Examenes de Ingles

Tea cher s Resource Guide
Development and Production: Laurel Associates, Inc.
Three Watson Irvine, CA 92618-2767 Website: www.sdlback.com Copyright 2007 by Saddleback Educational Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the written permission of the publisher, with the exception below. Pages labeled with the statement Saddleback Educational Publishing 2007 are intended for reproduction. Saddleback Educational Publishing grants to individual purchasers of this book the right to make sufficient copies of reproducible pages for use by all students of a single teacher. This permission is limited to a single teacher, and does not apply to entire schools or school systems. ISBN-10: 1-59905-204-0 ISBN-13: 978-1-59905-204-5 eBook: 978-1-60291-109-3 Printed in the United States of America 12 11 10 09 08 07 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
Contents
TO THE TEACHER . . . . . . . . . . . .3 UNIT REVIEWS UNIT TESTS
1 2 3 4 5 5 6 7 8 9 10
Nouns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Pronouns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Adjectives and Determiners . . . . 8 Adverbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Verbs I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Verbs 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Prepositions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Conjunctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Sentences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Direct and Indirect Speech . . . 15 Punctuation and Capitalization . 16
1 2 3 4 5 5 6 7 8 9 10
Nouns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Pronouns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Adjectives and Determiners . . . 19 Adverbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Verbs I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Verbs 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Prepositions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Conjunctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Sentences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Direct and Indirect Speech . . . 26 Punctuation and Capitalization . 27
ANSWER KEY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
To t h e Te a c h e r
The task of an English teacher is difficult, challenging, and criticalespecially since many students expect grammar study to be tedious and boring. Why is that? Perhaps because every English course is a summary of all the formal and informal language instruction that preceded it, involving both review and remediation. The stakes are high, however: Your students grasp of language skills will either help them or hurt them as they face the speaking and writing demands of a lifetime! Saddlebacks BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR 1 and 2 enables students to take their first steps toward English proficiency. By focusing on the word and the sentence, this program will help you give students a positive experience as they begin to build a solid foundation of essential skills and concepts. The reproducible exercises in this Teachers Resource Guide support the lessons in the worktext in two important ways. The Reviews provide students with an immediate means of review and reinforcement. The Tests give busy teachers a handy method of assessment.
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FOUR-WAY COMMUNICATION Teachers will, of course, var y their methods and means of instruction according to the specific needs of their students. In general, however, all students will benefit most from a comprehensive approach to language instruction that includes all four aspects of communicationlistening, speaking, reading and writing. The lesson on nouns, for example, can be profitably augmented by following up with ver y simple lesson extenders such as: Listening and Speaking: Ask student volunteers to read aloud the lists of nouns in the lessons as other students transcribe them. Or invite students to call out their own suggestions for a noun list as you write the words on the chalkboard. Reading and Writing: Have students write simple sentences using the nouns listed on the chalkboard, or provide a beginners dictionary for student volunteers to look up an unfamiliar words meaning and read it to the class.
PERSONALIZING THE LESSONS Motivated teachers will find that such variations on such very simple, no preparation activities are limitless. The importance of appealing to the students own interests cannot be overemphasized when it comes to devising ancillary activities. Students of all ages, for example, will much more readily contribute to a list of their favorite foods, sports, etc. than to a general list of nouns.
Personalization is the key. People of all ability levels are motivated by the opportunity to share their experiences, opinions, and special interests. To reinforce the lesson on adjectives, for example, students could be asked to call out or write three adjectives that describe such things as a typical morning at their house, a family member they admire, or their favorite TV show. Obviously, the point of personalizing each targeted grammatical concept is to make language learning relevantand therefore, painless or even enjoyable.
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LESSON WARM-UPS Many teachers find that a short, introductory activity focuses attention. Here are some ideas you can adapt for the specific needs and interests of your students. Whole Class Activities Individual Student Activities
Ask students to call out occasions Write three sentences about yourself when good grammar would be and somebody else. Use either I or especially important as you list their me in each sentence. ideas on the chalkboard. List the eight parts of speech on the Write three or four verbs on the chalkboard. Have students write two chalkboard (EXAMPLES: walk, talk, examples of each on their papers. drive). Ask students to call out Think of two adjectives to describe adverbs that could describe different each of the four seasons. Then use ways of walking, talking, etc. List their each of those adjectives in a sentence suggestions under each verb. about summer, winter, spring and fall. Prepare a short list of positive adjectives Write a sentence that answers all including an irregular adjective and five W questions: who, what, when, some that compare with more and where, why. (EXAMPLE: On her birthday, most (EXAMPLES: smart, lazy, tired, Mrs. McGee celebrated by dancing in good, pretty). Ask student volunteers the kitchen.) to call out the comparative and superlative forms of each adjective. Write three sentences using the same verb in different forms. Use the Name three or four common locations present tense in one sentence and (EXAMPLES: playground, grocery store, the past tense in the other. swimming pool). Tell students to close their eyes and see the people Write three questions you would like to ask your favorite musician, movie there. Ask them to call out as many star, or athlete. verbs as possible to describe what the people are doing. Write prepositional phrases to describe where you could hide something you Ask the class to call out the correct possessive pronoun as you read a list didnt want anyone to find. Use different prepositions in each phrase. of phrases such as your mothers hat (EXAMPLES: behind the couch, under (hers), the childrens toys (theirs), the rug, etc.) the stores parking lot (its).
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NAME
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UNIT REVIEW
DATE
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Nouns
common noun: the name of any person, place, or thing (boy, school)
proper noun: the name of a particular person, place, or thing (Tom, Mason School)
A. Circle the common nouns and underline the proper nouns.
Maine October
lake holiday
teacher Italian
First Street game
honesty Super Bowl
singular noun: names one person, place, or thing (box, child)

plural noun: names more than one person, place, or thing (boxes, children)
B. Write the plural form of each singular noun below.
1. house _______________________ 2. bush ________________________ 3. child ________________________ 4. library ______________________
5. sandwich __________________________ 6. duty ______________________________ 7. radio _____________________________
8. tooth _____________________________
collective noun: word for a group of people, animals, or things (crowd, herd)
masculine noun: word for men, boys, and male animals (uncle, rooster) feminine noun: word for women, girls, and female animals (mother, mare)
C. Identify each noun. Write C for collective, M for masculine, or F for feminine.
____ sow ____ ram ____ niece
____ grandfather ____ king ____ lassie
____ swarm ____ witch ____ community
____ waitress ____ team ____ husband
A possessive noun shows ownership. To show ownership, simply add s to singular

nouns and to plural nouns that dont end in s. (Pats, mens) If the plural noun ends in s, just add an apostrophe ( ). (teachers offices)
D. Rewrite the following nouns to show ownership.
1. rabbit _______________________ 2. James ______________________ 3. teenagers ___________________
4. aunt ______________________________ 5. Charles ____________________________ 6. musicians __________________________
Basic English Grammar 2 Teachers Resource Guide Saddleback Educational Publishing 2007 Three Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 www.sdlback.com
NAME
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UNIT REVIEW
DATE
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Pronouns
A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. (we, they) Some personal
pronouns are used as the subject of a verb. Others are used as the object of a verb.
A. First, complete each sentence with the correct personal pronoun. Then write S if the personal pronoun is the subject of the verb, or O if the pronoun is the object.
1. Al and Brad are my friends. _____________ come to my house often. 2. Dad and I like to fish. ____________ are going fishing on Saturday. 3. Shawna borrowed my pen. I hope she will return ____________ soon. 4. Kelly and Mary play soccer well. I want ____________ on my team.
_____ _____ _____ _____
A reflexive pronoun refers to the subject of the verb. (myself, yourselves)

B. Complete each sentence with the correct reflexive pronoun.
1. Nick washed the car all by ____________________. 2. All of us fool ____________________ sometimes. 3. One tree stood by ____________________ on the hillside.
A possessive pronoun shows ownership. (hers, his)

C. Complete each sentence with the correct possessive pronoun.
1. This one is my locker, Kendra. Is that one ________________? 2. We live on this street. That little white house is ________________. 3. Our teams bus is yellow, but ________________ is green.
A demonstrative pronoun points out certain things. (this, those)

D. Complete each sentence with the correct demonstrative pronoun.
1. Who is ________________ peeking in the window? 2. Oh, good! ________________ are just the ingredients I needed. 3. Do you know the name of ________________ mountains in the distance?
An interrogative pronoun asks questions. (which, what)

An indefinite pronoun usually expresses quantity. (some, few)
E. Identify the pronouns. Write INT for interrogative and IND for indefinite.
1. ______ several 2. ______ who 3. ______ none
4. ______ what 5. ______ whom 6. ______ anybody
7. ______ most 8. ______ each 9. ______ both
NAME
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DATE
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Adjectives and Determiners
An adjective describes a noun or pronoun. It gives more information about

a person, place, or thing. (purple, unpleasant)
A. Identify the adjectives in bold type. Does the adjective describe the nouns size or quality? Write S for size or Q for quality.
1. a flat tire _____ (brick wall, silk shirt)
2. a tiny crumb _____
3. an average student _____
Some adjectives describe what things are made of. They refer to substances.
B. Write one of these substance adjectivessandy, rubber, silverto describe each object below.
1. ______________ spoon
2. ______________ ball
3. ______________ beach
To compare two people or things, add -er to most adjectives. To compare

three or more people or things, add -est to most adjectives. (big, bigger, biggest) Adjectives with more than three syllables, however, are compared by adding more or most, less or least. (more interested, least responsible)
C. Write the correct forms of the adjectives below. The first one has been done for you.
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE FORM SUPERLATIVE FORM
1. slow 2. friendly 3. difficult
__________________________ __________________________ slowest slower __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________
The comparative and superlative forms of some adjectives are irregular.

(EXAMPLE: good, better, best)
D. Write the correct forms of the adjectives below.
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE FORM SUPERLATIVE FORM
1. bad 2. little 3. far
__________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________
Determiners are special adjectives used before nouns. They include the articles a,
an, and the. Use a before nouns that begin with a consonant. (a toy) Use an before nouns that begin with a vowel. (an umbrella) Other determiners include this, these, that, those, few, several, both, what, which, my, its, and their.
E. Write the determiner that best completes each sentence. Then underline the noun.
1. There are only a ____________ candies left. ____________ one do you want? 2. ____________ coach ate ____________ apple. ____________ snack did you eat? 3. ____________ movies sound good. ____________ one would you like to see? 8
NAME
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Adverbs
Adverbs are words that tell you more about verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs.
Many adverbs are made by adding -ly to adjectives. (to move quickly, to speak rudely)
A. Write V, ADJ, or ADV to tell whether the boldface adverb describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
1. ______ drives carefully 2. ______ arrived early
3. ______ very ugly 4. ______ too often
5. ______ very well 6. ______ always busy
Adverbs of manner describe the way something is done. They answer the
question, how? (kindly, effortlessly) Adverbs of time answer the question, when? (tomorrow, next year)
B. Identify the boldface adverbs with M for manner or T for time.
1. _____ late for school 2. _____ hugged tenderly 3. _____ delivers promptly
4. _____ tiptoed silently 5. _____ perfectly arranged 6. _____ already received
Adverbs of place answer the question, where? (Put the book here.) Words that
answer the question, how often? are called adverbs of frequency. (once a week)
C. Write P for place or F for frequency to identify each boldface adverb.
1. _____ Never eat green apples. 2. _____ Sit down anywhere.
3. _____ She reviews our grades monthly. 4. _____ Go downstairs to the basement.
Adverbs of duration answer the question, how long? (It seemed to last forever.)
D. Circle the adverb that shows duration.
1. The sign says that the bathroom is ( temporarily / strictly ) out of order. 2. Last year the factory was ( unfortunately / permanently ) closed down. 3. The Andersons are staying ( comfortably / overnight ) with friends.
Some adverbs are used to add emphasis to verbs, adjectives, and

other adverbs. (very tired, quite talented)
E. Underline the adverbs that are used to add emphasis.
1. Brandon answered quite quickly. 2. Anna ran rather slowly. 3. At midnight I was completely exhausted.
4. Dad wasnt too worried about me. 5. Today I feel very happy. 6. Their hamburgers are really excellent. 9
NAME
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Verbs I
Most verbs tell what people or things are doing. (laugh, bark) The subject of
a sentence is performing the action described by the verb. (The dog barks.) It is important that the subject and the verb agree in number. Singular subjects go with singular verbs. (The baby laughs.) Plural subjects go with plural verbs. (The babies laugh.)
A. Circle the verb that correctly completes the sentence.
1. Ethan and Jake ( skate / skates ) very well. 2. The Philippines ( is / are ) an interesting country. 3. Somebody should ( takes / take ) out the trash.
Transitive verbs have an object affected by the action. (He eats pie.)
Intransitive verbs have no object. (She listened closely.)
B. If the sentence has an object, underline it. If the sentence has no object, write NO on the line.
1. Emily wrote a poem. 2. It rains every day.
_____ _____
3. The lions growl fiercely. _____ 4. Ed has many friends. _____
To tell about time, verbs may be in the present tense (Mom exercises.), the past tense
(Mom exercised yesterday.), or the future tense (Mom will exercise tomorrow.).
C. Write present, past, or future on the line to identify each verb.
1. He took his medicine. __________ 2. We like scary movies. __________
3. I smell popcorn.
__________
4. She leaves next week. __________
To make the present perfect tense, use have or has with a verb that ends in -ed.
(a scientist has discovered, they have promised) The present perfect tense shows (1) action in the indefinite past, or (2) action begun in the past and continuing into the present.
D. Circle the word that correctly completes the sentence.
1. We ( has / have ) cherished Grandpas memory for many years. 2. Rico ( has / have ) always studied very hard. 3. The judge ( has / have ) ruled against the defendant.
The past participles of irregular verbs dont end in -ed. Some are the same
as the simple past tense form (win, won, won), and some have different spellings (fall, fell, fallen).
E. Write the past participles of the following irregular verbs.
1. make ____________ 2. break ____________ 10
3. know ____________ 4. go ____________
5. see
____________
6. bring ____________
NAME
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Verbs II
To show future action, use the verbs shall or will with another verb that describes
the action. (I shall leave now. He will be happy.) In contractions, shall and will appear as ll. (Ill, youll)
A. Complete the sentences with the correct contractions.
1. See you later, Mom. ____________ be home about 9 oclock. 2. Susie wants to clean our house. ____________ need a lot of help. 3. Be careful with that vase! ____________ break very easily.
An infinitive is a verb form, often preceded by to, that is used as a noun or

adjective. (She wants to dance. Is there a way to help?) The imperative is a verb form that commands or gives an order. (Stop talking. Give me a hand.)
B. Identify the verb. Write INF for infinitive or IMP for imperative.
1. _____ To wait in line is boring. 2. _____ Please listen closely.
3. _____ Dont peek at the answers. 4. _____ I have a magazine to read.
A gerund is the -ing form of a verb thats used as a noun or adjective.

(Exercising is fun. We bought a washing machine.)
C. Write N if the gerund is used as a noun. Write A if its used as an adjective.
1. _____ Anthony enjoys fishing. 2. _____ Gossiping is a bad habit.
3. _____ We played a guessing game. 4. _____ Ivy is a climbing plant.
Auxiliary, or helping verbs, are used before other verbs to add a different meaning.
The auxiliary verbs are can, could, would, should, ought to, will, shall, may, might, and must. Use can and could to show that someone is (1) able to do something, or (2) allowed to do something. (Josh can draw very well. They could come along if they wanted to.) Use will and would to (1) ask someone to do something, or (2) offer or suggest something. (Will you have some pie? You would like that movie.)
D. Circle the word that correctly completes each sentence.
1. Because of illness, Derek ( cant / wouldnt ) go skiing today. 2. Did I tell you that my baby sister ( could / can ) walk now? 3. Marta is afraid, but she ( will / could ) do it if she tried.
Use shall and should to (1) ask for advice, or (2) offer something. (Should I drive?
We shall overcome.) Use must to talk about things you have to do. (I must study harder.) Use ought to to (1) make a strong suggestion, or (2) talk about a duty. (Students ought to pay attention.) Use may to ask permission. (May I have a drink?)
E. Circle the word that correctly completes each sentence.
1. Why ( shall / must ) I eat now? 2. (Will / Shall ) we dance?
3. He ( ought to / may ) respect his mom. 4. Why ( should / shall ) I apologize? 11
NAME
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UNIT REVIEW
DATE
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Prepositions
A preposition is a word that links a noun or a pronoun to another part of a sentence.

(The bowl was on the table.) A preposition introduces a prepositional phrase. (on the table)
A. Some prepositions show where something happens. Underline the preposition of place that correctly completes each sentence.
1. Write your name ( across / past ) the top of the paper. 2. The cat was hiding ( under / with ) the kitchen table. 3. She always parks her car ( out of / in front of ) her house.
Prepositions of time show when something happens. (Wait until later today.)
Prepositions of direction show where something is going. (He ran past the pond.)
B. Identify the boldface prepositions. Write T for time or D for direction.
1. _____ We should be finished with this job by noon. 2. _____ The huge jet plane was heading toward the West Coast. 3. _____ Be sure to put gas in the car before you leave. 4. _____ William crawled under the covers and soon fell asleep.
Three prepositions that have special uses are of, for, and with.
(ways of finding out, easy for me to do, the girl with red hair)
C. Circle the preposition that correctly completes each sentence.
1. Im hoping to get a tennis racket ( for / of ) my birthday. 2. Carl is a valuable member ( for / of ) our baseball team. 3. To make that recipe, I need three stalks ( with / of ) celery. 4. Rita impresses everyone ( with / for ) her self-confidence.
A preposition may be used with an adjective (good at ), a verb (divided into), or a

noun (the answer to).
D. First study the boldface preposition. Then write A if its used with an adjective, V if its used with a verb, or N if its used with a noun.
1. _____ Theres something wrong with this pencil sharpener. 2. _____ Those yellow tennis balls belong to Marcia. 3. _____ None of us knew the reason for the coachs bad mood.
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NAME
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UNIT REVIEW
DATE
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Conjunctions
A conjunction is a word used to link other words, phrases, or sentences.

Three common conjunctions are and, but, and or. (I have a coat and a jacket. Should I wear a coat or a jacket? I wore a jacket, but I should have worn a coat.)
A. Write and, or, or but to correctly complete each sentence.
1. Would you rather give me a call _______ write me a letter? 2. He cant dance _______ his sister dances very well. 3. Matthew can catch the ball _______ he cant hit. 4. I like all vegetables _______ peas.
5. Tennis _______ volley ball are my favorite sports. 6. We can either pack a lunch _______ eat at a restaurant. 7. You can choose vanilla _______ chocolate. 8. We went to the bank _______ cashed our paychecks.
Conjunctions of time tell when something happens. (He drank some water after
his race.) Conjunctions of place tell where something happens. (Robbie has learned where the best fishing spots are.)
B. Underline the conjunctions. Then write T for time or P for place.
1. _____ Mom knits while she watches TV. 2. _____ Wait until its your turn.
3. _____ He makes friends wherever he goes. 4. _____ Remember when we first met?
Conjunctions of reason tell why something happens. (He cried because he was sad.)
Conjunctions of purpose tell about your goal or aim. (Arrive early so you can get a seat.)
C. Identify the conjunctions. Write R for reason or P for purpose.
1. _____ I took a first aid kit in case of an accident. 2. _____ We practiced daily so we wouldnt make mistakes.
3. _____ I wore sunglasses in order to protect my eyes. 4. _____ Since its already noon, lets eat lunch.
To add variety to your sentences, you can substitute words for but.
(Though Bill is short, hes a great basketball player.) Other words may also be substituted for or. (That creature is neither fish nor fowl.)
D. Circle the conjunction that correctly completes each sentence.
1. ( When / While ) the color is pretty, the fabric is flimsy. 2. Im aiming for the target ( although / since ) I may very well miss it. 3. Do your best in school ( unless / or else ) you might fail. 4. Students may study ( either / until ) French ( and / or ) German.
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NAME
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UNIT REVIEW
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Sentences
A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought. A sentence

always has a subject and a verb. There are four main kinds of sentences. (Cats have whiskers. Do you like cats? What a beautiful cat! Put the cat outside.) A. Circle the word that correctly completes each sentence. 1. ( An interrogative / A declarative ) sentence makes a statement. 2. An ( interrogative / exclamatory ) sentence expresses strong feeling. 3. An interrogative sentence ( makes a statement / asks a question ). 4. A ( An imperative / A declarative ) sentence gives an order.
Verbs in sentences with objects are called transitive verbs. Direct objects receive the
action of the verb. (Dan rode his new bike.) Indirect objects are nouns or pronouns that receive the direct object of the verb. (Dan showed us his new bike.) Verbs in sentences with no object are called intransitive verbs. (Nicole laughed loudly.) B. Circle the direct object in each sentence. Underline the indirect object, if there is one. If there is no object, put a checkmark after the sentence. 1. Andrews pitch hit the batter. 2. Mrs. Gomez is baking a cake. 3. Jesse is writing his mother a letter. 4. The lonely little dog barked for hours.
A clause contains one subject and one verb. A simple sentence consists of just one
clause. (Where should we hide?) A compound sentence consists of two sentences joined by a conjunction. (Becky plays the piano and Sue plays the harp.) C. Write SS to identify a simple sentence or CS to identify a compound sentence. 1. _____ We couldnt go outside because the rain flooded the playground. 2. _____ How many people attended the big downtown rally? 3. _____ That little black box might have held untold riches.
A conditional sentence talks about something that is possible, but depends on

something else. ( If you go, Ill go, too.) A positive sentence tells about something that exists or is happening. (Dad likes peanuts.) A negative sentence tells about something that doesnt exist or is not happening. (Dad doesnt like peanuts.) D. Complete each sentence in your own words. 1. CONDITIONAL: If Bradley doesnt __________________________________________. Im not ____________________________________________________. 2. NEGATIVE: 3. POSITIVE: All my friends ______________________________________________.
The question words what, which, who, whose, when, where, and how are used
to ask for information. Verbs such as be, have, do, can, will, and should are also used in questions. (Where do you keep the scissors?) E. Circle the word that correctly completes each question. 1. ( When / Whose ) book is 2. ( What / How ) do bees make honey? lying on the floor? 14
NAME
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Direct and Indirect Speech
The exact words used by a speaker are called direct speech, or a direct quotation.
These words are set off by quotation marks ( ). (Dont slip on the ice! Jeremy said to his mother.
A. Add quotation marks to set off the direct speech in the sentences below.
1. What have we here? Carmen asked. 2. It was Alan who said, Lets race to the water fountain. 3. Help! Mrs. Ha cried out. Ive hurt myself!
Indirect speech is a report of what someone said without using his or her exact
words. A verb such as say, ask, or tell is used in indirect, or reported, speech. (Mel asked Rhonda for a ride home.)
B. Rewrite each direct quotation as reported speech.
1. My brother is sick, Ken said.
________________________________________
2. Is it time for lunch? Sue asked. ________________________________________ 3. I need a break, the man said. ________________________________________
Words such as order, tell, and warn are used to report orders and instructions.
For these indirect commands, the construction to + a verb or not to + a verb is often used. (The policeman ordered them to stop.)
C. Write D for direct or I for indirect to identify each sentence.
1. _____ The coach warned the boys not to miss practice. 2. _____ Helen told everyone about the big sale at the store. 3. _____ Im proud of your good grades, Dad said.
The verb ask is usually used to report questions. Remember that the subject
comes before the verb in an indirect question. (He asked if he could use my computer.) Use if or whether after the verb in yesno questions. (Did she ask if she could go to the movies?)
D. Rewrite each sentence as an indirect question.
1. What school do you attend? the man asked. _______________________________________________________________________ 2. Are you nervous? my teammate asked me. _______________________________________________________________________ 3. Can you do magic tricks? the woman asked. _______________________________________________________________________
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NAME
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10
Punctuation and Capitalization
Punctuation marks are used to clarify the meanings of sentences. A period at the
end of a sentence shows that it is a statement. A question mark at the end of a sentence shows that it is a question. A. Complete each sentence with either a period or a question mark. 1. My hometown is very small 3. Where do your cousins live 2. Do you enjoy horror movies 4. Mom makes macaroni and cheese
The comma has many uses. Use a comma between the items in a list.
(red, white and blue) Also use a comma to set off words at the beginning or end of a sentence. (Donald, will you help me, please. Yes, Ill be glad to help you.) B. Add the necessary commas to the following sentences. 1. The movie will be shown Thursday Friday and Saturday. 2. No I wont be able to leave on vacation as scheduled. 3. Maria please take messages while Im away. 4. Could you pass me the potatoes please?
Use an exclamation mark ( ! ) after some commands (March! ) and after short
words called interjections that show strong feeling (Ouch! Hurray! ). Use an apostrophe ( ) to show ownership (Dads) or to show where one or more letters are missing in a contraction (isnt). C. Add the correct punctuation mark to each sentence. 1. Joseph doesnt like turnips. 3. Come here right now 2. Help Fire 4. Ill be with you in a minute.
When quoting direct speech, use a comma before the last quotation mark.
(I have a new goldfish, said Joe.) If the quotation comes after the rest of the sentence, use a period before the last quotation mark. (Jake said, I have a black cat.) Use a question mark or an exclamation mark before the last quotation mark if the quotation is a question (When are we leaving? Annemarie asked.) or an exclamation (Peter cried, That hurt!). D. Add necessary commas and quotation marks to the sentences below. 1. Lets play tag Kyle said. 3. Pam said Who wants cake? 2. What a terrible movie! 4. How can I help you? the Ben exclaimed. clerk asked.
Use a capital letter for (1) all names and initials (Tuesday, J. K. R owlings, D allas);
(2) the first letter of the first word in direct speech (W here is Tom? Joe asked.); (3) the first letters of important words in titles of books, plays, and movies (T he A dventures of Tom S awyer). E. Circle the letters that should be capitalized. 1. reading is kellys favorite hobby. 3. the night before christmas 2. p. t. barnum created a circus. 4. did you hear that noise? jim asked. 16
NAME
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Nouns
1
A. Use what youve learned about nouns to help you solve the crossword puzzle. Answers are words that complete the sentences.
ACROSS
P
3
5. ____ nouns name particular people,places and things. (Jeff Chang, Timex, Yellowstone Park) 7. ____ nouns name men, boys and male animals. (king, rooster, uncle) 8. ____ nouns name groups of people or animals. (jury, herd, committee)
DOWN
2 4
S
7
1. ____ nouns name two or 8 C more people, places or things.(children, mice, cities) 2. ____ nouns are punctuated to show ownership. 4. ____ nouns name women, girls and (Dads, dogs, governments) female animals. (daughter, actress, hen) 3. ____ nouns name no particular 6. ____ nouns name just one person, people, places or things. place or thing. (carrot, flower, chimney) (soup, woman, lawnmower)
B. Next to each statement write T for true or F for false.
1. _____ A proper noun always begins with a capital letter. 2. _____ The plural form of monkey is monkies. 3. _____ The plural form of tomato is tomatoes.
4. _____ To show ownership, simply add an apostrophe to a plural noun that ends in s. 5. _____ If the group is acting as one, use a plural verb with the collective noun.
C. Circle the word or words that correctly complete each sentence.
1. Always capitalize the days of the week and the ( hours of the day / months of the year ). 2. Words such as cousin and scientist are called ( common gender / possessive ) nouns. 3. Use the article an before words that begin with a ( vowel / consonant ).
4. Use this and these to talk about things and people who are ( far away / close by ). 5. The words jeans and scissors take a ( singular / plural ) verb. 6. In grammar, the speaker is called the ( first / second ) person, and the person who is spoken to is called the ( third / second ) person. 17
NAME
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UNIT TEST
DATE
_______________________
Pronouns
A. Use what youve learned about pronouns to help you solve the crossword puzzle. Answers are words that complete the sentences.
ACROSS
1
3. ____ pronouns such as I, you and it replace the names of persons and things. (Since Ben and I like sports, we try out for all the teams.) 5. ____ pronouns receive the action of the verb. (They all congratulated us.) 6. Most ____ pronouns express the idea of quantity. (Our door is open to everyone.) 7. ____ pronouns point out people and things. (Those are my parents in the top row.)
DOWN
1. A ____ is a word that takes the place of a noun. (Emily won the race. She ran very fast.) 2. ____ pronouns refer back to the subject of the verb. (I built the doghouse myself.)
3. ____ pronouns show ownership. (That tan coat is hers.) 4. I, she and he are examples of ____ pronouns. (They live a long way from school.)
B. Write S for subject or O for object to identify the boldface pronouns.
1. _____ That cat scratched me! 2. _____ Sean looked everywhere for it. 3. _____ You always make me laugh.
4. _____ Brad was helping them. 5. _____ Where are they? 6. _____ The teacher praised us.
C. Circle the word that correctly completes each sentence.
1. The object form of the pronoun he is ( his / him ). 2. Words such as mine and hers are called ( demonstrative / possessive ) pronouns. 3. Words such as who and what are called ( indefinite / interrogative ) pronouns. 4. The possessive form of the pronoun you is ( yours / yours ). 5. A reflexive pronoun refers to the ( subject / object ) of the sentence. 6. The subject form of the pronoun it is ( the same / different from ) the object form. 18
NAME
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UNIT TEST
DATE
_______________________
Adjectives and Determiners

1 2
A. Use what youve learned about adjectives to help you solve the crossword puzzle. Answers are words that complete the sentences.
ACROSS
C O
3
2. Adjectives of ____ are made from the proper names of places. (Mr. Kitijima is a Japanese businessman.)
4 4. An adjective that ends in -____ F describes a noun or pronoun that is full of something or has a lot of it. (Only skillful athletes become All-Stars.) 5 6
6. Adjectives of ____ describe what S people or things are like. (The teacher is a pretty, blonde woman.) 7. Adjectives of ____ tell what something 8 A is made of. (Hung made some paper dolls.) 8. ____ give you more information about 3. The ____ a, and and the are people, places and things. (The bright special adjectives called new coat of paint made the room look determiners. cheerful and inviting.) 5. An adjective that ends in -____ DOWN describes a person or thing 1. The ____ form of an adjective is used that does not have something. to compare two people or things. (The careless driver caused an (Randall is taller than his brother.) accident.)
B. Write the adjective form of each place name below.
1. (China) a ________________ costume 2. (Spain) a ________________ dictionary
3. (France) ________________ perfume 4. (Hawaii) ________________ pineapple
C. Choose an ending from the box to make the adjective form of each word below. -ous -al -ful -ive -y -ish
1. (juice) a ________________ peach 2. (create) a ________________ person
3. (style) a ________________ suit 4. (nation) a ________________ holiday
D. Write T for true or F for false next to each statement.
1. _____ Words such as some, enough and all are quantifying determiners. 2. _____ Numbers can never be used as determiners. 3. _____ Some possessive determiners are that, those and these. 4. _____ The determiners every and each can only be used with singular nouns. 5. _____ Nouns such as school and home are often used without an article.
19
NAME
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UNIT TEST
DATE
_______________________
Adverbs
A. Use what youve learned about adverbs to help you solve the crossword puzzle. Answers are words that complete the sentences.
ACROSS
1. An adverb ____ is a group of words that function as a single adverb. (The donkey lay on a bed of straw.) 4. Adverbs of ____ answer the question, How often? (We went there twice.) 7. Adverbs of ____ answer the question, How? (He spoke out rudely.)
DOWN
4
F
5
1. Adverbs of ____ answer the question, Where? (I put my purse there.) 2. The adverb ____ is often used to emphasize an adjective or another adverb. (Youre a very good dancer.) 3. Adverbs of ____ tell how long something lasts. (We stayed overnight.)
6
5. An adverb can describe a verb, an adjective or another ____. (Hector draws quite well.) 6. Adverbs of ____ answer the question, When? (Pat arrived yesterday.)
B. Read each pair of sentences. Write ADV next to the sentence in each pair that uses the boldface word as an adverb.
1. _____ Charles drives too fast. _____ Charles drives a fast car. 2. _____ That branch hangs low. _____ I sat on a low stool.
3. _____ Chris and Melinda arrived late. _____ Late homework is penalized. 4. _____ Eds a better athlete than Kyle. _____ Ed plays better than Kyle.
C. Circle the word that correctly completes each sentence.
1. Many changes in our schedule may be ( necessarily / necessary ). 2. No one can sit ( comfortably / comfortable ) on that sofa. 3. You ( obvious / obviously ) didnt wipe your feet on the doormat. 4. In the desert we saw a ( real / really ) strange lizard. 5. You ( sure / surely ) missed a good party last weekend. 6. Some people take TV soap operas very ( serious / seriously ). 7. LeShawns Halloween costume was ( unbelievable / unbelievably ) clever. 8. Pack the china plates ( good / well ) or they might break. 20
NAME
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UNIT TEST
DATE
_______________________
Verbs I
A. Use what youve learned about verbs to help you solve the crossword puzzle. Answers are words that complete the sentences.
ACROSS
1
1. In the sentence Cats are curious, the subject and the verb ____. 3. Verbs such as was, did and took are in the past ____. 4. The -ed ending is not added to ____ verbs such as catch to form the past tense. 6. ____ such as dont and youll are formed by replacing one or more letters with an apostrophe. 7. A ____ such as bathing is the -ing form of a verb that may also be used as a noun or an adjective.
DOWN
6 4
A
3
I
5
C
7
1. A verb is a word that shows ____ (hit) or being (is). 2. ____ verbs such as might are used with other verbs to add a different meaning (might decide).
3. A ____ verb such as carried always has an object, such as ball. 5. A ____ verb such as were is always used with a plural subject such as friends.
B. Write T for true or F for false next to each statement.
1. _____ The words impeach, generate and comply are irregular verbs. 2. _____ Use can and could when you are asking for information. 3. _____ The correct contraction for I shall not is shant. 4. _____ The verbs am and doesnt are always used with plural subjects. 5. _____ To form the past tense, just add d to verbs that end in e. 6. _____ Use the simple present tense to express something that happens always or never. 7. _____ The words is and are are simple present forms of the verb be. 8. _____ There is no such thing as an irregular past participle. 21
NAME
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UNIT TEST
DATE
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Verbs II
N S H A L T C E R I L I O W S I I E D N T H H V
A. Find and circle the hidden words about verbs. Words may go up, down, across, backward, or diagonally.
____ IMPERATIVE ____ SUBJECT ____ PARTICIPLE ____ PRESENT ____ NEGATIVE ____ SHALL
____ INFINITIVE ____ HELPING ____ INTRANSITIVE ____ FUTURE ____ INDIRECT ____ DIRECT
T E I M E F F R O E A I P R L E L G I O L L D T R U M E V N N P T P O I E T C O M I I E T I O S S U B J E C T T H N E N E F A I I D I A O G F A N T H T E I V R G C O R T U R D I R E C T E N T T A R Y T E H Q I U N N P C E V I T A R E P M I
B. Use the puzzle words to correctly complete the sentences below.
1. The base form of a verb, usually preceded by the word to, is called an __________________________. (To play the piano is my goal.) 2. __________________________ verbs do not carry action to an object. (In the summer, rain falls nearly every day.) 3. The __________________________ tense shows action that will occur at some later time. (We will see you tomorrow.) 4. In the sentence Mother gave me a gift, the word me is the __________________________ object. 5. The __________________________ tense shows action that is happening now. (He buys lots of groceries.) 6. We do not want it is a __________________________ statement. 7. In the sentence Can you smell the roses? the word roses is the __________________________ object. 8. An __________________________ sentence makes a request or gives a command. (Read the paragraph carefully.) 9. Three common auxiliary, or __________________________ verbs are is, has and can. (Christopher is going home now.) 10. The past __________________________ of talk is have talked. 11. The words __________________________ and will indicate the future tense. (I shall join you later.) 12. In a well written sentence, the __________________________ and the verb must agree. (Roseanne sings very well.) 22
NAME
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UNIT TEST
DATE
_______________________
Prepositions
A. Use what youve learned about prepositions to help you solve the crossword puzzle. Answers are words that complete the sentences.
ACROSS
1
3. A ____ is a word such as at or in that shows a connection between other words. (The green vase is on the table.) 5. Prepositions of ____ show when something happens. (We swim during the summer.) 6. Prepositions are used with adjectives, verbs or ____. (He made a model of an airplane.)
DOWN
A
2
1. Some words can be used either as a preposition or an ____. (The girls rowed across the lake.) 2. Prepositions of ____ show where something is going. (Jos ran past the other sprinters.)
3. Prepositions of ____ show where something is. (The basement is under the house.) 4. The noun or pronoun after the preposition is that prepositions ____. (His fork fell on the floor.)
B. Identify the boldface word. Write P if it is used as a preposition or A if it is used as an adverb.
1. _____ She works in a laboratory. 2. _____ The topic didnt come up.
3. _____ Have you seen Joe around? 4. _____ Theres a light above the stove.
C. Circle the word that best completes each sentence.
1. The words under and ( since / beside ) are prepositions of place. 2. In the sentence Sit by the door, by is a preposition of ( place / time ). 3. You wont be admitted ( unless / without ) a ticket. 4. Two tree branches blew down ( before / during ) the big storm. 5. Dad painted the walls ( on / of ) my room with a roller. 6. The runners were racing ( toward / along ) the finish line. 7. The store wont give refunds ( after / around ) next Friday. 8. Word groups such as together with and on account of are prepositional ( sentences / phrases ).
23
NAME
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UNIT TEST
DATE
_______________________
Conjunctions
A. Use what youve learned about conjunctions to help you solve the crossword puzzle. Answers are words that complete the sentences.
ACROSS
1 2
3. Conjunctions such as in order to and so that are called conjunctions of ____. (I set the alarm clock in order to get up on time.) 6. The conjunctions and, but and or are often used to join complete ____. (She invited George, but he couldnt attend.) 7. When you write ____, remember to use a comma between the words. (We need flour, eggs, milk and peanut butter.)
DOWN
C P
R
4
C
5
1. ____ are words such as and, or and but that link words, phrases and sentences. 7 L (The night sky was dark and cloudy.) 2. Conjunctions of ____, including 4. Some conjunctions talk about as and in case, tell why something making a ____. (I prefer either is happening. (I didnt have pie apricots or cherries.) because Im on a diet.) 5. Conjunctions of ____, such as 3. Conjunctions of ____, such as before or after, tell when something where, are used to talk about happens. (We wont start until places. (Wherever Pam goes, youre ready.) her sister goes, too.)
B. Write T for true or F for false next to each statement.
1. _____ Conjunctions link letters in a word as well as words in a sentence. 2. _____ Conjunctions are never used in adjective or noun clauses. 3. _____ Some conjunctions, such as not only and but also are used in pairs. 4. _____ Some conjunctions link words that do not normally go together.
C. Circle the conjunction that best completes each sentence.
1. Kim is studying history, ( as soon as / as well as ) English and math. 2. We have ten minutes to wait ( until / when ) the bus comes. 3. We couldnt tell whether Jeff was laughing ( and / or ) crying. 4. Roberto is a small man, ( or / but ) hes very strong. 5. The game was called off ( in case / because ) of rain. 6. ( Wherever / As soon as ) Mom gets home, well tell her what happened. 24
NAME
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UNIT TEST
DATE
_______________________
Sentences
A. Use what youve learned about sentences to help you solve the crossword puzzle. Answers are words that complete the sentences.
ACROSS
1
1. An ____ sentence gives an order. (Please turn off the television.) 4. A ____ sentence has only one clause. (Katrina found her watch.)
P S T
5
6. A question ____ is a short question added at the end of a sentence. (You dont like peaches, do you? ) 7. A ____ sentence consists of two or more main clauses. (Ashley is in high school and her brother is in college.) 8. An interrogative sentence asks a ____. (Where do you play tennis?)
DOWN
8
2. A ____ sentence tells you about something that exists or is happening. (Dad went to work early today.) 3. A declarative sentence makes a ____. (Lincoln is the capital of Nebraska.) 5. An ____ is a statement showing strong feeling such as surprise or anger. (What a rude thing to do!)
B. Circle the word that correctly completes each sentence below.
1. The new grocery store around the corner is not a sentence because it lacks a ( subject / verb ). 2. Ask me no questions and Ill tell you no lies is a ( compound / complex ) sentence. 3. In the sentence Lynn loaned Hannah ten dollars, the indirect object is ( Hannah / dollars ). 4. A compound sentence always has two ( object / verbs ). 5. Contractions such as didnt or cant are used only in ( transitive / negative ) sentences. 6. Question words such as ( while / which ) are used to ask for information. 7. The word if is used in ( conditional / traditional ) sentences. 8. Use a ( positive / negative ) question tag at the end of a positive sentence.
25
NAME
____________________________________
UNIT TEST
DATE
_______________________
Direct and Indirect Speech
A. Use what youve learned about direct and indirect speech to help you solve the crossword puzzle. Answers are words that complete the sentences.
ACROSS
1 2
2. You use ____ speech to tell what someone said without using his or her exact words. (The boss said wed have to work late.) 5. ____ marks are always used around the exact words that someone says. (Well have to work late today, said the boss.) 6. Verbs such as ordered and told are often used to report a ____. (He warned us to stay away.)
DOWN
D I
1. The exact words that someone says are called ____ speech. (Oh, no, its raining! Jan said.) 3. You are using indirect speech when you ____ what someone said. (She said she didnt have time to join us.) 4. You usually change both the verb tense and the ____ when you use indirect speech. (Mickey said he was going to the movies.) 5. To report a ____, put the subject after the verb. (I asked if pets were allowed in the park.)
B. Circle the word that correctly completes each sentence.
1. In indirect speech, people often leave out the conjunction ( then / that ). 2. The verb ( say / ask ) is often used to report questions. 3. Bob said, Would you like a cookie? is an example of ( direct / indirect ) speech. 4. Use if or whether when you are reporting yes or no ( answers / questions ). 5. Use ( the same / a different ) question word to report a question-word question. 6. Dad told us hed be home late is an example of ( indirect / direct ) speech.
C. First, find the errors. Then rewrite the sentences correctly.
1. Let me see your drivers license the policeman said to the motorist. _________________________________________________________________________ 2. Madison ask if she could play on our team. _________________________________________________________________________ 26
NAME
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UNIT TEST
DATE
_______________________
10
Punctuation and Capitalization
A. Use what youve learned about punctuation and capitalization to help you solve the crossword puzzle. Answers are words that complete the sentences.
ACROSS
3. Put a ____ at the end of a declarative sentence. (Oranges are good for your health.) 4. In a playscript, a ____ appears between the characters name and the words he or she speaks. (Norm: Youve got 4 C to be kidding! ) 5. ____ marks are used around the exact words a person says. (I wont go, Jerry said.) 6. To show ownership, put an ____ and an s at the end of a noun or pronoun. (Freedom is everyones right.)
DOWN
6
1 2 3
1. Punctuate a question with a ____ A mark. (What is your name, please?) 2. Put a ____ between the parts of a place name. (They come from Honolulu, Hawaii.) 3. ____ marks make the meanings of sentences clearer. (Wow! Moe said when he saw the new theme park.) 4. Begin the name of a particular person, place or thing with a ____ letter. (Matt Wilson visited Yellowstone Park.)
B. Find the errors in the following sentences. Then rewrite them correctly, adding necessary capitalization and punctuation.
1. No thank you Bob said I dont care for another piece of pie. _________________________________________________________________________ 2. Kansas city missouri is just across the river from kansas City kansas! _________________________________________________________________________ 3. Ive noticed Harold, that you havent been following the rules? _________________________________________________________________________ 4. no Jermaine screamed dont even think about opening that door. _________________________________________________________________________ 5. Mom said your family is Planning to visit ellis island. _________________________________________________________________________ 6. Why? Kim asked are you wearing your brothers jacket today. _________________________________________________________________________
27
A n s w e r Ke y
Basic English Grammar 2 Teachers Resource Guide
UNIT REVIEWS 7 Conjunctions (page 13)
1 Nouns (page 6) A. Maine, (lake), (teacher), First Street, (honesty), October, (holiday), Italian, (game), Super Bowl B. 1. houses 2. bushes 3. children 4. libraries 5. sandwiches 6. duties 7. radios 8. teeth C. F sow M grandfather C swarm F waitress M ram M king F witch C team F niece F lassie C community M husband D. 1. rabbits 2. Jamess 3. teenagers 4. aunts 5. Charless 6. musicians 2 Pronouns (page 7) A. 1. They, S 2. We, S 3. it, O 4. them, O B. 1. himself 2. ourselves 3. itself C. 1. yours 2. ours 3. theirs D. 1. that 2. These 3. those E. 1. IND 2. INT 3. IND 4. INT 5. INT 6. IND 7. IND 8. IND 9. IND 3 Adjectives and Determiners (page 8) A. 1. Q 2. S 3. Q B. 1. silver 2. rubber 3. sandy C. 2. friendlier, friendliest 3. more or less, most or least D. 1. worse, worst 2. less, least 3. farther/further, farther/furthest E. 1. few candies, Which one 2. The coach, an apple, Which/What snack 3. Both/Several movies, Which one 4 Adverbs (page 9) A. 1. V 2. V 3. ADJ 4. ADV 5. ADV 6. ADJ B. 1. T 2. M 3. T 4. M 5. M 6. M C. 1. F 2. P 3. F 4. P D. 1. temporarily 2. permanently 3. overnight E. 1. quite 2. rather 3. completely 4. too 5. very 6. really 5 Verbs I (page 10) A. 1. skate 2. is 3. take B. 1. poem 2. NO 3. NO 4. friends C. 1. past 2. present 3. present 4. future D. 1. have 2. has 3. has E. 1. made 2. broken 3. known 4. go 5. seen 6. brought 5 Verbs II (page 11) A. 1. Ill 2. Shell 3. Itll B. 1. INF 2. IMP 3. IMP 4. INF C. 1. N 2. N 3. A 4. A D. 1. cant 2. can 3. could E. 1. must 2. Shall 3. ought to 4. should 6 Prepositions (page 12) A. 1. across 2. under 3. in front of B. 1. T 2. P 3. T 4. P C. 1. for 2. of 3. of 4. with D. 1. A 2. V 3. N A. 1. or 2. but 3. but 4. but 5. and 6. or 7. or 8. and B. 1. T, while 2. T, until 3. P, wherever 4. T, when C. 1. R 2. P 3. P 4. R D. 1. While 2. although 3. or else 4. either, or 8 Sentences (page 14) A. 1. A declarative 2. exclamatory 3. asks a question 4. An imperative B. 1. Andrews wild pitch hit the (batter). 2. Mrs. Gomez is baking a (cake). 3. Jesse is writing his mother a (letter). 4. The lonely little dog barked for hours. C. 1. CS 2. SS 3. SS D. Answers will vary. E. 1. Whose 2. How 9 Direct and Indirect Speech (page 15) A. 1. What have we here? Carmen asked. 2. It was Alan who said, Lets race to the water fountain. 3. Help! Mrs. Ha cried out. Ive hurt myself! B. 1. Ken said his brother was sick. 2. Sue asked if it was time for lunch. 3. The man said that he needed a break. C. 1. I 2. I 3. D D. 1. The man asked me what school I attended. 2. My teammate asked me if I was nervous. 3. The woman asked if I could do magic tricks. 10 Punctuation and Capitalization (page 16) A. 1. . 2. ? 3. ? 4. . B. 1. The movie will be shown Thursday, Friday and Saturday. 2. No, I wont be able to leave on vacation as scheduled. 3. Maria, please take messages while Im away. 4. Could you pass me the potatoes, please? C. 1. Joe doesnt like turnips. 2. Help! Fire! 3. Come here right now! 4. Ill be with you in a minute. D. 1. Lets play tag, Kyle said. 2. What a terrible movie! Ben exclaimed. 3. Pam said, Who wants cake? 4. How can I help you?? the clerk asked. E. 1. Reading is Kellys favorite hobby. 2. P T Barnum created a circus. 3. The Night Before Christmas 4. Did you hear that noise? Jim asked. 2 Pronouns (page 18) A. ACROSS: 3. personal 5. object 6. indefinite 7. demonstrative DOWN: 1. pronoun 2. reflexive 3. possessive 4. subject B. 1. O 2. O 3. S 4. O 5. S 6. O C. 1. him 2. possessive 3. interrogative 4. yours 5. subject 6. the same 3 Adjectives and Determiners (page 19) A. ACROSS: 2. origin 4. ful 6. quality 7. substance 8. adjectives DOWN: 1. comparative 3. articles 5. less B. 1. Chinese 2. Spanish 3. French 4. Hawaiian C. 1. juicy 2. creative 3. stylish 4. national D. 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T 4 Adverbs (page 20) A. ACROSS: 1. phrase 4. frequency 7. manner DOWN: 1. place 2. very 3. duration 5. adverb 6. time B. 1. ADV Charles drives too fast. _____ Charles drives a fast car. 2. ADV Planes fly low over our house. _____ I sat on a low stool. 3. ADV Chris and Melinda arrived late. _____ Late homework gets a lower grade. 4. _____ Eds a better athlete than Kyle. ADV Ed plays better than Kyle. C. 1. necessary 2. comfortably 3. obviously 4. really 5. surely 6. seriously 7. unbelievably 8. well 5 Verbs I (page 21) A. ACROSS: 1. agree 3. tense 4. irregular 6. Contractions 7. gerund DOWN: 1. action 2. helping 3. transitive 5. plural B. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. T 6. T 7. T 8. F 5 Verbs II (page 22) A. S H A L L I
T C E P R R U E T S U E F N T A P E V I T I S N A R T N N E V I T A R E P M I H E L L P P I N A G G C T E I
E R I D N F E I V N I I B J E C T I I T V R D I R E
UNIT TESTS
1 Nouns (page 17) A. ACROSS: 5. proper 7. masculine 8. collective DOWN: 1. plural 2. possessive 3. common 4. feminine 6. singular B. 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F C. 1. months of the year 2. common gender 3. vowel 4. close by 5. plural 6. first, second
B. 1. infinitive 2. Intransitive 3. future 4. indirect 5. present 6. negative 7. direct 8. imperative 9. helping 10. participle 11. shall 12. subject 6 Prepositions (page 23) A. ACROSS: 3. preposition 5. time 6. nouns DOWN: 1. adverb 2. direction 3. place 4. object B. 1. P 2. A 3. A 4. P C. 1. beside 2. place 3. without 4. during 5. of 6. toward 7. after 8. phrases
28
Basic English Grammar 2 Teachers Resource Guide Saddleback Educational Publishing Three Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 www.sdlback.com
7 Conjunctions (page 24) A. ACROSS: 3. purpose 6. sentences 7. lists DOWN: 1. conjunctions 2. reason 3. place 4. choice 5. time B. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T C. 1. as well as 2. until 3. or 4. but 5. because 6. As soon as 8 Sentences (page 25) A. ACROSS: 1. imperative 4. simple 6. tag 7. compound 8. question DOWN: 2. positive 3. statement 5. exclamation B. 1. verb 2. compound 3. Hannah 4. verbs 5. negative 6. which 7. conditional 8. negative
9 Direct and Indirect Speech (page 26) B. 1. No, thank you, Bob said. I dont care for A. ACROSS: 2. indirect 5. quotation 6. command another piece of pie. DOWN: 1. direct 3. report 4. pronoun 5. question 2. Kansas City, Missouri is just across the river from B. 1. that 2. ask 3. direct 4. questions 5. the same Kansas City, Kansas. 6. indirect 3. Ive noticed, Harold, that you havent been C. 1. Let me see your drivers license, following the rules. the policeman said to the motorist. 4. No! Jermaine screamed. Dont even think 2. Madison asked if she could play on our team. about opening that door! 5. Mom said your family is planning to visit 10 Punctuation and Capitalization (page 27) Ellis Island. A. ACROSS: 3. period 4. colon 5. quotation 6. Why, Kim asked, are you wearing your 6. apostrophe brothers jacket today? DOWN: 1. question 2. comma 3. punctuation 4. capital
A n s w e r Ke y
Basic English Grammar 2 Worktext
1 NOUNS
Page 10 Exercise 1 THINGS: stove ANIMALS: kangaroo, lion, elephant PLACES: theater, restaurant, museum, library PEOPLE: brother, builder, doctor, father Page 10 Exercise 2 1. I told (Uncle John) about my accident. 2. (Kim) and (Stephanie) wore masks at (Halloween). 3. The lawnmower is broken. 4. Were going to the movies tomorrow. 5. The lion is playing with one of its cubs. 6. My sisters favorite player is (David Beckham). 7. Im watching a videotape about the (Sahara Desert). 8. The tourists visited (Rome) and saw the (Colosseum). 9. Does this bus go to the stadium? 10. Were reading a story about a boy called (Harry Potter). Page 10 Exercise 3 Mr. Peters [P] lives in Maine [P] in a big house [C] by the sea [C]. He has three cats [C] and a dog [C]. He likes to travel to different countries [C]. Last Christmas [P], he went to Paris [P] and saw the Eiffel Tower [P]. He enjoyed eating French food [C] in nice restaurants [C]. Page 15 Exercise 4 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
COMMON PROPER NOUN NOUN
Page 16 Exercise 5 Our teacher [S] is a very nice lady [S]. Shes very kind to all the children [P] in the class [S] and she tells us very funny stories [P]. Yesterday, she told a story [S] about the animals [P] on a farm [S]. They all had a race [S]. The pigs [P] and sheep [P] ran faster than the ducks [P] and cows [P], but the heroes [P] of the story [S] were the mice [P]. They were faster than all the other animals [P], even though they had the shortest legs [P]! Page 16 Exercise 6 Three ladies in pink dresses took their babies for a walk in the zoo. They saw four giraffes, three hippos, two kangaroos and an elephant. They walked for so long that their feet became sore, so they sat down on a bench for a rest near some monkeys. The monkeys were playing with cardboard boxes and throwing sticks at each other. After a while, the ladies looked at their watches and decided it was time to go home. Page 18 Exercise 7 Mom took Kate, Rudy and Derrick to the zoo. The zoo was very busy. A crowd of people had gathered round the monkeys. One of the monkeys had a bunch of bananas. Watching the monkey eat made the children feel hungry. Mom took a loaf of bread and some slices/pieces of cheese out of the picnic hamper and everyone made sandwiches. After eating the sandwiches, the children had two pieces of chocolate each. Rudy wanted to give one piece to a monkey, but the zookeeper gave Rudy a very useful piece of advice. Monkeys may look friendly, but sometimes they are very fierce, he said. Page 19 Exercise 8 1. were 2. is 3. are 4. live 5. have 6. stays 7. are 8. plays 9. live 10. is Page 19 Exercise 9 1. galaxy 2. grain 3. ream 4. pinch 5. bushel 6. pair 7. scoop 8. drop
Page 21 Exercise 10 DOWN: 1. actor 2. waitress 4. wife 7. niece 8. uncle 11. gander ACROSS: 3. cow 5. woman 6. vixen 9. prince 10. emperor 12. mare 13. sister 14. queen 15. drake 16. wizard Page 23 Exercise 11 Peter is spending the day at Toms house. Peter likes Toms family. He especially likes Toms moms cooking! The boys play lots of games together. Toms sister doesnt like Tom and Peters games. She is playing by herself. Sometimes the boys games become so noisy that Mom tells them to go and play in the garden. Toms dog is in the garden, lying in the sunshine. Tom wants to play with the dog, but Peter is afraid of the dogs big teeth and long claws. At 7 oclock, Peters dad arrives in his car to take Peter home. Tom says he likes Peters dads new car. Peters dad says that hell take Tom for a ride in it sometime.
2 PRONOUNS
Page 29 Exercise 1 My name is Charlie. I have two brothers. They are both older than me. Sometimes they take me to the park and we play football together. I like playing football with them because they are very good. We are going to the park today. Would you like to come with us? We can all play together. Afterwards, you can come to my house if you want to. I think you will like my dad. He is very funny and he makes great pizzas. Do you like pizza? Page 30 Exercise 2 1. , myself 2. , himself 3. 4. , himself 5. 6. , themselves 7. 8. , yourselves 9. 10. Page 30 Exercise 3 Answers may vary.
Do you like cheese? They stood next to Niagara Falls. May I borrow your umbrella? The ambulance was driving very fast. Carl did not agree with them. She likes to visit Disneyland. Would you like some more water? The fog was very thick. May I invite Tom to join us? My car is very old.
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Page 31 Exercise 4 Henry and I went for a walk on the beach. Whats that over there? I asked. It looks like broken glass, said Henry. He gave me a bag. Put it in this, he said. I put the broken glass into the bag. Wed better put this in the trash, I said. He took the bag from me. You have to hold it like this, said Henry, so that you dont cut your hand. Page 31 Exercise 5 1. mine 2. ours 3. theirs 4. yours 5. hers 6. Hers 7. his, mine Page 31 Exercise 6 1. One 2. Many, few 3. another 4. Both 5. Several, no one
4 DETERMINERS
Page 51 Exercise 1 John lives in an apartment with his mom, dad and sister Katy. The apartment has three bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living room. Johns mom works in an office and his dad stays at (blank) home and looks after the apartment. He spends much of his time in the kitchen, preparing meals. John and Katy help their dad with the housework. John likes using the vacuum cleaner and Katy likes to sweep the floor. Dad gives John and Katy money when they help him. They usually spend the money on (blank) computer games! Page 51 Exercise 2 Sally is my [P] friend. We play together every [Q] day. I usually go to her [P] house to play. Her [P] parents are very nice, but she has two [N] brothers who sometimes spoil our [P] games. Last week, her [P] brothers pulled my [P] hair. Sallys mom was very angry with them. Stop behaving in that [D] rough way! she shouted. Im glad I dont have any [Q] brothers.
Page 61 Exercise 6 I like playing in our park because there are some great things to play on. Theres a big chute to slide on and a huge sandbox to play in. There are also some swings. Dogs are not allowed in the park so there are no dogs to bother us. Theres also a lot of space for us to run around. It sometimes gets hot because there arent many trees to give shade but theres a fountain where we can drink water . Its the best place in the town for children. There isnt another place as good as the park. Page 62 Exercise 7 2. This is my sister. Shes five. 3. Im not very interested in sports. 4. She isnt my best friend. Youre my best friend. 5. Cats arent as noisy as dogs. 6. Were busy doing our homework. 7. Shes busy cleaning the car in the garage. 8. Our teacher isnt very tall. 9. My parents arent home from work yet. 10. My friend isnt very good at math. Page 64 Exercise 8 1. Were going 2. Hes fixing 3. Im helping 4. are watching 5. is leaving 6. Theyre coming 7. Were painting 8. are dancing 9. is chasing 10. is tickling
3 ADJECTIVES
Page 34 Exercise 1 Sydney is a large [S] Australian [O] city with busy [Q] streets and expensive [Q] shops. In summer, its a very hot [Q] place. People wear cool [Q] clothes and drink cool [Q] drinks. There are beautiful [Q] sandy [Q] beaches where people can rest and look up at the wide [S] blue [C] sky. There are big [S] parks for tourists to visit. Japanese [O] tourists like to sit and watch other people. British [O] tourists take photographs of the strange [Q] plants and colorful [Q] birds.
5 VERBS AND TENSES

Page 56 Exercise 1 1. live 2. learn 3. go 4. like 5. sleep 6. buys 7. belong 8. walk 9. plays 10. reads
Page 64 Exercise 9 1. gives 2. is blowing 3. like 4. are trying 5. is beginning 6. eat 7. lets 8. go Page 34 Exercise 2 Page 56 Exercise 2 My friend Jeremy is a handsome tall boy. He always 1. speaks 2. comes 3. barks 4. brushes 5. touches 9. is rolling 10. knows wears a white long T-shirt and a big red cap. He carries 6. catches 7. mixes 8. tries 9. buys 10. annoys Page 68 Exercise 10 DOUBLE LAST CHANGE Y TO I a blue huge canvas bag to school. His favorite food is VERB + D LETTER + ED AND ADD ED VERB + ED red crunchy apples and he always has one in his bag. laughed lived pinned cried Page 57 Exercise 3 Our teacher is an English kind tall man called Mr. Clark. UNDERLINED INTRANSITIVE TRANSITIVE landed smiled grabbed hurried VERB VERB OBJECT VERB He wears a blue smart suit and glasses with black played raced hopped tried 2. work plastic thick frames. 3. closes Page 68 Exercise 11 tall handsome long white huge blue canvas 4. drives his car 1. whispered 2. hurried 3. returned crunchy red tall kind English smart blue 5. jumped 4. kissed, changed 5. tapped 6. cried thick black plastic 6. likes her new jeans 7. pinned 8. rushed 9. lived 10. lowered Page 38 Exercise 3 7. walks the dog Page 69 Exercise 12 2. pain 3. magic 4. juice 5. energy 6. friend 8. come It was a beautiful summers day and there wasnt 7. wood 8. mud 9. use 10. beauty 9. are skating a cloud in the sky. Mom, Dad and I were all in the 10. is making sandwiches Page 38 Exercise 4 garden. Dad was in the vegetable garden planting 11. went 2. excited 3. boring 4. worried 5. stolen some seeds and Mom and I were busy with other 12. buy our food 6. frozen 7. winning 8. broken jobs. The sun was hot and soon I was feeling very 13. found hiding place Page 42 Exercise 5 tired. Mom and Dad werent tired at all. They went 14. are learning English Paul likes playing football. Hes a very good player, but on working for a long time. I was glad when it was 15. was reading an interesting book his friend Sally is a better player. Shes the best player time to go inside and have a drink. 16. go in the whole school. She is faster and stronger than all Page 69 Exercise 13 17. is sleeping the boys, even the boys who are older and bigger than 1. lost 2. hurt, fell 3. broke 4. cost 5. got 18. pushed the cart her. Thats why Paul likes her. Paul thinks all games are 6. kept 7. showed 8. fell, broke 9. sold, bought exciting, but football is the most exciting game and its Page 60 Exercise 4 10. rang, went 11. caught 12. knelt 13. met Answers will vary. noisier than all the other games he plays with his 14. ran 15. wrote friends. When the grass is wet, everyone gets dirty Page 61 Exercise 5 Page 70 Exercise 14 when they play football. But Sally gets dirtier and 1. is 2. are 3. are 4. Are 5. is 1. were dancing 2. was sitting 3. was making wetter than everyone else. 6. Is 7. is 8. are 9. are 10. is 4. were laughing 5. were washing 6. was practicing Page 43 Exercise 6 7. was beating 8. were having Answers will vary. Page 43 Exercise 7 Answers will vary.
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Page 75 Exercise 15 1. has 2. has 3. have 4. have 5. has 6. has 7. have 8. have 9. have, has 10. have Page 76 Exercise 16 1. have made 2. have seen 3. have drunk 4. has hurt 5. has fallen 6. have gone 7. has had 8. have lost 9. has bought 10. has done Page 76 Exercise 17 1. broken 2. eaten 3. known 4. drawn 5. spoken 6. drunk 7. gone 8. done 9. been 10. fallen Page 79 Exercise 18 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Page 79 Exercise 19 Answers will vary. Page 82 Exercise 20 1. do 2. do 3. did 4. do 5. do 6. does 7. did 8. did 9. does 10. does, do Page 82 Exercise 21 1. doesnt 2. dont 3. doesnt 4. Dont 5. didnt 6. dont 7. didnt 8. didnt 9. dont 10. doesnt Page 86 Exercise 22 Answers will vary. Page 86 Exercise 23 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Page 87 Exercise 24 Answers will vary. Page 87 Exercise 25 Sentences will vary. The gerunds are: 2. painting 3. eating 4. sleeping 5. watching 6. baking 7. flying 8. cooking
Page 93 Exercise 5 1. They ought to stop making all that noise. Its disturbing people. 2. Mom says I ought to eat more vegetables. 3. We ought not to believe everything we see on television. 4. You ought to think more about other people and less about yourself. 5. Its getting late. I ought to go home now. 6. You ought to try your best. 7. You ought not to read letters that are addressed to other people. 8. Parents ought not to let their children go out after dark. 9. Students ought to wait outside the door until the head teacher tells them to come in. 10. Children ought to listen to the advice that their parents give them. Page 94 Exercise 6 2. must listen 3. mustnt believe 4. must read 5. must eat 6. mustnt go 7. mustnt steal 8. mustnt park 9. mustnt be 10. must (always) tell
Page 106 Exercise 2 2. during 3. toward 4. at 5. in 6. across 7. after 8. under 9. before 10. away from Page 107 Exercise 3 2. Which letter comes (after) D? 3. She found the missing ticket (under) the carpet. 4. We opened the cupboard and found nothing (in) it. 5. Mom keeps a family photograph (on) her desk. 6. Students mustnt talk (during) the exam. 7. Our vacation starts (on) Friday. 8. You can play outside (after) lunch. 9. We ran (inside) the house when it started to rain. 10. A plane flew (over) their heads. Page 107 Exercise 4 1. for 2. except 3. with 4. of 5. with 6. instead of 7. of 8. except 9. for 10. with Page 108 Exercise 5 2. 3. as 4. 5. 6. like 7. 8. than 9. 10.
7 ADVERBS AND ADVERB PHRASES

Page 98 Exercise 1 2. quietly 3. carefully 4. regularly 5. sadly 6. brightly 7. closely 8. clearly 9. quickly 10. firmly Page 99 Exercise 2 1. adverb 2. adjective 3. adjective 4. adverb 5. adverb 6. adjective 7. adjective 8. adverb 9. adverb 10. adjective Page 99 Exercise 3 2. We (start) our vacation next week. [T ] 3. Farah (read) the poem in a very clear voice. [M] 4. The accident (happened) during the afternoon. [T] 5. The man (walked) very slowly. [M] 6. My cousin (arrived) yesterday. [T] 7. I (left) my schoolbag in the car. [P ] [D] 8. It (stopped) raining for a few minutes. 9. Dad (goes) jogging regularly. [F ] [P ] 10. We (eat) our meals in the dining room. Page 100 Exercise 4 2. ever 3. for a week 4. this morning 5. outside 6. every day 7. on the bus 8. clearly 9. all day 10. already
9 CONJUNCTIONS
Page 115 Exercise 1 1. and 2. but 3. or 4. or 5. but 6. and 7. but 8. or Page 115 Exercise 2 2. I dont enjoy football, swimming or homework. 3. Shall we play tennis, read a book or watch TV? 4. Do you want to sit next to Peter, David or Sam? 5. We visited India, Japan and South Korea on our trip. 6. Mr. Carter likes classical music, pop music and jazz. 7. No one likes people who are rude, mean or cruel. 8. Dad has to make our breakfast, help us to get dressed and take us to school. Page 116 Exercise 3 2. We went to the supermarket but it was closed. 3. Take this milk and put it in the fridge. 4. We looked everywhere for the key but we couldnt find it. 5. I phoned you this morning but you werent at home. 6. Jim asked the teacher but she didnt know the answer. 7. Take a pencil and draw a picture of your favorite animal. 8. Is Susan the smartest student in the class or is Nicole smarter? 9. Do you think hell catch the ball or will he drop it? 10. We knocked at the door but nobody answered.
6 AUXILIARY VERBS
Page 91 Exercise 1 1. can 2. cant 3. can 4. cant 5. cant 6. cant 7. Can 8. cant Page 92 Exercise 2 2. wouldnt move 3. would buy 4. Would like 5. wouldnt work 6. would take 7. would stop 8. would help 9. would wait 10. would enjoy Page 92 Exercise 3 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Page 93 Exercise 4 2. should eat 3. shouldnt believe 4. should think 5. should go 6. should try 7. shouldnt read 8. shouldnt let 9. should wait 10. should listen
8 PREPOSITIONS
Page 106 Exercise 1 1. There was a sign above the door. 2. The ball rolled under a car. 3. She put the letter in her pocket. 4. Sam hid behind the fence. 5. Tuesday comes after Monday. 6. Mr. Shin is from Korea. 7. The train went through the station without stopping. 8. I left the book on the table. 9. My favorite TV program starts at six oclock. 10. Theres a path between the two houses.
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Page 117 Exercise 4 2. He took his new toy to school so he could show it to his friends. 3. Put on your apron before you start to paint. 4. The children played in the garden while their dad cooked dinner. 5. Wear your boots in case the ground is muddy. 6. You can watch a video as soon as youve done your homework. 7. There was a mark on the carpet where I had spilled the juice. 8. Cook the pasta until it is soft enough to eat. 9. Go to bed early so youre not tired in the morning. 10. Its been six months since I last saw my cousin.
10 SENTENCES
Page 121 Exercise 1 2. interrogative 3. exclamatory 4. declarative 5. imperative 6. interrogative 7. imperative 8. interrogative Page 121 Exercise 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. imperative declarative interrogative imperative exclamatory exclamatory declarative
TRANSITIVE INTRANSITIVE VERB VERB
Page 126 Exercise 6 2. If we dont leave now, well be late. Well be late if we dont leave now. 3. If you dont write neatly, I wont be able to read your story. I wont be able to read your story if you dont write neatly. 4. If you dont want to see this movie, well choose a different movie. Well choose a different movie, if you dont want to see this movie. 5. The plants will die if you dont water them. If you dont water them, the plants will die. 6. If we all work together, well finish the job more quickly. Well finish the job more quickly if we all work together. 7. If you let me explain, Ill tell you what happened. Ill tell you what happened if you let me explain. 8. If I need help, Ill ask Mom and Dad. Ill ask Mom and Dad if I need help. Page 127 Exercise 7 2. John isnt / is not my best friend. 3. I havent got / have not got / dont have / do not have a new bike. 4. Nobody knows where I live. 5. There isnt any / Theres no food in the fridge. 6. I didnt / did not see the boy throw the stone. 7. We dont / do not want to go to the ballgame. 8. Sam never tells the truth. Page 131 Exercise 8 2. Can she speak Japanese? 3. Is Margaret at home? 4. Does your mom work in an office? 5. Did the teacher tell the children a story? 6. Has Philip got a new bike? 7. Is she Sumikos best friend? 8. Could Tom sit with David? 9. Will Dad help Jennifer with her homework? 10. Will we be late? Page 132 Exercise 9 2. Who 3. What 4. What 5. When 6. How 7. Why 8. Whose 9. What 10. How 11. Who 12. When 13. Whose 14. Which 15. Where Page 133 Exercise 10 2. is it? 3. isnt she? 4. can he? 5. havent you? 6. arent I? 7. wasnt it? 8. did they? 9. should we? 10. couldnt she? 11. wasnt there? 12. has she? 13. must we? 14. isnt there? 15. werent there? 16. cant we? 17. will it? 18. arent I? 19. arent they? 20. did you?
11 DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

Page 137 Exercise 1 2. looked 3. had 4. was 5. could 6. would 7. was 8. had 9. was 10. didnt Page 138 Exercise 2 2. my 3. their 4. his 5. his 6. I 7. their 8. they 9. he 10. we Page 139 Exercise 3 2. Dad asked the plumber when he would finish the work. 3. The teacher told the children to open their books. 4. Mom told Maggie to turn the music down. 5. Uncle David asked/told Tom to take his shoes off at the door. 6. Michael asked me if (or whether) I had read the Harry Potter books. 7. Jenny asked Peter if (or whether) he would like some more orange juice. 8. The principal told the children not to be rude to their teacher. 9. Miss Lee told everyone to write their name at the top of the page. 10. The woman asked the boys if (or whether) the ball belonged to them.
12 PUNCTUATION
Page 147 Exercise 1 1. . 2. ? 3. ! 4. ., ? 5. !, ? 6. . 7. !, ! 8. ? 9. ? 10. ! Page 147 Exercise 2 1. This food is delicious, isnt it? 2. Hello, David. Have you seen Toms new bike? 3. Good morning, children, said Miss Lee. 4. I cant speak French very well. 5. Excuse me, Mr. Chen. Could you help me with this question, please. 6. Sams mom bought rice, eggs and flour. 7. Yes, thank you. Ive had a lovely day. 8. Shes my big brothers girlfriend. Page 148 Exercise 3 1. Have you seen Mr. Chen? 2. Can I help with the cooking, Mom? 3. We went to Paris for a holiday. 4. Do you like my new car? asked Uncle David. 5. We visited New York and saw the Statue of Liberty. 6. My friend doesnt speak English. 7. They spent Christmas in London. 8. We went to the library on Thursday. 9. Were you born in June or July? 10. Have you read The Lord of the Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien? 11. Theyre going to Italy next summer. 12. Have a good day, Mrs. Park.
ISBN-10: 1-59905-204-0 ISBN-13: 978-1-59905-204-5
Dad is baking bread. We buy our food at the supermarket. We are learning English. Come with me now. The children went to bed.
Page 122 Exercise 3 2. us (I); a chocolate cake (D) 3. the road (D) 4. me (I); that pencil (D) 5. Sam (I); a letter (D) 6. your name (D) 7. her students (I); advice (D) 8. Dad (I); a watch (D) Page 122 Exercise 4 Answers will vary. Page 125 Exercise 5
SIMPLE SENTENCE COMPOUND SENTENCE CONJUNCTION
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
and and or
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Tea cher s Resource Guide

Development and Production: Laurel Associates, Inc.

ANSWER KEY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

First Street game

honesty Super Bowl

singular noun: names one person, place, or thing (box, child)

1. house _______________________ 2. bush ________________________ 3. child ________________________ 4. library ______________________

5. sandwich __________________________ 6. duty ______________________________ 7. radio _____________________________

____ sow ____ ram ____ niece

____ grandfather ____ king ____ lassie

____ swarm ____ witch ____ community

____ waitress ____ team ____ husband

A possessive noun shows ownership. To show ownership, simply add s to singular

1. rabbit _______________________ 2. James ______________________ 3. teenagers ___________________

4. aunt ______________________________ 5. Charles ____________________________ 6. musicians __________________________

_____ _____ _____ _____

A reflexive pronoun refers to the subject of the verb. (myself, yourselves)

A possessive pronoun shows ownership. (hers, his)

A demonstrative pronoun points out certain things. (this, those)

An interrogative pronoun asks questions. (which, what)

1. ______ several 2. ______ who 3. ______ none

4. ______ what 5. ______ whom 6. ______ anybody

7. ______ most 8. ______ each 9. ______ both

Adjectives and Determiners

An adjective describes a noun or pronoun. It gives more information about

1. a flat tire _____ (brick wall, silk shirt)

2. a tiny crumb _____

3. an average student _____

To compare two people or things, add -er to most adjectives. To compare

1. slow 2. friendly 3. difficult

__________________________ __________________________ slowest slower __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________

The comparative and superlative forms of some adjectives are irregular.

1. bad 2. little 3. far

__________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________

1. ______ drives carefully 2. ______ arrived early

3. ______ very ugly 4. ______ too often

5. ______ very well 6. ______ always busy

4. _____ tiptoed silently 5. _____ perfectly arranged 6. _____ already received

1. _____ Never eat green apples. 2. _____ Sit down anywhere.

Some adverbs are used to add emphasis to verbs, adjectives, and

1. Emily wrote a poem. 2. It rains every day.

3. The lions growl fiercely. _____ 4. Ed has many friends. _____

1. He took his medicine. __________ 2. We like scary movies. __________

4. She leaves next week. __________

1. make ____________ 2. break ____________ 10

3. know ____________ 4. go ____________

An infinitive is a verb form, often preceded by to, that is used as a noun or

1. _____ To wait in line is boring. 2. _____ Please listen closely.

3. _____ Dont peek at the answers. 4. _____ I have a magazine to read.

A gerund is the -ing form of a verb thats used as a noun or adjective.

1. _____ Anthony enjoys fishing. 2. _____ Gossiping is a bad habit.

3. _____ We played a guessing game. 4. _____ Ivy is a climbing plant.

1. Why ( shall / must ) I eat now? 2. (Will / Shall ) we dance?

3. He ( ought to / may ) respect his mom. 4. Why ( should / shall ) I apologize? 11

A preposition is a word that links a noun or a pronoun to another part of a sentence.

A preposition may be used with an adjective (good at ), a verb (divided into), or a

A conjunction is a word used to link other words, phrases, or sentences.

A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought. A sentence

A conditional sentence talks about something that is possible, but depends on

Direct and Indirect Speech

1. My brother is sick, Ken said.

Punctuation and Capitalization

C. Circle the word or words that correctly complete each sentence.

1. house _ 2. bush 3. child 4. library

5. sandwich 6. duty 7. radio _____

sow ram niece

grandfather king lassie

swarm witch community

waitress team husband

1. rabbit ___ 2. James 3. teenagers _

4. aunt ____ 5. Charles 6. musicians

___ _ _ ___

1. several 2. who 3. __ none

4. what 5. whom 6. __ anybody

7. most 8. each 9. __ both

slowest slower

1. drives carefully 2. arrived early

3. very ugly 4. too often

5. very well 6. always busy

4. ___ tiptoed silently 5. _ perfectly arranged 6. ___ already received

1. _ Never eat green apples. 2. _ Sit down anywhere.

3. The lions growl fiercely. _ 4. Ed has many friends. _

1. He took his medicine. 2. We like scary movies.

1. make 2. break 10

3. know 4. go

1. _ To wait in line is boring. 2. _ Please listen closely.

3. _ Dont peek at the answers. 4. _ I have a magazine to read.

1. _ Anthony enjoys fishing. 2. _ Gossiping is a bad habit.

3. _ We played a guessing game. 4. _ Ivy is a climbing plant.

1. (China) a costume 2. (Spain) a dictionary

3. (France) perfume 4. (Hawaii) pineapple

1. (juice) a peach 2. (create) a person

3. (style) a suit 4. (nation) a holiday