEW YORK
LONDON
Copyright, 1893, By John R. Gregg Copyright, 1901, By John R. Gregg Copyright, 1916, By The Gregg Publishing Company
Copyrighted in the United Stales of America Great Britain and Ireland, France
Germany, Italy
and
Spain
I53-F-100
CONTENTS
PAGE
Preface
......
v;j
...
;x
xm
xvi
The Alphabet
...
First Lesson Consonants: K, G, R, L, N, M, T, Vowels: The Circles Rules for Joining Circles General Exercise Simple Word-Signs ; Phrase- Writing
-
D, H
-
...
Punctuation,
Second Lesson
etc.
Exercises
1 2 3 4 6 7
The Downward Characters: P, B, F, V, Ch, Rule for Joining Circles to Oblique Curves Rule for Placing First Consonant General Exercise Word-Signs and Phrases Reading and Writing Exercises
-
J, Sh
-
8 9 9 10 12 13
Third Lesson
TheO-Hook General Exercise Rule for Joining O-Hook General Exercise Word-Signs and Phrases Reading and Writing Exercises
-
14 14 16 16 17 18
Fourth Lesson The OO-Hook General Exercise Rule for Joining OO-Hook Review Exercise on Both Hooks WandY General Exercise
-
19 19 20 21 21
--
--
--23
iv
Word-Signs
and
CONTENTS
PAGE
Reading
Fifth Lesson
and
24 25
Consonants: S and Th Rules for Joining S and Th Z and Th (as in breathe) and X Explained The Combinations Ng and Nk Simple Prefixes and Suffixes General Exercise Word-Signs and Phrases Reading and Writing Exercises
-
26 26 28 29 29 30 32 33
Sixth Lesson
Diphthongs: u, ow, oi, i General Exercise Vowel Combinations Word-Signs and Phrases Reading and Writing Exercises
-
34 34 36 37 38
Seventh Lesson
Blended Consonants
-
emd
pend
Men,
mem;
xcs
General Exercise
39 39 40 41 41 42 42
43
-
Word-Signs and Phrases Reading Exercise Writing Exercise Eighth Lesson Rules for Expressing R General Exercise Rules for the Omission of R Word-Signs Reading Exercise
-
44 45
Writing Exercise
Ninth Lesson Review Exercise on Word-Signs List of Additional Word-Signs Reading Exercise Writing Exercise
-
46 47 49 50 50 51
...
52 54 57
....
53
CONTENTS
Tenth Lesson
Compound Words
-
page
Derivatives,
etc.
...
.....
General Exercise The Abbreviating Principle Exercise on Abbreviating Principle Days and Months
-
Writing
Exercise
59 60 61 62 64 66 67 68 69
Eleventh Lesson
Phrase-Writing
General Exercise Word Modifications Omission of Words General Exercise Special Business Phrases Reading Exercise Writing Exercise
-
70 71
72 75 76 78 78 79
Twelfth Lesson Omission of Vowels General Principles Omission of Consonants General Exercise Reading and Writing Exercises
-
80
-
82 83 84 87
Thirteenth Lesson
Joined Prefixes General Exercise Compound Joined Prefixes Prefixal Abbreviations Reading and Writing Exercises
-
...
88 90 93 94 95
Fourteenth Lesson
The General Exercise Compound Disjoined Prefixes Derivatives of Words Ending in Reading Exercise Writing Exercise
-
"TrTrinciple"
"ct"
-
--
...
Vl
CONTENTS
Fifteenth Lesson
Disjoined Prefixes General Exercise Compound Disjoined Prefixes Reading Exercise Writing Exercise
-
page
.....
.....
....
...
102 104 106 107 108 109 111 114 115 116
Sixteenth Lesson Joined Suffixes General Exercise Compound Joined Suffixes Reading Exercise Writing Exercise
-
Seventeenth Lesson
Disjoined Suffixes General Exercise Reading Exercise Writing Exercise Eighteenth Lesson Disjoined Suffixes General Exercise Reading Exercise Writing Exercise
Ninetf.enth Lesson
continued
Advanced Phrase-Writing Omission of Words Intersection "ing" Indication of Modification of Word Forms Reading Exercise Writing Exercise
-
Twentieth Lesson
Initials States and Territories Principal Cities Points of the Compass, General Rules Reading Exercise Writing Exercise
Supplementary
.....
etc
-
of
Mental Culture
PREFACE
In the Preface to the first
I
said:
edition
of
this system,
The
capacity
enough
endeavor
of
the
author
has been
to compile a
be readily acquired by the humblest those possessed of little leisure, and yet rapid
to
fastest
asks
oratory.
In
con-
for nothing
with perfect
fidence
awaits
the
result.
The
subsequent
history
of
the
system
has justified
Gregg Short
hand has demonstrated its superiority to the older sys tems in simplicity, legibility and and there are to-day nearly a million writers of the system. In be ginning the preparation of this edition it was my inten tion to make some radical changes in the manner of
speed
with
the
was
forced to the
conclusion
that
it
would
be
of
a mistake
to
and
form
be
of
the previous
could
that,
nearly
it have been sold, there, has been very little demand revision except requests for the in clusion of those changes and improvements that have been made in the course of the past few years.
million copies of
,for
viii
PREFACE
retains
the
form
con
but
much of
the
material
tained
in it is
arranged
in
more
logical sequence,
care,
and the
illustrations
with a view
to
developing
principles.
quickness
in the
application of
its
An
more
attempt
has been
was
made
to state
the rules
and
clearly than
done in the
old
book,
adapted
to the
comprehension of
young
students.
In the
necessary
sions of all of
system
itself few
changes
or
desirable. in
Some
advanced principles
are
these
harmony
All
with
ciples of
the
system.
of
them
to very
careful
trial
in
practical
work
been
adopted.
In sending forth this book I desire to express my heartfelt appreciation of the suggestions that have come
to
me
reporters and
from teachers
of
who
are
system
in
all
parts
the
world.
These
the
have been
of
great service
of
to
me
in
preparation
this presentation
the system.
Shorthand."
not
until
1897, however,
that the
author
was
able
to
publish
the
system
in book form.
student or writer of
To the teresting
of
since
few
more
in
or
inspiring
stories of success
Shorthand in the twenty-seven years that have elapsed in book form ; but a textbook is not a place for such a story. Today Gregg Shorthand is the standard system of America. It has been adopted exclusively in the public schools
Gregg
its
publication
of
4633
cities and
towns
more
than ninety-two
per
cent
of
the
public schools
It has
superseded
the
older
systems, in the large majority of these cases, by formal action of the Boards of Education after careful investigation of the merit
of
highest has ever received. Wins World Championship Three Times. The history of Gregg Shorthand is a record of public triumphs. In the 1921 World's Championship Contest of the National Shorthand Re Association, Mr. Albert Schneider * won first place, de feated three former champions, and established two world's records. He transcribed the 215-words-a-minute literary dictation with a net speed of 211.2 words a minute; accuracy, 98.32%. On the 200-words-a-minute dictation his accuracy percentage was 98.80; on the 240-words-a-minute dictation, 98.17; on the 280-words-a-minute dictation, 96.84. In transcribing five five-minute highest speed dictations 175, 200, 215, 240, and 280 words a minute in the time allotted for the three championship dictations, Mr. Schneider gave the most re markable demonstration of his transcribing ability in the history
constitutes
all
other
kinds
of
educational
This
the
system
porters'
of of
the
wonderful
legibility
reporting
Gregg Shorthand.
*Mr.
of
staff
the
examination
Schneider is now a member of the official Congress of the United States, winning in which thirty-five well-known repot ters
shorthand
the
position
in
an
competed.
ABOUT
GREGG
SHORTHAND
Writers of Gregg Shorthand won first, second, and third places in the World's Championship Contest of the National Shorthand Reporters' Association in 1923. Mr. Charles L. Swem,* winner,
established a world's record on
the 200-words-a-minute
dictation,
On the
240-words-a-
dictation, his
.
accuracy
was
99.36 %
Second
His average accuracy was 98.80%. writer, the 1921 champion. Third place was won by a seventeen-year-old Gregg writer, Mr. Martin Dupraw, with an accuracy of 98.76%. First place in ac curacy in every dictation was won by a writer of Gregg Shorthand.
In the 1924 World's victor,
defeating,
Third
on
among others,
of
Court
stenographer
pionships.
place
Championship, Mr. Swem was again the Mr. Nathan Behrin, Supreme New York City, winner of many cham Mr. Swem's was won by Mr. Dupraw.
was
accuracy
the three
dictations
99.23%.
that has produced two different writers to win the world championship in the contests of Reporters' the National Shorthand Association.
Gregg Shorthand is
the only
system
Wins New York State Shorthand Championship. In the Reporters' the New York State Shorthand Association, December, 1924, Mr. Martin J. Dupraw won first place and the Bottome Cup ; Mr. Nathan Behrin, Supreme Court reporter, New York City, second ; and Mr. Harvey Forbes, Supreme Court re Mr. Dupraw made twelve porter, Buffalo, New York, third. errors in transcribing the five-minute dictations at 200 and 280 minute ; average accuracy, 99.5 % words a Mr. Behrin made twenty-eight errors; average accuracy, 98.8%. Awarded Medal of Honor at Panama-Pacific Exposition. At the Panama-Pacific International Exposition, in 1915, Gregg Shorthand was awarded the Medal of Honor, the highest award
contest of
.
in
and
*Governor Woodrow Wilson selected Mr. Swem as his official reporter Mr. Swem was Personal Secretary his campaign for the Presidency. Mr. Swem Official Reporter to President Wilson for eight years. began the study of Gregg Shorthand in a night school in September, 1908,
when
He was twenty years of age when he working as an office boy. In the 1924 examination the appointment at the White House. for the position of Supreme Court stenographer in the State of New York, Mr. Swem won first place in a field of 150 candidates.
'
received
xi
by
any Exposition
on
and
the only
based
the
results accomplished
by
the
students
in
the
observation of
International Jury
Principles
of the
of
Awards.
Needless to say,
System.
Gregg Shorthand
departure from the old lines of shorthand construction, for it is only by a. radical departure that such marked superiority in results can be accomplished. is
a radical
The
the
the
reader
to understand
(1) No
either
May be
Longhand,
thus
light
heavy.
on the
(2) Written
securing
Slope
of
As
in
(3) (4)
follow
May be
written
ordinary writing
on unruled
in
one straight
line.
Vowels
each other
and
Consonants
Are
Joined,
and
in their
natural order.
Curves
predominate.
that the
aim of
the
author
adhere
to those
ordinary
By
a practical combination of
these
elements as a
founda
that
tion,
the
system secures
practice,
perfect command of
the characters
obtained
is
productive of
the best
results,
practice
and
is only
by
years
of
persistent, painstaking
if the
TO SUM UP:
Easy
One-third
to
Learn.
one-half
Gregg
writers
to
the time
records
made
by its
this
beyond
all
question.
Easy
to
Read.
Gregg Shorthand is
In
the
the most
legible
short
hand in
existence.
contests,
writers
Xll
of
the
system
have
established
on
records
solid, difficult
These
records
the
conducted
by
reporters and
teachers
will
(Full
particulars of
be
sent
by the
publishers on
application.)
Manifestly,
insertion
position-
of the vowels, the absence of shading, the elimination of writing and the elimination of the minute distinctions of form sary in the old systems, all contribute to legibility.
neces
Easy in
to
Write.
The easy,
appeals
natural appearance
of
the writing
Gregg
Shorthand
of
to every impartial
and
investigator.
The
absence
heavy characters, the continuous run of the writing along one line, as in longhand, instead now on the line, then above the of constant changes of position line, and then, perhaps, through or below the line will be noticed at a first glance. Next, the investigator will probably attribute
much of
of
uniform
the writing,
with
which
both hand
Only those who have had previous experience with short hand, however, will be able to appreciate fully how much elimination
familiar.
of numerous
with
dots
and
dashes
have
to
be
to
placed
great
precision
alongside
the
strokes
contributes
easy,
Superior in Speed Possibilities. Writers of Gregg Short hand have demonstrated in public speed contests, under the most
trying
of
system
has
greater
speed
possibilities
than any
A boy
268
of nineteen
Gregg Shorthand
in
a night school
words
established
a record
of
The
all can
contest
of whom
committee
were
consisted
shorthand
reporters,
writers of other
systems.
When
can
a mere
boy
do this,
of
after such a
be
no question
that this
speed possibilities
than any
the
older systems.
largely
upon
the
interest
taken
in
we
by
the student.
This
being
the case,
short a
hand
love it as the highest form of writing, which is itself the greatest invention of man. Be proud that you can record the language in graceful lines and curves. Aim constantly to acquire artistic skill in executing those lines and curves. You can, if you will, make the study of shorthand a perfect joy instead of a task. Its possession has been coveted by the wisest of men and women, for it is not only a practical instrument in commercial work, but a
can made an of
be
intensely fascinating
Cultivate
for it.
Think
culture.
Be Thorough.
therefore
Skill in anything is
attained
by
do
mentary forms
practice on
each
outline
many
times,
and
aim always at
execution.
Your future
you
success
depends to
very large
extent on the
way
do
and
rapid,
In order that your progress may be sure lesson before you proceed with the next.
slowly and carefully; aim at accuracy rather than speed, but do not draw the characters. You must understand
write at
At
first,
shorthand
must
be written; but
you
must also
impress
that
whatever you
read,
hence the necessity for good penmanship. As skill in executing the movements is obtained, the speed may be increased until the forms
are a written rapidly.
Some
be
given
to
acquiring
rapidly
without
hesitation,
Aim to
to the
free
movement of style of
the
hand.
each char
acquire a smooth
writing; execute
acter with an
next
easy,
pen,
and pass
without
unnecessary
movements.
movement
is fatal
be
xiv
indecision,
fully
you
by
unfamiliarity
with
the forms.
of
At first
care
To do this it
and
is,
to think of them
in detail ; but
it
after you
correct
outline,
practice
think of
Facility
in the
use of shorthand
at
your
of outlines you
have
ready
Note the
the
use of
This
means
forms
not
in the Manual
by
This
will
have
facility in writing
how to
write a
In
shorthand
it is
not
sufficient
to know
quickly.
only know the form but be able to write it Hence the necessity for much repetition practice in writing
to the
words given
the forms.
If, in
to
addition
in the Manual,
will
the
have
gained a great
deal
have laid
broader
required
foundation for
to attain efficiency.
to
By doing
in
your
this
you will
become
only
you
writing vocabulary.
own work
the
shown
in
the
printed plates.
All
have devoted
in this
given
time to read
ing
shorthand.
In
addition
to the
use
work
outlined
Manual,
each
we
strongly
recommend
Learners'
the
of
the
the
exercises
month
in the
can
Department
with
of
Gregg
Writer.
These
exercises
be
used
great
advantage
Each
number contains
hand for
pages
that
in reading
and
writing
The
complete
mastery
of shorthand
typewriting is worthy
earnestly to that
of your
yourself
work
best efforts, and if you devote there can be no such thing as failure
The Alphabet
of
Gregg
Shorthand
Consonants
Written forward:
KG
RL
NM
TD
TH
Written downward:
P
(^
B^
(
CH
SH /
J
H
/
NG
/corS
NK
Vowels
A-group
Short
Medium
a a
" "
O-group
calm came
as
"
1a cat
"
O O
o
Short Medium
o
aw
as
"
in hot
"
"
audit o
"
Long
Long
ode^
E-group
Short Medium
/
e
"
OO-gfoup
o
as
"
in din
"
Short
Medium
as
"
in
"
tuck took
n n
den
dean
6b
oo
Long
"
Long
"
"
doom
Diphthongs
Composed
of
Composed
or
u ew
e-ob
a-oo
as
"
in
"
unit
owl
oi
aw-e
as
"
in
"
oil
t?
d-i
isle
cS>
FIRST LESSON
1. Shorthand is
am
written
by
sound; thus
aim
is
written ne.
(long
sound of
a)
cat
is
written
Consonants
2. The
given
alphabet
should
be
will
mastered
in sections,
that the
as
in these lessons.
It
be
noticed
con
of
sound, and
are
distinguished
There is
acters,
no absolute standard as
length,
habits
as
the char
being
founded
on
the
writer.
The
size of
the
in this
manual will
be
to
The
characters
for the
conso
in this lesson
are
derived from
an elliptical
figure,
thus:
KGRLN
MTDH
right,
and
T, D
gay,
The G
and
in this lesson is
the vowel.
called
being
not
magic.
The
aspirate
H is indicated by
dot he
The
student
these characters
until
hesitation.
GREGG SHORTHAND
Vowels
3. In writing by
which related we
sound
there
are
twelve
distinct vowels,
are
arranged
sounds
are
in four groups, and three closely In this lesson placed in each group.
which
"E"
have
the
for
convenience are
"A"
named
the
the
as
group.
4. The
pressed
short sound
a,
by
the
in calm, ark, is expressed by the large circle with a dot beneath the circle; the long sound, as heard in ate, may, is expressed by the large circle with a dash beneath the
circle.
a
as
in
mat
mat
<p
O
as
in in
calm
kirn
gat
^3
as
gate
yf
5. The
short sound of
i,
as
heard in din,
rid
(not the
i, heard in dine, ride), is expressed by the long small circle; the sound of e, as heard in get, net, is ex pressed by the small circle with a dot beneath the circle;
sound of
the the
long
i
e
sound of
e,
as
small
circle with a
by
"
as
in in in
as
net
as
neat
net
and
dash
are useful
sounds
is
otherwise
they
FIRST LESSON
Rules
for
Joining Circles
the
6. The
circle
is
written on
inside of curves,
and on
the outside
of angles.
Inside Curves
e.ce
ek
era
era
_?
key
ale
kg
al
rat
rat
take
a.
Outside Angles
team
tern
rail
al
meet
met
gain
a. n
7. Before
straight
or
after
straight
lines,
or
between
two
lines running in the same direction, the circle is written forward as the hands of a clock move.
Before
aim a m
o
After
me
me
hat
hat
if
day
Between
da
S?
mean
men
~-
deed
ded
8. Between two
the
reverse curves
the
circle
is turned
on
back
of
the
first
curve.
kill
wreck
kil
r e
gear
e r
lake
GREGG SHORTHAND
Method of Practice
be
copied.
doing
this, he
be
will
paid to repeat
the the
sounds sounds
of as
each
If the
student will at
writes
the word, it
help
the
to impress
same
the forms
upon
his memory
and
time
familiarize him
with
the process of
note-taking.
General Exercise
knee
n e
=.
tact
kt
keen
kick
ache
ken
kI k
a
.-a
tray
train
r a
j,
r a n
k k k
r
>
treat
tret
acre
c?~^
nail
n a
1
1
acme
m e
^r-.
tale
t a
neck
nek
_?
lay
deem
rim
cake
-^2r~i
den
r l ra
ark
ark
eat
<f
reed
'red
arid
kit
hit
kit
^-y
arid
hit had
rainy
rani
had
& cS
hack
jn
FIRST
eddy
writ e
d i
il
rit
hit
m 1
came
ka
creed
kred
krem
m e r 1
t i k
cream
tiki
merry
tiket
t
lane
Ian 1
a. m
ri
lamb
dek
deacon
lady
rack
ladi
r a
d
d
k k
k d i
decay
ready
maim
r e
mam
grim
grim
rally
get
rail
get
rig
rig
linen drama
rag
linen drama
rag
lick
lik
GREGG SHORTHAND
Simple
Word-Signs
of
all
proportion
written
and
spoken such
made
up
of a
few
simple words.
For
brief forms
Those
here
should
be
memorized
immediately:
he I
O
in,
am
not
more
at, it
a,
an
(dot)
^~
would
'
the
(th)
up
Phrase- Writing
11. The
to
speed
In writing shorthand, but it is a difficult art to acquire if its acquirement be deferred until the habit has been
formed
of
writing
The
stu
practice
study.
it
diligently
such
from the
the
For
practice
here
in I I
the
I
<?--
would
gf
it
I
will not
can
am
can not
will
at
the
;n
-~
our
would not /
it
will
can
the
FIRST LESSON
period the
is
expressed
by
-^,
by>,
dashes
struck
dash by=, the hyphen by ? (two short upward), and the interrogation by x
.
Capitals and proper names may be indicated by two short dashes under the outline. The parentheses may be
expressed
by
the
ordinary
marks
with
short
dashes
are
through
written
them-^^r"-
Other
punctuation
marks
in
Reading Exercise
Writing Exercise
1. Ellen 3. The
Terry
read
the drama
well.
2. Helen Keller
dark.
the
day dreary.
4. The enemy may make an attack in-the rear. 5. The League team will meet at-the Arena.
SECOND LESSON
13. The
are
characters
for
the consonants
in this lesson
thus
derived from
another elliptical
figure;
CH
SH
r
not
r
and
J
called
J
ish,
not es-ailch.
/
downwards.
SH is
/
CH is
a mere
/
pronounced chay.
SH is
tick.
aids will
be helpful:
of
F, V,
inclination
with
that the
In
forming
the combinations
fr, fl,
it is
just
the
same as
fig
vain
fig
van
J-
fail
SECOND LESSON
I
9
\
t
15. The
circle
may
assume the
form
of a
loop
where
more convenient.
dash fame
dash f
a m
y
^
cheat
ch e
/
-r
lap
16. Between
and a
an oblique curve
such
as
P, B,F,V
the
outside.
straight
line,
the circle
is
placed on
palm
a m
c/
Dave knave
a v
beat
bet
J-
n a v
of
the
first
line
of writing.
map
cave
map k
a
v
fetch
--a
e ch
V
jf
chief
ch e
18. The
the
rules
for
following words illustrate the application joining circles to the consonants given
/
cr~
of
in
this lesson: Inside Curves (Par. 6). Outside A ngles (Par. 6).
.
^J
if
~s
-^
.,
.^
<yf
and
<?
jy
10
GREGG SL10RTHAND
!
edge
..
General Exercise
erj
abl
/
cZ
^
?
i'g
apple
ig
A
(^
able
apl
fear
f
b
er
peal
pel
C-^
1
,C-
beer
fish
e r
appeal
fish fed
'
?
j^
cheap chap
ch e
/
^
feed
play
cheek
chap
p 1
c^?
k
bek
ch e
bak b
e m
reap peep
rep
pep
balm
bam
ch a n
Jap
nap
cab
ap
/
r
chain
nap
catch
a ch
1
/
kab
p p
e ch
shake
sh a
peach
f
Vj
shame
sham
preach
r e ch
bread
bred
^>
tab
tab
bridge
shave
r l
gem
jem
p a 1
sheri
.L*
sh a v
pale
fray
feel
fra
f
el
4
r^--
sherry
SECOND
12
gregg shorthand
let, letter
little
market, Mr.
reply
represent
teach
form, from
have
change,
which
check
for the
/
/
I have I have in
not
shall, ship
about
2
7
7
which
after
shall
ever-y any
name
I
I
shall not
shall
have
from the
would
give-n
be
T'
gave
in reply
please
please
ship
Note:
The
rule given
in Par. 17
applies
to phrases.
SECOND
LESSOJN
13
Reading Exercise
..
Writing Exercise
The maid will-be at-the market every day. Phoebe Cary will teach her French. The team will-be ready for-the match game.
came back from-the navy after he had achieved fame. The range in-the kitchen will bake good bread. Jennie will-have the meal ready in about an hour. Please pay for-the ticket in cash for I-can-not take a check.
Henry
THIRD LESSON
The O-Hook
part of
the elliptical
figure
-t9~o
(called
represents
the
a
short sound of
o, as heard in
expresses the
hot, top;
sound of
with
dot beneath it
sound of as
with a short
dash
no.
beneath it
expresses
long
rot
o,
in owe,
rot
aw
as rn
raw
r aw
as
in
wrote
rot
General Exercise
hot
ought
hot
aw t
Shaw
shawl
sh aw
<
sh aw
taught
t aw t
show
sh o
odd
6 d
nod
shoal
sh o
nod
toad
tod
Maud
made
m aw
foe
f f
mod
foam
14
o m
THIRD
LESSON
aw
15
p p
(oaf
cope
1
k
of
paw
pawn
aw n
cC
'
coach
o ch
jaw
dodge
aw
rod
rod
d 6 1 6
t
j
j
k
d
blow botch
bio
b 6
ch
lodge
talk
aw
hobby
fraud
wrought
h6 b
broad
r aw
r aw
dough
d 5
r aw
Jove
obey
j
o
o v
dot
ball
dot b
aw
hope
h 5 p
hog
blot
rogue
hog
blot
rog
p i 1 5
sh a
fop
chop
fop
ch
6 p
Paul
p p
aw
pillow
c^
o
pole
shallow
beau
arrow
bo
a r o
elbow
elbo
rope
r o
John bone
motto
polo
polo
b 5
m
bore
b5
6 t
16
GREGG SHORTHAND
placed on
its
side
before N, M, R, L,
character, as
preceded
by
downward
.<=
dome
Nome
''
o m
n o m
*-
General Exercise
nor
n aw r
*=
home
flown knoll drawn
h 6 f 1
o n
orb
aw r
own
o n
n o
whole
hoi h 6 1
o
r aw n
hollow
aroma
blown
tone
b 1
o n
aroma
ton
core
k 5
n
atone
t 6
known
roam
6 6
door
adore
dor
a
d 5
n
roll
6 1
m
loan
alone
1 5
a
comb
k 5
o n
coal
k 6 1
omit
mole
m o
omit
dawn
aw n
THIRD LESSON
1 1
n
-"
17
h 5 1
l
goal
g
t
^
''
"
holy
Nora Cora
tall
aw
n o r a
brawny
r aw
o r a
all
told
-'
beyond
very
of
body
call
the
of all
--2)
of which
company,
keep
^p
of our
in favor in
on
our
favor
friend-ly
glad
the
on our
judge
most
on which
7
the
on which
of
in
publish
regard
public,
real,
I told
on
regard
behalf
18
GREGG SHORTHAND
Reading Exercise
?*
<d.
Writing Exercise
1. The team
will
haul the
2. Judge Lodge
in-our-favor.
would-not
public.
take a check
drawn
4. I-can-not very well follow the form given in-the letter. 5. After the ball game Laura came home in-the launch. 6. The good ship Jane dashed on a. rock, but all the
reached
people
the shore.
FOURTH LESSON
The OO-Hook
21. The
(called
upper part of
the
small
elliptical short
figure
&-
the oo-hook)
represents
the
sound
of
u,
heard in hum, dumb (not the long u heard in use, which will be given later) ; the hook with a dot beneath it expresses the sound of oo, as in took, foot; the hook with
a short
dash beneath
it
expresses
the
long
oo,
as
in
doom,
boom.
u
"?
as
in
in
tuck
t u
k
s
6t>
6b
r>
as
took
do k
as
in
tomb
t oo m
'
doom
shove
oo m
tug
shut
tiig
sh u
sh u v
A*
hug
rut
shoot
sh 06
t
c
rut
to
oo
shoe
sh oo
do
oo
sft
shook
sh
do k
19
20
foot
cuff
GREGG SHORTHAND
f 66 t k ii f
<"
up
up
"7
hush
gush
dug jug
fudge huff
pool
dug jug
f ii
h ii
g
sh
u sh
honey
duck
h ii
n 1
h ii f
p
ool
duk
hood
hook dove
puff
h do d h
oo
fool
toot
fool
toot
d ii
p
u
oven
ii
v n
tough
tuf
7
k 1
who
h 66 h
oo m
ruddy
chuckle
ii d i
whom
ch ii
huddle
tattoo
h ii d 1
tatoo
boom
boom
1 ii k i
lucky
always on
placed
on
its K
side
or
after when
placed
its
side after
mug
mood
mug
m
mud
mud
66 d
muff
ii f
cool
k 6b 1
g ii 1
~7
moon
m oo n
gull
FOURTH LESSON
21
hot
h ii t horn h ii
m
m
loam
loom
rot
o m
hut
1 55
r
home
hum
moan
rut
ii t
bone boon
coach
bon b 56 k
n
moon
moon
mode
mod
o ch
7
sh
mood
mood
gush
g ii
dome
doom
d 6
coal
doom
cull
k ii 1
AND
23. When followed by a vowel, W has the sound of wait. W is therefore expressed by the oo, as 6o-a-t
oo-hook.
we
w e
wall
w aw
weave
w e v
y
cT
woe
w o
wait
w a
wool
66 1
more con
under
of a w
word a
it is generally
to
express
by
horizontal dash
the
22
vowel,
GREGG SHORTHAND
often
be
omitted.
twig
twin
^f
equity
ekwiti
2""
jir
dwell
d
h
w e
1
w a
quick
w 1
^->_>
headway
'*
25. In
a
words
vowel,
is
expressed
beginning by
with
a-k or
a-w,
followed line
by
dot
placed on
the
close
to the
next character.
ahead
awake
a w a
.^
>
away
a w a
f)
ahem
ahem
26. Wh is
the
pronounced
should
hw,
as
h-w-e-1
wheel,
hence
dot for h
be
written
first.
hw
a
whit
hw i t
p^
whack
>
whig
hw i g
zr
whim
hw
l m
27. Y is
therefore
yacht
equivalent
to the
e,
as
e-o-r
yore,
and
is
represented
by
small circle.
&^~
y 6 t y
aw n
.<^
yore
y y
R
or
o r
cS.
yawn
yawl
aw
ct
L,
its
side.
of a
word yi
or ye
is
expressed
neces-
by
a small
loop,
and ya
by
large loop.
When
FOURTH LESSON
23
sary to denote the exact shade of vowel sound, the dot or dash is placed beneath the loop.
ye
ye
cO
yet
ye
yea
va
yellow
ye
year
ye r
Yale
ya
General Exercise
way
wave
w a
acquit
i t
1 d
w a
&~~y
y
7
o
quail
k b
w a
wade
wad
Broadway
roadway
await
r aw
(_^/^
wake
wa
rodwa
wage
waj
wed
a w a
cT
weed
awoke
a w
6 k
e
widow
w l
d
p
wheel
hw
1
t
weep
walk
w e
wheat
hw hw
hw
w aw
whip
wash
6 6
5
sh
whiff
watch
ch
yam
ya m
wove
7
k
Yarrow
yoke
ya r o
quack
w a
y 6 k
24
Word-Signs
above
and
r
^
2
of your
become, book
could
to
you
do
you
full-y
great
you
have
have
not
you
look
move
.
we
have have
not
we
much
should
^
4
we can not
sure-ly
upon
we will
from
.
you
work
your
letter
world
/>?
if if if
you
have
yes
t?
your
n
you will
you,
you can
W is
week
omitted
in the
"~*
following
words :
when
were
"^-^
what
where
Q-'
won-one
fourth lesson
25
Reading Exercise
<L^
kL^
/"
7
1.
2. 3.
A
Writing Exercise
The
wheel of-the wagon caught in a rut of-the rough road. The pony ran away but the groom caught him. Edwin should-have told you about-the affair before the
letter
4.
reached you.
You-may
do it
The
mud
do the
work
in
your
own
way if-you-are
sure
you-can
well.
5.
wheel.
in-the
road will-reach
up to-the hub
of-the wagon
FIFTH LESSON
AND
TH
small small
elliptical
figure
are
given
in the last
which
&
two
curves express
obtained
are
downwards to
to
the very
common
letter
S,
and upwards
express
Th.
TH
S
c
or
/~
or
down
Note: It is very
are written
important
while
up keep steadily in mind that the curves for S those for TH are written upwards and at a greater
to memory aid :
downwards,
a useful
Rules
for
Joining S and Th
a
curve, the S to
which
is
written
in
direction
a
as
the
curve
it is joined,
circle
vowel application
thus
securing
at
rule.
uniform
movement.
occurring
of
the
joining
does
not affect
the
this
spray
reaps
Cc
^*>
safe
makes
=o
face
skate
cv
pass
fa
i-
"~Zf
y
sphere
sick
precedes a
>
stroke rests on
the
26
FIFTH
LESSON
27
the
to
T, D, N, M,
A
S is
used
at
forms
sharp
angle.
circle vowel
occurring
the
joining
does
not
stay
set
^
f
odds
smack
>
^~
days
snow
s;i rne
^
^^-^r
nets
S
j^
leans
knees
said
seen
to
Sh, Ch, J,
^
the S
is
used which
the
clockwise
movement
called
the
"comma
sash
S."
sage
/
of
chess
/
and
a
33. In
circle
words
consisting
or
Th,
or
both,
vowel,
or
Th
should
be
written
with
the clock
wise movement.
Circle
as
and
Circle
heath
and
V"
Th
Combinations
these
5?
J
ry
see
hath
thee
if
sees
essay
c?
<^
Seth
y;
34. The
when
clockwise
Th is
given
the preference,
used.
moth
but
joined to O, R, L,
'
the other
form is
thick
r*
though
'
theme
.-a
throw
-~
earth
e_->
doth
athlete
o^
health
,;
28
GREGG SHORTHAND
35. In
is
used.
words
beginning
soul
with
so,
the
"comma
S"
so
4
<=^
soap
sod
(
zs
sorrow
sofa
36. The
at
combination
of
us
is
written when
without an
angle
the
beginning
K, G.
3
words,
or
it follows
down
stroke or
us
fuss
gust
J
"""
gracious
bus
^,
vicious
37. Z is
dash
represented
by
the
sign
for S, but
words.
an oblique
marks
the
distinction in isolated
If
neces
sary, the Th
the
sound
heard in breathe may be distinguished from heard in breath in the same manner.
c>
gas
face
phase
<y
breath breathe
(_rs
Cj--^
gaze
^
The
sound of zk,
9^
Note:
from
sh
by
the oblique
of
dash, but
it is desired to
mark
foreign
words.
38. The letter X may be expressed at the end, or in body of words, (but not at the beginning), by a slight modification of the curve for S, as shown in the
the
following
mix
examples:
coax
tax
**C
box
fix
-f
lax
(?
FIFTH
LESSON
29
39. The
N
written
sound of
in
(which is
sounded
rank)
by
longer
-
sign.
rang
rank
*_Q_
sing
sink
_!_
king
.-_
^__
*-_d>
kink
^--s____
Simple Prefixes
and
Suffixes
are expressed
40. The
and
prefixes
con, com,
coun
by K,
The
the
vowel
is
omitted
in the
prefixes
en,
in,
un, em,
%m
when
the
prefix
is followed
by
consonant.
prefix ex
is
expressed
by
es.
condole
infancy
envy
emboss
~}
~1
convey
compass
/~ -
>
explode
41. The
placed
suffix or
ing
or
thing is
expressed
by
dot
is
beneath
close to the
same
preceding
letter;
tngs
expressed
by S
to
in the
place, the
being
written
contrary
the
hands-of-a-clock
movement.
being doing
ringing
(
^
__^
singing
making
everything
30 42. The
suffix
GREGG SHORTHAND
ly
is
expressed
by
the
small
circle,
and
ily,
ally
by
loop.
calmly
readily
'"3
only early
=-=
prettily
Cj^*"
totally
s*^
43. The
nation
suffix
tion,
sion
(shun)
y>
is
expressed
by
ary
SH.
-^
session
action
oration
--y^
motion
fashion
cy
2>-
or
M,
the w is expressed
by the hook.
FIFTH
LESSON
31
salad
32
GREGG
SHORTHAND
ask
than,
that
then
business
cause, because
r
->
r
their,
them
there
course
desire
else,
^
^r
they
thing,
this think
list
inclose
instan-ce
is, his
-r
those
->
was
long
must
t"
is
the
is
is
this
next
-r~
there c
other
there
is
receive
this
~f
2
is
some
in
these
soon
for
(^
that
A
f
speak,
speech
he
was
y^
state
there
was
such
in
such
FIFTH LESSON
3J
Reading Exercise
d>
<2^
c<=>
s>
<f
As
1.
notice
t<=>
f-
Writing Exercise
The book in-the
of
essays
by John Burroughs
motion a was made
was-given
long
papers.
such
2.
3.
on-the
I-think that
I-shall-not
press.
a
early in-the
session.
wait
for
King
as-the
book is
soon.
4.
We-inclose The
speech
list
of
things
very
S.
teaching.
SIXTH LESSON
Diphthongs
44. A
two
pure
diphthong is
uttered
the
union
in
one syllable of
simple
vowels
in
rapid
succession.
The
circles
diphthongs
and
are
therefore
expressed
by joining
of
the
vowels
which
they
are
composed.
u
cr
as
fume
now
u m
,U-
ow
cf
as
n ow
&
oi
iP
as
in
oil
(9 Note:
as in
die
The diphthong u is a combination of e and oo; ow, of a and oo; oi, The sign for the diphthong i is a large circle with an indentation of aw and e. resembling a combination of li and e, which, if uttered in rapid succession, This sign for * is generally called the broken yield a sound almost equivalent to *.
' ' '
'
circle.
General Exercise
hue
feud
cow
cr
fine huge
mute
fin
h
m u
J-
fud k
t
ow
2^
--&
7
J
fi t
toy
annoy
oi
^
c=~?
bough
ow
a n oi
Hoyle
try
34
hoil
t
r
sky
ski
>-o
SIXTH
unique
u n e
LESSON i
35
th
**-*
thy
humid
sigh
ounce
ow n s
humid
s
toil
t oi
cJ
ripe
rip
u
scout
ow
youth
th
Nile
i 1
thou
th ow
price
r l s
Roy
cue
r 01
rhyme
rim
ku
gid
apply
tile
p 1 i
<fZ^>
guide
til
alloy
chime
a.
oi
comply
com
p 1 i
ch
invite
enjoy
ire
en
I t
oi
adjoin
oi n
J
7
fight
mouth
fit
m ow th
impugn
exude
im p
ex u
u n
mightily
I t
ily
Notes:
(a)
The
rules
governing the
joining
of
thong i. In the words Nile, tile, for instance, the as is done in nail, tale.
sign
is
placed outside
the angle,
(b) In
the large
some words
it
will
circle
be found unnecessary to write the line through For example, it is sufficient to write mat
and ma
for
might, as
"it
(might)
are :
be,"
for my,
as
"in
ma
(my)
opinion,"
etc
Other-common -examples
life,
quite, lively.
36
GREGG SHORTHAND
Vowel Combinations
45. Consecutive
vowels
which
do
not
form
pure
diphthong
Leo Owen Noah
Note:
are
joined in
-f
f-^~
their
natural
order.
olio
olio
Sen
n o a
cameo
a m e o
-^
&
-^
snowy
a
s n
^^P
When
long
is followed by
small
circle,
as
in Owen, (o
n), the
dash is usually
placed
46.
Any
vowel
following
&
the the
diphthong
large
circle.
i is
expressed
by
the
via
small
circle within
via
lion
science
"
1 1 ii
s
fiat dial
Note :
fiat dial
When io begins
^J-
e n s
^j-r-
'
iota
it is
written
i 5 t
cf^
a word
same movement as o
in longhand,
which
it
resembles
with
the
47. Where necessary, short i followed mania, is expressed by the large circle with
within
by
a
as
in
dot it.
placed
vowel
it;
and
followed
by
any large
circle
sound
by
the
large
circle with a
dash
within
These
distinctions
mania
mania
<
<^->
Olympia
ammonia
olimpia
medial
medial
<
amonia
create
r e a
Lydia
d I
SIXTH LESSON
37
there
are no con
48. There
sonants. marks
are a
few
words
in
which
In
such words
distinguishing
Cs
dot for the aspirate, or the the vowel sounds, should be used.
the
n
vf.
ah!
wlir
who
ye
C/
awe
hue, hew
oh!
cT
yea
owe,
hay
high
O
/
woe
hoe
Word-Signs
allow
and
Phrases
I find
Q
t>
point,
appoint write
cP
behind
right,
side
^_jp
find
J
out
how,
kind light like
cf
usual-ly,
wish
.
^-q
4
7
your
while
kind letter
^-f?
<
why
wife
>
on this side
would
like
Yours truly
s"
38
GREGG
SHORTHAND
Reading Exercise
X
G>
<=7^
^c7>
&
3
C&-
cP
Writing Exercise
1.
2.
so
Julia Marlowe
will-not
year.
city,
please-wire-me
3.
the
Please-write-me
price on-the
help fully
for
you.
as-to
what
you
do
about
increasing
the size
4.
of
Before The
we
we-must
find
out about
type
which
you-wish
to use.
new year
5.
chimes will
ring in the
SEVENTH LESSON
Blended Consonants
straight
lines form
of
an obtuse
or
blunt
"slur"
natural
tendency
the
the
hand is to
a curve,
angle and
allow
lines to form
thus;
The
characters
have been
form
so
arranged
that many
fre
an obtuse
being
observed, the
lines blend
naturally in the
form
of a curve.
50. AH
ten
of
the
following
the
blended
upwards
from
line
in
in
of writing:
f^
TEN, DEN ^
TEM,
DEM
,
'
as
tenor
denote
/"
as
temper
as
in
paint
bf
C-~f
EMD
as 171
prompt
but diphthongs and strongly For instance, dean, dine, team, lame, dome, dime. accented vowels are inserted. The blend is used, however, in words ending in tain as detain are written in full. (b) Although the blends enl, end, emt, emd are pronounced as syllables, just as sh is pronounced ish, the vowel preceding the blend is seldom omitted, except at
consonants
are
omitted,
the
beginning
of a
word, as in entry,
entail.
39
obtain
Notes:
the blended
'a) The
rule
given
in Paragraph lines
as
16
applies to
word
in the
(b)
given
Where it is
preference.
to use either
ten, den,
or ent,
the
SEVENTH
LESSON
41
51. In is
joining
in
d to
or
v,
and
angle
obscured
rapid
writing,
of
and
pen.
combination
is
impulse
'
'
the
DEF-V,
TIVE
as
in defeat
in
gentle
<f^
native
&/
JENT-D, PENT-D
Note:
as
C^f~
happened (Zf
the
end of
It
will
occurs at
words, as in
def, dev,
which
beginning
in defame.
General Exercise
defy
edify
edifice
'oc
deficit
restive
'yf
genteel
C^~
t^}
'
Gentile
6y
"j/
festive
motive
^7
legend
regent
-**,
deface
y^
defame defense
devout
^
'.
*A-
attentive
contingent
-"'o/
tentative
tangent
'f\S
^tA
<o^
cheapened
/j
V^/
<s3
;
pageant
ripened
depend
4,
o
y
/
Q"'
rampant
spent
'A"*
opened
*S
expend
(-J
cogent
""?"/
impending
42
GREGG SHORTHAND
52. The
syllables
men,
by lengthen
ing long
sus,
m, that
stroke
is, by joining
upwards, the two
signs
equal
by joining
MEN, MEM
/^
mention
TED, DED,
DET SES XES
Notes: The
as
in
in in
heated
passes
seated
as
fJ
faces
<V
i
while
?
ded, ted,
in
as
boxes
occurs at
combination
det usually
the
beginning
only,
of
words, as
in
detach, detest,
The
stroke
is
used
to express
ted, ded
disjoined dash
being
more convenient
in Par. 53.
General Exercise
effeminate
J2-
1?
Roman
immense
SEVENTH
LESSON f?
43
sustain
guesses
possess
f
.
.
cessation
A
^^,
races
leases fences
annexes
basis
--y
taxes
Z?
s,
being
Note: In rapid writing the first 5 in ses may become obscure, and yet the second written contrary to the rule for writing a single 5, clearly indicates the form.
Compare face, faces,
case, cases,
plural
pass, passes.
53. At
preceding
invited
the
end of
many
words placed
ed, may be
expressed
by
f^f)
character.
divided
demanded
printed
dj^-
taken of the
blending
principle
writing, thus:
to meet
ought to
know
to
make
f^^
at
any time
to my to
what to
do
know
f"
in due time
Word-Signs
and,
end
and
"
Phrases
f^
S
;
assist
date,
did
CJ-
hand
agent
attention
'
definite devote
'""
between
<X
44
differ-"' ence
GREGG SHORTHAND
<7
society
time to-morrow
/
^
and
am
difficult-y
duty
endure
AX
at
hand
my time
'
all
want
*-^
at that time
exist-ence
went
gentlemen
u
^
in time
and there
-f
Messrs.
says,
system
kind is
-^
attention
J
X.
and there
every my
attention
season
and am
-^
attention
Reading Exercise
if
ri
sd
<?
f
/
SEVENTH
LESSON
45
'
(9
*A
-r
Writing Exercise
1. The society law.
asks
conditions
and a mini
mum wage
2. The book
memoirs
of-this
famous
to-me.
man read
like
romance;
such a
will-be an
inspiration
will
3. Andrew Temple
evening
classes at
study printing
and
book
binding
in the
4. Your-letter
reached
no
means
that you-are
you money. of-time
doing
something
and
is willing to-give
the
us
6. We-can-not
money does-not
on-you
grant
reach
extension
you-wish,
if-the draw
we-shall
through
our
bank.
7. The
books for-the
season
had to devote
EIGHTH LESSON
Rules
for
Expressing R
written with a reverse move
55. The
ment
circle or
loop is
to
express
R:
after
straight
(a)
Before
or
lines,
or
between twc
straight
lines in the
same
direction.
After
Between
tart
Before
tar
arm
<-,
marmot
harsh
share
6
and
an
tardy
(b)
Between
horizontal
cart
upward
character.
mart
lard
garden
(c)
Between
downward
barn
character and
chart
T, D, N, M.
farm
pert
A
Note: As there is *s followed
after
A
a
Aa straight
tendency in
rapid
writing to curve
line
when
it
by a circle, the distinctive method of joining Ch, J, illustrated in chart (compare with Perl), is 46
to prevent any
possibility of misreading.
EIGHTH
LESSON
47
(d)
Between
SH, CH, J,
Charles
and
L.
charlatan
churl
Jarley
A^
56.
^
changing the form
manners
^^
of
l^
circle
By
the
reversed
to a
loop
line,
the
letter S is
tires
added-
dares
stars
->
.
A
cheers
readers
preachers
ledgers
/
57. Before straight lines S in ser, cer, sar, and Th ir ther, thir, may be written contrary to the usual method of joining to express R.
sermon assert serge
sardine
/
exert
6^
insert
desert
thirty
Thermos
General Exercise
heart
ip^
army
harness
Armenia
earn
ex,-
hearty
heartily
iA
hard harm
C^
<^
r-
a.
48
GREGG SHORTHAND
soldiers
d
<^__,
surname
more
facile to
use
the circle
for the
obscure
vowel sound
EIGHTH LESSON
49
reversing :
omitted without
(a)
In many
*r
words
containing ar,
cargo
er:
starch
perverse
large
y?
clergy
certain
perversity
f
^/
learn
term
serve
surface
A
Cp
<__-?
turn
surprise
lantern
northern
surplus
traverse
southern
(b)
In many
words
containing
or:
ordain
ornate
sort
retort
-t6
f
border
extort
indorse
absorb
(c)
In
words
beginning with
warn
war,
ward
wor:
war
worse
50
GREGG SHORTHAND
principle
is
used
to
express
L in the
following
till,
words :
teil
deal
mile
smile
still
style
detail
f
Note: deals
f
is
expressed
The
by
Par. 56.
mails
styles
details
A
Word-Signs
certificate
//
merchandise
~^f
particular
determine
order
'
territory
trust
organize-
firm first
merchant
^1
organization
X
y
question
until
refer-ence
word
Reading Exercise
A
X^
<A?
EIGHTH
LESSON
51
fj
s*=>
s~
Writing Exercise
1. 2.
3.
as shown
Robert Burns portray his love for mankind in-the line "A man's a man for all We-can-not fill your first order until we-have heard from-your
The
poems of
that."
references.
In-the
northern
territory
it does a large mail order business The firm in-question deals in hardware and sells all style churns, hammers and other tools to-the farmers in-this ant
southern cities
bordering
counties.
NINTH LESSON
Word-Signs
on
this
page
should
be transcribed
student
Afterwards the
his
key,
and make
_*
,--,
^ y y
>-
-~&
X-
'
c?
S
O
ST
10.
As
?
*
-_>
,-
11 12.
A~^^-
A-r
C2-^
A
CO
<r
7
<a
<r
Jf
A'*
52
NINTH
LESSON
53
61. The
word-signs
student
should
test
his knowledge
words
of
the
by
writing the
following
in shorthand,
comparing the forms he has written with those the opposite page. In doing this it is a good
ring
around
to
place a
any
word of
incorrectly written,
the
correct
am-
lines
form.
more, and-end,
assist.
at-it, attention,
can.
cause-beca
be-but-by, become-book, been-bound, beforebehalf, behind, belief-believe, between, beyond, body, business,
use, certificate, change-which, check,
company-
call,
3. care,
keep,
4.
could, course,
devote, differ-ent-ence, difficult-y, duty, else-list, exist-ence, fall-follow, far-favor, find, firm, first.
5. for,
6.
have, he, how-out, I, in-not, inclose, instant-instance, is-his, judge, kind, let-letter, light, like.
7. little,
long, look,
marktt-Mr.,
Messrs.,
must.
9. question,
society,
real-regard,
receive,
refer-ence,
reply,
represent,
side,
right-write,
says-system,
season,
shall-ship,
should,
some.
than-
12. were, what, when, where, while, why, wife, wire, word, work,
world, would, yes,
you-your.
54
List
GREGG SHORTHAND
of
Additional Word-Signs
written
62. Many
of
in
accordance
later
stage of
the study,
but
are
begin dictation
are of
connected matter.
As these
should
words
frequent
occurrence, the
order
forms
be
diligently
practiced, in
to
gain
facility
in writing them.
accept-ance
bring
capital
accord
A
S-&
accordance
car,
correct
acknowledge
carry
character
acquaint-ance
advantage
charge
advertise
clear-ly
clerk
again
agree
collect
always
consider-ation
arrange-ment
CUP
copy
corporation
?
^7
avoid
beauty
better
bill
correspond-ence
cover
credit
NINTH LESSON
custom
55
import-^
improve-ment
industry
influence
A
-7
draft
duplicate
A?
insur-ance
invoice
during,
educate
Dr.
jury
mortgage
effect
never
either
newspaper
enough
object
experience
?
X,
X
oblige
occasion
occuP-ation
office
God
gone
official
got
opinion
govern-ment
part
A
C
house
j>
princip-f^
publication
immediate-ly
56
pupil
GREGG SHORTHAND
spirit
<S
-
quality
quantity
railroad
stand
stock
strange
_~_-^
railway
recent ^
strong,
strength
suggest-ion
^
record
~
thank
regret
thorough-ly, three
throughout
'
remark
"
remit-tance
truth
report
A
^
typewriter
&>,
respect-ful-ly
return
value
-^
vowel
satisfactory
satisfaction
<r
wealth
(see well)
cf
with
+-
send
without
significance
sir
wonder
>^
yesterday
~
small
young
NINTH
Notes1
causes
LESSON
ending in 5 is formed
as
57
follows
-
(a.^
The
plural
of word-signs
instances
respects
-7
(h)
To
exDf?ss
"7
the
c'ural of
word-signs
ending in
a circle
and
of
some words
etiding In
loop,
a slight change
is
made
in the
manner of
joining S.
carries
cares
families
homilies
(c)
After
namely
a circle
vowel,
ly is written
dearly
consonant,
thus
likely
daily
nearly
merely
(d)
Ly is lightly
added to words
ending in the
diphthong
i by the double
rightly
circle
kindly
Reading Exercise
&
A
f
2
J
1
6^
Writing Exercise
1. The
government will acceptance a
of
insure the
our order gave
goods against
loss.
with
2. Your
is in
accordance
the
arrangement,
copy
of which
to
your clerk.
3. His
vantage
long
experience
new official
will
be
an ad
to the
4. Quality is more be "Not how much, but how 5. The charge of the judge
character and occupation of
in his work with the insurance corporation. important than quantity. Your motto should
well."
will
oblige
the
jury
to consider the
the victim.
6. The agent reports that he could not send the book yesterday but that he will deliver it to-morrow without fail. 7. The typewriter is of great value in the business office. In truth it is difficult to do business without one. 8. He says that most of his pupils wish to take the full course and that he is planning the organization of a new class at the
beginning
9. We
of
next
month.
suggest
on
be
10. Please
cord
it immediate
object
attention.
report of
of
this season's
this publication
before
the public
TENTH
LESSON
Compound Words
63. A
number
of
compounds as
may be
obtained
by
illustrated in the
The
second
"before."
following
words are
the
same principle :
::
G^
Q^
O,
Q-
"
y
with :
iz
in the forms for anywhere,
somewhere. and
Note:
anvhow,
Slight
sometime,
These
should
notwithstanding
is
not-with-s.
59
60
gregg shorthand
Miscellaneous Compounds
nobody
meanwhile
-y.
nevertheless
otherwise
,rO
!=^
^c"
standpoint
thanksgiving
c^-
KEY TO
any:
COMPOUND
WORDS
anyhow.
be:
ever-y:
however,
whoever, every
body,
here:
everyone,
everywhere.
there:
where:
whereas,
wherever,
wherefore,
wherein,
whereof, whereon,
soever:
elsewhere.
whomso
some:
some
with:
within, withstand,
forthwith,
notwithstanding.
Derivatives, Etc.
64. After
reversed express abbreviated
words and
words
ending in
circle,
the
short
dash
the
struck upward
is
used
to
past
tense;
disjoined
r expresses
the
ory.
disjoined ri,
expresses
ary,
TENTH director
LESSON
/
caller
61
"~il.
-
wanted
*~^
experienced
directory
nearer
customary
murderer
^
*
dearer
are
distinctive,
joined,
as
ir
boundary,
65. When
the
last
consonant
of
may be
used
to
express
lines.
longer firmer
teacher
/
66. The
word-signs
after
(af)
and
out
(ow)
may be
used as prefix
forms.
afternoon
aftertimes
outstanding
<?f~-
outside
62
sender
"t-'
GREGG SHORTHAND
thinker
^-^
afterglow
shipper
C--
worker
^-^,
outgoing
outfit
publisher
afterthought ^f
67.
to
the terminations.
time
and effort
it
is already familiar in longhand, as Rev. for Reverend, ans. for answer, Jan. for January, Phila. for Philadelphia, etc.
when
transcribing.
The
extent upon
to the
which
depends
and
subject
familiarity of the writer with the words matter. Every writer can apply it easily
and
and
adapt
it to the he may
most
special requirements of
line
of work
in
which
be
The
this
are
of
among the
common
and
useful
the
application of
principle.
When
principle
will
be
Many
the
in
subsequent
lessons
in this
the
It is important to bear in
usually
sentence
that all
occur
in
sentences.
"He was
might
enthusiasm,"
it
would
be
sufficient
form
be
used
for
enthusi
in "He
reception
TENTH LESSON
63
It
^
is
possible
<A
that
the
success
of
the
magazine
may
c
A
to
change
^-^
make
it
necessary
s-
the
,-
policy
of
the
association
o-
^~
-r
ff_^
sometime
at
the
next
meeting
in
P/w'/adelphia
in
January.
Have
you
memorandum
of
their
financial
standing?
J
We
cannot cancel
^
the
J-February
A"'
balance.
The
number
will
contain
an
original
story
by
very
prominent
writer.
Please
answer
this
letter
before
September
first.
We
remember
your
co-operation
at
that
time
and
we
shall
show
<-^
our
appreciation when
A
there
-A?
is
an
opportunity
to
do
so.
64
GREGG SHORTHAND
The
following
words are
to
be
written
in
shorthand,
on
compared with
the
forms
given
the
1. aband(on),
abbrev(iate),
abs(ent),
abso(lute),
accus(tom),
ans(wer).
bal(ance), brill(iant),
3. cap(able),
cal(culate),
canc(el).
Cath(olic),
celeb(ratej,
chil(dren),
collat(eral),
estim(ate),
5. grat(itude),
7.
hund(red), inaug(urate), indic(ate), lnnoc(ence), irresistible), journ(al). knowl(edge), lang(uage), leg(al), leng(th), hb(erty), loc(al),
mag (azine)
.
9. num(erous),
obse(rve),
obv(ious),
oppor(tunity),
ordin(ary),
10
perpend
(icular),
pleas(ant),
pol(icy),
pop(ular),
pos(sible),
pov(erty), predeces(sor),
pref(er),
prej
(udice)
prelim(inary)
13. splend(id), suc(cess), sufficient;, synon(ymous), temp(.erance;, trav(el), unan(imous), un(ion), vul(gar)
TENTH LESSON
65
Principle
Exercise
on Abbreviating
following words are to be transcribed without referring to the key on the opposite page until the work
has been
completed.
The
1.
A"
(y
r-y
'Z-?
s-
i.
CA- CX
s^
*r
eC
9.
-tr
A /AC
&A
-,
<=^A7
?>
'
C*~^r>
io.
g^
C.
<C~
A^
<<
A cA
".
C^
c. c
66 68. The
this
as
GREGG SHORTHAND
Abbreviating
after a
Principle may be
applied
to
distinctive outline is
secured.
Usually
vowel,
side.
is done
diphthong or strongly
sounded
illustrated in the word-signs right-write, find, light, The following are useful examples :
bright delight
derive decide
unite
strike
<5ur
~*~
Friday Saturday
dz>
<?
TENTH
LESSON
67
Figures, Etc.
69. After
numerals
the
word
under
dollars is
the
expressed
by
d;
hundred
by
placed
the numeral;
thousand to the
by th;
gallons
million
numeral; billion
by m by b;
placed
on
line
or
close
pounds (weight
money)
by p;
francs
by g; barrels by br; bushels by bsh; feet by f; by fr; cwt by nw; o'clock by o placed over the
S~
numeral :
$5
500
4A
f;
X>
.f:
$500
5,000 $5,000
500,000 5,000,000
A
r
five barrels
five bushels
A^
JZ
j~-
five feet
five
cwt.
r
7"
jr
five
o'clock
5)
f
A (
may be
used
500 feet
five francs
70. These
signs
after
the
article a
and
such words as
per, few,
several:
dollar
thousand dollars
^f
few
thousand
dollars
a pound
63
a
per
hundred
-
several
a million
several
a gallon
;.
71. Cents
by
dollars may be
expressed
writing the figures representing them very small and above the numerals for the dollars; when not preceded
by
by
Per
per
dollars the
cent cent
sign
for
is
5
placed
written n
above
the
figures.
is
expressed annum
cents
by
per
by
adding
to
per cent.
per cent per annum
$8.50
five
five
per cent
five
43
Reading Exercise
rf
>>
ex
(_s>
"
z-
A^>~~
-*
**
TENTH
LESSON
69
C^
>
>x
Writing Exercise
you will find a notice which should be desires general knowledge about the legal rights of women in the different states in the union. 2. He advertised in the afternoon papers for an experienced col lector and by 10 o'clock that night a hundred replies were received. 3. The eloquent speaker was greeted with enthusiastic applause which indicated that his views were popular. 4. If the quality of this merchandise is not as represented you
1.
Elsewhere in
this
issue
read
by
everyone who
may
return
the
goods
but
5.
we cannot
possibly
will
any discount
the
on
the
balance.
The
creditor
relinquish
claim
which
him,
and
therefore we
the
6.
We
allow a
discount
take
of
5%
on cash sales.
7.
Some
customers
advantage of
this even
when
they find
money.
ELEVENTH LESSON
Phrase-Writing
72. The
the
practice of
join
can
ing
of
small
words,
for
without
it be
great
proficiency
the
never
be
or
attained.
All the
common
phrases
consisting
same
two
three
words
should
written
with
ordinary word-form, but nothing is gained facility after special forms for uncommon phrases, by straining or where the outline requires more than five efforts of
as an
the
pen.
While
experience
must
ever
be the
supreme
teacher
in
phrase-writing, the
following
suggestions will
be
useful.
(a) At
I am glad.
the
only
should
be joined.
as
(6) The
words
make
good
sense
if standing alone,
(c)
joined.
The
outlines
for the
words should
be
capable of
being
of
easily
(d) Phrases
should
movement.
writing
be avoided; in
words, the
(e) Pronouns
I am, I shall,
you
are
words
as
can,
have.
may be joined to the
word as
(/) A
good men.
qualifying
word
{) The
prepositions
to, of, in
and
with,
and
70
ELEVENTH LESSON
generally joined to the in case, with this, and there.
are
71
as
words,
they precede,
to
have,
of which,
(h) The
auxiliary
verbs
should, would,
could are
generally joined
to the words
they precede,
as should
could
be.
the
In practicing the
student should
phrases given
in this manual,
keep steadily in mind that they are given as examples, and that he is to form his own phrases on similar lines in general practice. He should study the
phrases
here
given with
view of also
noting
not
only the
words
nature of
the
joinings, but
the
nature of
the
that
are
joined.
General Exercise
it is
of
*<*
of our
,u_
I I
am
the
~-
of all
US
can
c-
'
^~
to the
sO
we are
-a-
I have
you
to this
from from
the
^~
have
J J
^
in
on
the
-^
you
J_
I I
would
the
which
the
will
of
his
their
i>
which
is
/
A
str
you can
-,
of
which can
you will
of your
c^
that the
of which
/
.-f
is the in
our
y^
there
is
_-/
it in
was
-*
there are
which
72
GREGG SHORTHAND
by
the
y
all right
^ff>
-f>
by
which
!
f"
there were
to you
there
will
X
A
--
may be
will
7^
in
thus
be
be
I inclose
we
the
this
would
inclose
with
y>
at
hand
in
regard
Word
Modifications
are obtained
Very useful and distinctive phrase-forms by modifying the forms for certain words.
73. Before
ter
or
words
beginning
favor
with a
downward
charac
O, R, L,
to is expressed
to
by
t.
to
to
be
have
honor
to
to please
to receive
to pay
to
believe
to
look
74. When
expressed
repeated
in
phrase,
the
word
as
is
by s:
as great as as
as well as
many
as
as good as
as much as
A?
as
long
as
ELEVENTH LESSON
73
75. In
phrases
been is
expressed
by
b:
nas
)
/
or
(
.sf
!t
been
not
l have
been
76. After be
to be able
been the
-r
word aWe
is
expressed
by a:
shall
be
able
'have
been
be
be
able
C/ )
ff
has
will
not
been
able
would
able
be
able
should
able
*ff
have
not
been
able
77. The
following
they had
method
of
expressing
had
after
nouns should
be carefully
noted :
I had
we
had
you
had
78. When do
expressed
not sign
is
preceded
by
pronoun,
it is
by
the
O
for dn.
we
I do
you
not
do
not
-yf
do
not
-f
I do
you
not
think
&
they do
not
do
not
know
not
by
writing don.
don't know
I don't believe
74
GREGG SHORTHAND
80. The
expressed
without written an
phrase
by
was not may be easily and writing wasn't, that is, by joining
legibly
s
to
nt
angle.
and
For the
there is
same
reason, it
is
not
is
If
it isn't
not
is
written
there isn't.
need
to be clearly
indicated,
wasn't
is
it
forms.
was not
it is
not
he
it
^y
yJ
^y
81. The
are
words
ago, early,
sorry, want,
modified
as
shown
in
the
following
to
phrase-forms:
weeks ago
him
months ago
I told him
we
years ago
told him
at an
I hope
we
at an
day
y
hope
sorry sorry
early reply
am
few days
we are
few days
ago
want
few
few
months
you want
months ago
we want
few
few
minutes
if
you want
2a
minutes ago
do
you want
ELEVENTH LESSON
75
Omission
of
Words
omitted and
82. The
implied
phrase
of the may be
words
//
its
omission
by
writing the
of
it
..
connects close
together,
the
^
.
time
fi,
of
the
day
market
f^
-<
^-ff
^i
state of
the
credit of
the
firm
^J-
list
of
the
people
rjf
83. The
as
to are
omitted
in
such phrases
from
to
month
month year year season season
Q
K
-
from from
^^
day to day
week
from
to
i
to
week
from
to
r
-2
84. The
after
word after
is
omitted
in
such phrases
as
day
day, but
after
the
joined.
time
time
iff
ff
.
hour
word
85. The
day,
the last
word
by is omitted in such phrases as day by being written a little below the first
'me
word.
day by day
week
fX&
by
line
by
week
*~~^
little
by little
76
GREGG SHORTHAND
86. The
word
to is
omitted
after
the
words
able,
ac
cording, glad,
like,
order,
please,
relative, respect,
able to
wish.
say
to the
(A
in
reference matter
to the
^-fS
in in
respect
to
see
to the
-
"
regret
to say
cu,
-^
in
reference
to the
-,
wish
to say
?
the
87. its
Any
unimportant word
may be
omitted where
grammatical construction of
the
restoration when
transcribing.
<"
in the
world
some of
them
here
and
there
<=
week or two
son-in-law
General Exercise
to
see
as near as
to ship to
which
as
low
as
/
A
^^
as soon as
to
reach
you
to
like
represent
there
to
T
^
what
to
sell
had been
ELEVENTH
LESSON
77
will not
be able
not
day or two
have you
able
been
/ had been
X if
<<
<A<
in
day or two
your
in reply to
ought
to
receive
out of
the
question
c^~)
not
know
know
<T
r~
in
a week or
two
do
not
to-day
or
to
morrow
I do
not
like
A^
some of
those
I don't
there
see
by
--^f
the way
was not
hand in hand
that
s*-
days
ago
is to say
X?
ten
days
a
ago
for
few days
u
c
form
of government
1 hope to hear I if
am
one of our
sorry to say
any
one or
two
you want
A
X~
//
<&
-n
one of the
best
particulars work
of the
ought to
be
ought
to have
side
by
side
more or
less
most
on
the question
one of
the
GREGG SHORTHAND
Dear Sirs
Dear Mr.
Very
respectfully
yours
t.
Cordially
My
dear Sir
-^~~
Yours sincerely
Yours very
cerely
sin
am
in
receipt
We I
are
in
receipt
=2-
am
in
receipt of
-*<=?
Very
sincerely
your
favor in
receipt of
Very sincerely
yours
/^
s>^
We
are
^
<f
your
favor
receipt of
Sincerely
yours
am
in
your
letter
Reading Exercise
cA.z
X-*
!2-
ELEVENTH LESSON
79
jsg^-^
f-r
fT>
f--
"JZ/
~7
Writing Exercise
l
your
letter
of
May
10 that
you are
few
to
months ago.
You
will
they
for them
be
canceled.
We
are glad
know
that
cour
tesy in accepting
)ur
their return.
When
ready to
you need
serve yoi\
anything
more
in
line,
you will
find
us ever
Very
sincerely yours,
(77)
letter asking
more our
us
your newspaper.
Our advertising
plans
for the
next
few
months
to take any
newspaper
space
at
this time.
you will
bring
this matter to
able to
attention again
in
about
three
months,
we
may be
arrange
for
full
page
in the
holiday
. .
issue to
Very
cordially yours,
("">
1 4M
TWELFTH
LESSON
Omission
of
Vowels
a pure
88. When
come
two
vowels not
forming
diphthong
together, the minor or unaccented vowel may be omitted, and for convenience in writing many words the
circle
may be
omitted
in the
diphthong
royal
u.
deity
ratio
radius
-A
due
tune
89. In the
body
come
sun
round
found
rung
sunk
pungent
A
Notes:
(a) The
short
is
it
occurs
Straight strokes,
asinnuK,
numb.
(b) The
omission of ow
straight strokes
"iog"
by
the
or
broken line,
in renown,
announce.
80
TWELFTH
LESSON
81
prefixes
90. The
vowel
is
omitted
in
the
be, de,
re,
dis,
mis.
beneath
depend
revise
distance
6
misgivings
begun
debar
disease
ft
Notes:
(a) The
is
vowel
is
retained when
de
precedes
K, G,
as
in decay, degrade*
retained when re
precedes
K, G, R,
redound
91. The
vowel
is
omitted
and
in the
termination age.
permit
pursuit
profound
profess
f
manage message
5>
cartage
X
bondage
T
Note: When pro
Procrastinate
occufs
it is
more
convenient
as
character or K as in protest. insert the vowel; when per occurs before in perturb, pertain. Perdition the reversing principle
an upward
before
to
R.
92. The
followed
rush
vowels
m,
oo
are omitted
after
or
when
by Sh, Ch,
J.
solution
flush
<L^fT
drudge
*-f
82
GREGG SHORTHAND
93. The
vowel
is
omitted
in the
terminations
tition,
mation.
addition
station
gradation
stagnation
formation
General Principles
94. While
very large
the
omission of vowels
in
general
is left to
extent
to the judgment
of
the writer,
the
two
reverse
attract
eager
rnilf
L,
vowel
is
often
omitted
between T, D, R,
stop
drop
Dublin
adoption
<^
ff
TWELFTH LESSON
83
(c)
a
circle vowel
is
between
P, B,
bad
and
horizontal
pity
or upward
rapid
Omission
of
Consonants
or
95. D is
admit
omitted when
it immediately precedes M
adverb advocate
V.
administer
Note:
vowel
In the
words
may be
omitted.
This
enables
the writer to
form
I admire,
we admire,
to advise, I advise,
we
or
D is
omitted
at
fact
best
detect
mind
jdefect
X
insist
-r resist
desist
AX
97. The
end of
old
-,
combination
Id is
expressed
by
raising the
Arnold
L.
field
killed
building
oewilder
golden
Reynolds
84
GREGG
SHORTHAND
General Exercise
arduous
astound
genius
redound
genuine
moun-
tainous
astute
9^
surmount
C-
musician
renounce
virtue
announce
theory
museum
legion
rejoice
harmo
nious
ceremo repent
~5-~
j
,
nious
fun
respond
~-~r
TWELFTH
LESSON
8o
feature
venture
GREGG SHORTHAND
A-
extenuation
9""'
evident
>attest
A A
exact
J-*
event
attestation
contact
eventual
adventure
JT
-
detest
A^
consist
detestation
past
persist
failure
error
_-
demand
hardest deduct
resident
bold
child
cA^
serious
C-r-
previous
tuition
X?
Leopold
president
<^-
folder
98. The
following
words
coming
under
the
of
rules given
in this lesson
illustrations
the Abbre
viating Principle.
disagree
ment
disappoint
ment
resPns-ible
and
their
derivatives, it is found
convenient to
d for dis.
TWELFTH
LESSON
S7
Reading Exercise
Writing Exercise
1. The theory was advanced that a solution of the bewildering mystery could be found only by following up every clue.
2. A
special
meeting
was announced
for the
of
purpose of
discussing
the formation
of a
foundry. 3. 4.
Much damage
was
through
rough
handling and
Silence
the details
is
a virtue.
The
of an
repetition of an
remark
has
often caused
the
failure
The
manager
soon
found there
expedition.
were
profound
misgivings
the outcome of
the
THIRTEENTH LESSON
Joined Prefixes
99. Most
to the
purpose of
of
the
joined
prefixes are
already familiar
this time to
student.
They
for the
furnishing
practice
eliminate
hesitation in using
them
in
aw
actual work.
1 00. Al,
almost
expressed
also
by
and
Ul, by
(ult.)
u.
ulcer
ultimo
-2_-
Cog,
expressed
counsel
by
k.
cognomen
^
Notes:
?
or
(a) Before t
d the
prefix
form may
express can.
cantaloupe
candidate
candor
candle
Com
or
Con is followed
by
a vowel or
by
r or
/,
write
km for
com and
comedy
comrade
Conroy
THIRTEENTH LESSON
89
n.
expressed
by
m;
and
imprint
enjoin
I
103. (a)
used
7
un are
The
prefix
only
when a
forms for em, im, en, in, consonant follows the prefix.
When
a vowel
written.
vowel
is
innate
~~6
inner
~-
inept
r
imagine
enact
unequal
inaccessible
(b)
the
Negative from
words
beginning
with
im,
the
un
are
dis
of
tinguished
the positive
forms
by
insertion
initial
vowel.
Positive
mortal
modest
known
necessary
Negative
immortal
immodest
unknown
unnecessary
104. Ex,
exceed
expressed
expel
by
es
; Aux
and
Ox, by
os.
auxiliary
oxygen
90
GREGG SHORTHAND
expressed
by/.
forearm
foresight
furnish
>->
Note: When For
to
or as
character close
J
it,
/,
as
A
page 92.
Fore is followed by a vowel, disjoin / and write the next in forearm. When For or Fore is followed by r or lt iorm
an angle after
in forerunner, furlong,
106. Sub,
subdue
expressed
by
s.
submit
substance
f~
subpoena
A,
Notes:
express sub.
*
or a
hook,
subjoin
subway
subordinate
L
(b)
When Sub is followed by is
written close
a
2
circle
vowel,
is
disjoined
and the
next
character
to
it.
subagent
subhead
subequal
;
General Exercise
almanac
=
e*-^
ulster
pr
although
=>*"
compel
ulterior
ultimate
comprehend
-p>
ultimatum
combine
/*
THIRTEENTH
LESSON
91
commence
convene
commission
consul
commotion
conscious
commutation
cognate
comity
comatose
embrace
emperor
conceit
impartial
-A
contest
concur
concussion
conditionally
confirm
-*
consign
engine
confound
encourage
consolation
ensign
consolidation
enchant
consternation
conduce
consummate
7 7
convince
92
unkind
GREGG SHORTHAND
tj
fortune
uncouth
unlearned
emerge
emotion
inhabit immersion
inaction
uneasy
unnoticed
expert
excess
exaggerate
excite
excursion
exhaust
explosion
c*
exhibit
oxalic
oxidize
THIRTEENTH LESSON
93
107. Two
form
may be joined to
may be formed
compounds.
A few
or non
compounds
by
mis,
to the
prefix
forms:
inexpedient*
unconquerable
inexplicable*
unaccounted*
excommunicate
incognito
inconvenient inconsistent
disconcert
incandescent
unimpaired*
uninitiated*
discontinue
inexpensive*
preconcerted
insubordinate
misconduct
inform
recompense conform reconcile
comfort recognize
unfortunate
recommend
unforeseen
noncontent
encompass subconscious
o
with a compound
The initial
prefix.
vowel
is
not required
because the
word
begins
94
GREGG SHORTHAND
Prefixal Abbreviations
108. The
rules given
following
and
are
useful
abbreviations
under
in this
in
previous
lessons :
accomplish
A
A^
economy
effort
afford
enable*
already
unable*
altogether
<f
command
energy
pxrpl
r
t
commerce
excei-lence
except
lent
commercial
committee
exchange
communicat-fon
compare
exercise
expect
complete
explain
conclude
express
conclusion
force
confiden-e
congress
indeed
independen-J
individual
subject 109.
--A
connect
J,
country
*See
suffix able, page
THIRTEENTH
LESSON
95
Reading Exercise
->
7-
9-
Writing Exercise
1. 2.
means
"The
It
little
note
what
nor
long
remember what we
here."
say
here, but it
forget
they did
needs no prophet
live up
to their
without
pecuniary
in life
3.
To the
profit of
the
price paid
by
the
ultimate purchaser.
FOURTEENTH LESSON
The
TR
Principle
are
109. Certain
tr
and
a
prefixes or
vowel. close
letters The
disjoined to is
of
express above
following
and
prefix
placed
the line
very
the
to the
remainder
the word,
which rests on
line
of writing.
Contr-
contract
counteract
(or counter)
Constrconstruct constraint
ExtrExcl-
extract
exclamation
(or exter)
Intr-
intricate
-~&
intellect
(or
Instr-
Retr-
Restr-
Detr-
Distr-
Electr-
(or electric)
Alter
Ultra
FOURTEENTH
CentrJ
LESSON
97
Later
Letter, Liter
Matr-
(or mater)
Metr-
Nitr-
Nutr-
Patr-
(or pater)
Petr-
f
<r-
(or peter)
Austr-,
Note:
omitted:
ostr-
This
principle
may be
extended
to
abstr-, etc.,
obslr-, the 5
being
r
contraction
obstruct
obstreperous
1/
General Exercise
contravene
control
contrivance
contribute
counterfeit
7
"7 ? )
contradict
countermand
contraband
construction
contrary
contrast
extravagant
extremely
98
extradition
GREGG
SHORTHAND
retrieve
extraneous
retrospect
7
-7
extraordinary
retraction
external
retribution
exclude
restrain
exclusive
restriction
internal interest
introduce intervene intelligent intelligence
deterioration
distraction
distress
f>
>"
distrust
CA
electricity
electrician
entertain
electrotype
enterprise
electric
light
international
alteration
interpret
alternation
intersect
interrupt
centrifugal
literature
interview
instruction
liturgy
letterpress
FOURTEENTH
LESSON
99
maternal
A
pattern
f-
metropolita n
6
patron
c
nitric
petroleum
{_
"C-. o
nutriment
Austria
ostrich
patrician
useful
compounds
are
obtained
by
joining
simple
in, dis,
re, non, to
disjoined
prefixes.
uncontradicted
unconstrained
uncontrolled
inextricable
uninteresting
reconstruction
~A~
incontrovertible
unrestrained
redistribution
misinterpret
disinterested
uninterrupted
illiterate
eccentric
unintelligent
Aj
concentration
unintellectual
nonintervention
indestructible
immaterial
unalterable
compatriot
100
GREGG SHORTHAND
111. In
as
or
forming
ive.
the
derivatives
omitted
of words
ending in ct,
contract, it is
not
or, er,
The t is
in the
and also
primitive
form
(under the
rule given
in Par. 96),
its derivatives.
contracted
contractor
contractive
constructed
constructor
constructive
instructed
'instructor
instructive
extracted
Reading Exercise
FOURTEENTH
LESSON
101
/ A
Writing Exercise
1.
of
The
enterprise
is international in its
appeal
and
should
be
people of president
every land.
countersigned
the
for
new
electric
motors
to equip
all
the
high
power
machines.
3. 4.
We do
not
interpret the
their
contract
as
permitting
our
cus
tomers to
countermand
orders.
will
not
intervene to
restrict
the
working
the new
trust
extradition
laws.
a
5.
The
will
contribute
of
literature
on
construction of
regard
ing
restraint of
FIFTEENTH LESSON
Disjoined
Prefixes continued
112. Aggra-e-i,
circle a.
aggravate
expressed
by loop
a;
and
Anta-e-i, by
antipathy
aggregate
antagonist
Jl
113. Incli-e-u,
incline
<?
<?
f
circle).
expressed
by
(small
include
inclemency
inclusive
114. Decla-i,
declare
expressed
by de;
and
Recla-i.
by
re.
decline
reclaim
recline
Note:
On
account of
the
distinctive
character of
the
form, Decla-i
may be
expressed without
disjoining;
thus
declare
decline
declaration
declaim
115. Hydra-o,
hydrant
expressed
by
(diphthong I ).
hydropathy
hydrophobia
hydraulic
102
FIFTEENTH
LESSON
103
m;
and
expressed
by
Multi,
magnificent
McDonagh
multiform
required
between Mc
and
Mac,
write
the stroke
117. Over,
overdue
expressed
by
o;
and
Under, by
u.
underneath
overthrow
understand
118. Para,
expressed
by p;
and
Post, by p (on
postal
the
line,
close
to the
next character).
parallel
parasite
postman
expressed
by
self-esteem
circulation
expressed
by
("comma S").
supervise
supreme
superficial
^
121. Short
shorthand
X
or
Ship,
expressed
by sh;
and
Trans, by
translation
/.
shipwreck
transaction
*0
104
GREGG SHORTHAND
expressed
by
ses.
suspect
susceptible
'
rr
General Exercise
0)
aggrieve
hydrogen
0
aggregation agriculture
hydrocarbon
magnet
7-r
~~A
aggression
magnesia
aggressive
magnify
XT
A^
<*
antidote
McKenzie Macintosh
McDougall
anticipate
?
f
Of.
f^
antecedent
antediluvian
multitude
=.
antithesis
S
fA
multiply
overtake
f
"y
declamation
declined
reclined
overbalance
'C
ff
overcharge
/
C
inclined
inclination
-7
overlook
overcome
s
inclusion
overestimate
FIFTEENTH
underscore
LESSON
circumstance
105
undertake
superabundant
underwrite
supercilious
undercurrent
superfine
A
j
paramount
supremacy
superfluous
paraphrase
paragraph
superior
paradise
XA
superintend
paragon
r_
suppress
parapet
superb
postage
shortcomings
postpone
i
A
A
f
shipshape
t6
post-office
suspension
postal card
suspend
Sf
'
self-evident
transfer
. .
9
'
self-conscious
transition
self-sufficient
transitory
transformation
self-improvement
^-7
ff
circular
transcend
circumference
transport
cA
106
gregg shorthand
~A <C
untransferable
-f\,
untransparent
self-control
*TL_-^
untranslatable
Af^
self-contradiction
^f
"J-
disinclination
self-interest
-fy
unsuspected
'-f
unsuspicious
~T,
~Z^~~
unselfish
unsusceptible
unparalleled
-L
electromagnet
'
123. The
expressed mis placed
and
misunderstood are
under
by
on
and
stood
placed
mis,
with
the
line
of writing.
This is
extended to
a
by
pronoun,
form.
'
misunderstand
,-__
I do I
not understand
tfA^
misunderstood
cannot understand
<^"~1-^
we understood
thoroughly
understood
_->
124. The
center, the
prefixal
words
deter,
the
by
forms
placed over
next word.
extra
discount into
Zf
^f^
center rail
enter
counterclaim
under
any
construe
the
6hort
time
Senator Cummings
Reading Exercise
r<=>
>^
A
~
y
<f
-aa
5>
cX
r-O
^7
/?
108
GREGG SHORTHAND
</*-
Writing 1. lead
2.
.Exercise
Self-knowledge,
men
self-reverence, self-control,
these
three alone
to supreme power.
was our
Emerson.
It
MacChesney
was
to-
transplanting of magnolia trees for the next issue of the Agricultural Review. 3. The extra discount allowed on the bill for goods purchased
at the regular counter was not
which we agree
according to the
new
contract
in
amounting to
without
more
than
$200.
circulation of account
4.
The
the
magazine
is
over
fifty thousand
taking into
5.
It
was self-evident
that
.coal
would
be
recognized as a contra
band
6.
of war.
There This
was
general
suspicion
that
his
antagonist
was
man of great
intelligence
and
and magnetism.
7.
system of shorthand
quated
methods,
superior
to any of
is the Very antithesis of the anti it is easy to demonstrate that it is vastly them because there is a superabundance of evi
SIXTEENTH LESSON
Joined Suffixes
expressed
by b;
and
Pie, by p.
ample
audible
noble
126. Cribe,
describe
y^-
expressed
by kr;
and
Cription, by kr-shun.
prescription
description
f^
prescribe
Q^
by ft;
and
Q^
Flectioiv,
127.
expressed
affliction
reflect
reflection
?
128. Ful,
and
*-*
expressed n.
artless
t_
-z~,
m;
by /; Less, by /; Ment, by
amusement
Ness, by
thoughtful
lateness
Notes:
write
(a) When
full.
ment
is
preceded
by
vowel, it is
generally advisable to
the word in
cement
raiment
lament
foment
109
110
GREGG SHORTHAND
(b) Where the root word is abbreviated to one character, ness is written in full, as in the word goodness, which is written g-n-e-s. If the primitive word, although a word-sign, is more fully suggested, the suffix form is used.
fullness
littleness
gladness
friendless
I
(c)
An
angle
is formed in
word.
joining
ness where
the
the form
of a
different
madness
lowness
harden
madden
loan
expressed and
Putation, by
imposition
imputation
T
130. Pire,
aspire
T
by pi;
and
T
respire
expressed
Quire, by ki.
inspire
conspire
z
acquire
7
require
1
esquire
inquire
131. Quest,
request
expressed
conquest
by kes;
and
Quisite, by kest.
exquisite
requisite
SIXTEENTH LESSON
111
ses.
ourselves
132. Self,
himself
expressed
by
; and
Selves, by
yourself
themselves
133. Suit,
result
expressed
by
su;
and
Sume, by
sm.
resume
insult
-z
expressed
measure
assume
*-&
"-^
134. Sure,
assure
by
shu;
and
Jure, by ju.
perjure
injure
*3
7
135. Tion, Sion (shun) ; Tient, Cient, by Ciency, by shun-si.
passion patient ancient
f
shun-t
and
efficiency
/
136. Worth,
Harmsworth
/
expressed
f
by
uth
and
Worthy, by
thi.
Ainsworth
praiseworthy
trustworthy
General Exercise
suitable
eatable
peaceable
horrible
salable
irritable
payable
r
T
humble
112
GREGG SHORTHAND
simple
transcribe
transcription
inscribe
inscription
conflict
confliction
inflict
infliction handful
bashful
useful
watchful
wonderful
successful
aimless
fearless homeless
breathless
thoughtless
SIXTEENTH LESSON
wireless
113
moment
defacement
ornament
Q-
augment
achievement
appointment
experiment
investment
comment
bareness
rudeness
fairness
slowness
A^
expose
exposition
suppose
supposition
oppose
opposition
114
yourselves
GREGG SHORTHAND
conjure
consult
efficient
desultory
consume
f^
deficient
deficiency
proficient
leisure
treasure
proficiency
censure
Ellsworth
pressure
blameworthy
noteworthy
adjure
Joined Suffixes
feebleness hopefulness
thoughtfulness
fearlessness
breathlessness hopelessness
playfulness
carefulness
hopefully
thoughtfully
playfully
fashionable
missionary
consultation
heedlessness
thoughtlessness
SIXTEENTH LESSON
115
indescribable
measurable
immeasurable
requirement
acquirement
Reading Exercise
f~
rf
?
c^>
<A-
x-
cJ>^
-y
116
GREGG SHORTHAND
/- /- A
Writing Exercise
1.
His reading
The
the truth
of
was
desultory
is
report
and
2.
achievement
so remarkable
it is
almost
incredible,
reliable
but
3.
the
is
vouched
for
by
several
people.
After
careful
additional
loans
would
to undertake
with
investigation they came to a decision that the be too large an investment for the company the capital at its disposal at that time.
4.
The
legible, but
of neatness
the transcription
is
not
acceptable
because
of
the lack
in the
work.
5.
The missionary
underwent
indescribable
torture
with
fearlessness which evoked the admiration of the savages. 6. The contribution is praiseworthy for its direct treatment of the subject, but it is not suitable for use in our publication and we
are
therefore returning it to
you.
SEVENTEENTH LESSON
Disjoined Suffixes
137. Ingly, expressed by ly, placed in the ing position ; Ington, expressed by ton, placed in the ing position; Ingham, expressed by m, placed in the ing position.
knowingly
Washington
Kensington
Dillingham
138. Bility, expressed by b; Ification, by /; Gram, Grim, by g; Mental, Mentality, by m; Ship, by sh.
ability
feasibility
specification
monogram
experimental
fundamental
partnership
ownership
A
Notes:
clearly shows that
modification
^
may be
(a) After / is
/ and
d, ification
joined,
as
the
absence of
the blend
a suffix sign.
notification
edification
-A
fX
^y
authorship
(b)
In many
words
friendship
hardship
4
117
118
GREGG SHORTHAND
139. Hood
childhood
or
Ward,
expressed
by d.
downward
likelihood
homeward
Note:
In many
words ward
may
be joined.
towards
forward A^
afterwards
A^
expressed
by k.
chronicle
medical
classical
141. Itis,
expressed
by
ts.
peritonitis
appendicitis
meningitis
tonsillitis
(XXfA
142. Ulate,
the
other
A^c
expressed
by
u.
In
forming derivatives,
insulator
letters
are added.
modulated
modulate
insulate
~A^
insulation formulate
emulate
emulative
Note:
Safety.
In
with perfect
speculated
speculation
speculator
speculative
119
z X
legibility desirability
affability
qualification
f
AX
y
f
gratification
"longingly
exceedingly
grudgingly
signification
classification
y
mortification
Millington
Farmington Warrington
indemnification
identification
certification
<7
Wellington Harrington
Rockingham Cunningham
plausibility
lettergram
<2-^
phraseogram
<A-
epigram
CA
cablegram
pilgrim
120
anagram
GREGG SHORTHAND
livelihood knighthood
statehood
<=p^
.,
<jy
sentimental
ornamental
=-ct__
monumental
:T2
onward
^^
clerkship
apprenticeship
upward
<5^
northward
airship
southward
township
steamship
eastward
westward
tdnship
warship worship
womanhood
awkward
reward
<y~
article
clerical
manhood
physical
girlhood
psychical
boyhood hardihood
motherhood
musical
icicle
radical
brotherhood
neighborhood
technical
cuticle
SEVENTEENTH LESSON
ethical
I2i
manipulation
magical
populated
nautical
articulate
bicycle
periodical
articulation
f^
inarticulate formulated
adulation
gastritis
stimulate
'X
stimulated
expostulate
stipulate
regulate
stipulation
matriculate
cumulative
perambulate
manipulate
speculate
Reading Exercise
jy-
J
fc^
Z>
cf
J-
J>
122
GREGG SHORTHAND
Writing Exercise
1.
to
The
an
classification and
identification
of
be
2.
If
have
for
qualifications,
the
work
we can
easily
arrange
the
3. 4. 5.
to
The An
technical nature
the
matter
makes
of
the
medical reporter
very difficult.
in
a recent
issue
of
the periodical.
Every
her
girl,
own
womanhood,
should
be
prepared of
earn
livelihood
upon to
even so.
though there
is
no
likelihood
her
6.
being
called
do
matriculate
in the
fication
7.
the
co-partnership
were
drawn up according to
of
specifications.
8.
The law
stipulated
ownership
should
be
published
every
six months.
EIGHTEENTH LESSON
143.
-Rity,
-Lity,
-City,
-Vity,
-Nity,
-Mity,
with 01
ml.
without a
preceding vowel,
expressed
by
r,
I,
s, v, nt,
respectively.
124
Note: In before the
words
GREGG SHORTHAND
ending
with
ernily, the
reversed
circle
is
used to express
er
suffix sign:
fraternity
AA
144.
-Stic,
ff
^y
with
by
st.
elastic
domestic
atheistic
cf>
ff
145.
-TiCj
with
preceding
vowel,
expressed
by
large circle; -Tical, with a preceding vowel, expressed by a loop. In forming derivatives, the other letters are added,
politic politics
energetic
energetically
9
systematic
hypnotic
systematical
systematically
A
Note:
i?
may be joined.
grammatical
{?
automatical
In many
cases the
loop
political
theoretical
-^ 146.
preceding vowel, expressed by derivatives, the other letters are added.
with
-Ntic,
n.
In
forming
gigantic
authentic
frantic
frantically
f-
EIGHTEENTH
LESSON
12S
over
147. Egraph, Igraph, expressed by small circle placed the last character. A loop expresses egraphy, igraphy.
In
forming derivatives,
telegraph
the
other
letters
calligraph
telegraphy
the
o.
In
forming
derivatives.
photograph
phonograph
fc
Aclithographic
Jtypography
lithography
lithographer
Note:
In
photography
stenography
phonographer
A
149.
pressed e
-Logy, -Logical,
A.
with
preceding
ol).
vowel,
ex
by
(on its
express
side, as
in writing
to
The letter
-logist, n
is
added
to
-logically, s
express
to
express
-logian.
analogy
genealogically
geologist
pathologist
theology
/
theologically
/
theologist
theologian
126
GREGG SHORTHAND
General Exercise
singularity
=-<-,
technicality
vitality
solidarity
hilarity
regularity
mortality
morality
familiarity
~V
fidelity docility
versatility
sincerity
temerity
priority
facility futility
y
garrulity
minority
authority
futurity
security
f~
incredulity
capacity
77
alacrity
mendacity
integrity
reality
veracity
loquacity
complicity
nationality
rascality
publicity
punctuality
elasticity
criminality
passivity
EIGHTEENTH LESSON
romantically
12?
Atlantic
calligraphy
telegraphic
photographic
photographer
phonography
stenographic
autographed
biography
mimeograph
geography
geographical
hectograph
physiological
physiologically
psychological
biology
ornithology
romantic
chronological
128
GREGG SHORTHAND
doxology
tautology
analogically
y*%
^f
entomologist
phrenologist
La
^r_
mythology
Co
fc.
entomology
philology
Reading Exercise
x^y
S>
~9
A
cf^
A>
A^
?
A
r
"V
EIGHTEENTH LESSON
129
cX
y~^
_^
ff
f^
^y
Writing Exercise
'.
2.
The importance
of
punctuality
and
veracity
to
cannot
be
over
estimated.
Tenacity
of
purpose
and
fidelity
copy
of
the
interests
of
the
business
3.
sure
led to his in
rapid advancement.
In making The
a mimeographed
chronological
4. 5.
raphy.
of
biology
sent
me
an
copy
of
is
an aid to
the
student of
phonog
raphy
In the capacity of athletic director the instructor of stenog showed great business ability. 7. We do not question his veracity, but it is necessary for him to go through the formality of filing a bond for security. 8. The stenographer should have a thorough familiarity with the spelling of important geographical names.
6.
NINETEENTH LESSON
150. Omission
of words should
of
Words.
The We
rules
for the
omission
in
phrase
writing
are of great
importance,
few
and
be carefully illustrations.
order
studied.
now give a
more
to
judge
~~^/
^or t^le I
time
t>emg
to
in
in
order to prepare
would
like
cf(y
I
know
would
order
to
see
like
to
have
-?-
on
the subject
am of
the opinion ^
question of
time
sooner or
later
little little
or no
thanking
do
you
for '^T^y
"
your attention or
nothing
you
mean
to
in the in
matter
say
the market
in
such a manner
on the market
on
account
of
the
way
^P
up to the time
some
time
or other
130
NINETEENTH LESSON
131
as
151. Intersection.
section,
or
The for
expedient
known
inter
the writing
useful
through another,
is
his
or
sometimes
phrases.
In applying
writer must
rely very
work
largely
upon
judgment.
which
In his
daily
as stenographer
reporter,
ness
in
he may find some terms peculiar to the busi he is engaged occurring so frequently
that
special
forms may be
adopted
for them
which will
often
be brief
the
and yet
absolutely distinctive.
through
Very
the
intersection
of one character
exigency.
The
following
ff^
A. D.
Democratic party
-&
A. M.
P. M.
C O. D.
price
^&y
party
list
if-
(B.&O.)
list
price
/^-r'
selling
price
market price
Illinois Central
Union Pacific
Chamber of Commerce
Board
of
Trade
Canadian Pacific
Northern Pacific Grand Trunk
Board of Education
Board
of
Managers
132
General Manager
GREGG SHORTHAND
inclosed blank
application
~A
blank
(XLy
policy
~f
order
blank
indemnity
bank draft
vice versa
policy
Great Britain
bond
and mortgage
Associated Press
'
Ing-the, ing-that, ing-you, ing-your, ing-his, ing-their, ing-and, ing-this, ing-us, is expressed by writing, the word following ing in the ing position just as ington is expressed by writing ton in the ing position.
of
152. Indication
"ing.''
doing
the
the
their
this
*f)
their
and
this
^f>
having
having
the
giving the
giving their
their
having
coming
your
giving giving
you
and
us
seeing this
wishing that
A
A
mailing
you
NINETEENTH LESSON
133
153. Modification
of
Word Forms.
As previously
to
are useful
The
following
illus
trations :
Week
past week
Possible
as soon as possible
last
this
week
as near as possible
week
least
possible
delay
next week
Early
at
for the
week
past
as
early
date
as
possible at
week
your
early
conven
ience
at your earliest conven
week
ience
next week at
your
earliest
pos
sible convenience
Few
Sorry
I I
am
for
few
weeks
sorry to hear
sorry to learn sorry to hear
sorry to
report
months
am
weeks ago
we are
few hours
ago
we are
we are
Ago
year or
sorry to say
two ago
am
very sorry
many
years ago
you will
be sorry
134
Esteemed
esteemed
.GREGG
SHORTHAND
favor
youresteemedfavor cf
esteemed
letter
by same mail by
early
mail
your esteemed
let
ter
i.
am
in
receipt of
your
esteemed
Course
of course
c'
letter
am
in
receipt of
your esteemed
favor
we are
AX
of course
it is
in
receipt of
your
esteemed
favor
we are
^^^~~A
as a matter of course
in receipt
of
your
esteemed
Fact
as a matter of
letter
fact
2-^?
Beg
I
call
your attention
beg beg
to
acknowl-
A-^
to the
fact
edge receipt
in
point of
fact
of
to
inclose
;
A
the
you
are
aware
the fact
am
aware of
we
<y>
fact
well-known
edge we
acknowl-
fact
edge receipt
A--~
be
sure
Sure
by this mail
by to-day't mail
to be sure
you
may be
sure
NINETEENTH LESSON
135
we are sure
2/
Account
on account of that
you will
be sure
Please
please
on account of
this
find inclosed
please
A^-^
on account of
my
the
inclosed
please
find
on account
of
fact
Thank
^A
would
thanking
you
for
we will
pleased
thanking thanking
your
you
for for
your attention
Present
present
you
kind
atten
1^
time
tion
thanking
at the present time at the present
moment your
you
for
favor
I desire to
you
thank
on the present
occasion
C-^
I have for
to thank you
Class
Order
your order
first-class first-class
manner
we
have
your order
first-class condition
Again
over and over again
thanking
you
for
your order
7^
City
city city
of
Chicago
Boston
of
136
Department
GREGG SHORTHAND
Company
l~~A'
treasury
ment war
depart-
and
company company
department
railroad
navy department
post-office
~~f
express
company
depart
insurance company
transportation
ment
state
-y~>
department department
company
telephone
XA.
^
police
company
-y
.
fire department
legal department
electric
company
>
electrical
company
--^_
inquiry department
credit
-~9
trust company
-^~ff
department
shoe
department
depart-
furniture
ment
">-
purchasing
ment
depart-
^
depart
shipping depart
ment
mail order
ment
Avenue
Holder
^j
'O
stockholder
shareholder
Massachusetts Avenue
'O
policyholder
NINETEENTH LESSON
13";
Reading Exercise
138
GREGG SHORTHAND
<
f
<-f
J
-^
Writing Exercise
1.
requested we are sending you a copy of our list giving illustrations and full descriptions of all the articles now handle. If you are in the market for anything in our line should like to have our representative call on you with samples.
Gentlemen:
As
price we
we
Thanking
your
you
for the
inquiry
,7
and
,
hoping
yours,
to
be favored
with ,,-A\
order,
we are
Very truly
\P)
2.
Dear Sir:
city.
with
A few days
to
are
furnish
in this
We
sorry to
report
business
about
us and
that therefore
again
letter from you in information about a firm that this firm has never done we have no data in our files
that these people are
affairs are
we
it.
We have heard
and again as
doing
we
a good
business
at
and so
far
know their We
in
first-class
regret to state
that
cannot
(99)
has just been
the exception
with
3.
of
Gentlemen:
This
Thank
you
for the
of
order
which
received.
order will
be filled
our
immediately
ship for
a
the second
item.
As be
supply
this article
exhausted we shall
unable to
will
that
Assuring you
times,
we are
Very
respectfully yours,
(78)
243
TWENTIETH LESSON
Initials
A
B
H
<-
0
CO
Cs
V w
X
7
<^
X
sO
c
D
J
K
a
7
-^
^g.
Q
R
-?
j
Y
Z
0
"v
E
F G
S
T
.
X
^ .,
M
N
s*
if
154. It
context
should
be borne in
mind
that there is
no
to
initials.
in longhand, be
effected
and
if this is done
by
writing them in
letters
and
joining
the
letters,
A. B. Smith
y
&*-'
4.
<U
C\
139
140
GREGG SHORTHAND
those
adopted
by
the
Post-Office
Department.)
TWENTIETH LESSON
141
Principal Cities
(Arranged in
order of
Jersey City
Kansas
City
x=, f~~
_-^7
Cincinnati
J-^
">
Syracuse
New Haven Birmingham
Los Angeles
Minneapolis
142
GREGG SHORTHAND
erally be
as
155. The terminations burg, ville, field, port may gen expressed by the first letter, joined or disjoined
convenient;
and
ford, by fd.
Williamsport
-"r
Oxford Rockford
A-
X
7
156. A
and clear
Hanford Milford
<=?f
distinction
should
be
made
between ton
Johnston
CharlestowD
y
157. The joined.
names
of cities and
states
may
often
be
Buffalo,
N. Y.
Detroit, Mich.
Rochester, N. Y.
St.
Baltimore,
Md.
Louis, Mo.
Chicago, Denver,
111.
Minneapolis, Minn
St. Paul, Minn.
Colo.
Memphis, Tenn.
-7sf
Omaha, Nebr.
""";?
TWENTIETH
LESSOR
143
the
name of a
158. When
state,
omit
the
words
"State
of"
precede
convenient.
State
State State
of
New York
Massachusetts
of
Nebraska Illinois
f/
>-*
State State
of
Pennsylvania Louisiana
of
of
Points of the
Compass, Etc.
159. In
will
certain
lines
of
business the
following
~
forms
be found very
useful.
north
northeast
~f
south
<x
southeast
f
~fy-
east
northwestern
X^~
west
southwestern
northern
northeastern
-j?
f^
southern
southeastern
eastern
northwest quarter
g__
western
southwest quarter
A-
northwest
northeast quarter
southwest
Southeast quarter
144
GREGG SHORTHAND
General Rules
appearance of
allowable
nameless
fable
kill
nail
161. If it
precision <:an
should
with
the
short sound of
curve
be
placed
beneath
the vowel.
onion
writ
minion
immigrate
Note:
a
This
expedient
is
seldom necessary.
words
It is useful, occasionally, to
-writ,
emigrate
make
clear
distinction between
like
return and
minion
and
immigrate,
and
u and iu, as
in
following
of
words
are given
to
illustrate the
the line
placing the
two
circles are
joined.
payee
namely
-e?
daily
f
carry
-o
pie
yS kind
nigh
die
s"
--2>
TWENTIETH LESSON
145
of
163. There
several vowels
are a
in
succession
in
which
it is
and
more convenient
the
letters sep
a
arately,
to
indicate their
connection
by drawing
yahoo
line
underneath.
Lehigh
*&
ayah
ocy
fa
164. In N
and
the termination
omitted.
"n-ment"
the
jog between
refinement
the-
M may be
assignment
consignment
2
discernment
adjournment
atonement
gency, the
N may be
omitted.
contingency
emergency
exigency
urgency
cogency
146
GREGG SHORTHAND
and graceful
by joining S
sive.
expensive
to
without an angle
expansive
offensive
defensive
y
167. The Scotch Welsh 11
may
or
be
expressed
German ch, the Irish gh, and the by a dot over k, g, and I,
Lough
respectively.
Loch
Ach
Llan
168. The
contracted
and
thousand
are employed
only
where
are preceded as
by
numerals, the
several.
word,
few,
many,
Key: Thousands
were
of people visited
the Exposition
and
it was
said
that hundreds
turned
away.
Several hundred
of
came
to the convention.
I have disposed
of a
thousand
copies
the
magazine.
TWENTIETH LESSON
147
Reading Exercise
a
"
y<
-%
-y
-z^
tf^
yt=
c^
A,
y>
<v
-^
^
?j~,
^
f
Writing Exercise
1. 2.
were
States, immigration
correctly
always
greatly
exceeds
out
but
the
returns
3. 4.
state of
Nebraska in this
respect. people
are
daily
many
killed
ness of agents of
companies.
5.
give
payee of this
will
to us and
it
draft, Mr. J. M. Johnstown, is unknown be necessary for him to be identified before we can
him the
money.
The firm positively declined to accept the consignment of oranges from Florida. They claimed that this shipment had been
6.
damaged
as
on account of
the carelessness
as well
by
7.
during
transit.
the manager,
matter
The urgency of the case called for emergency measures and Mr. R. K. Johnson, after an exhaustive study of the decided that the
plan proposed
by
one of
the agents,
Mr. D.
out of
the difficulty.
TWENTIETH LESSON
149
A Short Vocabulary
approval
casual-ly catalog
f
7~
approve
century
church
citizen
civil
civilization
/
^~4>
coincide
comparative
-cX
y
y*
conclusive
congregation
consonant
n~
conspicuous
2;
constant
cordial
corroborate
cosmopolitan
7
z
count
coupon
150
covenant
GREGG SHORTHAND
discover
disproportionate
executive
crucible
f(X
f*"
cultivation
-~-
-7
dissatisfac-
tion
curious
-tp
dividend
151
legislative
yA
inherit
juxtaposition 4
L
laboratory
legislate
legislation
GREGG SHORTHAND
situation
<f
TWENTIETH LESSON
153
Shorthand
as a
(For key,
154.)
X
2-
c
C*y-
~7
A
X
9
-
A-y
j,
h
7
>
cp^-
<
A
-y?
A
j
9
c
-
>Ay
A?~
02>
Gf
154
GREGG SHORTHAND
CULTURE
(Key
to Shorthand Plate
on page
153)
With books
and and of
shorthand
every
person
may form
own
his
own
reference
according to
printed
his
requirements,
printed
that
no
in the
same space as
of
though
they were
person
selection
books
such
would
contain who
and will
only
contain what
he be
wanted.
Any
collect
only for
brief time
useful
facts into
shorthand
as appear
over again
likely
is
so
to
what
collected,
will
and
again
recurring in future
will
come
If this
selecting be continued, it
that every
newspaper so-called
to
be
recognized
and
or new
magazine
article,
not
a or
few less
of
the
books,
are
but
of
more
ingeniously
be
contrived
patch-work
old
ideas,
though them to
doubtless the
original
writer
in many
cases
believed
in know
and
the
ing
our
ideas
whatever
from words, and will recognize them in dress they may be presented, just as we know
apart
friends
by
their
may be
attired.
For
ideas,
as seen
felt in
tions of a
few
originals.-
C. R. Needham.
SOME
GREGG
subject
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