SQ3R Chapter 10

1. What were the goals of Imperialism and how was each fulfilled? The three main goals of Imperialism were to acquire military strength, new markets, and a belief in cultural superiority. Alfred T. Mahan suggested that the U.S. build a navy capable of competing with the other navies in the world. As new technology was developed, more raw materials were needed, opening up new markets. Americans justified Imperialism by adopting Social Darwinism and the White Mans Burden into their lives. 2. Why were Alaska and Hawaii great for America to possess? William Seward pushed Congress to invest in Alaska in the mid 1800s, but many people thought this was ridiculous. However, after purchasing Alaska from the Russians, Americans soon discovered that there were a lot of resources in Alaska, such as timber and oil. Hawaii was a great land for farming and an ideal location for merchant ships going to or coming from Asia to stop. 3. How did the Cubans carry out their revolt and why? Cuba had been under the rule of Spain for a long time. America was interested in getting Cuba, so they took every chance they could to buy parts of it or to support Cubans in the hope that they would then join the nation. Cuba wanted to be independent, and their motto became Free Cuba!. The Cuban rebels burned all Cuban plantations belonging to the Americans to make a statement and they defeated the Spanish. 4. How did pre-war tension increase between Spain and America? One of the main causes of tension between Spain and America was yellow journalism. Writers would over-exaggerate details of brutality in Cuba in order to gain sympathy towards Cubans and hatred for the Spanish. They published the De Lome letter, which increased both hate of Spain and sympathy for Cuba even more. The tipping point of all of this was the sinking of the U.S.S. Maine. Americans assumed it was the work of the Spanish, and war soon followed. 5. How did America win the war against Spain? The very first thing in the war that America did was unexpected, bold, and it sent a message to Spain of Americas power. Spain was ready for an attack on Cuba when George Dewey invaded the Spanish territory of the Philippines, wiping out all Spanish power there. The U.S. then blocked off Cuba from Spain, and sent a small land force in to attack Santiago. After this victory, the blockade destroyed all Spanish ships and took over Puerto Rico. 6. Why was Puerto Rico important to the Americans? There were two main reasons the Americans wanted Puerto Rico. They felt that Puerto Rico gave them a strong military presence in the Carribbean. They also felt that they needed Puerto Rico if they were going to accomplish their plan for a canal across Panama. In 1952, Puerto Rico became recognized as a commonwealth and has been a part of America ever since.

7. How were both America and Cuba satisfied after the war? After the war, Cuba and America wanted different things. America wanted to be in charge of Cuba much like they were with Puerto Rico. Cuba only wanted independence. Cuba almost started a war with America because they felt America was treating them in the same way that Spain had. Eventually the Platt amendment came forward, making Cuba a U.S. protectorate rather than a state or a territory. 8. How were the Philippines treated after the war? The treaty of Paris stated that the Filipinos were to be annexed, not freed. Filipinos didnt like this idea. There was a fight between them and American soldiers in the Philippines, most of who were black. Many of these soldiers didnt understand why they were spreading racial prejudice, and they joined the Filipinos. The Philippines followed the same rules that Puerto Rico had for a while, but eventually gained independence. 9. How did the Chinese react to Imperialism and why? In the early 1900s, many Imperialist nations saw China as a great opportunity for investments and trade. The Open Door policy was introduced, stating that all the nations had equal rights to China and that none would establish a monopoly there. China had always been very s4ecluded and exclusive, and they werent exactly happy campers when all these Americans and Europeans starting immigrating to China. They formed rebellions, the most famous of these being the Boxer Rebellion. These rebellions were eventually crushed by the outside powers though. 10. Why was an Anti-Imperialist party formed? Although there was a succession of Imperialist presidents in a row, proving that a majority of Americans supported Imperialism, there were still those in opposition to Imperialism. They wrote essays and letters in an attempt to change attitudes and policies towards the U.S. ruling others without their consent. While they did slightly change public opinion, their actions had almost no effect on foreign policies. 11. How did Roosevelt change the worlds view of America? Roosevelts policies were in many ways more aggressive than those of presidents before him. He supported the Monroe doctrine and made it known to Europe that if they interfered with anything in Latin America they would use force to get rid of the Europeans. He got America exclusive rights to build a canal through Panama. Panamanians rebelled and American warships were able to quell the resistance, and the Panama canal was built as property of the Americans.