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Introduction A to L TEX Arun Anirudhan V Introduction

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A Introduction to LTEX

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Arun Anirudhan V1
SCTIMST

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25-11-2011

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1 Engineer-C, DTL. arun.anirudhan@nitc.ac.in

Arun Anirudhan V

A Introduction to L TEX

Outline
Introduction A to L TEX Arun Anirudhan V Introduction
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1 Introduction

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2 Section Headings

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3 Equations and Maths Mode

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4 Lists 5 Tables 6 Figures 7 BibTeX
Arun Anirudhan V
A Introduction to L TEX

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Introduction
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A What is LTEX?

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A computer program (TEX- pronounced similar to tech) for typesetting documents. It takes a computer le, prepared according to the rules of A LTEX, and converts it to a PDF. D. E. Knuth and L. B. Lamport FREE

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A Figure 1: The LTEXproduction chain

So...
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Pros
Separation of content and style. Quality. Its available for many machines. The typesettings better, especially the maths. LaTeX is extensible. If you want a new feature, you can look around for a free add-on or write one yourself. LaTeX is stable. It does not crash much and has low machine memory requirements. Microsoft Word, especially with large documents, requires both memory and speed. LaTeX software packages are forward and backward compatible. Automatic gure positioning is far more ecient in LaTeX than in Microsoft Word. Text Books, Poems, Music Notations, Presentations (Beamer),.... If you are in academia, you really ought to be using it! Anybody writing anything maths related will not nd a richer and better quality system. For example, even WikiPedia use LaTeX for rendering any formulas that appear on their site.

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A Introduction to L TEX

So...
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Cons
LaTeX is very fussy. A trivial mistake may mean that no output is generated and many error messages are displayed. You will need to check the error logs, x the problem and recompile. Without a WYSIWYG (What-You-See-Is-What-You-Get) front end, its not always easy to nd out how to do things. Font selection is dicult compared to selection in Word. LaTeX encourages (almost insists on) structured writing and the separation of style from content. This is not the way that many people (especially non-programmers) are used to working.

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Dont Worry... You People concentrate on CONTENT, Rest part WE have taken care.

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Hello Program
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\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article} \begin{document} Hello, How are you all! \end{document} ------------------------------------hello.pdf

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Special Characters
Introduction A to L TEX Arun Anirudhan V Introduction
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Most characters on the keyboard, such as letters and numbers, have their usual meaning. However the characters: \#$%& {}
Special meaning. Put a \ before these characters, except for \. Use \backslash. New paragraph. Quotation marks and dashes.

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\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article} \begin{document} \section{Section Headings} We explain in this section how to obtain headings for the various sections and subsections of our document. \subsection{Headings in the article Document Style} In the article style, the document may be divided up into sections, subsections and subsubsections, and each can be given a title, printed in a boldface font, simply by issuing the appropriate command. \subsubsection{This is a subsubsection} A new paragraph in subsubsection. \end{document} ------------------------------------second.pdf
Arun Anirudhan V
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\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article} \begin{document} \tiny{This text is tiny.} \scriptsize{This text is scriptsize.} \footnotesize{This text is footnotesize.} \small{This text is small.} \normalsize{This text is normalsize.} \large{This text is large.} \Large{This text is Large.} \LARGE{This text is LARGE.} \huge{This text is huge.} \Huge{This text is Huge.} \end{document} ------------------------------------three.pdf

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Cholesterylacetate + H2 O CholesterolEsterase Cholesterol + AceticAcid Cholesterol + O2 CholesterolOxidase Cholesten 3 one + H2 O2 2H2 O2 + Phenol + 4 aminoantipyrene Peroxidase Quinoneaminedye H2 O+ H2 O++ r2 $H_2O^+$ $H_2O^{++}$ $\pi r^2$ \begin{equation} \label{eq1} Cholesteryl acetate + H_2O Cholesterol + Acetic Acid \end{equation}
Arun Anirudhan V

(1) (2) (3)

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\underrightarrow{Cholesterol Esterase}

A Introduction to L TEX

Greek Letters
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Table 1: Greek Letters

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\alpha \beta \gamma \delta \epsilon \zeta \eta \theta

\iota \kappa \lambda \mu \nu \xi o \pi

\rho \sigma \tau \upsilon \phi \chi \psi \omega

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Mathematical Symbols
Introduction A to L TEX Arun Anirudhan V Introduction
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Table 2: Mathematical Symbols

\forall \exists \int \pm \sim \leftarrow \Uparrow \infty \triangle \oint \leq \equiv \rightarrow \Longleftrightarrow \sum \prod \partial \geq \cong \Leftarrow \rightleftharpoons

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Simple Program
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\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article} \begin{document} The foundations of the rigorous study of \textit{analysis} were laid in the nineteenth century, notably by the mathematicians Cauchy and Weierstrass. Central to the study of this subject are the formal definitions of \textit{limits} and \textit{continuity}. Let $D$ be a subset of $\bf R$ and let $f \colon D \to \textbf{R}$ be a real-valued function on $D$. The function $f$ is said to be \textit{continuous} on $D$ if, for all $\epsilon > 0$ and for all $x \in D$, there exists some $\delta > 0$ (which may depend on $x$) such that if $y \in D$ satisfies \[ |y - x| < \delta \] then \[ |f(y) - f(x)| < \epsilon. \] One may readily verify that if $f$ and $g$ are continuous functions on $D$ then the functions $f+g$, $f-g$ and $f.g$ are continuous. If in addition $g$ is everywhere non-zero then $f/g$ is continuous. This is a good example. \end{document} -------------------------------------

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one.pdf Arun Anirudhan V

A Introduction to L TEX

Fractions
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Fractions of the form The function f is given by

numerator denominator .

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f (x) = 2x + for all real numbers x.

x 7 x2 + 4

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The function $f$ is given by \[ f(x) = 2x + \frac{x - 7}{x^2 + 4}\] for all real numbers $x$.

Arun Anirudhan V

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Roots
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Square Roots

expression.

The roots of a quadratic polynomial ax 2 + bx + c with a = 0 are given by the formula b b 2 4ac 2a The roots of a quadratic polynomial $a x^2 + bx + c$ with $a \neq 0$ are given by the formula \[ \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a} \]

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The roots of a cubic polynomial of the form x 3 3px 2q are given by the formula
3

q+

q2 p3 +

q2 p3

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A Introduction to L TEX

where the values of the two cube roots must are chosen so as to ensure that their product is equal to p.

Lists
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A LTEX, provides the following list environments:

enumerate for numbered lists, itemize for un-numbered lists, description for description lists

Numbered lists are produced using

One Two 3 Three
1 2

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Numbered lists are produced using \begin{enumerate} \item One \item Two \item Three \end{enumerate}
Arun Anirudhan V
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Un-numbered lists are produced using

One Two Three

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Un-numbered lists are produced using \begin{itemize} \item One \item Two \item Three \end{itemize}

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Description lists (for glossaries etc.) are produced: We now list the denitions of open ball, open set and closed set in a metric space. open ball The open ball of radius r about any point x is the set of all points of the metric space whose distance from x is strictly less than r ; open set A subset of a metric space is an open set if, given any point of the set, some open ball of suciently small radius about that point is contained wholly within the set; closed set A subset of a metric space is a closed set if its complement is an open set.
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We now list the definitions of \emph{open ball}, \emph{open set} and \emph{closed set} in a metric space. \begin{description} \item[open ball] The \emph{open ball} of radius~$r$ about any point~$x$ is the set of all points of the metric space whose distance from $x$ is strictly less than $r$; \item[open set] A subset of a metric space is an \emph{open set} if, given any point of the set, some open ball of sufficiently small radius about that point is contained wholly within the set; \item[closed set] A subset of a metric space is a \emph{closed set} if its complement is an open set. \end{description}

Arun Anirudhan V

A Introduction to L TEX

Tables
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Tables can be produced using the tabular environment. For example, The rst ve International Congresses of Mathematicians were held in the following cities: Chicago Zurich Paris Heidelberg Rome U.S.A. Switzerland France Germany Italy 1893 1897 1900 1904 1908

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The first five International Congresses of Mathematicians were held in the following cities: \begin{center} \begin{tabular}{lll} Chicago&U.S.A.&1893\\ Zurich&Switzerland&1897\\ Paris&France&1900\\ Heidelberg&Germany&1904\\ Rome&Italy&1908 \end{tabular} \end{center}

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l r c | p{width} \hline

species a column of left-justied text species a column of right-justied text species a column of centered text inserts a vertical line between columns species a left-justied column of the given width draws an horizontal line

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Figures
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Figure 2: BMT Wing

\begin{center} \begin{figure} \includegraphics[scale=.25]{bmt.jpg} \caption{BMT Wing} \label{fig1} \end{figure}\end{center}
Arun Anirudhan V
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Specier h

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t b p ! H

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Permission Place the oat here, i.e., approximately at the same point it occurs in the source text (however, not exactly at the spot). Position at the top of the page. Position at the bottom of the page. Put on a special page for oats only. Override internal parameters Latex uses for determining good oat positions. Places the oat at precisely the location in the LaTeX code.

Use of label: Cross Referencing.

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As shown in gure 2, we see the garden from BMT Wing palace.

As shown in figure \ref{fig1}, we see the garden from BMT Wing palace.

Arun Anirudhan V

A Introduction to L TEX

BibTeX
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BibTeX is reference management software for formatting lists of references. The BibTeX tool is typically used together with the LaTeX document preparation system.
@article{mohan2010growth, title={Growth factor-mediated effects on chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in 3D semi-IPN poly (vinyl alcohol)--poly (caprolactone) scaffolds}, author={Mohan, N. and Nair, P.D. and Tabata, Y.}, journal={Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A}, volume={94}, number={1}, pages={146--159}, year={2010}, publisher={Wiley Online Library} }

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A Introduction to L TEX

BibTeX.....
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\documentclass{article} \usepackage{harvard} \begin{document} Here is how cross referencing of references work, these are publications by \cite{misra2008additional}, \cite{misra2008unusual}, \cite{PubMed_21918157} and \cite{PubMed_17418741}. \bibliographystyle{agsm} \bibliography{Satyajeet1} \end{document}

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BibTeX.....
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@Article{ PubMed_21918157, url = "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21918157", issn = "1526-7598", volume = "113", number = "5", year = "2011", month = nov, journal = "Anesth Analg", title = "Echo rounds: false tendons and accessory papillary muscle in the left ventricle.", pages = "1016--8", author = "Satyajeet Misra and Thomas Koshy and Soumendu Pal", affiliation = "DNB, PDCC, Department of Anesthesiology, Flat B-6, NFH, SCTIMST Institute Quarters, Poonthi Rd., Kumarapuram, Trivandrum, Kerala-695011, India. misrasatyajeet@gmail.co." }

Arun Anirudhan V

A Introduction to L TEX

Acknowledgement
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Our Director. My SIC, Mr. Muraleedharan CV. Sharma Sir, Renuka Madam... IT Division, BMT Wing. Viola, Dawlee, Vidhya, Manju and Lynda..... For their Constructive Criticism.... CSED, NITC. My friends.... For their support....

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A Introduction to L TEX

References
Introduction A to L TEX Arun Anirudhan V Introduction
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References
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] LaTeX, http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX accessed on November 25, 2011. Online tutorials on LaTeX, http://amath.colorado.edu/documentation/LaTeX/tutorial/ accessed on November 25, 2011. BibTeX, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BibTeX accessed on November 25, 2011. LaTeX Math Symbols, http://web.ift.uib.no/Teori/KURS/WRK/TeX/symALL.html accessed on November 25, 2011. Google Scholar, http://scholar.google.co.in/ accessed on November 25, 2011. TeXMed - a BibTeX interface for PubMed, http://www.bioinformatics.org/texmed/ accessed on November 25, 2011. An introduction to LaTeX, http://www.latex-project.org/intro.html accessed on November 25, 2011. LaTeX isnt for everyone but it could be for you, http://www.osnews.com/story/10766/LaTeX_ isn_t_for_everyone_but_it_could_be_for_you/page1/ accessed on November 25, 2011.

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Arun Anirudhan V

A Introduction to L TEX