ANSYS - Structural Analysis/FEA 2D truss with inclined support and support settlement

Problem: Analyze the 2D truss as shown below. All the members have cross-sectional area of 5000 mm2 and are made of steel with Youngs modulus 210000 MPa. The settlement at support B is 10 mm. The roller at C is on a floor 45 from horizontal direction. (a) (b) If the applied force P is 200 kN, determine the member forces and stresses. Determine the maximum value of P in which the maximum member force does not exceed 600 kN.

2P P P/2
D E

P
F

L = 3000 mm

B = 10 mm L L

C 45

Step 1: Start up & Initial Set up Start ANSYS Set Working Directory Specify Initial job name: 2DTruss Set Preferences: Structural Set the unit system to SI by typing in /units, SI in the command line. Check the output window for the units in SI system. Step 2: Element Type and Real Constants Specify element type: Main Menu > Preprocessor> Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete > Add Pick Link in the left field and 2D Spar 1 in the right field. Click OK. Click Close. Main Menu > Preprocessor > Real Constants > Add/ Edit/ Delete, and click ADD Enter the cross-sectional area as 5000E-6 m2 Click OK. Click Close. Step 3: Material Properties Main Menu > Preprocessor > Material Props > Material Models > Structural > Linear > Elastic > Isotropic Enter the Elastic modulus as 210Ee9 (Pa). Save your work File > Save as Jobname.db Step 4: Modeling Create Keypoints Main Menu > Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Keypoints > In Active CS Enter the keypoint number and coordinates of each keypoint. Click Apply after each input. Click OK when finish. Note that: If the keypoint number is not blank, the program will automatically use the smallest available number (that has not yet been specified) Create Lines from Keypoints Main Menu > Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Lines > Lines >Straight Line
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Select the two keypoints to be joined by the line. Continue the same to construct lines. Step 5: Meshing Main Menu > Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh Tool There will be a Mesh Tool window pop up. In the third section Size Controls >Lines Click Set. Select Pick All. Another window pops up. Enter the number of element divisions (NDIV) as 1. Click OK. In the Mesh Tool pop up (fourth section), Mesh: Lines. Click Mesh. Select Pick All Then close the Mesh Tool window. To see node and element numbering, use: Plot Ctrls >Numbering>Node Numbers and Plot Ctrls >Numbering >Element/Attr Numbering Choose Plot > Elements to see the elements and the nodes Step 6: Specify Boundary Conditions & Loading Main Menu > Preprocessor > Loads > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement > On Nodes Now select point A. Select ALL DOF in the box showing DOF to be constrained. Set Value as 0 Click Apply Select point B. Constrain UY and set displacement value to -10e-3 m. Click OK. Since the roller at point C is 45 from global x axis. We cannot apply the support directly. We need to create a local coordinate system at point C in the orientation of the support. Work Plane > Local Coordinate Systems > Create Local CS > By 3 Nodes Read the instruction at the bottom of ANSYS window. It says Pick or enter 3 nodes: origin, X axis and XY plane. Choose the nodes in that order by clicking node 3, 5and 2, respectively (See figure below). Note that node 5 defines the direction of the x-axis and node 2 defines the xy plane. The direction of y-axis is perpendicular to the x-axis toward node 2.
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After you clicked the 3 nodes, there will be a pop up window asking for Reference number of new CS and its type. The Reference number starts at 11 by default. Choose Cartesian CS. Click OK. Select List > Other > Local Coord Sys. You can see that the Active CS is now CS no. 11 (which is the local CS we just created). CS number 0 to 6 are global CS. Check the origin and orientation of CS 11.

Now we have to rotate the orientation of node 3 from global CS to the local CS Main Menu > Preprocessor > Modeling > Move/Modify > Rotate Node CS > To Active CS Pick node 3. Click OK Next, constrain UX at node 3. Check the orientation of the triangle at node 3 (Plot > MultiPlots). Apply Loading: Main Menu > Preprocessor > Loads > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Force/Moment > On Nodes Now select Node 4 and 6 In the menu that appears, select FY for Direction of force. Enter -200e3 for Force/ moment value. Click Apply. Similarly, you can apply other forces. You can check your applied loads by from the graphic window or List > Load > Forces > On All Nodes Step 7: Solve Main Menu > Solution > Solve > Current LS Click OK Step 8: Post Processing Plot Deformed Shape Main Menu > General Postproc > Plot Results > Deformed Shape Select Deformed+Undeformed Click OK

Animate the Deformation PlotCtrls > Animate > Deformed Shape List Member Forces & Stresses Main Menu > General Postproc > Element Table > Define Element Table > Add > Select By Sequence number in the left list box, and SMISC in the right list box. Type 1 after the comma in the box at the bottom of the window. Click Apply For member stresses, choose By Sequence num> LS, 1 Main Menu > General Postproc > Element Table > List Element Table > Select SMIS1 and LS1 Click OK Now you can see the element forces and the stresses .

List the Deflections and Reaction Forces Main Menu > General Postproc > List Results > Nodal Solution Click DOF Solution and in the sub-list select Displacement vector sum Click OK

Main Menu > General Postproc > List Results > Reaction Solution Select All Items or All Structural Forces Click OK (b) From (a), the maximum member force (consider both from compression and tension) for P equal to 200 kN is 1146.4 kN. Since this is an elastic problem, you can find the maximum P that the member forces do not exceed 600 kN simply by

Pmax = 200 600 = 104.7 kN 1146.4