The Silver JubileeCelebration of Lay-Ein-Su Village,

Ma-U-Bin Township, Ayeyawady Division, Myanmar

Guide to life:
Magala Literature Class
First Grade Magala Examination
Lay Ein Su Ashin Vicittasra
Translation: U Han Htay (B.A)
Try To Learn Civilised Ways of Magala This Training Makes Rude Ones Civilised
This Gift of Dhamma Is To Extend The Area of Magala Teaching,
As A Mark Of The Silver Jubilee
6-3-2004
The Buddha's Strong Advice
" Ugganu nanda Ima Magalapariyyam Uganitva bhikkhu Vcehi"
nanda! Let all bhikkhus and lay persons learn this Magala Sutta Dhamma after you
have totally learned this.
-The Holy Buddha Sutta Nipata (cmy 2-36).
The above urge of the Buddha should be followed by putting Magala into practice and
then all teachers and well-wishes should join hand in hand to keep Magala in perpetuation
and to spread in other are with great sincere effort.
Magalas are to learn, to teach, to study
Magala by Memorization, development and practice
Thus one's thought, word and act are noble
This Magala Culture Is The Best In Life
-Lay-Ein-Su Ashin Wicittasra.
Acknowledgement
We extend our acceptance of gratitude to all teachers, supporters and laity who offer
four requiresities for this book.
Also we are in deep depth of gratitude to all well-wishers and supporters giving help
materially and spiritually in many respects to make this book possible to print and distribute.
-Lay-Ein-Su Ashin Vicittasra.
22.8.94
May 38 Virtues remain for a long time.
May all try their efforts to perpetuate them steadily.
May all their efforts crown with
success and may they get happiness.
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The Buddha's Strong Advice
" Ugganu nanda Ima Magalapariyyam Uganitva
Bhikkhu Vcehi"
nanda! Let all bhikkhus and lay persons learn this Magala Sutta Dhamma after you
have totally learned this.
-The Holy Buddha Sutta Nipata (cmy 2-36).
The above exhortation of the Buddha should be practicel. Then all teachers and well-
wishers should join hand in hand to keep Magala in perpetuation and to spread in others with
great sincere effort.
Magalas are to learn, to teach, to study
Magala by Memorization, Development and Practice
Thus one's thought, word and act are noble.
This Magala Culture Is The Best In Life.
-Lay Ein Su Ashin Wicittasra.
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CONTENTS
1. Advice And Urge...
2. What is Buddha's Dhamma?
3. Guide to teachers to teach in Magala classes.
4. Saying Homage Words is opening lecture.
5. Magala Sutta and sounds.
6. Magala Suttapali, Myanmar,
Poetry and those who become Magalas.
7. First Gth , Pli-Myanmar-English-Poetry.
8. Second Gth
9. Third Gth
10. Fourth Gth
11. Fifth Gth
12. Sixth Gth
13. Seventh Gth
14. Eight Gth
15. Ninth Gth
16. Tenth Gth
17. Ways To Achive Welfare And Progress The study and lesson of Buddha's life.
18. Seven-day subject in Buddha's Biography.
19. Extracts from Illustated Biography of Buddha.
20. Examples To Be Imitated From Lessons of Buddha's Life.
21. Notes on Buddha's Biography.
22. The geneology of Buddha; His Ancestors. General Data
23. First Grade Buddha'a Life Questions
24. Questions Form Lay-Ein-Su Magala Test (First Grade).
25. YMBA Magala Test (First Grade) old questions.
26. Admonitions For Cultured Living
27. Outward Culture
28. Suggestions For Holding Magala Examination
29. Forms Applications To Sit For Magala And Buddha-wamsa
30. Remarke On The Magala Truths
31. Oksa Supplication in Detail
32. Meaning of Three Holy Gems In Pli and Translation
33. How To offer Alms -food and
flowers to Buddha Image; To offer light and to say noble wishes
34. Sharing Of Merits To All
35. Ten Punyakiriya causes of wholesomeness
36. Subject Question on Culture Conduct And Answer On Religion Affairs
37. Work To Sasarna Perpetuation Propargation
38. Benefits of observing Five Moral Precepts
39. 38 Magala Factors in Particulars
40. Let Us Say To Our Myanmar Relatives
41. Myanmar Blood And Love of Relatives
42. To shun drug and intoxicants is one grade Magala
43. Among Virtues, Missionary Work Is The Greatest
44. Admonitions To Remember Always
45. Bibliography
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Suggestion and Story Advice
In this world those who are desirous to become king is called " prospect or Coming king
(Min Loung): Similarly, those who will become evils are termed "wicked persons in the fu-
ture" while the budding good persons is rightly termed the "Future Good Persons".
In our neighbourhood and society, there are many young children, boys and girls. If
they are left untrained by monks, teachers, elders, they will become future criminals" exactly.
If these future evils will become adults and then they have to supervise public affairs,
the whole country will not remain in peace as rule and regulations were neglected by them at
every level.
Therefore, peace and tranquility must be won by good, able, efficient persons who are
now in embryo state. They need to attend Magala training classes conducted by monks ,
elders and parents; today urgently conducted by monks elders and parents. Strong morality is
essential to everyone. This responsibility should be taken, if knowledge is reached by each
individual to give every kind of support in this work.
In this manner if help is given in each case and inspired work is done, the youngsters
will no doubt behave properly. Progress in morality can be seen in the future. Consequently,
with such efforts and praises , we can witness peace and happiness in homes, quarters, vil-
lages, towns and divisions, so the whole region will be blessed with law and order.
The youths should also try to follow Magala principles with the practical benefits
that-
(1) The old, noble Buddha's teaching will endure
(2) Buddha's tribes will remain alive
(3) Buddha's Culture (Myanmar Culture) will not disappear in the world.
Indeed this is true. Magala teaching is the lifeblood of the Buddha. Magala guides are
the basic Buddhism which if neglected and disappeared, will also mean the good old tradition
has been lost. So, all Myanmar Buddhists need to know that the Magala are the true essences
of Buddha's Tipitaka Scripture 3 (canons). Magala Sutta is the fundamantal pillar of Pli
canon which is Tipitaka .
The fact that Magala Sutta is the gist of the whole Tipitaka is mentioned by the Nyaungdon
Shwe Hintha Sayadaw who wrote in his treatise as " This Magala is the essences of three
Pitakas". Let this be taken to heart. So in Magala Sutta all aspects of Buddha's teachings can
be found comprehensively.
Therefore,
- Let all Bhikkhus and teachers try to avoid prospective criminals in the heart of youths and
students ; try to make them become good adults.
- As the parents, they should prevent them indulge in evil; but to sow the seed of good
conduct while in young state well - versed in Magala Culture by attending the Magala
Classes.
By these means, we all can
(1) Prevent the disappearance of Buddha Dhamma
(2) Prevent the Buddhist racial genes atom
(3) Prevent Buddha's Noble Culture from decay and loss.
-Lei In Su Ashin Wicittasra.
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By teaching Dhamma Literature,
Is Giving the Highest Gift To All.
"Sabbadnehi Dhammadnameva Settha"
In this way you should teach at least one gth to one person: this good deed is better
and more beneficial than giving alms food, offering robe , building monastery , presenting
medicine etc. If surpasses all Dna deeds because it is the foundation or cause of other gift ;
also it is the greatest necessity to teach,learn, study the Dhamma in order to get supramundane
Magga, Phala and Nibbna: one only because and Aoiyc by getting Dhamma Truths and other
benefits.
Therefore, the first Dara, the teaching. A Summons truths (offering of Dhamma) should
be densed to the best of an ability.
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What is Buddha Bs (Buddhism)?
The term " Buddha" means the most pure person, the best Person. The term "Bs"
means the teaching of the unique Buddha and Buddhist are who is practising the disciples of
Dhamma.
Buddha is the most remarkable one
Bs=ism is His teachings
If one is practising Dhamma
He becomes a Buddhist
Those to become true Buddhist must
(1)Know the life of Buddha essentially
(2)Know the meanings of his teachings
(3)Follow the basic methods
We note that other believers of religions do energetic call doing social service to provide
their progress of respective religion, we as Buddhists should move forward with every good
effort: no one must live in ease by neglecting the Noble Teaching.
Therefore, for the Buddhists we need
(1) to know the biography of the Buddha, to know who is Buddha in essence: study this
subject well
(2) in order to understand this Noble Teaching at least Magala Dhamma should be
well-understood if other deep subjects are kept for futher study : Magala gives mundane and
supramundane benefits in this very life. Thus may each individual ease the burden of his or
her duty to make both welfares possible in pratical way.
-Lei Ein Su Buddhist Association.
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Guides To Teachers in
Magala Dhamma
1. First of all, students should learn the introductory verse at the begining and also recite five
vows by keeping hands on their heads.
2. Try to recite and learn to get correct pronunciaton of Magala Pli. If they feel tired, the
verse at the later sections (culture poetry) should be memorized with explanations by
teacher. Then only Pli Magala should be taught again.
3. After teaching Pli Version later on, give Myanmar Translation and Magala poetry as
mentioned in the text book till they are well-memorized.
4. Put numerals (serial numbers) for each Magala and make two groups of students : try
first group to say (one) and let the other reply "Asevanca blna" and so on. The two
groups should change the question and answer type in other round.
5. Similarly the Pli-Myanmar version should be asked and answer by both groups. One sen-
tence should be said at least five times. Thus the first group should say (Asevanca blna)
while the second group recite traslation in Myanmar(Don't mix with a fool). Each group
needs a test to have a good training.
6. Similarly as regard the Pli verse and Myanmar Poetry, the first one should recite. Asevanca
blna to the end of this Pli stanza. Another group should in turn do the same in the
same way.
7. Now , at these steps all students should be taugtht Pli-Myanmar Poetry (3 items) one by
one in a single whole and then let them recite the complete sentence: let thus read the
heading of a Pli-Myanmar: Poetry sections and let them answer the meaning of a question
what happens to one who associates with a fool? What Magala he destroys etc?
8. The section under " Those who Attain Magala can be taught although in tatain no test will
be made , let them learn by heart.
9. Those who want English translation with Magala and " Remarks On Magala" section is
not be taught as they are inserted for general reading for those who specially want to
know English version.
10.When life of Buddha is taught eg.(verse Thon-Iu-shin-pin) should be learnt section by
section and let them read their meaning too .(If they have no book , let a teacher tell and
explain the biography).
11.When Extract of Buddha's biography is taught show the illustations in (Yoke-Son-Buddha
Ssanwin) according to the serial number of events. (If there are no such books, kindly
secure and keep for use at YMBA or at some book shops.)
12.Before the completion of studies , to remember Pli words , it is necessary to give them
home work of some Pli selection and to works in their exercise book the Pli words such
as Asevanca blna and so on or blackboard can be used in a hall also for ten sentence
writing.
13.Before the final go out of class all students should stand up, hold hands clapsed rounds on
their heade and recite the Magala Poetry. Only then the class is dismissed.
14.After Examination held after the course those who pass should be honoured with suitable
prizes and gifts.
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LET US SPREAD THE SSANA
" Ssana punnavantassa
punnavantva labbhare"
"Those only who have spiritual and material power can give support to Buddha's teach-
ing with progressive effect,Welfare in Sasana is open to them and they do serve such availabity."
These Buddha's words show only the teacher of Magala classes get a rare chance of
missionaries by rare opportunity for higher persons, as desired from good deed (kamma).
Let all 38 Factors of Magala remember for a long time.
In this endeavour let no one get disappointment and carry on the job persistently.
Let good deeds of this crown with success .

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What is Magala?
Erasing of all evils, wrong deeds and promoting higher morality is called Magala.
Magal is methods of development and growth for present and future.
*Magala is erasing evils, practising noble deed to attain knowledge.
*Mangala is for development and growth which must be noted.
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Namo tassa bagavato arahato
samm-sanbuddhassa
e.ee ;a.q
Before the start of class recite-
1. I pay my homage to the Buddha with his supreme virtues , by my respectful behavior.
2. I pay my homage to the Dhamma with its supreme virtues, by my respectful behavior.
3. I pay my homage to the Sangha with supreme virtues,by my respectable behavior.
4. I pay my homage to my parents with gratitude , by my respectable behavior.
5. I pay my homage to my teachers with gratitues , by my respectable behavior.
ea:
By "Buddha" it means
Buddha Buddha, the most Holy Being,
The compassionate one on earth.
The gem Highest Buddha means he serves by
the best deeds for all living beings.
He is the most unique person among all because
he had practised ten perfections in full
in the best manner.
So to the Best One we pay our homage
we bow our humble heads in his honour and
glory (Put the head on the ground)
Buddha Carana Gacchmi, (Bow Your Head)
ae:
By "Dhamma" it means
The sermons and teachings of the Buddhas
as Noble, the Purest One.
Dhamma means putting out of the sea of
trouble homage to Dhamma purest Methods.
Dhamma Carana Gacchami; (Bow Your Head)
e::
By "Sangha" it means
The disciples and best followers of
the Buddha; Sangha (Bhkkhus) teach and learn,
rare duty for Buddha's Dhamma taken on all aspects.
So to the Sangha Order we pay our homage.
Sangha Carana Gacchmi; (Bow your Head)

e-:e:e. eae.e:e.
Magala school
This Magala school , this Magala school
in our village stands.
Let us, as Magala students,
ring the bell
Heaing the sound of bell, heart is clear in peace .
To make peaceful heart, let us ring the bell with
smiling face we struck the bell.
Buddha carana gacchmi,
Dhamma carana gacchmi,
Sangha carana gacchmi.
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Correct Posture of Homage Behavior
Five touches - leg - hand -forehead- arm,
knee- then with upraisad clasped hand
quickly touching eyelide hair edges,
homaging putting down both hands,
knees, arms, forehead.
This system is correct for deep homage.
e-:eeaag: _a
Five Vows Of Magala Youths
1. We put confidence and refuge in Buddha, Dhamma, Sangha the most incomparable unique
three gem stark life as we rely on our Best Ratan.
2. We obey and give respect to the instructions of father, mother, teacher, elder with due
regard we must show.
3. We will try on best to avoid evil deeds and do good deeds with pure sincere mind.
4. We will show love, kindness, joy among human for the rest of our lives. We will show
these duties as our social relations.
5. We will try to propagate Magala Dhamma as much as we can.
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Magala Sutta Pli
ae.e _-:
Yam magala dvdasahi, Cintayisu sadevak,
Sotthna ndigachanti, Ahattisa ca Magala.
Desita Devadevena, Sabbappavinsana,
Sabbalokahitatthya, Magala ta bama he.
a._e:.qe
Introductory Statement
Eva me suta.
Aka samaya Bhagav Svatthi -ya viharati Jetavane Anthapihikassa rme.
Atha kho aatar devat abhikkam tya rattiy abhikkantava kevalakappa
Jetavana obhsetv, yena Bhagav tenupa sakami upasakamitv Bhagavanta abhi
vdetv ekamanta ahsi; eka-manta hit kho s devat Bhagavamta Gthya ajjhbhsi.
e-:q:.e:e.
Request To Deliver Magala Dhamma
Bah dev manuss ca, magalni acintayu,
khakhamn sotthna, brhi magala-muttama.
-_e: e-:q:.e:
The 38 Greatest Virtues
(1) Asevan ca blna, Paitn ca sevan,
Pj ca pjaneyyna, Eta magala-muttama.
(2) Patirpadesavso ca, Pubbe ca katapuat,
Attasammpaidhi ca, Etam magala-muttaman.
(3) Bhusacca ca sippa ca, Vinayoca susikkhito,
Subsit ca y vc, Eta magala-muttama.
(4) Mtpitu-upahna, Puttadrassa sagaho,
Ankul ca kammant, Eta Magala-muttama.
(5) Dna ca dhammacariy ca, takna ca sagaho,
Anavajjni kammni, Eta magala-muttama.
(6) rat virat Pp, Majjapn ca sayamo,
Appamdo ca dhammesu, Eta magala-muttama.
(7) Gravo ca nivtoca, Satuhi ca kataut,
Klena dhammasavana, Eta magala-muttama.
(8) Khant ca sovacassat, Samana ca dassana,
Klena dhammaskacch, Eta magala-muttama.
(9) Tapo ca brahmacariya ca, Ariyasaccna dassana,
Nibbna-sacchikiriy ca, Eta magala-muttama.
(10) Phuhassa lokadhammehi, Citta yassa na kapati,
Asoka viraja khema, Eta magala-muttama.
The showing of Mangala Benefits
Etdisni katvna, sabbattha maparjit,
sabbattha sohi gacchanti, Ta tesa magala-muttama.
End of Magala Sutta.
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Introduction of Magala Sutta,
in Pli, Myanmar, poetry
The two praising verses
Pli
Ya magala dvdasahi, Cintayisu sadevak,
Sotthna ndigacchanti, Ahatisa ca Magala.
For twelve years men and devas tried in vain to discover the thirty-Eight Magalas-the
causes of welfare and happiness.
Desiti devadevena, Sabbappa-vinsana,
Sabbaloka-hitatthya, Magala ta banma he.
The Lord Buddha has expounded such a basis comprised in the Thirty-Eight Magalas-
the causes of welfare and happiness, witch can remove or destory all evils and bring about
prosperity and happiness for both men and devas. Let us now recite those Thirty-Eight
Magalas-the causes of welfare and happiness.
Introductory Statement
Eva me suta = I nanda has heard this from
(the Buddha)
Eka samaya = At one time
Bhagav = Buddha is
Svatthiya = In Savatthi Country
Viharati Jetavane Antha-
piikassa rme = Jetavana built by Anthapiika, dwelling there
Atha kho = At that time
Aatar devat = A certain deity
Abhikkantayaratthiya = after early night has passed (in midnight)
Abhikkantava = Lovely colour
(Kevalakappa = all Jetavana
Jetavana) Monastery
Obsetv = Light by bodily splendour
(Yena bhagav = approach near
tenupasakami) the Buddha
Upasakamitv = After approaching
(Bhagavanta
abhivdetv) = having make obesience
Ekamata Ahsi = stood at a suitable place
Ekamanta hitkho = This standing at that place
S devat = that deity
Gthya ajjhabhsi = told him by this verse
Ashin nanda Said; ''Thus have I heard'' At one time, the Blessed One was staying at
Jetavana monstery of Anthapiika in Svatthi. Then late at night, a certain Deva, lightening
up the whole jetavana with his surpassing beauty came to the Blessed One. Standing at a
suitable place, he respectfully addressed the Glorious One in this verse,-
Request To (Deliver Magala Dhamma)
Bah dev manuss ca, Magalni acintayu,
kakhamn Sotthna, Bruhi Magala-muttama.
(The Powerful Lord! All men and deities, wishing to get welfare and happiness thought
about Magalas . Lord! kindly instruct these Magalas-- the causes of welfare and happiness.)
Many men and devas, desiring happiness, have pondered on the question of Magalas-
the causes of welfare and happiness, But could not get the right answer. May you please O,
Venerable One! tell me what is the Magala--the cause of welfare and happiness.
Poetry of this Introduction
- Deities, men thought about what is Magala but in vain
Twelve-year duration, disputes swell
As views are many to differ
Thus both divine and laity considered this problem
- Three different faiths contend in conflict.
Seeing is Magala, hearing is Magala, experiencing is Magala.
Disagreement in definition and factors
Let disputes be solved, quarrels cease
Am to get rid of evil and happiness attain
Buddha is the best in holymen;
He taught this
Therefore teach, learn, practise memorize Magala!
- The Buddha was dwelling in Jetavana Monastery in Svatthi
At midnight a certain deva came
And request to teach what is Magala
Start with Asevancablna the Buddha delivered the Magala Dhamma
Listen, hear this in the world Magala.
_::.: . _..: ::s. .:_:a.:.
.a .a.a:
First Verse of Magala Sutta
1. Asevanca blna = Avoid company with fool
2. Paitna ca sevan = Associate with the wise
3. Pjca pujaneyana = Honour those who are worthy of honour
Eta Magala-muttama =This is Magala--The greatest cause of welfare and happiness.
(1) Not to associate with foolish, (2) To associate with wises, (3) To honour those worthy
of honour, this is the Mangala- the greatest cause of welfare and happiness.
Poetry
1. Fools are to be avoided, and then
2. Associate with the wise, good mixing too
3. Give respect and honour to three Ratana gems, parents and teachers: They are worthy of honour
The relative to do for welfere and happiness
They are for world Magalas as taught by the Buddha.
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The attainers of Magala
1. Those who do Asevanc blana
They do not make friendship with a fool, they avoid persons who have bad character;
They do not put him on leader position. Avoid robbers, thieves, liars, wicked persons, the
doers of harm. Avoid such evil persons and avoid the drinkers of liquor, drug-users, young
evil doers, breakers of law. By avoidance one gets this first Magala one becomes a good
person by Magala.
Persons who are Fools: those who associata them and so destory Good Magala.
If a person associates with a fool, the Avoidance Magala is destroyed. By mixing with
fools and giving him to high positions or leader status: a person is doing the opposite of first
Magala: he destroys Asevanca blna Magala.
Fool has the natures: evil thought, evil speech, and evil deed.
Note: It we try to get welfare and progress we get Magala.
But if we go opposite, downward, we destory Magala virtue (the good thing)
This Asevan ca blna Magala guides, advises and suggests all persons to avoid
copying evil ways or bad manners: so avoid association with the evil and the bad.
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2. Those who Are In
Paitnaca sevana Magala
The following persons are having this second Magala called ''Paitnaca sevan":
1.those who mix with good character; 2. those rely only on able, efficient, good teachers;
3.those who seek and associate with persons giving social services, serving the welfare of many;
4.those leaders who are qualified in both knowladge, technical skill and well-known in the
field of education and; 5.those persons who has good, soft, cultured minds, leading to follow
the ways of good sincere friends. Such persons are in deed call ''Pandita" wise person and if we
associate with them we get Paitnaca sevan Magala.
Wise has the following nature: Good thought, good speech, good deeds such a person is a
good man.
Five Qualities of a True Friend
1. Help-giving friend 2. considerateness 3. Service in economic affairs 4. soft, gentle
speech 5. truth-speaking. These five factors constitute a good sincere friend.
If you want to become a good, sincere friend to anothers person try the following five
things--
(1)try to solve your friend's difficulty
(2)try to place youself in his position, (that is be equal in spirit when you deal with him)
(3)give beneficial progress for your friend (that is; don't harm or injure his interests)
(4)Deal with soft, gentle speech
(5)Be loyal (don't betray your friend)
Thise second Magala '' Pait -naca Sevan" guides,advises and suggests the best
way to do for your self by your association with the wise, to have smooth, good, social
relationship.
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(3) Pjca Pjneyna
First of all Three Matchless Ratana Gems deserve paying honour and homage by you.
Then your masters or teachers, parents, eldes relatives uncle, aunt, grand parents,elder brother
and sister must be shown respects by you. Other homages-deserving ones include pagoda
worshippers, helpers of educationist, experts, technicians, good ones who appoint right men in
the right place, wise ones who put able persons in high leadersship state. These able persons
must be honoured by you with due respects.
This Magala "pjaca pja neyna" guides,advises and suggests all to do the work of
giving honour to the honourable, in the right place and right time.
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saa:
Second Gth
1.Patirpa-desavsoca - Live in a suitable place
2.Pubbeca-katapuat - have merits done in the past
3.Attasammpaiica - have control by oneself to be civilized in thought and body
Eta Magala-muttama- This is Magala--the greatest cause of welfare and happiness.
(4) To live in a suitable place, (5) To have done good deeds in the past,(6) To set oneself in
the right causes, this is the Magala--the greatest cause of welfare and happiness.
Poetry
(4)Suitable place means the place available in virtues, educaion and wealth: that is the best locality
(5) You has done great metits in past lives
(6)To have set oneself in the right cause (towards greatest freedom)
This is the Supreme Virtues.
Wealth is coming so, live righteously, the deep three virtues are to be considered for a long time.
Thus, as Buddha great moral conduct becomes World Culture,they are Universal Magala For all.
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(4) Those who get Patirpadesa vsoca Magala
They know and able to dwell in quarters,
section, zones, lanes, where wholesome deeds, wealth and general knowledge (school educa-
tion) are available: schools, houses, pagodas, should offer good trainings if there are suppres-
sions of gamblers, drug-users, drinkers in such places. By avoidance of evil place one gets
instantly Patirpa desavsoca Magala: the attainer of Fourth Magala today.
This Magala guides, advises and suggests all person to practise right living in right place.
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(5) The Attainers of Pubbeca-kata Puat
By looking at the beautiful, well-formed physical nature in a person or a young genius we
know there were good deeds in past lives done by them: by this Magala one reaches high
status, great wealth, longevity, few disasters as past deeds support them to be remarkable ones
in life.
ae.e:_. ae.e
Although humans are the same physically, Kammic Deeds are different
As humens physically and anatomically 32 parts of the body and their functions are the
same: however, due to kamma (deeds) various results are seen:
(1) Killing shortens life: non killing lengthens life
(2) Having in return to get you many desires compassionate deeds remove severe disasters
(3) Angry deeds make ugliness: loving kindness deeds help you to be beautiful at birth
(4) Envy drives out followers in this life Non-envy promotes many followers to you
(5) Non-giving deeds lead to poverty. Giving is conducive to getting wealth
(6) Pride in the past makes low-birth now Humility as a past deed results in high birth
(7) If in learning no were done: you will now lead to ignorance or foolishness: but by
asking problems solutions you get knowledge and wisdom now (you are genius when
young)
-Venerable Ashin Janakbhivamsa.
This Magala guides, advises and suggests one must do wholsome deeds beforehand to
get virtues as a priority.
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The Sixth Attainers Attasamma-paiica
(6) Attasamm paihi Magala Attainers
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Those who try to set themselves in Right Course:
This means students attend classes regularly: one must become able, efficient person: by
having washing body clean,live in clean dress so that one must not pay visits to all sorts of
place: one must follow health rules, doing physical exercise; sleep and rise at regular time daily
by avoiding useless talks and harsh jokes a person becomes a high-class one.
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Those who keep the mind good:
By good mind you can know this by the thought of such idea. "Let my father and
mother, teachers, elders get no distress on account of me."This considered, noble thought con-
tributes good mind to you. Also your mind reaches a high state if you cultivate "Let others
possess good mind. Thus selfish idea is suppressed for the sake of the welfare of all; service is
readily and correctly given as you avoid low-class picture and lewd stories,
pornography,violence. Thus,by steady mind, higher honesty is attained.
*Man's status, to check, this 6th Magala is taught. Attasamm Paii Magala has
appeared in the world, check yourself daily.
*Let you face povety boldly as past Kamma is weak but the present noble deed gives
you high morality.
This Magala guides, advises and suggests to do self-development, self-improvement
for physical fitness and mental well-being, to have mental strength.
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aa:
The Third Gth
(7) Bahusaccaca = wide general Knowledge
(8) Sippaca = Ablity in technial work and handicrafts
(9) Vinayoca susikkhito = Lerned in the layman's duties and knowoedge respons abilties
formonks (Monks Vinaya)
(10)Subhsit ca y vc = speech well spoken
Eta Magala-muttama= This is the Magala, the greatest cause ofwelfare and happiness.
(7) To be possessed of vast learning, (8) To be possessed of skill, (9) To be well-trained in
discipline and (10) To have pleasant and good speech. This is the Magala-- the greatest cause
of welfare and happiness.
Poetry
(7) Try to get wide general knowledge
(8) Learn craftsniauslp and discipline laws of life,
(9) Lait discipline must be learned, trained digested: monks need VinayaRules
(10) Speak softly and sweetly, this is friendly So then in world Magala.
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(7) Attainers of Vast Learning
By reading books that support right thought and conduct one has every time general knowl-
edge called "Vast Learning Magala". Reading daily news spapers also increass knowledge
with benefits. Those who use their eyes and ears wisely become experts knowledge and skill in
a trade or a profession by Bhusacca Magala.
One needs to be clearcut, harmless in education and view of faith. Thus "Vast Knowledge"
guides one to be clear and clean in view by daily increase of knowledge.
This Magala guides, advises and suggests all persons to learn school lessons, to study
philosophy to get clear thinking and view.
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(8) Those who Attain Sippa Magala
Thus means a person attains ability in technical jobs mathematics, sewing, embroidery,
works needing hands or feet being Sippa attainers or attainers of Sippaca Magala.
This Magala guides, advises and suggests all persons to practicaly perform the works and
to collect expertise, many experiences about the jobs.
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(9) Attainers of Vinayoca Susikkhito
Lay persons have lay discipline which must be fully learned and understood. Those who
know duty and responsibility, know right living, right behavior, civilised dealing with monks
and elders, avoidane of rush, overtakes, those who obey discipline and law get civility before
a crowd and in eating food and meals, avoidance of wrong, rude cloths, not showing internal
organs, those who can do right relationship and behaviory, serving citizens rules within coun-
try are called vinaya-susikhhita Attainers or Magala Persons.
This Magala guides, advises and suggests to obey rules and regulations, to practise the
rules, to protect law and order.
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(10) Attainers of Subsitca y vc
Those who speak good words corectly is excellent.
Speech is an outcome of mouth, needing corectness, gentleness civility so welfare is at-
tained. Those who want prosperity possess this quality.
Love is created by mouth,
hatred comes from mouth (A Proverb).
Thus you must be able to use your mouth in a correct way, to get love from people you
meet. Words can generate both love and hate. People love users of gentle words in civility and
give help. People hate liars, who speak abusively or rudely, so no help is given to them.
If you have an ability in rightful, gentle use of words, not calling others in slangs, not
having useless talkes such as love scenes in T.V shows, avoiding slanders, backbiting, will
surely promote welfare in life.
This Magala guides, advises and suggests to perform deeds of harmony and smoothness
among peoples for social relationship, and also to unify diverse groups in a society of a
nation.
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a:
Fourth Gth
1.Mtpitu-upahna = Feed and support parents
2.Puttadrssa Sagaho = Support wife and children
3.Ankulca kammat = Don't do confusions in work (or) try have to do blamelessly in
economic affairs
Eta Magala-muttama =This is Magala--the greatest cause of welfare and happiness.
(11) To support mother and father, (12)To cherish wife and children and (13) To have
unconfused occupation, this is the Magala--the greatest cause of welfare and Happiness.
Poetry
Debts for in parents you take like Meru Mount,
Ready to give them back, the Debt
New debts give to wife and children
Now support them well give new
To know how to repay
Duty and responsibility harmless, trouble free
The three Mangalas have need for thought
This is the world Magala.
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11. Attainers of Mtpitu-
upathnam Magala
Parents must be fed and supported by you having take care of them what you need to
do are in five duties mentioned for sons and daughters. In this way old debts are repaid by
having your parents happy not opposing their admonitions. So you becomes a protector of
your race, religion, culture not marrying a foreigner by observing your own custom. Such a
person is called Mtpitu upahna Magala attainer.
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Five Duties For Sons and Daughters
(1) Feed, support (2) carry out the duty (3) be fit for inheritance or legacy (4) share
the merits when they die (5) keep the race and tradition: obey duties told to you.
(1) When they are still alive support them
(2) carry out duties for them
(3) Be morally and legally fit for inheritance when they die
(4) When they die, do merits, share merits
(5) protect Family, Races, Traditions in
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Marriage Affairs, "proctect" means you avoid to marry a foreigners who have a for-
eign religion. If you break racial custom your create disunity and damage national solidity.
Marriages with foreigners mean you have defects or hindrances in doing your kusala or
wholesome deeds of your noble faith, so pretect your race.
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Witness the case of Viskh
She was married to a foreigner with a different faith and she was forbidden to perform
her usual buddhist worship to the Three Gems and to do alms giving: distress occured to her
for a long time.
Foreigners--foreing faiths-are alien, contray to Buddha's basic teachings yet foreigners
try to persuade Myanmar girls: they must reject,must not marry them. Females can protect
national race by no marriage with foreigners of alien faith and custom. -Maghadeva.
This Magala guides, advises and suggests to help your parents by becoming good sons
and daughters; also to observe good old custom of a tradition or nation: and also you have a
duty not to mix blood.
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12. Attainers of Puttadrassa Sagaho Magala
Supporting wife and children is a Magala as if you loan a new money new debt arises
parents need to follow five parental duties: children, when married, should observe their own
duties. So this Magala appears to you in reality: childrens need to receive good advice, educa-
tion, training and examples from you.
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Five parental duties
1.Prevent evil doing
2.Point out the good
3.Give education and training
4.Give money or for capital investment
5.Let them marry correctly according to tradition
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Husband's Five duties
1. Don't neglect your wife
2. Give necessary income for family ex pense
3. Avoid adultery, marrying an another wife
4. Let your wife able to wear suitable clothes
5. Show tender love
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Wife's Five Duties
1. Must be competent, able in doing domestic work.
2. Keep and save money without wasting
3. Avoid adultery, marrying an another man.
4. Give equal distribution of food and cloth.
5. Must not be lazy, inefficient in domestic work.
This Magala guides, advises and suggests to establish a welfare family by becoming
good mother and good father. Also one needs to become a good wife or a good husband, to
get a family unity.
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13. Attainers of Ankulca-Kammant Magala.
"Non-confusion" means Ancula which directs all persons to live cleanly and systemati-
cally. As such no debts are taken because depts means interest and of dangerously growing
nature or troublesome. Ankula also means you avoid work doing bits and starts, without rule
and system. So your official or economical affairs must be in agreement with law: as such
profiteers and black marketing, greedy stock share games must be shunned. Instead of false
occupation you now have legal or moral trade, commerce following state regulating strictly.
So trades in arms persons, poisons, intoxicant drugs, living beings must be avoided. Gambling
is forbidden by your good conduct and personal moral law. Here by right means of livlihood,
you become best, harmless, energetic, correct mode of dress and behavior. No bribes are taken
as right living is observed strictly and duties are performed regularly. Laziness, ease, stingi-
ness, etc. are known as great serious vices. So the world is shown as Ankulaca Kammat
Magala as universal truths of life. Always, blame must be avoided.
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Buddha's Four Economic Basics
Beliefs The four Principles of Wealth
1. One must be energetic doing duty and work well (Uhna Sampad)
2. When incomes, salaries, profits are gained, try to save at least of third (Arakha Sampad)
3. Live frugally with personal discipline, no luxuries are enjoyed as mind will become
impure and indolent.
4. Associate with practical good examplary masters, teachers or friends. Advisers must
have a wide experience with the use of mind fulness and wisdom. (Kalyna Mitta
Sampad)
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Five Duties of Employers
1. Work must be suitable and moderate
2. Pay, wage and support must be regular and sufficient for a good, minimum standard
of living.
3. When in trouble or in illness, employers must give kind help or good cure in a hospital.
4. In case of gifts and promotions, dstributions must be fair and just according to time,
place and circumstance.
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Five Duties of Workers
Employees must do five duties
1. Not lazy in coming to work awake, attendence, but with good aim.
2. Not mind late in departure of work or late-sleeping.(deep interest for owners)
3. Good, efficient sufficient service must be given to employers.
4. Take only what is given: no stealing; no wastefulness.
5. When advices are given, take and do suitably.
This Magala guides, advises and suggests economic development in a family and
nation by performance of 'Samma Ajva" (Right Means of Livelihood).
D
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..a:
Fifth Gth
14. Dnaca = alms giving: charity
15. Dhammacariyca = Practice of wholesome deeds
16. ytaknaca sagaho = support of relatives
17. Anavajjni kammni = do blameless deeds
Eta Magala-muttama =This is Magala--the greatest cause of welfare and happiness.
(14) To donate, (15) To live righteously or practice Dhammma,
(16) To help relatives, (17) To do blameless deeds, this is the
Magala--the greatest cause of welfare and happiness.
Poem
Charity must do with three intentions
To purity body, vocal, mind, do good deeds
Don't neglect your relatives, pleace help
Blameless deeds are public works, services
This is the world's Magala.
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14. Those who obtain Dnaca Magala
People shonld start to give by almsgiving deed. So one needs to offer flowers, pure
water, almsfood, light to the Buddha image, as daily duty to offer rice and curry to the Bhikkhus
in almsrounds: also one needs to give knowledge and education to others: one should preach
the pure, liberating Dhamma; also a person can give books, pencils and texts to schools: for
hospitals, medical rooms, school, libarary, monasteries, offerings should be made. One can
build school and monastery as Dna. Food and medicine, money and advice can be given to
orphanages, child and maternity welfare associations, Red Cross Society, old-age homes, etc.
Even your blood can be donated for the needy patients. As a compassionate Dna each
person should release birds, fishes, animels fowls, cows, buffalos as a mark of life-giving
Dna. Some good persons invest their money to help poor students. Such types of persons
attain Dnaca Magala exactly.
Dna(= Giving or charity)can mean giving all possible help in material kind, and to
preach the true, original Dhamma for the sake of good moral conduct. Such suggestions should
be noted well.
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15. Those who Attain
Dhammacariya Magala
Such persons are able to practise good, wholesome deeds. Their mental attitude consists
of righteousness , justic in thought , word and deed , and therefore they avoid illegal or
immoral conduct, as their innerright belief is full of integrity--- although many do unlawful
or immoral deeds , they stands firmly on the rock of honesty and integrity. As such they do
not give one-sided favour or judgment in a count of law: in daily life Dhammacariya persons
conduct righteously and fairly as honesty is powerful and supreme in life. So, even students
and condidates, knowing in full moral basics of life, do not follow foul means to win the
examinations. The general public, by listening the power of high character , must protect
public property which is not to be stolen or damaged as a rule of citizenship . Such kind of
persons obtain Dhammacariya Magala.
This high, noble Magala gives guide to all classes of people in the world to have hon-
esty and integrity by training , listening , and education affairs and high morality.
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16. Those who attain
ytaknaca sagaho
'ytaknaca sagaho magala means we all should help our own relatives , very
intimate friends, blood-relations, etc. No one should, by this injunction, neglect the relatives as
help must be given to them , materially, financially and intellectually. We all have brothers
and sisters, uncles and aunts cousins and half cousins so that in time of need and emergency
they can come together and remove our tronble or difficulty, such as fire, flood, earthquates.
Even some relatives are poor we out of Magala knowledge and traning should give clothes ,
cooking pots, water pots to them . Such type of persons really attain the ytaknaca
sagaho Magala.
Every individual can try to trace, count the great, great forbears: father, grandfather,
great great grandfather, 'bi', 'bin','baund', 'baw' up to seven predecessers .
For lower or lesser relatives one counts (7) downward relatives.
Son,grandson, great grandson, 'ti', 'tut', 'kyut' , 'kyut sat'.
To have good harmony among relatives everyone should know and practise four sagaha
(help) disciplines.
Four Sagaha-
(1) Give necessary and timely help to relatives,(Dna)
(2) Talk to them gently, sweetly (good speech)=(Peyyavacca)
(3) Give necessary service to them (Atthacariya)
(4) Treat them equally, no discrimination, regarding them as one's ownself (Samnattat)
This four : Giving good talk, sermico, harmonious treatment -- are called Four helping
deeds.
This ytaknaca sagaho Magala advises and guides all to get unity among relatives
as well as national unity among diverse races.
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(17) Those who attain Anavajjani kammani Magala
This excellant Magala, as a duty, means each person must do public service and join
the social welfare work when chance appears. Such persons also continuas to do sweeping
cleaning work at schools and monastery pagodas and rest houses: they are to be seen in
hospitals doing cleaning work to get health for patients in villages and towns streets and roads
must be repaired and cleansed in good order by voluntary effort.
In Myanmar especially it is inspiring to see many persons dig wells for drinking water,
ponds for cultivation of crops, cane is for easy travel and electricity. Many Buddhist built
rest-houses in several places; we see men and women planting trees in the monson season,
while teacher and schoolers serve the public by lectures and talks, on health or education
subjects. Some spend their lives in religious buildings to do general service and it is good to see
many protect public property and travellers use to help others when emergency occurs. In
Buddhist countries, animals and birds are often set free on holy days to mark the symbol of
true freedom. Life is precious so animalls should not be tortured or sacrificed for eternal
Being. In most countries medical service is free or at a low cost so that poor patients can stay
at good hospitals. Some associations give help in funerals free of cost.
This Anavajjni kammani Magala is mainly concerned with social or political affairs.
A country is intended to be in progress if public- service giveing men are in large number and
voluntary association can be increased by public and government support. This Magala guides
such ways and means.
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aa:
Sixth Gth
18. rat = by mind evils are avoided
19.Virat pp = by special means (bodily and vocally) Evils not to do
20.Majjapn ca sayamo =not taking intoxicants
21.Appamdoca dhammesu=not forgetting those noble Dhammas (Vigilance)
Eta Magala-muttama =This is Magala--the greatest cause of welfare and happiness.
(18) To keep away from evils,(19) To abstain from evils,(20) To refrain from
intoxicants,(21)To be vigilant in righteous acts, this is the Magala --the greatest cause of
welfare and happiness.
Poetry
18. Before evils meet try restraint
19. If evils meet do restraint, not to follow them
20. Intoxicunts-all of them-giddy the mind to view evil to be foolish.
21. Evey thing you do be accompany with vigilance.
This is the world's Magala.
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18. The Attainers of rati Magala
Mind must reject Evils by keeping them away: restraint is good before evils are met
even thoughts of evil will not come to you: no idea of theft, to do wicked deeds, even 'idea"
will not torment you by mental restraint beforehand (i.e vows).
This Magala guides, advises and suggests us to refrain from mental evils, to prevent
evil wrong conduct at an earliest stage, even thoughts of evil must be avoided.
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19. The Attainers of Virit
Pp Magala
'' Special Avoidance" here means evils are to be avoided by bodily and vocal organs too:
it also means, by looking evils presently, you do not commit them. For example, you meet
chances to kill but you do not transgress the precept "not to kill". This restraint is a special case,
not a mere negative act as many lives or living beings are saved by this deed. This man always
refuses huge bribes as truthfulness rules his whole life each day. So life is clean as false
withnesses in suits are absent Lies, Slanders, name calling, abusing, are also avoided by a strong
determination to avoid to kill physically and vocally. So people came to pay correct wages,
suitable pays, not flicking not stealling, honouring right conduct. They get of course Virat
Magala in this very life.
This Magala guides, advises and suggests as to keep peace in our country and to shun
evils practically.
So, Dagon U Tun Myint mentioned this Magala.
1. No living beings should be killed or harmed because killings are based on aim to kill (cetan is
bad) Pntipta First moral precept, if killing done, can lead to Hell.
2. Stealing property, money time, materials, etc. is Adinndna, theft deed: also leads to Hell.
3. Adultry, lusts towords females, like to cohibit, sexual indulgences surely sinful: it can lead to
Hell. At least you become females again and again by sexuality deeds.
4. Lies, slanders downgrading, abusive words, rough words are always unwholesome: it can lead to
Hell.
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20.Attainers of Majjapnca Samyamo
Hence drugs, heroine ectasy, harshish, Maranguanas etc. must be avoided to escape
from births as fools in the being in a womb. So animal state is the destiny for drug users. Those
who avoid such low deeds to get Majjapna-samyamon Magala " Majjapn ca sanyamo"
(Restraint is a great virtue).
5. Intoxicents, wine, brandy, champaign, whisky etc. make you to forget the noble Dhamma which is
the worst sin in life: it can lead to Hell; if not, you become mad again and again being in foolish state
seven in a mothers womb.
This Magala guides, advises and suggests to avoid intoxicanting drinks and harmful
drugs so that liquor-related crimes or quarels can be diminished or evils supperessed.
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21.The attainers of Appamdoca Dhammesu Magala
Non-forgetting the Noble Truths of life is the Vigilance Magala.
As soon as you wake up, you should, after washing your face and hand, start the deed
of worshiping to three greatest gems (Ti-Ratana).
All persons should remember the power of Magala Dhamma all the time if they are
sane. Many persons are forgetful of everything, all Dhammas are forsaken. So offer flowers,
waters to the Buddha. When speaking and doing care should be taken in each sentence and use
of terms. If mindfulness is used in each deed, he gets this Appamda Magala.
Young sister, young brother! Worship him to sleep, worship the Buddha, sleep as a man,
with Buddhaworship in going to bed.
He is like a mad dog
To avoid becoming a dog
Put homage to the Buddha Most
And them sleep soundly, sanely
Magala Great Virtue
Magala Dhamma is- praise worthy
(1) Loved by men and gods, if follwed its is like a love inviting power medicine more
than all gems and treasure, Magalas valuable.
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a.a:
Seventh Gath
22. Gravoca = Pay revenrence to the respectable
23. Nivtoca = Be humble and not proud
24. Santuthica =Be content
25. Kataut = Know and repay Gratitude
26. Klena dhammasavana=Hear the Dhamma at proper time
Eta Magala-muttama =This is Magala--the greatest cause of welfare and happiness.
(22) Reverence, (23) Humbleness, (24) Contentment, ((25) Gratitude and (26) Listening to
Dhamma at proper time, this is the Magala- the greatest cause of welfare and happiness.
Poem
22. Always show reverence and respect to the old
23. Dont fly your flag of pride , but be humble
24. Distrust, Evil if greed is followed, be content you own
25. Specially take the act of knowing Gratitude
26. Hear the Dhamma, to multiply benefits
This is the world's Magala.
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22. The Attainers of Grava Magala
As Bhikkhus, elders, parents and masters they deserve due respect and honour, a wise
person shows respect to them as "Be respectable" Magala is well understood by him. So in
front of elders and dignitries, one should bend his body and head when one is approaching or
passing near them. When you meet you teachers in the street give them right of way. It is a
rude behaviour to walk alonside them in abreast movement. When speaking to them use
proper or special words of references or addresses that you give respects to them. You should
welcome them with due regards by civilised behaviour. All elders, old persons need respects
by you because of age or infirmity or weakness. If you enter a Pagoda hall take off your shoes
as a mark of respect. The good persons, seeing Buddha image or a Pagoda, clasp fold his hands
in his or her head to show homage behaviour. If you are sitting on a chair try to sit in a lower
position when Bhkkhus come. Pagoda compounds deserve respects by you to remove your
shoes. Before old persons or elders you should sit humbly in a correct form avoiding rudeness
or incivility; even Dhamma books, as sacred things, must be placed higher on the shelves, not
on the ground or lower place.
It is importent to note and practise this Magala(Paving Due Respects) as wholesomed
deeds come you without need for money and expense to pay your respects now.
This Magala guides, advises and suggests to show respectable behaviour as rude deeds
are unwholesome. Civility gains here for higher virtues.
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23. The Attainers of Nivta Magala
Humility or Humbleness (lack of pride) is the Nivta Magala so that conceited mind is
suppressed now and totally abandoned next time in future. When humility is shown, pride
and conceit are gone. And gentleness is gained immediately if you suppress boasting
exagregating, hateful behaviour. Humility is always praised and practised by the wise. Even
men of wide knowlege avoid boasts and conceited deeds as they know prideful men are not in
normal state. Normal mind being sane mind demands humility in social conduct in villages
and towns, in office and stores. More over by humility you also avoid greedy needs, profiteer-
ing and bribing others: you abandon gamblings also. No one must say more them they know
or they have attained in education commerce and meditation (spritual boast is the worst sin to
commit) .
So Nivta Magala saves you from all kinds of boasting in many fields. It guides all
students in the world to conduct normal social relation, to behave normally, civilly only.
This Magala guides, advises and suggests to suppress pride and conceit by liveing a
normal way of life.
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14.The attainers of Satuhica Mangala
The word "satuhi" means contentment , satisfied easily. Those who are contented by
their own income, escaping extreme poverty, can get contentment Magala. One must not be
choosy, wanting this, wanting that in the case food, in cloths you must be satisfied easily if
things are not too bad to eat or to wear: some persons pine for better food, the food they like
best, expensive food, exotic food, etc. even in filling that belly which means we eat to live, not
live to eat.This proverb tells us to have contentment each day. You have to be satisfied with
your own suitisfied mind. Those who need few simple sustainable wants accrue happy people
on earth. Even in labour, hard work by such wise ones demaned only enough pay to sustain
their lives as they are satified with eating peas and become happy, the less expense, the better.
So by systematic food eating and high living style they avoid wrong means of livelihood.
Conspicious consunption and showry luxurious atyle of life are called sinful deeds as greed is
an Akusala: pride means downfall of high status.
Everyone wants to be wealthy but no one will be happy if they are discontent: the
unsatisfied minds burn the whole world too as hot vibrations reach four directions in stantly.
This Magala guides, advises and suggests to save us from greed, uncontrolted temper,to
have the virtue of contentment, to live in frugality.
D

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25. The Attainers of Katauta Mangala
(Those who Know and acknowledge Gratitude openly and frequently)
Fools fail to make acknowledgement to persons who help them in the matter of eco-
nomic, education, health, soual relation and higher spritual mind. Gratitude must be said openly
and acknowledged when you write a book or when you are saved from crime and anguish.
The acknowledging persons are Magala of virtuous type: like the ones who have not destroy
the flowers,plants, branches, fruits of a tree under which they seek shelter and cool shade
from the blazing sun. Trees deserve our gratitude, our thankfulness because they help pro-
mote good climate regulary besides giving us valuable fruits, wood and timber: they save us
from severe storms and floods if they are in correct places and well- tended. In life loyalty is
rated very high because we see treason, disloyalty, to be hateful to a nation or a society. Prom-
ises must be kept: debts must be repaid quickly or by regular monthly instalments. Especially
bank loans must not be misused not ment not be defaulted as serious troubles will arises if huge
loans are not repaid and promises are nor kept: this breaking of promise weakens a person or a
company morally which will send them to either Jail or to Hell. Thus this Kataut Magala
is laid on a strong enphasis to be clealy understood, to be practised by Magala teachers and
learners.
"Know Gratitute: Then repay it."
This Magala guides, advises and suggest to acknowledge the debts of gratitude and
then to repay these debts by you.
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26.The attainers of Klena Dhamma-ssavana Magala
In proper-times and places, the noble, pure naturalistic Dhamma should be heard: listen-
ing the Dhamma itself is a Magala deed so one can read, ponder, study Magala books or
other Dhamma books in a library. Dhamma classes- on Magala, on Abhidhamma, on culture-
are now opened for all students during holidays, free of fees. Such cultural classes must be
attended with right attitude: to save one by oneself by wise conduct each day.
This Magala guides, advises and suggests all persons to hear the noble Dhamma to
practise hearing of rare Dhamma when mind is in worry.
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z.a:
Eight Gth
27. Khant ca = Patience at everything: fore bearance
28. Sovaccassat = Easy to admonish
29. Samanacadassana = Seeing the Samanas who have subdued faculties: who have
sense-control.
30. Klena dhammaskacch = At suitable times, Make use of discussions, questions and an-
swers on the Dhamma.
Eta Magala-muttama = This is Magala--the greatest cause of welfare and happiness.
(27) To be patient, (28) To be obedient, (29) To meet holy persons, (30) To discuss the
Dhamma at proper time, this is the Magala--the greatest cause of welfare and happiness.
Poetry
27. In the matter of eating, living, try selfcontol, "Patientience"
28. If reasonable, instructions must be obeyed
29. Holy persons should be met very often
30. The nature civilised Dhamma needs open free
discussions, enquires and researes.
This is the world's Magala.
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27. The Attainers of Khanti Magala
"Khat" means "Non hatred", "Non anger" or "Forbearance. It implies a fortitude of
mud, the enduring, for giving mind. So, Knant is a rare virtue in the world; as such the
Buddha praised it as the highest virtue of all ones." At our situation and livel of mind some
Khantca be practised and attained. For example, we may no do evil by our control of thought
of anger. In life we find some persons are not prone to anger: they are good in Khant: they
have a level of patience that is praiseworthy. So they become our examples (Models) to follow
as conflict, grude, opposition cease, peace is seen in some locality and in some countries. Those
who see dangers of hatred avoid conflict war, rebellion musder, arson, rivalry etc. So they
become wise and peaceful because a steadfast mind is cultivated and the power of Ahimsa
(Harmelessness-Non-Injury) is seen in the mind and in society. Khant needs a long practise to
see the good results in the aggressive world so it is combined with a long suffering patience or
"endurance" you have to endure pain, a strong mind being a necessory so grudge can be abol-
ished in a wise leadess, politicians, statesmen think of world problems with their cool heads
without a sense of grudge or rivalry so that political decisions become both correct and wise
they indeed often follow Khant Magala.
:e - eae.e:ee- -e.
Six Virtues of A Leader
Alectness, Vigilant, Compassion, Patience, Disrim, Natin, Deepstuay are six qualities in
a good leader at every level in a country. If politics of common type practise to get all six
qualities, they become race, good wise leaders. So we can hope for world peace in a practical
way if their exist many such true leaders.
1. A Leader need to exert more efforts than followers.
2. He must set an example to be alert, vigilant, ready to hear the importance news.
3. He must really show pity fales his follower who may be foolish by moods and emotions
in politiic violance must be shuned.
4. By the praches of enduring practice sets a noble examples to be good and wise for the
majority.
5. He must watch study what the people desire: the beliefs and conduct must be noted with
care so that suitable and can be giving.
If they prictise opposite six vices they care termed weak, evil leaders of nation.
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The factors that Disquality a man to be as a leader:
1. One who is neither a leader as a follower but an opponent of all sections.
2. One who belieng all views said to him and gives consent to others readily, lacking, rea-
soning power.
3. One who favous the winning side as he has no own stand point being ready to change
sides.
4. Like a cow, one does according to his whin and emotion.
5. One who is doer of his own self- interest.
6. One who seldom takes responsibility, cannot spesk clearly to others.
Such a person with six vices must not be elected as a leader: six qualities are absend in
him.
This Khant Magala guides, advises and suggest all to practise an enduring mind, the
virtue of patience to become good leaders and good teachers.
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28. The Attainers of Sovacassat Mangala
To get Khant must of the time you need to start practising this 28th Magala, Obedi-
ence or be easy to be admonished.
If you obey the intructions of teachers elders and parents who have move life-
experience than you are sure to with success in life. When admonistions are made, don't you
bad behavior such as tighitening of lips, stern face, refurning opposite words etc. which mean
you break the noble Magala of obedience. The parents and teachers naturally want you to get
a good character with high educational degrees: they also want you to be in good health. Thus
youths and students have duty to listen and to obey the advice of the experienced persons.
Even stern criticism or remarks must be accepted with an obedient mind such persons attain
obedient Magala.
q:e- _e.
Five duties of a Teacher
1. Give knowledge and skill where necessory.
2. Give admonitions with compassion.
3. Give free advice, instruction without wanting some possession or money.
4. Give protection aginst danger of a student.
5. Send to a rightful place when neces-sory.
e_e- _e.
Five duties of A Student
1. Students must be united in vigilance or study.
2. Ready to listen and obey admonitions.
3. Give due welcoming gestures to a master.
4. Give food or service to a master if he is near you.
5. Listen, study memorize what you have been taught.
This Sovacassat Magala guides, advises and suggest all to practise obedience and
acceptance of guides; to become good stuents, to become good civil servants of the nation.
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29. The Attainers of Samanaca-dassana
There are many great and noble Bhikkhus, novices Dhamma learners with strong disci-
pline. Meeting them is a Magala because you can take their Dhamma examples as they learn
Pli scripture and they prossess six virtues to be considered deeply by you. So old, learned
Bhikkhus has, knowing basic Vinaya rules thoroughly become Holy persons by more Vassa
years, in Ssana as "ordained Ssana monks" to see them is a great boon as you get high, clean
vibrations from them or from Dhamma talks.
q.e- -e.
Six duties of Samaa
(1) Prevent evil deeds (2) Urge to do good (3) Show mett= Loving Kindness vibrations,
(noble thoughts) (4) Deliver Dhamma talks to pupils and donors (5) Point the way to Nibbna,
the cessation of defilement and suffering. (6) Be examplary to donors.
Supportive five duties
1.Show love to Bhikahus 2.Speak gently 3.Show high respect to Bhikkhus 4.Invite to
receive alms and aid (requisites) 5.give alms food or Dhamma books to study.
This Samaanaca-dassana Magala guides, advises and suggests all to practise to see
and worship Bhikkus and Samaneras,kind-hearted, learned holy persons, as a holy duty.
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30. The Attainers of Klena Dhamma Skiccha Magala
Those who discuss the Buddha Dhamma can get general information as well as remaval
of doubts. Well-wishers can meet now the able teachers if, they are ignorant of same hard
points in moral conduct and other noble practices. One needs to participate in such discussion
graps at proper time: one can ask and answer one another as exchange of news is done cor-
rectly subjects can also be concerned with education, economics social affars in locolity,
politics,etc. The aim must be to get welfare and progress, thus one is in the sphere of the
Magal of ''Kalena Dhamma Skiccha Magal.
This guides all persons to disuss mainly on Dhamma to remove doubts and ignorance as
the meaning is ''to discuss the Dhamma and to ask and answer in a Dhamma group" in suitable
times.
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.a:
Ninth Gth
31. Tapoca = Live by contoling eye, ear, nose, tongue, body and mind.
32. Vrahmaccriyaca = Practise avoidance of sex (to get higher life)
33. Ariyasaccna-dassana = To knowin or seeing four Noble Truths.
34. Nibbna-sacchikiriy ca =Realize Nibbna here and now.
Eta Magala-muttama =This is Magala--the greatest cause of welfare and happiness.
31. To restrain against worldly pleasures, 32. To conduct noble practice, 33. To have
insight knowledge of Four Noble Truths, 34. To visua lize Nibbana for oneself, this is the
Magala-the greatest cause of welfare and happiness.
Poetry
Wordly objects, senses are not to take deep intevest
Practice of high love (Mett) is very necessory
See the four noble truths with wisdome done
Nibbna is the permanent escape four tranoble and worry birth and death.
Approch Nibbna here and now
This is the princeple of would pholosophy.
This is the world's Magala.
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The Attainers of Tapa Magala
Those who live restraintly, frugally, practise to avoid seeing shows, dramas; listening
musics taking good scents on the body, not inducing in tastes of a tongue instead time, work
and energy are used for wisdom then observance, controlling eye, ear, nose, tongue, body and
mind, having six sense control Sla (restraint) even taking vegetarian meals only, such persons
of a section are known as Attainers of Tapa Magala.
This Tapoca Magala guides, advises and suggests all persons to practise higher
morality(Adhisla) to uplift the state of present character.
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32. The Attainers of Brahmaccriya Mangala
This Magala instructs a mature man to avoid six or indulgence in both small or big
sexual affairs. Since sensual love is controlled by Brahmaccriya Magala, a person can easily
cultivate loving kindness and compassion in his heart. When meeting living beings sense of
envy or jealousy or lust arises. So that noble equanimity avoiding love and hate must be at-
tained. He sends his thought waves of sincere love and pity: "may all living being be well and
happy! free from danger, trouble and may they love and pity one another: such considerableness
can be attained by High morality of Non-Sex as Dhamma is the main concern of the wise:
those who practise Vipassan mindfulness show pity to others that is Brahmaccriya Magala
to all the higher good conduct.
This Magala guides, advises and suggests all persons to practise higher
concentration(Adhicitta) in noble work and wisdom seeking.
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33.The Attainess of Ariyan Four Noble Truths
As all men and women suffer khandha-dukkha and its Tanh greed is cause the think-
ing persons in the world should know the truth of suffering, the origing of suffering, the way
to the cessation of suffering as clear vision of the method (magga) by as arisen by Anatta
wisdon insight: the self illusion is cut out by Noble Ariya insight in practice.
This Ariyasaccna-dassana Magala guides, advises and suggests thinkers to really
realize the four ariya noble truths, to get the realization of life's supreme truths in this very
life.
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34. The Attainers of Nibbna-Sacchikiriya Magala
By realization of Arahatta-phala resultant-citta one has attained Arahanta stage, the
perfect one who is always at peace in himself: he is the worthy one, entitle to get alms and
homage from Brahma and kings as Nibbna happiness is enjoyed, the unique, eternal peace
attained because of the eradication of greed, hatred and foolishness in this life: this direct,
practical holiness is called Nibbna-sacchikiriyca Magala and attainers are found in frue
Magga and Phala Ssana discipline.
This Nibbna-sacchikiriyca Magala guides, advises and suggests all to get realizationof
the Nobles Nibbna in the practical way.
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sa.a:
Tenth Gth
35.Phutassa-Lokadhammehi Citta
Yassa na kanpati =he owns nothing eight worldly conditions, remains undisturbed and
untroubleness: the per-fect serenity is seen.
36. Asoka = No worry assassinates him.
37. Viraja = Not a single dust of kilesa is in him.
38. Khema = he is always free from dangers to live in permanent peace each day.
Eta Magala-muttama=This is Magala--the greatest cause of welfare and happiness.
35. The mind that stands Unshaken, 36. Unsorrowing, 37. Passionless and 38. Secure
when touched by the vicissitudes of life, this is the Magala-the greatest course of welfare and
happiness.
He whose mind does not flirted
By contact with world contigencies
Sorrowless, stainless and secure
This is the supremes virtue.
This guides us to be without sorrow or anguish in this life.
This Magala guides all persons to be calm, unshaken in the face of worldly condition
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36.The attainers of Asoka
In daily life all Putthujjana persons show good or bad feeling as a vedana of which
sorrow arised. Man is making daily sorrows by himself, pining this or that so the saint in
Buddhism (Arahant) manifests no fear as mind is always steady, peaceful and serene. This is
no need to cry, to express lamentation so this type of a man is called Asoka Magala attainer.
This Magala guides all persons to be free from worries, to have full happiness here
and now .
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37.The Attainers of Viraja Magala
Kilesa defilements, though minute, are called evils or stains or poisons (emotions) so
those who are totally free from dusts are "pure ones" the "stainless persons'' or the perfect
ones": in him all wants, longing, desires, are gone forever. Thus many can become realizer of
Viraja Magala if they try purify themselves by maggaga pure water.
This Magala guides all persons to be free from daily troubles by keeping the madden-
ing mind in check to be unshaken.
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38.The Attainers of Khema Magala
So, the result is free from all dangers that beset the world in many places: all ties are
broken by Arahants, gaining matchless, eternal peace hare and now. So Khema Magala
attainers are found in the noble Buddha Ssana only.
This Khama Magala guides all persons to live without fear or favour, avoiding all
longings as this Magala is called desireless in Free of Danger.
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The Magala Benefits Gth
Etdisni Katvna, Sabbattha maparajit,
Sabbattha sotthi gacchati, Ta tesa Magala-muttama.
= Those who have done such meritorious deeds can not meet with any defeat and gain
happiness everywhere. This is the Magala-the greatest cause of welfare and happiness for
them. To them fulfilling matters such as these, everywhere invisible, in every way moving
happily. These are the supreme virtues (Benefits)
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.-:.
By Practice Benefits Come To you
These (38)Virtues or marks of Auspiciousness are practical for daily living. Those who
follow the (38)guides of life universally everywhere obtain-
- Economic welfare (wealth)
- Progress in status, position power
- Glory is enchaned each day
- Many good results spread to other places too
- There will be no danger
- People will love you, show helpfulness
- A sense of thought arises in mind (pity is spreading the world)
- Lastly people believe what you say and do in accordance with 38 Great Virtues.
They are in fact like flowers puting in your head as sweet glory uplifts you to the
sorrowless state.
My wish(Poetry)
The world is not to derstroy we having the 38.
This or that country, conflicting, killing bombing, blasting ardent is to be peace here
Let each individual help the great 38.
Great virtues again teach, written
The permenent value gems of the world
Let the world know and appreciate them now.
To day world situation is not good. Civilians have met interferance, power politic, se-
vere in human treat: unjust, killings storms heat rains increase: man lacking Magala heart
in man too rude.
Real heros are shnning, they have now no ignorance of the deeper Mangala for peace-
ful living, vows be made to restrain evil things. To gan peace let everyone loves peace by the
daily pratice of at least three Mangala guides with seriousness of mind.
D
The Honour Magala Gives You These Glories:
These Magala Dhammas act as :--
Like good mother begetting the truths of good sons and daughters: Parents of man-
kind as they tend to produce gentlemen: citizens, fine students true officials able teachers.
Like a true, lovng mother, who does not leave you alone when you are in danger or
trouble. So Magalas always stay with you in time of great anxiety and danger or poverty.
These Magalas Virtues are collectively called your permanent loving mother .
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BuD;yGm;aMumif ; enf;vrf;aumif;
Best Ways And Methods For Welfare
If you truly want economic and spiritual progress, try the following Magala disci-
plines to exist in your own mind, considering the 38 virtues to cultivate daily.
1. Avoid evil companionship, persons with bad deeds ( Asevanca blna)
2. Associate with the wise, the efficient persons (Panditnaca Sevan)
3. Try to show homage and respect to those who are worthy of honour
(Pjjca Pjjaneyyna)
4. Live in a place that gives you virtue, educations, wealth (Patirpadesavsoca)
5. Do preparations beforehand the wholesome deeds (Pubbe ca Katapuat)
6. Keep your body clean and healthy, ethically too (Try good thoughts =Attasampaidi ca)
7. Have a wide general knowledge, a broad vision on many subjects. (Bhusaccaca)
8. Be skill in you own work or in occupation (Sippaca)
9. Follow rules and regulations diligently (Vinayoca Susikkhito)
10. Speak truthfully, sweetly, gently (subhasit ca y vc)
11. Support mother and father, to be happy, a taken of gratitude. (Mtpitu-upahna)
12. Support and cherish wife and children a duty to do. (Puttadrassa sagaho)
13. Economic job (livelihood) must be blameless(Ankulca Kammat) a harmless work is
a great virtue.
14. Giving help doing charities for all as much as you are able to do so (Dnanca)
15. Discipline work for moral integrity (Dhamma cariya) Do noble work
16. Help should be give to relatives (Ntaknaca sagaho)
17. Peform social service, doing social welfare jobs (Anavajjni kammni)
18. Even thought of bad things must be avoid (rat)
19. Don't speak evil, don't physically do evil (Virat pp), a special discipline.
20. Avoid using intoxicants and drugs (Majjapnca sayamo)
21. Acompany great sense of mindfulness (vigilance) in virtuous deeds
(Appamdo ca Dhammesu)
22. Give respect and honour to bhikkhus, elders and parents (Gravoca)
23. Avoid pride and conceit(Nivtoca)
24. Be content with things that suit your status (Satuhica)
25. Know and acknowledge ferquently the gratitude your have earned (Kataut)
26. Read or hear Dhamma culture books or summons (Klena Dhamma savana)
27. Be long suffering or patient, live even-minded (Khantca=Patient)
28. Obey the advice of your teachers parents elders, etc. (Sovacassat)
29. Go and see, meet the bhikkhus and holy men (Samanaca dassana)
30. Control the eye, ear, nose, tongue, body and mind (Tapa= Austerity =self-discipline)
31. Practice four divine states (Brahama cariyaca)
32. Ariyasacca four noble truths realize (Attainment or knowledge of four noble truth
(Ariyasaccna dassana)
33. Nibbanic realization of the purest The Nibbana (Sacchikiriy ca)
34. Be calm amidst failure and success good and bad (Phutassa loka dhamme hi citta yassa
nakapati)
35. Sorrowless: be without sorrow (Asoka)
36. Be without a stain of impurity (Viraja)=Use Vipassan
37. Be free from defilements (Khema Magala)
May all be full with Magala Virtues.
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Magala's Honour
Magalars are like a fortress that with stand the assults of alien. Mixing culture or false
ones as if in the noble true Dhamma: Truths of life. =Your Fortress
It gives methods to distinguish sham and real Magala. It elevates the status, position,
conduct and give measuring scale to guage and check each day like a measuring rod or a ruler
to you.
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.. :s .
7-Day Buddha's Biography
Our Greatest Refuge, the Buddha has reached the greatest height of morality and wis-
dom. attaiment which means Sabbauta na, the supreme knower of all truths of life. He
has to perform ten perfections because no one easily gets the greatest knowledge and wisdom.
Starting from the attaiment of Dipakar Buddha's prophecy. He spent four aeons and one
lakh kappa time to become Buddha. He relies on his own inner powers.
eqe :-,e. The Ten Paramis are :-
1. Dna = giving, alms-giving, charity
2. Sila = Control of body and speech
3. Nekkhamma = Rejection of worldly pleasures, renunciation
4. Pa = Gathering of wide general and basic widom
5. Vriya = Great effort, endurance
6. Khant = Patience forebearance
7. Sacc = Truthfulness, integrity
8. Adhihna = Vow determination
9. Mett = Loving kindness toward all living beings
10. Upekkh = Equanimity, Noble Calm,Serene life
eqeee. a_e:..e
Among Ten Pram there are thirty grades:-
1. Ordirany or natural Pram
2. Sacrifice of limbs (eyes,ear,hands) (Upa-Pram)
3. Sacrifice of life to win Pram perfections (Paramattha Parami)
So, there are alltogether 30 Pram to practise as each level, with five great givings also:-
_ae._. _e.
1. Give away wealth, money, and possessions= (Dna pariccga)
2. Give away son and daughter= (Putta pariccga)
3. Give away wife =(Bariya pariccga)
4. Give away eyes, ears legs hands= (Aga pariccga)
5. Give away life =(Jivita pariccga)
The aims of doing ten Pram and fulfilling five gifts are:--
qe e.
1. To serve the relative welfare of the whole world (Lokattha cariya)
2. To serve the races and nations (tatha criya), see the welfare of relatives.
3. To serve the cause of Buddhahood (Buddhatha ciriya) "cariya" means "practice"
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q:. ;-a.
Begin to show homage
Brother! Sister ! pay homage to theBuddha: what Buddha possess?
Nine virtues he is when he gets nine abilities
Because he has performed five gifts, three services and ten perfections to become a
Buddha with nine abilities.
Shi = That one in possession
Kho = To be initited, to follow take shelter.
"Shi-Kho" is to worship, to follow the exact conditon that one in possession taught by
the Buddha.
Do give homage in honour of the existing nine virtues. He had to practise ten Pram
before attaining Buddhahood, like Dipakar. In his last birth as Satussita deity in Tvatisa
he was a also known as Setaketu deity. The ledi poem of "lord of the three worlds " concep-
tion" Chapter says.
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Ledi Sayadaw Poem
1. Lord of the three worlds, I place him on myhead
All Brahmas devas request to die as divine in Deva to reborn as a man, in human world,
Thursday conception takes place the aim: to calm, to pity all beings
Meaning
The great Brahma and Deva followed by many gods came and requested Setaketu, they
said: "O Lord, you perform many Pram honour world for countless lives not to enjoy
sensual or divine pleasure : your main aim is to save all living beings from suffering, as the
knower of all Dhamma features. This is the time, ripe to become Buddha. So kindly take death
in Deva Loka in order to have a new human birth:All-knowing Buddha is a perfect human
being in moral and wisdom, that is full enlightenment as a human being. Therefore, due to
divine request, he died there; his unique conception in a womb occured in Kapilavatthu, in the
womb of Queen Mya, chief consort of king Sudhodana. This holy event took place in 67 M
Sakka Era Vaso Full Mon Day, Thursday midnight.
The holy conception is great and sacred for all Devas, Brahmas, living beings who seek
eternal peace so this unique conception is auspicious indeed.
Birth
2. After ten months in the womb in 68 Mah Sakka Era Full Moon of Kason Friday He was born. His
nativity is meant to show the Correct Way to supreme peace for all. Birth took place in B.C 623
Kason full Moon Friday at Lumbin Ingyin forest, to show the way to Nibbna.
Meaning
In the year 623 B.C the future Buddha was born in full Moon day of Kason (May)
Friday. The nativity place was Lumbin forest, just between the middle place of Kapilavatthu
country and Devadaha country. With this auspicious birth of Prince Siddhattha the world is
assured of the noble cure the correct method of overcoming, uprooting defilemants called
kilesas.
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The Great Renuinciation
From World
3. From birth to the age 16 be enjoyed the royal pleasures as the only prince of Kapilavatthu country,
the sensual pleasures was experienced and noted as good things for (13) years still he saw the four
terrible omens (Signs of Universal Life) I, getting a sence of just and holy fear to withdraw from
sensual world "Kmaloka". Hence on Monday Full Moon of Vaso he renouned the world to get holy
retreat in a lonely forest.
Meaning
The Bodhisatta, in his final life, had to forsake everything he loved and enjoyed as he
was deep in the sensual world of pleasures by living in trouble-free three seasonal palaces
(Ramma, Suba,Suramma, the three golden palaces give him physical and mental comfort and
he was always happy with his devoted princes, the beautiful and kind-hearted Yasodhar, the
13 years married life was memorable. On his (29) th year Devas, to remind his original vow to
enlighten the world, created four great signs, an old man, a sick man, a dead man a corpse
ready to be buried: these signs are necessary to cultivate greates fear of all existence called
"bhava" "becomings": So the act of renunciation was sudden and easy in 97 full mon of Vaso
Monday. The holy renuciation he was accompanied by co-birth person, a servant, minister
Sanna, ride on a horse toward Anom river bank. Standing over the bank he cut off his hair
by his sword and became a wandering, begging Bhikkhu by doning holy robes given by a
Brahma. For six years he lived alone in Uruvela forest where trees and flowers abound.
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The Full Eternal Enlightenment
4. After six years of solitary life
Mind matures, enlightenment blooms
Went and sat on unconqured Seat
The invincible there to conquer all enemies, passions.
The glory of the Buddha matchless Enlightement.
Meaning
The Bodhisatta lived alone in Uruvela forest for six years, practising severe austerities
that average man cannot do. His bones, skins, sinus, chests, belly became too thin and dried up
he looked like a skeleton sitting on a mat. When he got up he nearlly fell down, so weak and
thin was he.Thus by experince alone, he fully knew Severe Asceticism is useless, and profit-
less, not conducive to Bodhi enlightenment at all; wrong methods, he realized, must be avoided
one and all, permanenthy; right method of salvation lies in moderation, sanity, reason and the
Middle Way, the Natural Method.
Darkness of the world was expelled by the Buddha under the Buddha Tres where holy
shade was hung over his head. By sitting the whole night till Enlightenment was attained, he
could, as Buddha, teach the unique middle way, after victory over Devaputa-mra.
- On early may Night he gained insight of past lives of himself and lives of others.
- On Midnight he saw billions wandering in samsara.
- At Dawn he dispelled his own innate passions and defilements: time: 103 M.S.E. Full
moon of Kason at dawn Wednesday.
Thus, Buddha is the stairway for us to step upwards to the apex called Nibbna.
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5. After Buddha gained to teach Dhammacakka
Went To Migadavon Forest where Paca Vaggs live .
And also billious four ten thousand worlds, hear
Dhammacakka the First Sermon, win bodhi insights
The drum of Dhammas is beaten far and wide
Meaning
After Supreme Enlightenment and victory over five kinds of Evil, he lived near the
several places sattahna for seven days near the Bodhi Tree, having deep jhanic absorption
and keeping Nibbna object as mind' living complete peace and purity, to live happily, nobly
serenely. Thus he departed from the Bodhi Tree to teach a group of five ascetics ( Paca
Vaggs), and other billions of creatures, this basic First Sermom, the Dhamma cakkapavattana
Sutta at the Deer Park, Brnas, on 103 Buddhist Era, (Mah Era) on the evening of Saturday
till the eve of rising moon.
This beating of Dhamma drum relates billions of Ariya Persons, knowers of the Four
Noble Truths. The first to win salvation was Venerable Kodaa and numberless gods and
Brahmas beings reached sotpanna Ariya, First streame winners, more than ten cores.
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6. After drum Dhamma beating billions who was ready to win pure insights noblest in the world.
Cross over the other shore.
Having done his duty perfectly, went to Kusinrma
His age was 80, his Vows 45, vassa months
Mallas country Kusinrma in Ingyin forest
Mahparinibbhna took place on Full moon of kason
Tuesday, news and fame reach the heavenly abodes: on earth far and wide.
Meaning
For 45 years He tirelessly went Dhamma tours from place to place to teach the subtle
truths to suitable and sensible persons, serving men and gods dutifully to remain awake for 20
hours out of 24 to help living beings who were ready to know the Four Noble Truths.
His teaching methods are as follows: those who are fit only for Dna level, he teaches
only Dna.
Those who are capable of observing Sla, so he teaches high moral discipline, starting
from Five Precepts.
Those who need three refuges, he teachers Tisarana-gamana, taking refugee and its
benefits.
Those who are taking chance to practise concentration and insight, he delivers the ser-
mons on the same lines. Thus, like the best teacher he used variety of teaching methods.
Before he performed Nibbna, he lays many solid foundations in the mind to develop
fitness, readiness and muturity. So Nibbna is the other shore: boats and ships are means to
cross the ocean.
Having carried them to the safe Nibbna he took Parinibbna at 80 years of age with 45
years in the Ssana, having placed his holy head toward the north he admonished his last
instruction:-
Handa dni bhikkhave mantaymi vo:
Vayadhamm sakhr appamdena sampdetha.
'' O, sons, daughters!
= I now teach my last lesson guide to life,
All conditioned things are causing and passing away
Do remove and note all sakhra dhammas with constant, deep mindfulness, be awake be
vigilent day and night."
After this final speech he practised different stages of all jhnas and their Absorptions
(sampatti) and then he ceased all suffering as all khandha are extinguished by Parinibbna
deed, the total peace the Buddhas and the Arahants can get that Nibbana without any khandhas
Anupadisesa khandha Nibbna.
At that moment, the earth quaked in the his honour, the earth-shaking event.
7. After Parinibbana, the holy corpse like golden mountain, never to be forgetten. Arahants and lower
Ariyas, decided to cremate fire, caught on the funeral pyre so cremation was done sadly when holy
asher, hair,relics bones, relics coler boner relics teeth, a relics jars were collected to be worshipped in
place of Buddha: alltogether 8 basket of relics were gathared and distributed among kings, princes,
and worshippers to propagate the sublime Dhamma as Buddha's holy representative for later gen-
erations.
Meaning
When the Buddhas body was cremated-unscred hy fire in a pile of fire, many devo-
tional deeds were done as the Buddha was the most remarkable and the most pure one on
earth.
Then in 148 B.C (644 B.C) Kason full Monday, fire was put, yet, due to his vow, no
burning occurred. The holy body cremated itself becoming relics for devotees and worship-
pers.
After this Tezo (heat) element, devotees got (4) foreteeth, two colar bones, one forehead
as these (7)holy relics were Asambinna= not broken into ashes. The remaining relics flesh,
blood etc. became a small ball relic as if the world feels sorrow to see final demise of Buddha.
Blackpea colour like a size of broken rice or a sesamun seed: they are sambinna dhtu
element.(holy ashes)
Both types of Holy relics are the "ssana" as worshippers can pay respect in memory of
the Buddha. Some were enshrined in pagodas as king Ajtasatthu had done in the same year
for future worshippers: several pagodas were built by him in various places in India.
After 236 years later, king Siri Dhamma Asoka took some relics from these pagodas and
by his vow, built, 8400, small pagodas in honour of the teaching of the Dhamma which have
8,400 Dhamma parts. So, ssana spread beyond India to be established mainly in the East and
South East Asia countries.
These Holy Seven Days Each, Taken Heart
In Memory of His Life, Events Are Known
I, with deep confidence, good man
Worship, revere, honour the uniqus bodies
By thought word and deed: 3 physical acts
May good benefits appear to me
Let us bow our hearts.
Meaning
The term "Gotama" was a name of "Gotama" clan; so we have Gotama the Buddha as
the founder of Buddhism. Since becoming Bodhisatta Sumed Hermit, he always served the
welfare of living beings. In his long Samsaric journey, he practised ten perfections without
fail and people got many benefits by these deeds. When he became supreme Buddha, he served
all living beings by this example and gave instructions to be good, wise and liberated. He
taught for (45) vassa years: without regard for his physical comfort day and night. Let us bow
our head in his memory.
Now, we know seven days possess each holy event (1)Conception (2)Birth (3)Renun-
ciation (4)Buddhahood (5)Dhammacakka Sermon (6)Parinibhna (7)Holy Relics Honour. These
then biography gives a good, correct mind about the Gotama Buddha to pay holy reverence, to
remenber to have high faith in Dhamma Methods. When we pay respects with our heads
bowing, we show "Shi-khol" the Act of homage now and here and their at shrines.
_.e:.e_:e. _.e.e:e.
Good Methods of Progress
1. Always do good deeds only
2. Always speak good things
3. Always think good thoughts
There are best Magala for Progress.
D

..:s a:a:. .:s.

A Short Selected Points in
Buddha's Life
(1)
eea:eg.:.e. e_.e:._a.
* Sumeda, the son of billionair, gave away all riches, possessions, and wealth necessities.
* As he met Dipakar and asked for Buddhahood, he got this sure, correct prophecy from
Dipakar the Buddha. At that time he was well-known as "Sumeda " the only son of the
billionmair, just to request for Buddha hood,renunciation, detachment has to be performed
always.
* Sumeda thought deeply: "My grand parents and my parents could not take away their own
money and riches to other lives: they just sought and possessed great wealth comfort,
riches. But they cannot take them to later life. For me I must give away all my inheritance,
my possessions. May wealths, my comforts to all who want to enjoy and let them take
them. I know wealth is not solid things in my heart. With such food and thoughts he
declared: "Kusala" can be taken to next birth and I now give all my wealth to other people:"
And then he became a Sumeda Hermit in the forest to practise Jhna and Abhia. He
donned a hermit's robe and practiscal patience (Khanti).
(2)
eea:.e e: e:aaea.
How Sumeda Got An Unmistakable Prophecy-
* Only Buddha's prophecy is certain, is sure to appeare to you.
* Sumeda the Hermit, meeting Dipakar Buddha, asked for Buddhahood, not power and
wealth, as only wisdom is valuable and stable. He was accompanied and helped by a girl
Sumitt who also offered five lotus bundle to the Bodhisatta, who, in turn offered to
Dipkar to fulfil the vow, to express his vow of Bodhi almost long, difficult in his Bodhisatta
cereer.
* It is important to know Sumitt had a bundle of 8 lotous. She gave five to Bodhisatta. So she
was left with only three lotous groups.
* How Dipakar gave ''Bydita" prophecy-
''This Hermit will become Gotama Buddha. This girl will become his accompanying helper
in Pram fulfillments."
(3)
ae:e.e::. _e:e:. :_e_e eeq e:e.ea.
How Devas and Brahmas requested him to die from devaloka (divine abode).
* After getting the sure prophecy he had to under go trials and errors of pram fulfillments
for 4 aeons and one lakh kappa worlds for fulfillment. When at last after matured living,
he was reborn in Tusit divine realm and he was known as Setaketu, Deity.
* They requested: "Oh Deva! you have had performed params not to enjoy human or divine
bliss but to save living beings by showing the correct method in the right path, you want to
become a Buddha by pram practise. Now is the right time to become the All-knowing
One: so please depart from divine realm by taking your death and then rebirth should be in
the human world: kindly get a new conception as a human being."
(4)
eee:e:e: aee_eeea.
The Dream of Queen My
The conception in queen My's womb took place in Thursday 67 B.E. Ful moon of Vso
(July)
How mother My dreamt a dream:
* The four great gods lifted and brought her body to Himalayar and then placed on the
medicines rock on a thrown salwan bed, under the Ingyin Tree.
* Then wives of gods came and washed her body with the water of Anovata Lake: after
bathing deed, they put divine clothes on her and put to sleep at golden mansion. At that
very moment, the bodhisatta the royal white elephant, entered her right side,after opening
the right rib bone. This was the dream of Queen My.
(5)
ege:g_ q:.e:e. e:._eee:ea.
The birth of Bodhisatta At Lombini Garden
* The Holy Birth took place on Friday, the full moon of Kason on 68 B.E. In the Ingyin
Garden. The Lombini Ingyin Garden was situated in the middle of Kapilavatti Country
and Devadaha Country.( Now Nepal)
* The race of Bodhisatta: His race was Sakiya kings: his father was king Sudhodana of
Kapilavatta Country, he had Amidodana Dawdawdara, Sakkodana, Sukkodana, Amita
Plita as brothers and sisters. Mother Queen Siri My Devi the mother and foster mother
he had His Step Mother Queen Pajapati Gotami. The native country, Kapilavatthu Coun-
try Sakka Division.
* As soon as His birth took place, the brahmas accepted the baby with golden shoulder cloth
and showed the son in front of the Mother, saying, "You have born the powerful son on
earth the final son indeed."
(6)
q:.e:e. e.a_e_ ee:aq:.e e.eaea.
The Bodhisatta Had Shown Archery
* When he reached sixteen years of age, he was married to Princess Yosodara the daughter of
royal uncle king of Devodaha nation Supaboddha, his wife was queen Arit Devi priness
Yosodara was also named Badda Kaccanan.
* Many of his relatives severaly critirized thus: ''the prince is very young, immature not well
educated in martial arts. ''So the Bodhisatta exhibited his great skill in archery to them.
* How His skill in archery was performed:
* He invited the famous experts in Archery in the country and standing from four direc-
tions, he in the middle and all had to shoot arrows at the same time, he defending him off
from them.
* Prince Siddtattha then got kingship, crowing with Queen Yosodara; they had a son named
''Rhul", living in three palaces of Ramma, Suba and Suramma for (15)years.
(7)
e:a. ee:aq: .e:e:._ :.e: ;:.a.
On The Event Of Great Renunciation
Before Great Renunation He looked at His Son at the mother's room
* The Bodhisatta, after careful seeing an old man, a sick man, a dead man, a bhikkhu as
shown by Deva, renounced the world for good. The causative signs were deep and impresive
enough for a Bodhisatta.
* The Bodhisatta had not see these Four Great Signs before: so at once he got a sense of noble
fear in order to let go attachments of wife, concubines, followers, comfort, riches, jewels,
crowns. Also his sense of fear increased when he saw loathsons behaviour of concubines,
female dancers, etc. Slept in disorderly fashion, he saw them as if they were disembodied
corpses in a forsaken cemetary. Thus on that very Four Omens Day meeting he decided to
renounce his sensual world. (It is recorded the Four Omens occoured in one month and also
one each in four months.)
(8)
q:.e:e. _eea. e:q:..a.
The Mra Came To Block Renunciation
* When he totally left the Kingdom he was just 29 years old, a young, lovely, rich, powerful
man. The date of renunciation: Monday the Full moon of Vaso (July) at midnight riding on
his royal horse with his attendent minister Sanna. The obstructer was the Mra( the evil
one) who persuaded not to neglect thus Kingdom by great renuncation.
* The Mra's spoken words: "Oh lord !As Prince in the palace you will get Cakka ratana
vehicle with divine wheel without fail as you have accumulated full wholesome deeds. So,
don't renounce this world. Stay here and wait for these rare, greatest treasure!
* The Bodhisatta's reply: "Oh Mra! I have ( )known it before you come here and report
me! Within seven days this Sakka-ratana vehicle will certainly arrive for me to travel the
whole world. But I have no desire to own this treasure. My sole aim of life is to become a
Buddha in this world and then to give sermons of deliverance, to save all living beings.
Salvation I want, Not riches and treasures in vehicles to possess and enjoy material things.
Go! Go Away!
(9)
q._eq q:.ae:e. e:eea.
The Cutting and shaving Of Hairs
* At midnight time the great renunciation took place uniquely, successfully. Riding his horse
he came near a river (Anom river) at dawn.
* The river had 560 feet in width, Just an obstacle to cross with his horse.
* On the bank of Anom river he cut off is hairs totally and them he threw upwavd to the
sky.Then Sakka received the groups of hairs with a golden cup.
* Cmani ced: Thus Camani cedi is in Tvatisa Deva realm where all the sacred hairs
were enshrined to be worshiped by deities there. The builder was the Sakka king of divine
beings.
* Dussa Ced: This Ced is in Brahma Realm;when the Bodhisatta exchanged clothes for
robes which were kept for this occasion by Brahma God, the cloth (longyis,lion cloth,etc)
was received by this Highest God who built cloth Ced (Dussa Ced.)The name of Brahma
who offered Bhikkhu robes to the Bodhisatta was Ghatikra Brahm: he also offered
Bhikkhu requisites so that Bhikkhuhood would accomplish fully.
(10)
q:.e:e.e:a_ ee:qee. ..a.
King Bimbisara Offered his kingdom and palace
* After 7 days of becoming a Bhikkhu, he went in begging alms rounds in Rjagaha city,
the capital of Rajagaha where king Bimbisra ruled.
* Seeing the face and behavior of the Bhikkhu, he knew prince-bhikkhu was of a high caste
and high class in rank. Uplifting his hand in act, and offering his throne to the Bodhisatta,
not to renounce the world. But the Bodhisatta, categorically refused royal glory and power
as well as sensual pleasures that attended with it. So the king only made a request: "Oh
Lord if you become a Buddha may you please pay a first visit to me in my palace." He
consented and departed from Rjagaha city.
(11)
aqqe: ee:ea.
The Practice Of Great Austerities
* The Bodhisatta, in seeking the highest and the most purifying truths, first decided to ap-
proach the two hermits, ra and Udaka to know Rupa and Arupa ways of practice.
They emphasised no-speaking no comfort method, pointing out as a scepticism so he had
practised the extreme torture of his physi cal body for six years without getting
Bodhi enlightenment.
* He went rounds for alms in Sena village near Uruvela forest, where he did extreme a
scepticism known as Dukkara Cariyas the practices no average man can practise in the
whole world. It is spelt Dukkara (not essy), Cariya means "practice."
How To Practice Dukkara Cariya:
* First, food must not be taken, you eat only the fruits that fall from tree to the ground in
several places.
Second you stay under a tree to hope for fruits to eat if they fall.
Third, eat only one or two fruits you get.
* By these reduction of food, flesh and blood became dried up, even the glowing colour of
his body disappeared by such vegetarianism, strict food discipline. He remained alive only
as skeletons and bones.
(12)
e::a.e: e:e. aee:ea.
Receiving Sujta's Milk Rice-Food
* He had to accept milkirice food to be remaimed alive. This good healthy food was offered
by Sujta, a daughter of a rich man Mahsena living in Sena village.
* By regaining his health he did eat rice food for 49 morsels and vowed: " if today I am going
to become Buddha may this golden cup more upstream; he then sent the cup on the river
which carried up stream as he wished. So, the vow had been accomplished by this sign.
(13)
q:._ee:ea. e:q:_ e.a.
On The Eve of Becoming Buddha State
The Mara came and mode hindrances
(Mra, being a destronyer, tried to harm or hinder the noble wish.)
* The Bodhisatta took rest, having noble view, thought and introspection for moral purity,
sitting alone near a bank of Nerazar river, to spend the day in solitary purity of mind.
* In the evening he went to the Bodhi tree. On his way a grass cutting brahmin offered a
bandle of eight handfuls of grass to him. Then he praceeded and arrived under the Bodhi
tree spreading these grass bundles and vowed: " I will not stand up until I get my aim.
* All-Knowing wisdom, the state of Buddhahood. While sitting in meditation, Brahma, Sakka,
and deitiese came near him to see the result of his attempt.
* At that crucial moment, Mra came and created ugly persons, wild creatures to frighten
the Bodhisatta, with an aim to drive him from his seat. However, like a mother showing
love and pity to her wild, wayward son, the Bodhisatta showed a sense of loving-kindness,
(Mett) to the Evil One. So by gentleness, wildness is conquered.
(14)
q:.a_e eq:e:ea.
The Attainment of Buddhahood
* Just before sunset, Mra and her evil cohorts were driven away: victory was achieved. At
earlynight time he could see and recollect many thousands of his past lives by Pubbenivsa
wisdom knowledge: at midnight time he gained knowledge of seeing billions wandering
in the ups and downs of 31 planes of existence by Cutipda Nana;by savakkhaya na(full
purity of mind) he won Bodhi so the three supreme insihgts resulted in his becoming a
Buddha, called Sabbauta Buddha,the Omniscience Knower of the three worlds.
* The date of supreme enlightement: 103 B.E Wednesday, Fullmon of Kason (Buddha's Day)
at the moment of early dawn. He was then well known as "Gotama the Buddha".
(15)
e.e__e:ea:. e:a._eea.
The arrival of Tapussa and Ballika, and the bestowal of holy hairs to the brothers.
* The First Buddha-Dhamma Refuge Takers: The dwevsika Sarana-gamana means the
Buddha had to tell then to take ''Buddha Sarana Gacchmi and Dhamma Sarana
Gacchmi" only as Sanhta Order was then not yet appeared: when the two brothers trav-
elled in Ukkalpa country,at Ukkala village, Yangon Division, theit former relative, a
deity told them Good news and pointed out the residence of the Buddha. So they visited to
that place.
* Dwevcika: I take refuge in the Buddha; I take refuge in the Dhamma."
To worship always he garthered the sacred hairs which were enshrined in the Shwe-dagon
Pagoda.
* They sincerely believed in the two refuges and told the Buddha their conversion, the first
case in the world.
(16)
eg--e.g.a:. ae_:q:. e:e:ea.
The First Sermon Given To Five Persons living in a group
* Varanasi was 18 Yzan miles from the Buddha Gay where the Buddhahood took place.
There in Isipatana deerpark Migadwana forest. He arrived to deliver his basic Dhamma,
the First Sermon Saturday before the sunset.
* After teaching Dhammacakka with four noble truths 18 Kota billions devas and Brahmas,
headed by Venerable Kondaa won enlihgtement bodhis, starting with Sotpanna state.
* The full numbers of this group were Venerable Kondanna, Venerable Vappa, Venerable
Baddiya, Venerable Mahnma, Venerable Assaji, the youngest Bhikkhu.
* These five persons hat served the Budhisatta in the time of Dukkara Cariya period as her-
mits.
(17)
a;ee:.ae q:.;e.eea.
Veneral Yassa And His Father Met
The Buddha
* The Yassa was born on the day his mother Sujta offered milk rice to the Buddha the first
born son to her.
* The first Three refuge Takers: Tevcika Saranagamana were Yasa, father, mother, house-
hold lay people.
* Tevcika: "Buddha Sarana Gacchmi, Dhamma Sarana Gacchmi, Sangha
Sarana Gacchmi".
(18)
a--_e:e e.e;:qe. q:.;e.eea.
The Badda Viggi Brothers Met The Buddha While They Were Searchng Their Wives
* The brothers (30 in all) were relatives of king Kosala, king of Sarvatthi father was the
same but mothers were different.
* While they are sleeping, a prostitute stole their treasure bag and fled. They ran after her
and searched her far and wide: sometime later they came near the Buddha and made euquiries
in the deep forest.
* Buddha said: " It is better and useful to seek the nature of your mind, to know the so-called
"self" correctly. Why search for a woman?"
* All the Princes admitted and replied that it was for more nobler to examine, analyse the self
then to seek a girl.
* The Buddha told many faults and dangers exist in the pursuit of sensual pleasures (Kma)
and after the minds were softened, he taught the four noble Truths. So, at once they be-
came Bhikkhus to be the "worthy ones". "The perfect saints".
(19)
-ee:q.e:e:. ::_eee:ea.
(Arahant) All the 60 Bhikkhus were sent to various places
as Buddhas supreme Missionaries
* The Buddha, in his first Vassa Rains retreat, had a total of 60 Arahants, namely, five
paca vaggs, Yassa and his father, plus 55 friends. Who won Arahantship.
* When the varso lent was over he sent the Bhikkhus to several countries, saying.
"Bhikkhus! I have destroyed lust of life both human and divine, eliminating all attach-
ments and greed in my heart. I am released from the net of attractions Tanh. And you
all are also free from the clutches of Tanh greed and Tanh luat: i.e. (all pure minds) are
won.
* Go several places, here and there so that you can tell people the Dhamma, the best in the
beginning, the best in the middle, the best in the end. Such Dhamma must be propogated in
various countries as terms and meanings are clearly explained by me: use of words expla-
nation is also correct. Let them hear the pure Dhamma so that those who have few dusts of
defilements, with strong clear wisdom on their eyes can know, understand, enlighten by
my teaching. If such people fail to hear the Dhamma from you, they will suffer heavy
losses, failing to realize the noblest Dhamma. In fact, in the world, there are people who
can easily understand my teaching those who have few desires and a sense of fear (Samvega),
the great insight of initial wisdom.
(20)
e.e.eee:-.a:. a.e:_ee _eeee:ea.
The Subduning of a Nga living near a fire stove
* The names of three Kassapa brothers, the leaders of one thousand pupils and followers.
1. Uruvela Kassapa with 500 pupils
2. Nad Kassapa with 300
3. Gay Kassapa with 200
As hermits, they were worshippers of fire.
(21)
a;e:qeq:ae:e.eqee a;eae __eee __;a.
The calmed veneral Assaji was impressed and watched by
wanderer (future) Venerable Sriputta
* In his former younthful days the future Sriputta was a heretial wanderer, believer of Atta
views. One day he met on a street Venerable Assaji going on almsround. As the demeanour
and faculties were well-controlled, cultured and purified, he at once guessed a unique
Dhamma was in the heart. So he asked: "Lord, what teaching your master had taught to
you?
* The reply of Venerable Assaji, "Our Master Gotama the Buddha taught the truth of suf-
fering and its cause, the truth of cessation of suffering and its causes Magga Sacca. The
methods are excellents and only important in this Dhamma only". By this he become a
Satapana.
* Having satisfied and clarified by this, he returned and told Venerable Moggallna the
good news: the best methods of peaceful living. His friend also reached the Sotpanna
Ariya State.
* These two greates Arahants, chief disciples of Buddha were once followers of a heretic
Sanjava the master of seekers or wanderers.
(22)
ee:qee. ee:eq: ee:. ea.
King Bimbisra Sent Troops To Border To Quell The Great Rebellion
* As king Bimbisra attained Sotpanna Ariyaship, he knew to avoid extremes and to have
balance in moral conduct. Thus he ordered to troops read his instruction.
* Comander! Go and protect the pitiful villagers that are suffering from rebel attacks. They
have to flee from their houses and farms to escape death and injury. So you must go to
relieve and resettle to them quickly. Try to give protection against such dangers.
* So it is significant that the order did not mention to do killings in return just to do and give
safety and protection to the poor helpless villagers facing trouble there.
(23)
:_aeeee:_ q:.;e e-_e_ _e:ea.
The minister Kudy Supplicated The Buddha to pay a visit to
Kapilavatthu The visit of Buddha to Kapilavatthu
* When father Sudhodhana sent each nine ministers with one thousand followers to request
him to visit Kapilavatthu as he longed to see him own son, all of them a total of nine
thousands, all leading-followers: all of them became Arahants and did not care mundane
affairs:monks cannot acted as nessengers or ambassadors.
* At last the king sent birth companion of the Buddha Kudyi to invite the Buddha: he
said: "if you decide to become a Bhikkhu I give permission" At the request of this minister,
the Buddha returned to Kapilavatthu on foot, lasting sixty days to travel, followed by two
lakhs Bhikkhus.
* King Bimbisra built and offered Veuvana monastery.
(24)
ee:e.e:e:.ae a._e_ eeq-e. ;:aa.
Showing miracler to relatives the unsual rain
* When he met his relatives, they did come to see him but no one made a homage to him. All
Sakyan had a pride of birth, in the high caste nation. To quell their pride he showed miracles
by travelling over their heads on a sky,his upper body emitting fire whole at the same time
the lower body flowed with water. This Yamaka ptihriya miracle was the most wonder-
ful of all miracles so the pride of relatives was subdued as they now bowed their heads in
worshipping style. This Fire-Water miracle wonderfully occosioned the must unique rain
ever felt on earth because it soaked when necessary only, no one got wet when it was
unnecessary.
* This rare rain was called Pokharavassa lotus leaf rain, wetting some, drying some only.
(25)
q:.e_ae: g.eae._eee_ ee:aq:;a.a.
How Yasodara touched the feet of the Buddha with her head
* When Buddha paid a visit to the Palace, Yasodara stayed at her mansion, saying " Oh Lord!
If I give a debt of gratitude, he will came and greet me: then only I will pay homage to
him."
* Knowing Yasodara would break her heart it was suitable to greet her in her room, so with
two chief disciples the Buddha entered the mansion after giving the alms bowl to father
Suddhodana.
(26)
q:.;e :.e:q:: aeee:e.a.
The request of son Rhul to Buddha for inheritance
* Yasodara spoke: son! Your Father has come; his physical sacred glory is unmatched in the
world. So ask the inheritance of Cakkavati Universal Monanch; as a lagacy, also you must
have four great golden pots which cannot seen since your fathers departure. These inher-
itances must be yours."
* Rhul asked his inheritance: "He give supramundane legacy to his son, instead of usual
mundane pots of gold and status of universal monarch."
Note: worldly riches are inferior while Dhamma inheritance is the best in the world be-
cause it is both sacred and noble, overcoming birth, old age, sickness and death. These
beliefs must be known as a basic knowledge.
(27)
:-eee.:. -ee: q._ea.
The six Sakkyan princes became Bhikkhus
* The names were:Anuruddh, Buddiya, nand, Bagu, Kimila, Devadatta, with then, as a
follower, barber Upli also entered the order.
* The Sakkyan princes made a request. Since all Sakkayi race is full of pride and conceit, it is
better to give a right of precedence to let Upi the barber to be ordained first, to make him
a senior in rank of vassa. This deed was made to destroy pride.
* So, the ordination started with Upli as the first to be ordained.
(28)
e::e: a;ee:a:. q:.;e_a.
Buddha greeted and welcomed Mahkassapa
* Who had renounced the world to become a Bhikkhu.
As a youth he was known as Pippali. who had jurisdiction over 14 villages and a section of
Army. He was handsome and rich.
* Being of a matured mind, he renouced power, rank and riches and walked towards Veuvana
monastery. Knowing this sacred act and his past Pram performances, the Buddha left the
monastery to welcome the future Mahkassapathera, the saintly Arahant that devotedly
served the cause of Buddha Dhamma: he took interest in the purity of original Dhamma
this welcome and greeting took place about 3 gvuta from Veuvana monastery at the Full
Banyan tree.
* The Venerable Mahkassapa was a rare Bhikkhu who received frequent praises and ap-
provals from the lips of the Buddha, as having the same moral conduct in morality like
him.
* As a consequance of these Buddhas approvals and endorsements, the Venerable
Mahkassapa led the first Buddhist council to compile, analyse and memorize Buddhas
original sermons so that the true Dhamma will not be mixed nor lost in later generations,
the learning must carry on so the noble methods shall endurc for mature Dhamma persons.
(29)
e-:_e__ e._.eq:eg ea_e: eee:e:a.
The Buddha helped to protect calamity at Vesli
* Disease, illness and calamity due to severe draught and famins where thousands died of
hunger and thirst. The corpses with their foul smalls attracted demons and ghosts who
entered the city so deaths increased each day.
* As always the Buddha, out of his great pity by Mahkarun visited Vesl to protect against
three kinds of danger: and at the feet of the Buddha, the Venerable nanda learnt and
recited the Jewel Sutta as a Paritta protective verse; accompanied by Licchav kings and
princes, he sprinkled holy water from the Buddhas alms-bowl in three wells in valleys. So
all demons and ghosts retreated, not harming any body. Even diseases were cured by Ratana
Sutta.
(30)
_eaee:e.eq ee.e:e-e.e :-eae.e.e:. e-.a.
Request for Bhikkhun Order
meeting of Skiya females headed by Step Mother Gotam
* While the Buddha was dwelling in the Nigyodhrma monastery, Kapilavatthu, his step-
mother Gotam requested him to allow the establishment of Bhikkhun Order by proper
ordination of femels according to strict Bhikkhun Vinaya rules.
* At that time Buddha replied: "It is not suitable to admit females in the community ot
Sagha Order. Dont like to have fe males Bhikkhuns: So the rejection or rejusal was
complete.
* Later on nanda made requests to have Bhikkhuns during Bhddhas ministry and the
Buddha then gave permission to ordain females in accordance with stricts and exact Vinaya
rules and regulations as recorded. In Vinaya Pitaka: henceforth a short time Bhikkhun
Ssana existed in india and Srilanka.
(31)
eqee q:.;eae:ea.
The suppression of Saccakas heresy
* Before debate of faiths, the wandering heretic the Atta believer met the Venerable Assaji.
* The Buddha cleary delivered a sermon that inside this body no soul exists: no eternal entity
exists Anatta is selfless, substanless. But Saccaka strongly believes in eternal soul and eter-
nal heaven. Insides this body, he teached an entity exists which transmgrates to another
body.
(32)
a:eeg. ee-e:e.e:a.
The billioniar Anthapidika offered Jetavana monastery to the Buddha
* This Jetavana Monastery site was formerly owned by Jeta Prince in Svatthi.
* Prince Jeta owned the land and it was brought by the rich man Anthapidika.
* How it was brought: all the blocks inside the site were decorated offered by one golden coin
each: so the cost was 14 croreres of rpees.
(33)
q:_..:. q:.:..:.e. ...a.
King Kosala enquired Buddha about sectarian whether they were Gods or
Gods Reprecentatives
* King Kosala wanted to know about heretics whether they were pure ones, knowing ones:
he asked Buddha to explain this problem of religious leaders who admited holiness to the
devotees, making tricks by wandering in towns and villages.
* When they arrived at the kings palace they dared not sit on the grand, high seats. So king
Kosala secretly knew they were not realy holy nor wise: asked whether they were realized
same truths, they admitted they were coventional persons, not gods or vicars of god.
(34)
e:ee. q:.;ea:. ea-ae:. ee.a.
King Kasolla con fessin asked to the Buddha
* All six great famous religious leaders being heretics only, the king then put a direct ques-
tion to the Buddha: are you holy and a religious leader? The six god-men: Prana Kassapa,
Makkhali Gosla, Niganh Ntaputta, Sacaya-belahaputta, Pakudha Kaccyana and Ajita
Kesakambala were heretics.
* A question put to Buddha: Lord Gotama! do you admit and declare you has ominiscient
wisdom?
The Buddha Answer:
The knower is the correct term for me as I know all things, Buddha is the term to be
addressed to me correctly.
"He who knows" (Buddha)
Counter Questions:
Since old, learned persons did not claim ominiscience, is it a fitting thing to declare yourself
as "Buddha" since you are a young man now, it is not suitable for a young man to claim as
"All knower".
The Buddha Counter Answer:
"Oh King! in this world four things even young, should have respect or veneration.
(1) Royal blood (2)Fire (3)Snake (4)Morally excellect Bhikkhu: though young they de-
serve high veneration.
(35)
e.:e.-.ee. a;eee:-: .ee:ea.
The Venerable Moggallna supressed Nandopanada dragon
* On day Nandopanada dragon, being powerful, lived like a deity, enjoying high sensual
pleasure in his own mansion, on the top of a Myin-mo hill (Meru-pabbata), he had a fierce
angry nature too.
* It so happened that on his visit to Tvatisa deva realm, Buddha had fly with Jhna over
the dragon, with his spriutally powerful Bhikkhus. Seeing the Buddha over his head he got
angry and in retaliation, he covered the Myin-mo hill and Tvatisa with his divine hood,
or divine power.
* Therefore, to clear the way, the Venerable Moggallna created himself a large dragon in
size and crushed the Nandopananda by engalf with heavy weighty body. Being painful
and subdued, he admitted defeat and took three refuge as a follower of Buddha: Dhamma
and Sagha.
(36)
e_e:ee. q:.;e ae:ea.
The Buddha himself converted Baka Brahma God
* Baka Brahma lived in the First Jhna place of existnce.
* Above this, there were other Brahma planes, but he did not know these highter realms
delaring his plane as eternally and highest good.
* When the Buddha met him, he told the series of higher Brahma existrnces, better than the
First Jhnic plane: signific anutly the Buddha taught all Brahma planes are not permanent.
So Bakas pride was eradicated in order to become a believer in three refuges.
(37)
-:q.a:. ea.ea;ea:.: _ee:ea.
The Buddha nursed ailing Bhikkhu
* Concerning sick Bhikkhus or Patients, the Buddha told his followers:
" Sons ! As you have renounced the world and also family life, you have no one to nurse
when you in illiness. If a bhikkhu does not give services of nursing to another, who will do
so, let Bhikkhus nurse one another!
(38)
e:e.. a-e: q:.;eae:ea.
The conversion of a wild robber Angulimla
* Angulimla was a son of a Brahmin,he lived under a master as a student at a university. As
he gave good services to the professors family, he got intimacy with the wife of his mas-
ter.
* He was a bright student, obedient and dutiful other students slandered him, and being
jealous saying and inventing a story the illicit love attairs and reported the professor. Wrongly
Angulimla was accused and suppressed by his master.
* To kill him, the professor planed a scheme a sham job telling him " Go and cut one
thousand finger for me as a tuition fee" so he had to depart.
* As a rabber and killer he killed travellers and cut their fingers one at a time. To collect
and keep a fingers in safety he wore them on his neck hence this name: "Angulimla," a
wearer of finger thumbs.
At last one finger a alone was needed to fulfill the 1000 mark. At that day, her mother, to
save him from royal arrest and trial, went into the forest to warn the coming troops. As he
wanted to kill her and took the thumb, the Buddha had to go near him to admonish, to
warn the evil results of killing ones own mother. It he kills her he would not be an Ariy.
So when the Dhamma talk was delivered to at once became an Arahant.
(39)
a;ea-e: :.ee:.ee: e.ea:. eq;ee.a.
Venerable Angulimlas Paritta
* Angulimla Paritta is recited if a mother is in a difficulty at child-birth.
(Pali) Yatoha bhagini Ariyya Jtiy Jto Nbhijnmi Sacicca Pna Jvit Voropet
Tena Saccena Sotthi Te Hoti Sotthi Gabhassa.
Translation-
Sister! Since I attain Ariya State I do not remember a killing. Let thus my asseritvation of
truth be crowned with happiness: let the baby in the womb get happiness.
(40)
ge:-: eqeeee. q:.;e ea.
Cicamnavik accused the Buddha
* She was a beautiful woman, like a goddess in beauty and coslour, glory and fame. But she
was a heretic, wandering village.
* As her heretical master the Titthiyas failed to get offerings and presents when the Bud-
dha appeared on earth, they bore a grudge against him and plotted to kill the reputation and
fame. So they sent Cicamnavik to make false accusation against the Buddha.
* She took a chunck of word, kept under her belly, to look like a pragnant woman. The she
entered the Dhamma Hall while the Buddha was preaching and made false assosiations in
public: why not prepare my confinement room? She told the Buddha. Then a deva in the
giuse of a rat ate the strings of the wood which broke down on the flour. Therefore, devo-
tees beat her and drove her away as the truth was known openly.
(41)
eae:eeq:.a:. q:.e:e:ea.
A Sermon to Queen Khem
* As she was both powerful and lovely she showed pride too much. Even she did not listen to
the advice of king Bimbisra (of Rjagaha) to meet the Buddha: Pride of beauty detainend
her to listen the noble Dhamma as the Buddha repeated ugliness of body.
* The Buddha, to destory her pride of beauty created a much more beautiful girl, fanning
near him so she took interent at the girl. while looking at this world beauty queen the girl
became too old, too ill, too infirm and then death took place showing foulness and ugliness
to the world. Beauty is just in a short moment of time. When a corpse is seen by the queen,
the Buddha told a Dhamma in datail, the unsatisfactory nature of all life. She became an
Arahant and also because a Bhikkhun under Bhikkhun order.
(42)
e.e e:e_e _ea. e:e.ee _ee.ae.eq.q:. e:e:ea.
Coming war between Kapila city and
Koliya city the Buddha teaches the nature of peace on earth
* Both citizens of Kapila and Koliya cities marched to the border where Rohin river flowed.
The water from their river helped promoted rice cultivation of each nation. The dispute
could not be settled and war seemed eminent. Seeing huge bloodshed, killings of the inno-
cents (boys and girls) the Buddha, by peace sermon, pacified his relatives on both sides.
* The Buddha stressed the political peace, to be understood by the nature of peace on earth: "
Oh citizens! What are the values of war, the cost is too great, benefits are doubtful. Human
life is more precious than the waters in a river. Dont waste valuable lives for lifeless things
(Water). Princes can need a life of value if wisdom is attained by the agreement made out
of compromise. So both contending armies withdrew. Peace reigns on earth''.
(43)
:.....: :.-.:. q:..:.:.a.
A famous Dhamma for Kis Gotam
who lost her only child
* Kis Gotam was a wife of a rich man who possessed 40 lakhs of silver coins. A lovely son
was born to her: when the baby was able to stand and walk, he sudenly died. As she did not
yet see the death of a child in her life, her regret was too severe do bear: she thought the
child was in a swoon, not in death. So she asked her relative to give medicine to make him
awake. She daily sought doctors to cure the deed body. She was mad with uncontrolled,
intense sorrow. Her relatives could not console her loss.
* The Buddha Said: I can cure your son to be alive agaim raising from death. Medicine was a
small musturd seed from a house where no death took place, where the family did not
suffer death of a loved one.
* Overjoyed, she went from house to hune in the whole city, asking a musturd seed from a
person who escaped sorrow of transition; each house could not meet the conditions of this
medicine and told her the stern fact that Death is natural: sorrow is unnecessory no one
can bring back life again if Death has come. After these experiences, she regained compo-
sure, steady mind and the truth of omnipresence of Death which pointed her to get su-
preme wisdom in Sotpatti Magga Ariya state: she ordained a Bhikkhum: next day she
attained the unique, noblest Arahant state.
(44)
a:_:-. q:.;e _.-.a.
The Roars of vaka the demon
against Buddha the demon threatens the Buddha in many ways
* waka was not an ordinary demon: he had a special power pertaining to a deva. Because
of his past merits. His palace was on a Banyarn tree, near one gvuta (2 miles) from lav
city.
* While he was attending deva assembly, the Buddha to subdue the prides and to save from
error, entered his room without his permissiom.
* This made him more fierce, wild with anger, and he hurled demons spears, woods, fire to
kill the Buddha: However, Buddhas unique love protected from death and danger. No
weapons touched Buddhas holy body. When he came near the Conpassionate One, Alvaka
was completely subdued and he asked several questions to which the Buddha answered
with the profound philosophy in detial. (see Alvaka Samyutta). After Dhamma discus-
sions a Mangala Act, the fierce, ugly demon with protuding jaws, became civilized in thought,
word and deed. Metta can naturally cool down fires of anger.
(45)
ea::-e_e_e.: _. e.ea.
A Reacently convert General Sha Offered Alms Food to the Buddha and His Followers
* General Sha was a native of Vesl, a follower of a head sectarian Nigantha Nthaputta.
He became a chief advisor to the head of Nigatha Sect, playing an important role in reli-
gious disputes and debates.
* Hearing the good news of high conduct of the Buddha, he decided to challenge him. But his
teacher, Nigaa, refustd permission to go to the Buddha. After three refusals, he went
without asking for permission to the Buddha.
* He asked several questions to the Buddha who answered him with great wisdom and com-
passion. He was conpletely satisfied with Buddhas answers. He said: Lord! From today
onwards I take refuges in three Ratana. May,my lord, recognize me as a devoted Upsaka.
The Buddha consented his wish.
(46)
ae:.eeee._:eee:.eq ea-a__a.
Devadattas wicked scheme to get wealth with the help of Prince Ajtasattu
* While as a beginning as a Bhikkhu under the Buddha, he by his concentration deep prac-
tices, Devadatta won special spiritual powers, both all Lokiya Jhnas and lokiya Abhia
Powers.
* With such high powers he imitated the Buddha and wished to become Buddha, taking His
place by foul or fair means.
* Since prince Ajtasattu was the only Crown Prince, he was sure to become king when her
father died. To make the simple naive Prince his disciple, Ajttasattu created many forms
before him, wonders were shown several times to the Prince to win his confidence. The
miracles and power were-
* He creacted like a youth and then he took a snake to be kept on his belly. Then suddenly he
showed himself in the bosom of the prince. While the prince was trembling with fear, he
told "Dear Prince, dont be afraid: all thus youth and snaks are I, by the name of Devadatta"
Suddenly he created, transformed himself as a Bhikkhu standing before the prince.
Note: The witness and life of Devadatta teaches many moral lessons for all persons today.
(1) Althoug miraculous powers are attained one cannot control ones evil mind. Self control
is a better discipline than taking and making miracles.
(2) No one should give regard to supernatural powers, the powers to create a man before ones
eyes: such a faith is false.
(3) Of coure concentrated mind or will-power can creates strange images or scenes but such
power is of less value than wisdom ataining power. Knowledge must be high and big, not
power: power should be little and well controlled by wisdom.
* Ajtasattu was highly pleased with Devadattas power of transformations as he sup-
ported him with food and robes. As expected Devadatta found progress in prosperity and
wealth. Daily he received 500 plates of breakfast and morning meals. Lbha means gains
for him.
(47)
ae: ae_.e:e_a-. a:._eeaea.
Ajtasattu dissected the toes of his Father
* As suggested by Devadatta the Prince could not wait for the death of king Bimbisra so he
planed to murder his father.
* To see fathers death, he cut off food supply after failing him when he know the king got
health by walking excersise, he cut off the toes so walking would be impossible: he dis-
sected toes with a kinfe.
(48)
ee ae_.e: aq:. eee:_. ae:ee. ee._e.a.
The Prince asked his mother about fathers love
* Death took place quickly when legs ware cut off within a few days. Simultaneously his
queen gave birth to a son. He had become a king then.
* When the birth of a son was reported to him the king felt intense joy for his son. So he
sympthesed now by comparing with his own experience. He asked, felt, pitied and loved
for his father in jail.
* He then issued an order to relesce the old king. The minister submitted a paper telling him
the kings death. Great remorse arose, daily regrets for the crime he had done had been
serious. But he wanted to know what the old father felf for him whem he was born. He
asked about this to his mother.
* The queen replied: " why do you ask now? when you were born Father cared your pain as
pain as a baby. You had itches and sores in your hand so to ease and message pain your
father swallow dirty things the whole night: he monthered, nursed your disease when you
were a baby. So son and mother cried bitterly as memorces told the true case as the kings
love and gratitute was only known after his death.
(49)
q:.;e e.eq e: :_:-qe q:.;e.ee:ea.
The mad Ngri elephant was conquered
* Devadatta told such words to trainers to attack the Buddha:
"All titled, recognized Bhikkhus by supreme arithouty are able to promote your rank. Im
a receiver of kings honourary title. So do as I command. Follow my word. When Gotama
come to this street, release this elephant to attack him.
* Due to these words of Venerable Devadatta, the drivers (Mahouts) of elephants wishing to
get promotions released the Nlgri elephant when the Buddha was begging for almsfood
in Rjagaha streets.
* The Buddha, seeing the wild elephants attempts to tranple him to death, vibrated thoughts
of loving-kindness exactly and emphatically. At this power Nlgri became subdued as a
sense of anger was gone by Metta. So, he stood silenthy in deep respect of the Buddha,
ready to hear the word of the All-knowing One.
(50)
q:.;ea:.e.e_e:q .e:e ae:ee.a.
The Ajttasattus departure from palace to see the Buddha
* Ever since the sad demise of father Bimbisra, Ajttasattu could not sleep soundly as he
had plotted the evil scheme to take the throne within a short time. Insominia destroyed his
sleep and health too. Fear also damaged his heart.
* He knew Buddhas teaching could soften his sorrow and remorse but, having committed a
serious patricide crime, he dared not approach the Buddha in his fear.
* On the lovely Tazaungmon full moon day, seeing the clear bright sky, he lamented: "In this
lovely night I want to ease my guilty conscious to some extent: where do I need to seek for
help?"
* Then the royal doctor Jvaka advised and took him to the residence of the Buddha to hear
consolation Dhamma from the Buddha, the Compossionate One. Even the arrival at Jvaka
mango grove made his heart at ease, looking at lovely mangoes and birds. singing sweet
songs; when he did see Buddha at Jetavana garden his mind became soft, gentle and noble
as he saw 1000 Bhikkhus sat silently, serenely, respectfully near the Buddha. Not a sound
or a cough was heard so silent was the place. This noble happy state is the outcome of
"seeing Noble Bhikkhus face to face: Magala of seeing samanera, the cool ones.
(51)
ee:qeaa:. e:e:;e_:e. ;ee:qe e_e:_ea.
The problem of future lives solved for king Pysi
* The faith of king Pysi were (1). There was no future life or lives. (2) There are no divine
births needing no ten month confinenment like humans: yet devine are not born at once.
(3) There are no evil results for evil deeds: (4) There are no good results for good deeds.
These beliefs are nihilistic as well as atheistic or materialistic in this world. Many believe if
a person dies there is no future birth for him, that is, Nihilism today.
* The Venerble Kumra Kassapa asked him deep questions: "O King! Are moon and sun
exist within this world (within this cosmos) or outside the Universe. The beings as moon
and sun exist or not? If there are living beings then are they humans or divine or mystical
ones? The Bhikkhu also pointed out the moon and sun to study exactly, to answer his
questions.
* From successivs step-by-step questions and interesting, meaningful dialogue, the heretic
was cleared of heresy once and all. Thus purity was attained at once.
(52)
q:.;eeqe:e:ea.
The Buddhas taking of Mah Parinibbna
the event of last departure from the world
* The Buddha, after saving countless living beings by ways of instructions of Dhamma meth-
ods day and night, had already performed his duty satisfactorily.
(Now he was getting too old at 80, the completion of 45 Rains-Retreat (Vassa) so naturally
his death was termed total cessation of all the worlds or Mahparibbna taking. This holy
event took place on Tuesday.)
* The Final Admonition of the Buddha: ''These matter-mind groups are based on condi-
tions and causes for their arisings: their facts and realities must be remembered always as
they also possess the nature of dissolution. Be always mindful vigilant of appearing and
disappearing realities''.
* Thus the last person who met of the Buddha was named " Subbadda, who asked the last
crucial questions to him." Venerable Lord: in this world many have founded religions with
faime and followers. Do they correct in their declation of their revelations? Do they know
the Dhamma facts in all as they claim categorically so? or are they speaking blindly? are
they boasting ?
* The Buddha replied "Enough Subhadda! The case is not suitable to declare openly by me.
The circumstances now are not favourable as Im about to take Mah parinibbna: this is
not a time to ask such questions let the questions merely put on record for suitable time and
chance". In this last sermon the Buddha openly declared that besides his Middle Way Ssana
teaching, no one had attained the absolute highest moral purity." I see no saints other than
in my religion" said the Buddha.
(53)
_e_.:e.e.:. .ae..:_. a:.:.e.e.a.
The distribution of Buddhas holy
relics by Doa professor of eight Kings ruling eight Kingdoms
* Since five sacred khandhas totally ceased to exist by final complete liberation in
Mahparinibbna, he solemnly vowed some bones, hairs be remained on earth as his image
and representive truly, for devotees refuge.
* As Buddha bones becoming holiest relice on earth like Buddha himself, Jambudpa kings,
especially Ajtasattu wanted either peacefully or forcefully. Since many kings contested to
have them, war was likely. To avoid bloodsheed professor Dona, rightly believing that he
was the best person to destribute the sacred relics said: " you, oh kings! you must obey my
word as your professor:" Buddha is rightly famous for his unique eternal patience in both
mentally and phisically spheres and conditions. The essence of Buddha teaching is to prac-
tice patience in practical life". When quarells ceased, he divided eight parts on the relic pile
and distributed in judicious manner: so in sixth B.C. India can boast of thousands of relic
Pagodas enshrined truly represanting the Buddhas physical body.
(54)
ee-e:ee:ea.
The cause of holding the first Buddhist Council
* The unkind, selfish speech of Subhadda: he spoke thus, " Bhikkhus! do not weep, do not
cry over the final passing away of the Buddha: this is the time be happy because when
Buddha was alive he forbid many deeds not to be done by us: Vinaya is very strict, light
like ropes around our necks: now we are free" (this monk was an old, divorced) person who
bore grudge not the Subhadda who came the Parinibbna ceremony to meet the Buddha
for the last time: the unkind Subhadda was a heretical wanderer in Paribbjaka Order. So
to maintain the original Discipline the first council was held.
The place of country: Rjagaha
The site of first council: near Vebra mountain, in the same cave.
Supporter: king Ajtasattu
The chairman: The Venerable Mah Kassapa the Great
Participants: 500 greatest Arahants in Ssana who won Salabhinna state.
Year of Meeting: 1st Buddhist Era i.e 644 B.C.
(55)
ae-e:ee:ea.
The Second Buddhist Council
* The Causes:Bhikkhus living in Vajji country rejected some Vinaya rules and in-
vented new unlawful Vinaya: The Ten Adhamma Vatthu attacked the original rules for all
Bhikkhus; they actually presented their new rules of ten. Also there was a split in the Sagha
some were not good for correct moral conduct.
The Country: Vesl
The Site: Vlukrma Monastery
Patron: King Klsoka
Chairman: Venerable Yassa Mahthera
Members: 700 Arahants with greatest moral powers
Date: 100 Buddhist Era
(56)
e_-:a:ee ae:e:ee. e.e_e:ee
Emperor Dhamm soka worshipped the Venerable Nigroda Smanera
* Nigroda Smanera was the great person who could convince Asoka to be a supporters of
Ssana as defender of faith by delivering a series of Dhamma lectures as well as by his
personal example of self-control. He quoted the Dhammapada Gtha "Headfulness is the
Deathlessness: be mindful always to overcome the power of death. Heedlessness is Death".
(57)
e-e:ee:ea.
The Third Buddhist Council
Causes: (1) Many haretics introduced their own personal faiths metaphysics and bad
conduct into the pure basic Buddhism: they became Bhkikhus to get wealth and food, naglecting
the original Dhamma: they did a serious harm to the original Ssana by their new personal
philosoplical interparatations of the canon. The other reason was that it was then necessory to
expel many sham, imitating Bhikkhus from the Sagha Order.
Country: Ptaliputta
Site: Asokrma Monastery
Patron: SiriDhamm Asoka
Chairman: The Venerable Mogga-liputtatissa Mahthera, the Arahant
No of participants: One Thousand great Arahants
Year: 235 B.C
(58)
ag-eee. aq: e:e:e:. eee:e:.a.
Invitation to Bhikkhus by King Duhgamani while in his military compargns
* In Sirilanka (Then Sihala) Duhgamani had to queall the Tamil rebels threatening the
Ssana by heratical views and military conquest. The king supplicated thus: "Reverents! I
take war only as a defensive measure as the island was nearly ruled by Tamils. I humbly
request your Reverends to accompany in my campaigns against invaders."
* Hence, the reverends seleted healthy, young Bhikkhus to accompamy with the kings Army.
* It is significant that he encased a Buddhas sacred relic on top of his royal spear. He
repeartedly affaitmed his Prayers "I have to make war on foreign invaders. War now is
necessory not to enjoy royal status and power. I attemp to expel the Tamils with great,aim
and noble effort to preserve the purity of Buddha Ssana" these mottos were inscribed on
palm leves to let them know to his enemy.
* To make the meaning clear he composed a poem:
"My self my interest I have none in this war
Attempts here mean not for me but for Ssana
Perpeituation of Dhamma is noble
For religion I must sacrifics my life too
This attituds unswayed by war.
(59)
--eee._ eeaq:ee:ea.
Writing of Pli canon during King Duagamani
* In his turbulent reign, Ssana was nearly disappeared due to frequent wars, faminess and
fleeing of many learned Bhikkhus to safety.
* In Srilanka, Bhikkhus seldom got almsfood, because great famine occured with physical
suffering. The Sagha found hard to memorize the thousands of Pli texts: memorizers
were scarce: to recite Sutta meaning is a great difficulty of effort.
Canses
(1) wars and famines frequent
(2) Learning by heart was too difficult in those time.
(3) The departure of learned Bhikkhus from Srilanka.
* To present the decay and decline of noble teaching of the Buddha, all authentic approved
Suttas of 1st, 2nd, 3rd Councils were checked and approved for the fourth time in Council
writing. This fourth Buddhist Council was known as "Writing on Palm Leaf-Manuscripts"
Country: Srilanka (Sihala= old name)
Site: Malaya Janapada
Place: soka Cave
Patron: King Vattagmani
Participant Number: Five hundred great Arahant
Chairman: Mah Dhammarakhita Mahathera
Year: 450 B.E (I.B.C)
(60)
e_e:e:. ae:q:ee.e: eee:ea.
How King Anawratha placed Pitaka canon in Bagan
* Anawratha, King of Bagan destiny, ordered and brought the written palm leave Pali canon
to his city from Thahton, the Mon country: He also built a "the-pon" Cedi near the bank of
Ayeyawady River at Bagan but, he died before this Shwe-Zi-Gon pagoda was completed.
* When Kyansittha took the throne, he continue to built the pagoda because Shin Arahan
advised him.
* Build in the year 393 M.E. by Anawratha his son Kyansittha worked for its completion in
452 M.E.(M.E= Myanmar Era)
(61)
a:.:q:._. :.ee._. _e:ea.
How nand Cave Temple was built by King Kyansittha
* Arahants had shown, by miracle, the design of Nanda cave. So, Kyasittha built the pagoda
to be named "nand" Temple, the most beautiful one in Bagan.
* Date of building nand: the short rhime "Shwe-Pyint-Ky, nand was built=means "it
was in the year 452 M.E. the cave temple was built".
* It is still the best archete dural pattern in Myanmar art: it is the most world famous pagoda
of Myanmar in the world.
(62)
-e:;e qee_.;ee:e ___a.
A Devational Deed of Queen Shin Saw Pu To Shwedagon Pagoda.
* The two brothers from Okkalpa city went trading to Majjhimadesa (Now India) and they
received holy hairs from the living Buddha; they also brought other holy relics of ancient
three Buddhas to Yangon (Myanmar) to be enshrined in Shwedagon on Singuttara hill and
the Pagoda was known as " Four living relic Pagoda," the relics and bowls (walking stick
etc.) of Kakusadha, Kongamana, Kassapa, Gotama Buddha's holy hairs were enshrined
in the relic chamber, now known as "Four Buddhas" Relic Pagoda But due to the name of
Dagon city it is commonly refered to as "Shwe-dagon" the golden Dagon Pagoda.
* During succeeding centuries, severe climate and frequent earthquakes damaged some parts
of it, and many kings repaired or renovated again to keep the old sytle. The last soverign to
make repairs was the famous Queen Shin-Saw-Pu.
* She took the throne in 830 M.E. and at 78 years of age she died after placing her head and
crown toward the Shwedagon pagoda in deep veneration.
(63)
:ee:_. aeeee. _e:ea.
Inscriptions at Kalyn Sm,Bago
* In ancient times secterian or denomination difference make wide difference in belief and
conduct Neither unity now harmony prevailed splits discension or dogmaticism arose. So
many attempts were made in former times to unite all views, all sects and denominations in
Myanmar seeing the Sangha had sectarian out look, kings used to make attempts at unifica-
tion.
* At that crucial time (15 th century A.D) King Dhammaced, soverign of Hanswaddy (Mon
state) performed religions purity in Sagha ordination proceduce. As purely consecrated
Sm hall is always necessory to have pure or real Bhikkhus, he sent 44 Bhikkhus in 837 B.E
to Srilank for valid Sagha ordination at the Kalyn river Sm hall where new
Upasammadakamma Vivaga rites were done agaim for purity in the Sagha. His alm was
to get uniformity in Sangha.
* When they returned to Myanmar (Pegu-Hanswady) a new Kalyn Sm was built on
Shala model and thousands of Mon Bhikkhus were re-ordained here by valid ordination
by Master-Bhikkhus. Today this Sm still exists in Pegu.(Bago)
* Near this Sm a series of rock edits recorded why and how Kalyn Sm was consecrated
in Pli.
(64)
ee..ee.q:._. e:aq:ee:ea.
King Mindon of Mandalay made Rock Pillar Scripture
* Pli canon after fifth Buddhist council where 2400 Bhikkhus chanted in unison all
the previous approved canonical texts. At that time Mandalay had thousands of Pli lecturers
and Buddhist scholders who were supported by the pious king. Huge learned monasteries exist
even to day so rocks are inseribed with Pali canon by the numerous learned Mah Theras.
* These events under King Mindon were known as " Fifth convenor of the Buddhist
Council, Mindon the great.
Country: This Ratanapon Capital (now Mandalay)
Site: Near the Mandalay hill
Patron: King Mindon
Chairman: The Venerable Ashin Jgara Mahthera
No.of Sagha In council: 2400
Year: 2400th years of Ssan Era.2415 M.E 1877 A.D.
(65)
e;._ee:ee.e:._ aa_ee ee:;ee_a.
Myanmar Kings love and enjoy Dna Deeds
Charity is a special work of Myanmar kings
* Old kings, being desirous of Dhamma, protected Ssana with the advice of their devoted
ministers.
* Ministers and officials seldom did injustice or took bribes.
* Since Dhamma was popular, climate was good and economic thrived, farmers were happy
with their work.
* Foreign exchange was saved because no huge foreign imports were wasted then and rice,
oil, food were in plenty.
* Only few theives and robbers existed then, thank to great, widespred monastic education in
many cities and villages.
:s .a...:. za:
The importants moral lessons from
Buddha's biography
(1) As a bodhisatta under Buddhas promises, he had performed ten Prams for several
centuries in many lives.
(a) To serve worlds welfare, (b)to promote national economy (c) to get ones wish of
becoming a Buddha, that is, personal interest for his own good.
Seeing these series of lives and works, we all should try our best (a) to do duty for our
own country (b) to promote good things in our enviroment or locality (c) to serve our self
integrity under wealth, health and happiness also.
(2) We have noted that the Buddha had to become first a good, moral person before
having a Bodhisatta and attain Buddha nature. Moral good comes first in ones own life.
Taking the example of such Bodhisatta we all should try to cleanse our bad belief, wrong
conduct, heresy etc. as a priority and preparation for liberation.
We have also learned that Buddha by avoidance of evil deeds, beautify and adorn the
whole world and the universe as no one is injured or hurt by a Buddha.
Taking this lesson to heart, we all should avoid doing harm to other but to create the
good things of life. Especially envronment and nature must be protected well, scientifically
and morally.
The Buddha in his Parami days show a good, scientific system, avoiding rashness and
roughness the two extrenees or unscientific deeds in life. Life must be based on a good edu-
cated plan like a scientific work of a good man. Which mean real Parami Deeds now.
Seeing these personal examples we all should do the same to create welfare of all by a
correct plan and right methodlogy, based on right aim or attitude (cetan).
We have noticed that prayers must be followed by correspading moral work: harmorny
between desire and realisation must maintained throghout ones own life, from birth to death.
Harmorny is important Honesty must prevail as the greatest Mangal.
By imitating the life of Buddha we should plan exactly what we wish to do by deep
consideration we all can attain one greatest aim exactly. So long as we are single- minded and
preserve in work for it, we will get all-round success. The only need to you is not to lose sight
of your objective or aim and then do the needful exactly.
After studying this Biography of Buddha
-Each can get insight according to his or her ability and need
-Each will know the true life of Buddha in a successive and systematic way
-A person, when knowing in homage, can get deep emphascs and sigmficant in so called
comman deed
-In time you become a true Buddhist in this present life
Therefore, try to teach and learn the biography of this supreme Buddha of three realms
of this world. I wish all learnes and teachers to copy the mind, aim, out of the Buddha's life.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
:s..
Notes on Biography of the Buddha
1. One who asks a promise to become a
Buddha the name of a billionair
Hermit name = Sumed the Hermit
2. The life he led = Hermit Sumed In Hermit life
3. The Giver of Promise(Byditta) = Prophecy by Dpakar Buddha
4. Day of reciveng prophecy of
Buddha hood = Fullmoon day, Kason (April-May)
5. Co-assitant in param work = Sumitt
6. Time required
For Param Fulfillment = 4 aeons and one lakkappa time.
7. The Aim of working Param
to completion = To serve all living beings to be beneficial
8. Ten Param = Dna,Sla, Nekkha-mma, Pa, Vriya, Khant,
Sacc, Adi hna, Mett, Upe kkh, learn ten
Pram names now.
9. Five great for -saking (sacrifices) = Wealth, son-daughter, wife, limbs, life must be
sacrificed totally, clearly
10. Three services = (a)to the world (b) to the relatives (c) to personal
morality and insight
11. One life just before Buddhahood = As Setaketu deva in Tavatis abode
12. Who made requests to him. To become
Buddha in human world = Dovas and Brahmar from 10000 worlds and cos-
mos
13. Date of embroy in womb = 67 B.E. Thursday fullmoon day of Waso
14. Bodhisattas native country = Kapilavatthu
15. Place of birth = Middle of Kapilavatthu and Devadaha
16. Exact place where birth took place = Lumbin Ingyin forest
17. Date of birth (Month and Year) = 68 M.E. Friday fullmoon of Kason (May)
18. Co-birth babies in that time = nanda, Bodhi Tree, Sanna, Golden pot, Kaaka
the horse
19. The race of bodhisatta = The Sakiya(Sakyan) race
20. Name of Bodhisatta = Prince Siddhattha
21. Name of Father = King Suddhodana
22. Name of Mother = Siri MahMy Dev
23. Name of Step Mother = MahPajPati Gotam
24. The royal wife = Yasodar (a) Badda kacana
25. Name of his son = Rhul
26. Time when Mother dies = 7 days after birth of Bodhisatta
27. Age when Marrige took place = 16 years old
28. Parents of Princess Yosodara = King Suppabuddha Queen Amit Dev of
Devadaha
29. Total no-of Reign of Bodhisatta = 13 years (from 16 year old to 29 year of age)
30. Name of three grand palaces = Ramma, Suba, Suramma (Winter, Rain, Summer)
31. The four great signs = Old man, sick man, Dead man and a Bhikkhu
32. Age when renouned the world = 29 years old
33. Year of great renunciation = 97 B.E.
34. Month and time of renunciation = At midnight Monday fullmoon day of Waso
35. person who helped in renunciation = Minister Sanna and horse Kaaka
36. The deity who protested = The Mra, the evil one
37. A person who offered robes = Ghatikra Brahm god
38. Place where hairs are removed = At Bank of Anom river
39. The width of Anom river = Three gvuta wide
40. What is the meaning
of Dukkara Cariya? = No ordinary person can do the kind of deed. (As-
ceticism Extreme)
41. Where Dukkara Cariya done? = In Uruvela forest
42. How many years? = (6)Years (97 B.E to 103 B.E)
43. Who offered Gan Milk Rice = Sujt, a richmans daughter
44. Where milk rice was offered = At the feet of Ajapla Banyan Tree.
45. Place where golden
cup was sent afloat = Nerajar River
46. The offer of Eight
bandles grass groups = Punna the grass cutter Sotthiya
47. The one who tried worry before
Buddhahood was gained = Mara (the Devapu-tta) Mra: deity mra
48. What great great insight wisdons
attained = Pubbenivasa at early early night Dabbacakku at
midnight Asavakkhaya Nara at dawn
49. Age when Omniscience gained = (35) year old
50. Year of Omniscience attained = 103 B.E
51. Omnisience month, day, time = Wednesday fullmoon of kason (may) Early
Moring at Dawn
52. The Title and Name of him = Gotama the Buddha, All knowner
53. Life span for Buddhahood = 100 year life span
54. Place of Dhammacakka Sutta = Brnasi Country Migadwana=deer park.
55. Time and Month = 103 B.E Saturday even of sunsetting time
56. Persons who heard Dhammacakka = Five Vaggs and devas and Brahmas
57. Names of Paca vaggs = Ven.Koaa, Ven.Vappa, Ven.Baddiya,
Ven.Mahnam, Ven. Assaji
58. First converts in Saranagamana = Two merchant bro-thers, Tapussa and Ballika
59. What presents he given to them = Eight sacred hairs
60. Where enshined = At Shwedagon Pagoda
61. First Takers of Full Three Refugees = Youth Yassa and Family
62. Eight Great victories = Over Mra,vaka, Nlgiri (Elephant),
Agulimla, Cicamnavik, Nadopananda
(Dragon), Baka the Brahma, Saccaka the Sectarion
Wandere.
63. First Convert, Last, Convert = Ven-Koana, and Sunhadda the Wandere.
64. Right-hand Chief Disciple = Ven Sriputta
65. Left-hand chief disciple = Ven Moggallna
66. Instructions Teachings Ssana = Pariyatti, Patipatti, Pativeda Ssana admonitions,
learning, practice for realization.
67. Step by step Practices = Sla, Samdhi and Pa
68. Buddha unique method = The Middle Way moderate path (eight fold path)
69. His Years of serving the world = (45)years=(45) vassas
70. Year of Parinibbna = 148 B.E (644 B.c)
71. Day,month,time of Parinibbna = Thursday fullmoon day of Kason, at dawn,at the
time of rising sun
72. Age of Parinibbna = (45)vassa (80) years
73. Place of Parinibbna = Ingyin Garden of Mall kings Kusina gara
74. Last admonition of the Buddha = All rpa and nma that arise have the nature of
dissolution Existence, the becomings are liable to
disappear. Use sati at all time . Be vigilant in all
spheres
75. Day of Tejo Dhatu Burning = (148)B.E Sunday 12th wanning kason moon (620)
B.E
76. Remains of Sacred relics = 8 viss (2 baskets full)
77. Vows of the Buddha for relics = Aim to give happiness and welfare to
thedevotees,disciples by the holy relics worship.
For the good of the world
If you are a buddhist start learning the life of the Buddha in detail and in holy se-
quences, you get holy peace.
D
With Suddodana With Suppabuddha
Mah My
Prince Siddhattha
Gotam
Prince Nanda
Princess
Janapadakalyn
Amit
Yosadar
Devadatta
Plit
Prince Siddattha + Yasodar = Prince Rhul
Shanu+Kacana Yosodara+Acana
1.Suddhodana
2.Amitodana
3.Dhotodana
4.Sakkodana
5.Sukkodana
1.Mahmy
2.Gotam
6.Amit
7.Plit
3. Suppabuddha
4.Dantapni
S
o
n
s
S
o
n
s
D
a
u
g
h
t
e
r
s
D
a
u
g
h
t
e
r
s

Geneology of Buddha
His Ancestors And Relatives
_.:ea ._..
King of Kapilavatthu King of Devadaha
Shanu, son of
King Jeyyasena
Yosodar, daughter
Kacana, daughter
of King Okksakka
son Acana
+
+
:s ..a.a.,......:...:.
Old Questions: First Grade
"Life of Buddha"
Note: by studying illustrated Biography the numbers of each scenes, answer the follow-
ing questions: The number in brackets ( ) indicates the extracts of that book about Biography
of the Buddha.
1. Name of father of Bodhisatta(see scene 5), Mother name (5), Date of birth (5), Place of
Birth (5).
2. Mention the name of the Horse he had rode when he renounced the world; the gripper
of horse Tail, the time of Renunciation, the detainers who said not to go to the forest.
(8)
3. Mention the names correctly :-
The name of Bodhisatta the before the prophecy he received.
The mane of co-parami (assistant) worker at that existence.(2)
4. Write the dream of Mother My when the conception took place.(4)
5. (a) Where the Dhammacakka was preached.
(b) The day and date.
(c) To whom the Buddha preached(16)
(6) Mention the names rightly
(a) the native place of Bodhisatta
(b) locality of place of Bodhisatta
(c) Month of his birth
(d) day of the month(5)
(7) Answer the following questions, (a) the age the Bodhisatta renounced the world(8), (b)
the age when Buddahood is attained(14), (c) the age of Parinibbna (5).
(8) Write a dialogue between Bodhisatta and Mra at the time of his great departure.(8)
(9) Mention the following. (a) the number of lotus groups deliverd to Sumeda by Sumitt(2),
(b) the name of King who gave his kingdom to the Bodhisatta(10), (c) the name of
forest in which Dukkara cariya was practised(11), (d) the date, year, month and the
time ofpreaching the Dhammacakka Dhamma.(16)
(10) Write the reply of the Bodhisatta to Mras prevention not to renounce the world. (8)
(11) When the lent was over, the Buddha sent sixty missionaries to foreign countries. Write
what he said to these missionaries ready to go and preach(19).
(12) Mention the following (a) the first person who won Sotpatti magga (16), (b) the name
of the son of Sujt (17), (c) persons who searched their women while enjoying picnic
in Uruvela Forest(18), (d) the name of the three persons the Buddha had helped won
liberation of three hermits(20), (e) the first teacher of Venerable Saripatta (20) .
(13) Mention the following:-
The date, year, month, day of winning Boddhahood (14). The name of a person who
told the Buddha had appeared (15). The number of living beings who attained libera-
tion of Sotapatti by deities (16). The name of the last minister who invited the Buddha
to come to Kapilavatthu.
(14) What is the practice of Dukkara Cariya (11) , Rewrite words Ashin Assaji to tell Sriputta
in reply.
(15) Write first the words Tapussa and Ballika told to the Buddha in complete manner(15).
(16) Mention the following:-
(a) the monastery offered by king Bimbisra(23), (b) the number of arahant followers
accompaning the Buddha to Kapilavattu(23).
(17) Write in full the following:- What was the vow of Bodhisatta when he floated the
golden cup (12)
The vow while sitting on a Bodhi seat Pallaka.(20)
(18) Mention the following :
(a) The two hermits after Buddha became a Bhikkhu(11). (b) The place of Sujata, wife
of a rich man(12). (c) The Bikkhu who liberated Sariputta as a Sotapanna (20). (d)The
name of three hormit brothers (22).
(19) Explain and write the follwing
The blames spoken against the Bodhisatta by parents of daughters (6). The Buddha
reciving some amount of grass by Grass-Cutter Brahmin. How much?(13). _ ea s:~
ae
20. Mention the following :-
The pagoda that exists only in Brahma world (9). The servants who served the Bodhisatta
while doing Dukkara Cariya(16).
The name of a river where his golden cup afloated (12) .
(21) When Budhahood was attained, he got there insights give time of attainments exactly(14).
D
.xn. .-x::.. (.a:),.,:...,::n._-
First Grade
Lei-in-Su Magala Examination
Sample Questions and Answers
1. Translate the following Pli Magala into English.
(a) Pj ca pjaneyyna
(b) Bhusaccaca
(c) Dhamma cariyca
(d) Santutthca (e) Brahma cariyaca.
2. Write the following Magalas in Pli.
(a) To do unconfused, unmixed work.
(b) To know ones debt of gratitude.
(c) To place ones body and mind on right path.
(d) To avoid intoxicants and drugs.
(e) To remain steady and calm before worldly conditions
3. Write the following in Magala poetry.
Gravoca Nivtoca Sanhca Kataut.
Klena Dhammasavana Eta Magala-muttama.
4. Mention what Magala is a attained by the following persons who has done or reflected
Magalar in darly life.
(a) Those who praise and gave presents to winners in examinitions.
(b) Those who has good voice, high intellect.
(c) Those who buy and sold opium andharmful drugs.
(d) Those who give good service to the quarter and village.
(e) Those who do not attend Magala classes.
5. Write the Magalas No.6, 11, 16, 21 and 26 and then what Magala are destroyed by the
following statements?
"Maung Mei did not help his parents moreover he did not attend school regualy and he did
not learn the lessons each day he did not put almsfood to Bhikkhus in the morning he did
not obey the instructions of his teacher.
6. Menation exactly the following
(a) The month in which the Bodhisatta was born.
(b) The month in which he went into the Forest.
(c) The year of becoming Buddhahood.
(d) The year of his Parinibbna.
7. Corret the errors mentioned in bracket.
(a) The Buddhas royal father was (Suppabuddha) and real mother was (Gotam).
(b) The Bodhisatta was born on (Tuesday) (67 B.E.)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
. : _e._a
Model Sample Answer
Grade : First Grade
Roll No : (e) 100
Name : Maung Phyu
Age : 12 Years
Parents : U Ni+Daw Nyo
Native (Residence) : Lei-In-su Village, Ma-U-Bin, Township
Examination centre : Lei-In-su high school (Ah-hta-ka)
Question No
1. (a) To honour those who are worthy of honour.
(b) To have wide, general knowledge
(c) To practise virtuous Dhamma
(d) To be contented with what one gets
(e) To practise high moral conduct (or) to avoid sexual affairs.
2. (a) Ankulca Kammant
(b) Kataut
(c) Attasamm Paidhica
(d) Majjhapnaca Samyamo
(e) Phuttassa loka dhammehi citta yassa na kampati.
3. poetry
Respect give to all elders, higher, subdue pride humble always.
Follow not the path of gread.
Contentment is supreme Magala for all.
Aknowledge the debt of gratitude.
Three ways of the wise.
Hear after the true, naturalistic Dhamma.
This is worlds Magala Universal.
4.(a) Pjca Pjaneyyna Magal appears
(b) Pubbeca kata Puat Magal appears.
(c) Anklca kammant Magal appears.
(d) Klena Dhamma svana Magal appears.
5. In the case of No.6 Attasamm Paidhi Magala appears.
In the case of No.11 Mtptu Uppathna Magal appears.
In the case of No. 16 taknaca Magal appears.
In the case of No.21 Appamdoca Dhammesu Magal appears.
In the case of No.26 Klena Dhamma-svana Magal appears.
Those who do not attend school regularly has destroyed Attasamm paidhi Magal:
they have no self-disipline to go to school each day.
Those who do not learn lessons regularly has destroyed Attasamm paidhi Magal.
Those who do not give help to their parcuts have destroyed Mtptu Upathna Magal.
Those who do not obey the instructions of their teachers have destroyed Sovaccassat
Magal.
6. (a) The month of Kason (May).
(b) The month of Vaso (June).
(c) The Mah Era 103 Great Era.
(d) The Mah Era 148 Great Era.
Note: All condidates should know there is a diffreent meaning between Mah Sakkarit
and Mah Era=(Mah Sakkarit) you all must put "Mah" in sakkurit word, to get marks.
7. (a) The royal father of Buddha was (Suddhodana) his mothers correct name is
(Srimahmy Dev)
(b) The Bodhisatta was born on (Friday) in (68) Mah Sakkarit=Mah Era Great Era.
If a student or a scholar deeply studies the following questions and answers as "mod
els" he wine five profits:
(1) He or she can translate pli into Myanmar
(2) He or she can translate Myanmar into pli
(3) He can recite or write verses of Magal and allied topics
(4) He can examine what constitute a Magal; what destroys a Magal
(5) If a question is asked about the number of a Magal or allied topics in it, he or she
can answer correctly
(6) All can answer Buddhavamsa "Life of Buddha" in exact way: all can correct mis-
takes and errors in it.
Therefore all students need to memorize all the Magala in Pli: translation in Myanmar,
recite the Ledi Sayadaws's Seven Days Life of Buddha, storting with " Three Realions Over
Them" or "Thon-Lu-Shin-bin" Buddha's Life in Poem. The remaining portions should be used
as a reading text only, to remember next time if necessary.
When you write answers please do the following:-
1. If a page is destroyed in an answer book, put the correct question number on your answer
in writing: keep a short space to let the examiner to give marks
2. In a middle blank page, write the question numbers you have answered
3. No one should write questions agains to be answered
4. If the questions have (a) (b) (c) etc. write the answers on the middle blank page in your
answer book
5. If a full answer in writing is complete, put a long line underneath.
6. Writing must be clear and correct.
7. When a name is put on, try to write (Maung) for male, (Ma) for female
8. When a name is written try to state the standard or form; number of examination now
answered; age: name of fathre and mother: address: all blanks must be filled now.
Pli must be correct:
spelling must be correct.
" Note:- All students living in Ma-U-Bin Town Ship can appear for the Magala Exami-
nation; even ordinary laymen and Lay women can answer the tests with young boys, young
girls, etc; They should take the mode No.2 book to answer all; write to socretary, Buddhist
Magal Society, Lay-Ein-Su-village, Ma-u-bin Township, Myanmar before Full Moon of
Tawthalin (September-October) send it in time.
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.z..z .::.... .a.a. .... ..:. ..:.
Old Questions On Magala Examination By YMBA.
1335 M.E (1973)
(First grade)
(10 marks for each question)
(A) Magala questions, answer 4 question
1. Translate the following Magala into English.
(a) Vinayoca susikkhito
(b) Anavajjni Kammni
(c) rat P P
(d) Sovaccassat
2. Translate the following Magala into Pli.
(a) To be resided in a suitable
locality.
(b) Support relatives.
(c) Know the debt of gratitude one gets from other.
(d) Listen to the Dhamma at proper time.
3. Write suitable poems for each Magala.
Tapoca Brahmacariyaca Ariya saccna dassana Nibbna sacchikiriyca Eta Magala
Muttama.
4. Mention what Magala is present in the following cases in a suitable way.
(a) One who obeys parents words.
(b) One who bends his body in front of elders.
(c) One who is satisfied by daily tips.
(d) One who does not abuse to the abuser.
5. Which Magala is damaged in each following cases.
(a) No support or help to parents
(b) Telling lies.
(c) Not attening school or class.
(d) Not obeying school disciplines.
6. Buddhavamsa Questions. Mention.
(a) The name of the river when the Budhisatta departs from the world.
(b) The words of vow to know whether he was to be the Buddha or not.
(c) The name of Pagoda where hairs were enshrined.
7. Write the date, month, year of the attainment of Buddhahood by the Bodhisata.
8. Mention the following names, year:
(a) The names of two hermits when he was a Bhikkhu.
(b) The number of years in Dukkara-cariya.
(c) The name of the river where the golden cup was floated down.
Answers
1. (a) One has to learn the assigned rules and duties.
(b) Avoidance of evil by way of body and mouth.
(c) Obey the admonition.
2. (a) Patirupadesavsoca.
(b) taknaca saghaho
(c) Kataut.
(d) Klenadhammaskacch.
3. Wordly objects not to indulge
No wild plasures, be restrained
Do metta in Divine Abiding Always
Realize the Four Noble Truths
Try your best to know
Nibbna is freedom from all sufferings.
The perfect, best permanent happiness.
These are worlds greatest happiness.
4. (a) Sovacassat Magal
(b) Gravoca Magal
(c) Santuhica Magal
(d) Khantca Magal
5. (a) Mtpitu-upahna
(b) Virat pp (or) Brahmacariya
(c) Attasamm paidhi
(d) Asevanca blna
(B) Answers to Buddhavamsa questions
6. (a) Anoma river
(b) "If I am going to win supreme englightened ment surely my this golden cup go up-
stream"
(c)Clmani ced, by Sakka the king of Devas.
7. In the year 103 Mah sakkarja, full moon kason (May) wednesday.
8. (a) ra Hermit and Udaka Hermit.
(b) Six years.
(c) Nerajar River.
Note: Answer 3 questions you choose in Magala Question.
Answer 2 question you choose in Buddhavamsa.
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1336 question
(A)Magala questions: answer only four.
1. Translate the following Magala into English.
(a) Subhsitca y vc
(b) Ankulca kammant
(c) Kataut
(d) Klena dhammasavana
2. Write in English version of the following sentences
(a) Civility in speaking
(b) Doing public good, public service
(c) Avoidance of harmful drugs
(d) Listen to the Dhamma at proper time.
3. Write a poem about the following verse. Dnaca Dhamma cariyca taknaca
sanghaho: Ana -vajjni kammni Eta Magala Muttama.
4. Mention Magalas that are possible for the deeds of the following persons.
(a) One who usually gives gifts to the poor people.
(b) One who joins the cleansening of a locality
(c) One who observed the rules of a school.
(d) One who observes who avoids doing evil things.
5. Mention which Magala is damaged by the deeds of the following persons:
(a) One who smokes hurshish.
(b) One who associate with the road devils.
(c) One who answers examination by copying the answers.
(d) One who is habitually quarrel- some.
(B) Buddhavamsa questions.
Answer only 2 questions
6. Mention the country and place of Bodhisattas birth.
7. Write the four great signs which the Bodhisatta met before his great departure.
8. Write the names of the pagodas in Tusit and in Brahma worlds respectively.
Answer
1. (a) Speak words that are good and gentle.
(b) There must be no hermit earning a living.
(c) Know what other person had given help to you.
(d) Listen to the Dhamma at suitable time.
2. (a) Subhsitca y vc
(b) Anavajjni kammni
(c) Majjapnca samyamo
(d) Kalena Dhammasavana
3.With three clear-cut attitudes
Dna is to give
No evil thought, word and deeds.
Rely only on wholesome deeds.
Neglect not ones relatives
Support saghaha, it is necessary.
By clean deeds give public service.
This is the worlds greatest virtue.
4.(a) Dnaca Magala
(b) Anavajjni Kammni
(c) Sovacassat
(d) Virat Pp
5. (a) Majjapnca Sanyamo
(b) Asevanca blna
(c) Dhammacariyca (or)Virat papa
(d) Khantca
(B) Answer To Buddhavamsa Questions
6. At Ingyin Forest, Lumbin between Kapilavatthu and Devadaha country.
7. Old man, a diseased persion, a dead man, a Bhikkhu.
8. Clmani Ced and Dussa Ced.
Note: Answer (6) questions in all.
Answer (4) out of (5) question in Magala. Answer(2) out of (3)question in Buddhavamsa.
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1337 -Question
First Grade
1. Translate the following Pli terms into English.
(a) Kataut
(b) Sovacassat
(d) Dhamma cariy ca
(d) tak naca sanghaho.
2. Translate into Pli the following Myanmar Magala:
(a) Donations done for Bagan Pagodas.
(b) Avoidance of misuse of public property.
(c) Work together for cleaning streets in a locality.
(d) Good and gentle speaking.
3. Write poems about the following Magala:
"Mtpitu-upahna Puttadrassa Sangaho.
Ankulca kammant, Eat Magala Muttama.
4. Write suitable Magalas for the following deeds.
(a) Give public service for public benefit.
(b) Observe the admonitions of parents.
(c) Seek wealth by lawful-means.
(d) Support one's own children.
5. Among (38) Magalas write first part (10) Magalas
6. Write the following Magalas in Pli.
(a) Attend school and work hard.
(b) Calculate the sums
(c) Observe the school rules.
(d) Respect to the teachers
(B) Buddhavamsa Questions.
7. Answer (1) question only.
Write the names of Father and Mother of the Bodhisatta.
8. Write the dates of the following:
(a) The date of becoming Buddha.
(b) The date of Dhammacakka teaching.
D
Answers
First Grade Questions
(A)Answers To Magala Questions
1. (a) Knowledge of benefits one gets from other.
(b) Obey the instructions.
(c) Practise wholesome deeds.
(d) Support the relatives.
2. (a) Dnaca
(b) Dhammacariy ca or Viratpp
(c) Anavajjni kammni
(d) Subhsitca y vs
3. Parents debts like we get like mount Meru
Repay debts of gratitude very well
Wife and child we support, give new debts.
Duties fulfill, give the necessities
Perform duties well, live blamelessly.
Give wealth, save, fore thought these(3)
This is the world's Greatest virtues.
(You can write another version if you like.)
4. (a) Anavajjni Kammni Magal.
(b) Sovacassat Magal.
(c) Ankulca Kammant Magal.
(d) Putta drassa saghaho Magal.
5. (1) Answer Magala from Not to associate with the fools to No(10) speak rightly and
gently, with a number given in each.
6. (a) Attasammpaidhica
(b) Sippaca
(c) Sovacassat
(d) Gravoca
(B) Answers to Buddhavamsa
7. Mother----Mah my Dev
Father -----King Suddhodana
8. Wednesday or Full moon of Kason (May)
Saturday or Full moon of Vaso (June)
Note: As instructed you can answer (5) out of (10) questions: put correct number to questins
in Buddhavamsa choose (1) out of (2) questions. You can answer without following the serial
numbers but put the correct questions numbers.
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1338-question
(A) Magala questions (answer all )
1. Translate the following Magalas into English.
(a) Pubbeca kata puat
(b) Vinayoca susikkhito
(c) Anavijjni kammni
(d) Nivatoca.
2. Write the following Magala in pli:
(a) Control of ones own mind.
(b) Avoidance of smoking Mariguana.
(c) Go and worship the Bhikkhus.
(d) There is no anxiety no worry.
3. Write a poems concerting the following Magala.
rat Virit pp, Majjhapnca Samyamo.
Appamdo ca Dhammesu Eta Magala-muttama.
4. State a Magala each suitably for school girls and school boys the following deeds done.
(a) Help the parents.
(b) Obey the words of teachers.
(c) Do not slander against a slanders.
(d) Try to improve oneself with effort.
(B) Buddhavamsa questions (answer all)
5. Write the name of the Bodhisatta before his Supreme Enlightenment; also the name of the
Bodhisatta after becoming Buddha.
6. State the following events:
(a) The Place where Dhammacakka was preached.
(b) The names of those who listen to Dhammacakka.
Answers
(A) Magala answers
1. (a) Having good deeds done in past lives.
(b) Study and learn assigned rules and vinaya regulations.
(c) Do blameless, faultless deeds.
(d) Suppress pride and conceit
2. (a) Attasamm panidica.
(b) Majjapnca samyamo.
(c) Samannaca dassana.
(d) Asoka.
3. Do no evil whatsoever before- hand.
If evils meet now, evil avoid once is a control good.
Shun drinks all alchohol, even drugs.
Be vigilant remenber aways the law.
This is the worlds Buddhas Magala.
4. (a) Mtpitu Upahna
(b) Sovacassat
(c) Khantca
(d) Attasamm-paidhica
(B) Answers to Boddhavamsa questions
6. (a) Prince Siddhattha
(b) Gotama
(c) Migadvana Forest (dear park)
(d) Paca Vaggs and Deities
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1339 qeestions
First grade
(A) Magala questions (answer all )
1. Translate the following Magalas Pli into English.
(a) Pubbeca kata-puat
(b) Ankulca kammant
(c) Majjapnca samyamo
(d) Klena Dhammaskacch
2. Write the following Magalas in Pli:-
(a) Give reverence to those who are
worthy
(b) Help the relatives
(c) Be content with the present income.
3. Write a poem concerning the follow Magala Gth.
Tapoca Brahmacariyaca
Ariya -saccna Dassanam.
Nibbna Sacchikiriyca
Eta Magala Muttana.
4. Mention each Magala that is suitable for the following deeds done.
(a) Keep body bent in reverance in the presence of elders and dignified persons.
(b) Obey the words of teachers.
(c) Do not slander against a slanderes.
(d) Worship daily parents at night.
(B) Buddhavamsa Questions (Answer all)
5. Mention the date of birth of the Bodhisatta.
6.The name of Bodhisattas birth- place, the place or become a Bhikkhu; the place of practis-
ing Dukkaracariya.
Answers
(A) Answers to Magala questions
1. (a) Having good deeds dome in past lives.
(b) Earn a good harmless livelighood.
(c) Avoid drinking alchoholic drinks.
(d) Discuss the Dhamma at proper time.
2. (a) Pjca pujaneyyna.
(b) ataknaca sanghaho.
(c) Santuhca
3.Worldly objects be restrained to get good mind.
Follow metta divine love, the practise of the great men and women.
Realize the Four Noble Truths well.
Approach now the end of suffering the liberation.
This is the world's Buddhas Magala the best.
4. (a) Gravo ca
(b) Sovacassat
(c) Khant ca
(d) Pujca pujaneyyna.
(B)Answers To Buddhavamsa
5. 68 Mah Sakkarja Full Moon of Kason (May) Friday the cojoint time of Viskha planet
and the moon.
6. Place of birth---Lumbin Injyin Forest.
Place of becoming Bhikkhu---at the bank of Anom river .
Place of Dukkaracariya---Uruvela Forest.
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1340-questions
(A) Magala questions (answer all )
1. Translate the following Magalas Pli into English.
(a) Mtpitu Upahna
(b) ataknaca Sanghaho
(c) rat pp
(d) Ariyasaccna dassana.
2. Write the following Magalas in Pli
(a) Restraint and control of ones body and mind.
(b) Speak in a gentle way
(c) Give Dna, donation,almsfood.
(d) Revere the older persons.
3.Write a poem concerning the Magala Gth.
Khant ca sovacassat,
samanaca dassana,
Kalena dhammaskacch,
Eta Magala Muttama.
4.Which Magala is present for school girl and boy doing the following deeds.
(a) No absent of leave in a school.
(b) Use of two hands in handing over a book to teachers.
(c) Obey school disciplines.
(d) Do cleaning work in classrooms.
(B) Buddhavamsa questions (answer all)
5.What did Mara say when he hindered the Buddhas great departure.
6. Mention the following cases and names.
(a) The age of Boddhisattas great departure.
(b) The name of Cedi enshring his old cloths.
(c) The number of years in Dukkaracariya practice.
(d) The name of a donor of gha milk food.
Answers
(A) Answers to Magala Questions
1. (a) Support father and mother
(b) Support relatives
(c) Avoid doing evil deeds or avoid evil
(d) Realize the noble truths by mind or know, understand the four nobel truths.
2. (a) Attasamm paidhica
(b) Subhsitaca y vs
(c) Dnaca
(d) Gravoca
3. Restrant be patient in food, cloth, dwelling.
Be readily obedient the reasonable words.
Meet frequently holy or good persons.
Discuss in suitable times the natural truths.
Think deeply realities,
This is the world Magala by the Buddha.
4. (a) Attasammpaidhica.
(b) Gravoca
(c) panditnaca sevan
(d) Anavajjni kammni
(B) Answers to Buddhavamsa
5. ''O prince! in the next (7) days, you will surely get Cakka wheel treasure.
So please do not renaunce the world" Mara said.
6. (a) In the age of 29
(b) Dussacetiy
(c) 6 years
(d) Sujt, a daughter of a millionair
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1341-questions
(A) Magala questions (answer all )
1.Translate the following Magalas Pli into English.
(a) Vinayo ca susikkhito
(b) Ankulca Kammant
(c) Sovacassat
(d) Nibbna sacckikiriy ca
2.Write the following Magala in Pali.
(a) Support father & Mother.
(b) Avoid alcoholic drinks.
(c) Be content with the present in come.
(d) Be patient in everything.
3.Write the relevant Magala poem for the following Magala Gth.
Dnaca Dhammacariy ca taknaca Sanghaho.
Anavajjni Kammni EtaMagala Muttama.
4.Mention each suitable Magala for the person who did such following deeds:
(a) One who always worships before going to school.
(b) One who messages his parents.
(c) One who finishs all homework lessons.
(d) One who avoids a liar, a slanderer.
5.Mention the names and items:
(a) The name of the young Bodhisatta.
(b) The horse he rode when he renounced the world.
(c) The Four Great Signs.
(d) The name of forest where dukkaracariya was practiced.
6.After winning Buddhahood--
(a) What was the first sermon.
Answers
(A) Aswers to Magala Questions
1.(a) One should learn and follow assigned rules, vinaya regulations.
(b) One should do harmless, faultless jobs.
(c) One should obey admonitions.
(d) One should realize the Nibbna.
2.(a) Mtpitu-upahna.
(b) Majjapnca samyamo.
(c) Santuthca.
(d) Khantca.
3.With three good aims, clear minds.
Try dna gifts, avoid evils of body.
Vocal, mind spheres, follow good deeds.
Support relatives, neglect not the Sagha.
Serve public good, social service well.
This is the world Magala by the Buddha.
4.(a) Pjca pjameyna or Appamdoca dhammesu.
(b) Mtpitu Upahana.
(c) Sovacassat.
(d) Asevanca blna.
(B) Answer to Buddhavamsa Questions
5.(a) Siddhattha.
(b) Kaaka, the horse.
(c) An old man, a sick man, a dead,man a bhikkhu.
6.(a) Dhammacakka.
(b) Migadvana Forest (the deer park).
(c) Sun sets and moon arises time.
(d) Five vaggs and Deities.
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1342-questions
(A) Magala questions (answer all )
1.Translate the following Magalas Pli into English.
(a) Subhsitca y vs.
(b) Majjapnca samyamo.
(c) Kalena Dhamma skacch.
(d) Ariyasaccna Dassana
2. Write the follwing Magalas in Pli.
(a) Give veneration to the venerable.
(b) One should learn science, art and technology.
(c) One should not forget whole- some deeds (Dhamma).
(d) One should know as acknowledge knowledge the debt of gratitude.
3.Write a Magala poem concerning with the following Gth.
Phuthassa lokadhammehi , citta yassa na kampati.
Asoka viraja Khema, Eta Magala muttama.
4.Mention each suitable Magala for youths who have done the following.
(a) Clean the classrooms.
(b) Do not ask more daily tips.
(c) A liar
(d) Liable to make disputes and quarrels.
(B) Buddhavamsa questions (answer all)
5. The name concerning birth---
(a) Of the country of the Bodhisata birth.
(b) Locality
(c) month
(d) Day
6. Mention the words spoken by Mra and the bodhisatta said in reply.
Answers
(A) Answers to Magala questions
1. (a) Speak word truly and gently.
(b) Avoid all alchoholic drinks and drugs.
(c) Listen to the Dhamma at proper time.
(d) Realize the Four Noble Truths.
2. (a) Pjca Pjneyynam.
(b) Sippaca.
(c) Appamdoca dhammesu.
(d) Kataut.
3. Sorrow sufferring everyone gets.
Good and bad alternately come
Be firm steady in eight worldly things.
Control sarrow, lamentation be calm.
This is the world Magala by Buddha.
4. (a) Anavajjni kammni is experienced.
(b) He or she gets Santuth Magala
(c) He destroys Subhsitca Magala (also he dumage virat pp Magala (or) Dhamma
cariya Magala.
(B) Answers to Buddhavamsa questions
5.The birth of the Bodhisatta was between kapilavatthu and devadaha
(b) Lumbin Garden
(c) Full moon day of Kason (May)
(d) Friday
6. The Mra stood in the sky and said
"O prince! In next 7 days Cakka Ratan will arrive for you."
So dont renounce the world. "But the Bodhisatta refused world treasure." I refect Cakka
Treasure."
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1343-questions
(A) Magala questions (answer all )
1. Translate the following Magalas Pli into English.
(a) Anavajjni Kammni
(b) Appamdoca dhammesu
(c) Klena dhamaskacch
(d) Ariyasaccna dassana.
2.Write the following Magala into Pli.
(a) Control of oneself very well.
(b) Give respects to the elders.
(c) Be obedient, easy to admonish.
(d) Know the debt of gratitude of other.
3.Write a poem dealing with the following Gth.
Phutassa lokadhammehi,
citta yassa na kampati,
asokam vrajam khaman,
Etam Magala muttama.
4.Mention each Magala that is experiened by the following persons who have done follow-
ing deeds:
(a) One who is trying to improve himself well.
(b) Listen to the words of parents and teachers.
(c) Speak truly and gently.
(d) One who worships every night before going to sleep.
(B) Questions to Buddhavamsa
5.Mention the following.
(a) The name of Boddhisitta who was a deity.
(b) The forest where dukkaracariya was practised.
(c) The girl who offer Gn milk food.
(d) The name of merchand-brothers from Ukkalapa.
6.After Buddhahood was attained-what is.
(a) The fast sermon.
(b) Where did he preached.
(c) Where did he tanght.
(d) Who where the listeners.
Answer
(A) Magala questions (answer all )
1.(a) Do the blameless, faultless deeds.
(b) Discuss the Dhamma at suitable time.
(c) Realize the Ariyan truths.
2.(a) Attasamm paidhica.
(b) Gravo ca
(c) Sovacassat
(d) Kataut
3.Sorrow--happiness experienced by all.
Good and bad alternately come.
Be steady, firm where 8 worldly condtion come.
Sorrow--lamentation controlled very well
This is the world Magala by the Buddha.
4.(a) Attasamm paidhica.
(b) Sovacassat.
(c) Subhsitca y vs.
(d) Pjjca pjneyyna or appamdoca dhammesu.
(B) Answers to Boddhavamsa questions
5.(a) Setaketu the deity.
(b) Uruvela Forest.
(c) Sujt, a daughter millioniar.
(d) Tapussa and Ballika.
6.(a) Dhammacakka.
(b) Full moon of Waso (June), sunset-moon rise time.
(c) Migadavana Forest (the deer park)
(d) Paca vaggs deities and Brahmas.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1343-question
(A) Magala questions (answer all )
1.Translate the following Magalas Pli into English.
(a) Patirupadesavsoca.
(b) Majjapnca samyamo.
(c) Samannaca dassana.
(d) Brahmacariyaca.
2.Write the following Magalas in Pli
(a) Give honour where honour is due.
(b) Speak good and gentle words.
(c) Evils are avoided very strongly.
(d) Suppress pride and conceit.
3.Write a poem deeling with the following Gth.
rat virat pp, Majjapnca samyamo,
Appamdoca dhammesu, Eta Magala muttama.
4.Mention the suitable Magala for the following person who had done deeds:
(a) One who sweeps in a class room.
(b) One who messages his parents.
(c) Attend closses regularly, not running away from school.
(d) One worships parents at every night.
(B) Buddhavamsa questions
5.Mention the following:
(a) The name of three golden palaces of siddhattha.
(b) The date and age of great renunciation.
(c) The name of a village where almsrowds were made for food.
6.Mention the vows spoken while he pushed down his gonden cup in the river.
Answer
(A) Answer to Magala Question
1.(a) Live in a suitable locality.
(b) Avoid taking alchoholic drinks.
(c) Worship the Bhikkhus.
(d) Practice high moral conduct.
2.(a) Pjca pjneyyna.
(b) Subhsitca y vc.
(c) rat pp.
(d) Nivtoca.
3.Before evils meet try restraint
If evils meet do restraint, not to folow them
Intoxicunts-all of them-giddy the mind to view evil to be foolish.
Evey thing you do be accompany with vigilance.
This is the world Magala by the Buddha.
4.(a) Anavajjni kammni Magala.
(b) Mtpitu Upahna Magala.
(c) Attasamm paidhica Magala.
(d) Pjca pjaneyyna Magala.
(B) Answer to Buddhavamsa Questions
5.(a) Ramma, suba suramma (3 palaces.)
(b) Monday, the full moon of Waso (June).
(c) Sen village or Nigama.
6."If to day" is going the Buddha surely, may this golden bowl floate up stream.
The first two who took first refuges were two merchant-brother Tapussa and Ballika.
End
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_...:..:
Buddha Culture For All Persons
We can be noble and saintly without rites, ritual and religions dogmas.
1. Five grats stay at our heads.
2. Insturctions of parents and teachers dauly take.
3. Give priority in food for parents and teachers.
4. Dont use unkind or egoistic words.
5. Dont speak threatenly to chalenge others.
6. Walking, eatining, speaking must be cultured.
7. Dont take priority to take food, to do a lead.
8. Dont talk while eating.
9. While eating, silince, mindfulness, good sense, may come.
10. Wash your hands thoroughly after meals.
11. Dont lick fingers to eat food.
12. Dont lick also your mouth.
13. Dont extend your tongue to swallow.
14. Dont walk in hard, strong, lond steps.
15. Dont emit sounds while drinking soups.
16. Dont touch a water cup if your hand has touch curry.
17. On the steps of home, monastery, walk gently.
18. In front of Bhikkhu walk civilly respectfully.
19. In front of elders walk with heads down.
20. Dont sit or lie by swaggering legs, limbs etc.
21. Aftrr sleeping roll your bedding mats, etc.
22. Fill the water pots when necessory.
23. Sweep and clean school, house to look tidy.
24. The girls must show modesty and steadiness.
25. Modesty is a jewel for a girl, better than diamond.
26. Dont take the property of either school or monestery.
27. Be honest in deeds in private or in public.
28. Public property must be respected and used very carefully.
29. Services, if needed, must be prompty given in a situation.
30. Dont make noises when guests arrive.
31. Avoid loafers, uncontrolled rude persons like excreta.
32. Slanders, roughness, rudeness must be avoided.
33. Dont forget to worship Buddha before you sleep.
34. Dont neglect the debt of gratitude of others.
There are internal or private culture universally accepted by all gentle persons.
-.,-- ---..._-.._
D

z_.. a ... .a a:.:.s . a a . ,

External or Public Culture Behaviour
1. Q. How do you use words when dealing with Sagha?
A. First, I will clapsed my hands on my head to them meaning: when people have to visit
Holy shriner,or Imager, Sagha teachers e.t.c. it is necessory for males to wear head gear
(kaung-paung); for females, shawls systematicalty wear, hands, in homage with bended
body to show holy respect.
2. Q. How do you pay actual homage and veneration?
A. I will touch forehead, knee, hands, on the floor or on the ground, the five douches used,
meaning: before Buddha image Sagha, teacher five limbs should be touch together on
the ground or bowed by five touches, namely, (1)Forehead (2)Two hands (3) Two knees
are lowered to the ground.
"worship"
First: sit akimo with two hands on the head.
Second : Bow down to touch the ground or floor.
Third: Put two hand slightly in front and touch the ground or floor.
Fourth: Forehead must touch the ground or floor: hands a little separated so all five stand
touched in all five.
3. Q. In the case of Dhamma, what kind is to rely in worship.
A. In worshiping Dhamma rely as companion with respect, love faith, will, know then that
Dhamma as five respects in a physical body in you.
Meaning: when occosions arrive to pay both respect and worship five attitudes must
follw: regard them as golden mountain you take love; (metta) just like gold mountain
emits five= respect (one regard, or fear); ready to accept instructions of culture=faith:
Mind is willing to hear admonitions and lessons of life (chanda=will); follow the warn-
ing, discipline and instruction to escape danger (higher respect) is done now. So there are
five excellant mental attidude in true worship.
4. Q. When you want or get permission to with draw, to leave, how will you retreat from
holy persons?
A. After five touch homage again, you should walk backward slowly while hands are on
the head.
Meaning: If permitted you should, no sutten return must be made you homage them with
five touches and with hands clapsed at forehard, retreat slowly till suitable deporturs is
made.
5. Q. When a Bhikkhu comes to your place, what shall you do?
A. Welcome him by folded hands clapsed together and give him a proper seat to sit and
enquire about the visit with due respect.
Meaning: sometimes a Bhikkhu or a group of Bhikkhu or Sagha leader may visit your
house. So due veneration as mentioned above must be done politely stand up quickly to
show them due respect step by step, in the lost monat, enquires may be asked.
6. Q. When you meet Sangha while you are travelling what shall you do?
A. Meeting a Bhikkhu on a street, you can sit on the ground if this is possible and neces-
sary: if the place is not good to sit and worship, just homage with clopsed hands on the
forehead, it is good to give a right of way to the Sagha.
7. Q. What is the question to ask at first?
A. First eyes down hands clapsed them put on your head.
Meaning: if a respectable or an honourable Sagna is met say kindly ask a what is your
Reverend wants? with usual homage.
8. Q. What is the correct good behaviour in front of Sagha?
A. Eye must be lowered, downward style hands in homage, putting then on your fore-
head: sit property.
9. Q. How are we address them to start eating meals?
A. Bhikkhu in different age some have generally five levels to address honourably:
"Upasin, KoYin, Ashin, Phon Gyi, Sayadaw, depading on age, profession and rank. Each
Should be properly addressed. To Sayadaw you say "Sayadaw" etc. but the use of "Kodaw"
is not permitted become of rudeness. In speaking all rude or commun laymans words are
illegal, such as it is "yes". Ah "No". etc. Always insert "reverend or Ahaya" Such it is
right, Reverend etc.
.--,-.._
11. Q. When Sagha asks you your name and business what shall your reply suitably?
A. "Revered sir, my name is ..... . It is always accompanied by "Par Phayar"
12. Q. How we to offer food according to Vinaya?
A. Approach him at two arm-lengths, stand attention, offer always at the left side of the
Sagha, with two hands holding on a plate.
Meaning: It is rude to offer with a single hand as laymen do: "not too near, not too far
means "two-arms-length" distance.
If the distance is more than this no offer is valid and not suitable. Why on the left side?
the Sangha usually holds serve food with the right hand and it is awkward to take gift:
from the left, so this side his hand is easy to accept your food or plate or cup.
13. Q. When Sagha gives us a present or food what is the correct type of acceptance?
A. We must take a gift with two folded hands homaging before or after as custom dic-
tates.
14. Q. When you want to act as "Kappiya" a helper to Sagha, what words you should say?
A. Sagha! I will keep this ....for you. It you need......please ask me, Revered Sir.
" Revered Sir, peopele have entrasted me with k.100- for robe, food, books etc. If you
need....please tell me I well get it for you.
Note: Sagha can appoint same suitable persons act "Kappiya" for them to suit the Vinaya
Rules: monks cannot accept money so they entrusted it to their own "Kappiya" in mon-
astery it is necessory to appout "Kappiya" helpers for many years. Money should be kept
in a separate, necessory place: then they should say "we want books" etc. and the doers do
for them, offering the necessary.
15. Q. If a money donor wants entrusted person what words they should say to Bhikkhus.
A. (a) "Feel pity" for Kappiya and for me to transfer money to a keeper.
(b) When occossi onss arise,ask () for a necessity.
Note: a student or a Smanera novice can hanle money to offer necessary things for a
Bhikkhu. So it is good to appount them as helper or keeper donors should tell a particalar
monk how they give where they give what they give to a "Kappiya".
16. Q. If you want to tell a Bhikkhu you want to be a helper/donor in four requisiters, what
words are necessary to tell him?
A. "Sir, please instruct me in mundane and supramundane Dhamma, at the same time I
want to be a four requisite donor for you." Now if cultured statements or guides are not
given at all a donor must not become a Bhikkhus supporter.
When world education or Nibbhna education is taent, in a suitable circunstance, a lay
person can ask to become a "requisite donor" to that Bhikkhu in gratitude. This Dhamma
guide and instruction is given in Siglovda sutta (page 100) Pthika vagga. A lay
person can ask for "Requisiles Do Not to that in gratitude.Lay persons can invite cometo
arms to open as me, open doors to Sagha which serves the world and Sasana well. In this
sutta the six duies of a Bhikkhu are stricthy laid down as necessory rules befrtting a
Bhikkhu.
17. Q. If there are coming and going by you before the presence of parents, elders, and
Bhikkhus, what are you duties to do?
A. Reard them as Buddha by homaging with clopsed hends in arrival or in departuce.
18. Q. If we meet elders, points on our way or on a bus, what duty is necessory here?
A. Give great respect by bowing down and give seats to then. Give a chance to walk, to
give a right of way. Be humble before them.
19. Q. Before you sleep what shall you do?
A. We all must say virtues of Three Gems and homage Five Great debters-Buddha,
Dhamma, Sagha, Parents and Teachers: they guide us by giving lessons or by their good
conduct to follow.
Note: It is custamary to take, five precepts also. In high class monasteries all students
before going to bed say virtues of Three Greans and worship Bhikkhu teachers. When
you go to sleep just take five minute to check your moral couduct in a day, and happily
you get a sound sleep.
- Visudhrma Student Guide.
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.- :e:
Poetry On Magala
* Shun evil person and associate with the wise.
We get five great persons (Ananta) to worship day and night.
Stay at a place Kusala, wealth, knowledge available.
Have a past good deed.
Be good to yourself.
Good, useful knowledge is essential.
Right livelihood must be clean.
There are world Magal Universally correct.
* Let us repay our debts to parents, immeuse.
Let us support wife children on just line.
Honow to the honourable, blamaless.
Dont forget chanty deeds.
Follow wholesome deeds.
Support your relative to some extect.
Sagha means support, help needed.
Evil deeds are to be shunned.
There are world Magala Universally correct.
* Old persons, elders--respects are due.
Subdue the pride now, control your greed now.
Be ready to be instructed on these Magalas.
Try to restrict the realm of sensuality.
To apprenate not-sex, loving-kindness now.
So you, at this stage, ready to get the truths of four:
Before wisdom try to with stand ups and downs of life,
stead fist spirit of strong mind,
if well directed is a Magala.
These natural factors are world Magalas.
Universally valid and all the wise is praising you, being sincere in spirit.
Four Virtues of Arahants, see.
-Answers to Magal Question.
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.:a.q._.
To Be Well Tamed Is First Priority
* Daily we seek wealth, food but our mind is very more important
if well tamed for us and the world.
Rude, rough, wild mind means poverty
Magala gives a well-tamed mind
In the begining culture is seen in body, mouth and mind
To be cultured is everymans duty
In the beginning, begin with knowledge of life
So teach, learn, practise, look with cultured conduct.
-U Ovtasir Bhivamsa
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.-x::.._-._.:.x._,
Guide To The Formation of Magal Examination in your Village and Town
Ones our village and town must has Magal classes, if schools express their desire to
have Magala culture so, in good circumstance Bhikkhus and teachers should do the follow-
ing:-
1. Filling the blanks (forms) and put up the list of number wishing to six for the examina-
tion, as mentioned at in the forms: two forms must be done with name and address of the
examination centre.
When forms are completed, they must send to Young Men Buddhist Association. No.
77, Yekyaw Street, Pazpungdaung P.O. Yangon. In every September in each year Fullmon
of Taw-tha-lin is the latest date send two forms.
2. Do not write mixing the two or three grades of candidates. For first grade, one paper: for
the second grade, the second paper, for the third grade, use other third paper separately.
3. If you has a total of (30) candidates Y.M.B.A. will recognize as a separate examination
centre. It one school has not reach (30) they can combine to get (30) canditates or two or
three villages can be formed as a centre.
4. Then Y.M.B.A will give Exam. Roll No. the the head of school or a responsible man,
informing the date of examination, usally this sitting date in November, (Ta-zaung-
mon) waning moon and one list will be returned to the school or village.
5. Then the school head or a responsible man has to conduct, supervise, the examination
during these days; after this they must fill a list in a following blank of paper and sent
seald answer papers to Y.M.B.A by post.
6. Then Y.M.B.A, after checks and making marks, will send back a list of successful
candidater to the centre. Those who pass with honours and with credit are invited to
Y.M.B.A office to be presented with special prizes and certificates.
7. Any information you want and to buy prescribed text books can be obtained from the
Y.M.B.A headquarter, Yekyaw, Yangon contact with this office.
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.::..:a.:zaz. .:.
Some Quotations On Magala by Authors
* For those who practically follow the guidelines of 38 Magala Virtues, they shall get both
mundane and supramundane benefits and all-success, without a loss, at any time, at
everywhere as welfare is attained. These 38 Magal virtues are lifes practical and natu-
ral guides for all peoples on earth without regard to race, religion, nationatility, giving all-
round conplete progress and moral development: all the Magalas are high class in stature
and the best ways in the cause of success.
-The Buddha in Magala sutta
as a concluding promise.
* These Magala Factors of auspiciousness are in reality, destroyers of evil deeds, the re-
moval of unpresent sights and sounds, the term "Sabba ppa vinsana" tells all persons
the sure attainment of cessation of all dukhan in this very life. Thus Magalas are instruc-
tions for not a single race, one nation only: it embraces all mankind in all places in the
world. The whole peoples of the world, desirous of welfare, prosperity and progress in all
spheres can creat a solid, natural foundation for would peace as the word "Sabba loka
hitatthya" indicates.
-Ancient Bhikkhu Masters.
* In the Magala Cultural Dhamma,we find both welfares, Lokiya mundane and Lokuttara
supramundane are assured for everybody that love and take them we find Guides is a
complete plan for daily pratical moral life so that the proverb telling all, "Magala sutta is
the essence or gist of Tipitaka Canon" is well-said because we find it correct.
-Shwe-hintha Sayadaw
* The titile "Magala Sutta" reveals higher text for adults, not for young children as if it is
a primary school text. The Magalas teach all adults, youths, and thinkers to study and
practise in upper level become it is the high classic literature for all.
* In the post, Myanmars were taught Magala Dhamma compulsory and they were at least
basically acquamited with the civilduties and social work. Hence ancient Myanmar had
lived physically and mentally well: they lived happily, simply, with, few diseases. So they
reached up to old age without trouble. Unnecessory deathes were very few and far be-
tween due to the influence of Magala, thefts and robberes seldom occured: crimes were
then at a lowest rate. They slept without worry even the doors were open at night.
-Abhidajamahrratthaguru
Shwehintha Sayadaw.
* ''Magal" means a work that gives you wealth, happiness and prosperity all round. The
basic caures for these welfare are termed "treasures kept in a treasure strove". Treasure is
Magala. Magala is treasure. The work we do therefore bring sure success we anjoy high
stendard of living. Believe it carefully.
* When one destroys ones evil states, he is a Magal person. Positively Magal also re-
veals to all it is the high wholesome virtues, the "Kusala" states. Frankly it means you must
have "a good mind", a liberal mind to be in lile with basic virtues. So human progress and
welfare are Magala; each person has to take this manual handbook of Magala to pro-
mote happiness always in the world. The handbook mentions 38 virtues step by step to
avoid trouble and downfall.
* From practical point of view, the 38 Magala factors fulfil the wishes of human beings.
We need no prayers if we follow the Magal truths because all kinds of welfare naturally
come to you, they accompany your whater race or religion you happen to belong at the
moment.
-Bhadanta Tiloka (Rawetun)
* To be a civilised human being bring Magal.
* To change a beast in man, bring this Magala.
* Those who take Magala always well.
Free themselves from coming danger.
Everywhere you live, happiness is attained.
-Lay-ein-su U Dhammcariya
* Man takes interest in material progress. Now is the time to study mental progress, the
liberation of the world! The main causes to attain real freedom are few Magalas to man-
kind----support parents, avoid intoxicating drinks, speak the truth, have a patience in
each situation. These main Magals will bring real peace to the world. For moral upliftment
and spiritual progress all 38 Magalas are necessary. They must be taught and learnt sys-
tematically.
-Venerable Aggavamsa (Nibban,Henthada Township)
* Man must be a moral man,a follower the Universal cods of conduct; at present we need
rehabilitation of moral education in each nation of the world being a free man, he is duty
bound to make good progress in morals. The aims of life are contained in Magala Univer-
sal Dhamma. So adults and elders need Magala everyday.
-Venearable Sandajoti (Mingala-Immortality)
* In reality, Magala is not a religion. In truth it is moral work without religions belief.
Today Magala is re-awakening the mind to get new wisdom and insight; Magala is
emphasing self-help in great work complete fulfillment is the aim of 38 Magala. Not
only children but also parent and elders, all adults should learn the nature and function of
each Magala in detail. For Magala is practical Dhamma, based in a new school of life, to
create a happy nation.
* If you study Magala you will see that it is not a religion to be professed: it is personal and
social duty to reconstruct a nation. Why we choose Magala to learn? Among thousands
of suttas, only this Magala sutta deals comprehensively with all social relationship, societys
social a affairs. Even Ministers and officials should learn and practise these a auspicious-
ness social teachings to rule the state better and happier.
-Saya U Kyaw Htut (Y.M.B.A Teacher)
* Magalas are presently beneficial as well as for future benefits. Therefore, while you are
standing, walking, sitting or lying down, you get many happy moods in body and mind in
a complete manners.
-U Sao Htun Hmat Win (Dept. of Relegions)
* For everyman right method to do a work with several bendfits is essential. The aim of
man is naturally to get progress in coltured life in happiness. If a nation is said to be
developing country, this means many have taught and studied 38 Virtues to get national
unity, peace and progress the methodology is the most important in education for
welfare, progress in culture and civilizition.
-U Thukha (writer-Directior)
* Magalas are naver out-of date: never becoming old fashioned. Magala sutta has a great
bearing on every class, nation, culture religion as universal code of civility. To day "mod-
ern man" forsaking universal ethics, are seeking new moderfised life, new enviroment,
new material things to use, but they get only tiresomeness, wastefulmen and lose of faith.
Waters are plenty, fish are few as the prover tells as. This is the present condition of man.
-Dhammacariya U Htay Hlaing.
* Migala needs and helps daily practive as it is the practical Ethics only. Only then a person
gets wide, general knowledge, expert in art and croft, so wealth is also attained. High
standard of living is accompanied by personal code of ethics making no harm to onesalf
and other. Enviroment is free from danger and pollution as poverty is banished making
one able to help other effectivaly.
-Maung Arnt (Introduction to Magala)
* In truth Magala is social philosophy with practical, naturalistic outlook. It has particular,
concern and relationship with everyone as it transcerdar race, religion, nationality, belief.
So it is the world philosophy too. Although the book is very small, it encomposses the
whole world.
-U Thaw Zin (writer)
* Magala aims and directs a man to be good, able, and moral. Thus it is not for merely
recitation of Magala sutta, it is to be noted. A person, if he practises them daily, makes
his own social progress: he is a worthey person in fact.
* To make a true nessionary effort, the Magala must be taught to the various nations of
the world in great detail. Only then ones mission is effective and becomes advantageous
in the best sence of the word.
* If one practices some basic Magala very seriously with a cleam heart in his daily life, he
becomes a true Buddhis now.
-Tet Toe auther Bathathwe, March 1992
(1) -To know oneself
(2) -To civilize oneself
(3) -To progress oneself
Magalas are basic cause of the three aims.
* 1. Magala directs how to get both physical and mental culture.
2. Magalas prepares one to do social, cultural and supramundane values step by step.
3. It advocates and guides one to avoid evil, to do good, to purify the mind.
4. Mans true essental aims become highly moral and glorious as excellent guides are
established for all in Migala sutta. The daily benefits are happiness, peace, welfare, good
personality and good rebirth, till final freedom is achiened.
-Dr. R.L.Soni
* 1. Migala is related to all irrespective: race religion, class status age children or adults.
2. From worldly happiness a person develops towards supra mundane happiness as Mangala
is very powerfull in nature.
* Essentially by nature Magalas are very profound but they are necessory to teach a child
upwards to an abult stage Magala education starts with kindergadin to University classes.
Both youths and adults understand and absorb the essence according to their level of intel-
lect and training.
* Understanding is weak if intellect is weak undarstanding is great if intellect is great one
can all in prief and one can extend Magala to a large extent in teaching, learning pratctising.
* Buddhas method of as assignment in Magala is systematic and scientific. So it is easy to
reate, learn, to memorize by mind as exaggerations, interpolotion, refection are avoided. It
can be said of Magala sutta have no more no less status.
-Ven. Bon Kyaw Ashin Kesavbhivamsa.
Middle Grade Magala teacher.
* Migala is applicable to all. One finds the best practical ethics, not commands, in 38
Magal. These are good principles of life or guide to living. If a nation, which ever it is
practises Magal, each race or nationality achives world fame as it will promote higher
class for whole nation. This racial pride is not an evil but a Magala for all beings.
-Saya U Ba Than lessons in Magala, a treatise
* Wise persons know unwholesome deeds are the causes of decline and loss, nations face
difficulty and danger if wrong methods are farvord. But if ritght methods of life are
known appreciated, applied, the races become prosperous and the rules of law prevails;
good deeds are the sole causes of welfare as Magala factors indicate to follow them ex-
actly; happiness is known by Magala pratice only.
-Abhidhaja mahrahaguru Thabyekan Sayadaw.
* Contrascy to common belief, Magala Dhamma is not a school children text as Nyaungdon
Shwe-hintha Sayadaw commented. The Sankyaing chief lecturer tells us, in commentary
to Magala is the gist of whole great extended Three Pitaka, canonical literature. But
without a good, efficient teacher who can explain it relating with examples from life, no
man can know it deeply to heart or no person can drink its essence. Good, well-trained
teachers can explain the main essential points in clear detail so that one cannot neglect
Magala in daily life; masters should firstly cultivate good-will or right desire to give good
results to students.
-Majusaka U Than Maung Chairman Y.M.B.A Yangon.
* Oh Magala you destory all enemies, all danger.
Oh Magala you also give as what we desire.
Nobly, cleanly, immediately.
Magala is a noble Dhamma to us.
-Ancient Wise Men.
* If will be seen Magala are not difficuty to practise. The Buddha teachers Magala inorder
to be able one to be practical it is not imposible feat to show by us.
* Also Magala, if practised, will not cause physical or metal painstart one by one you will
find both body and mind are at ease and confortable.
* It is not like a bitter medicine hard to drink but it is really a sweet, easy medicine to
swallow giving quick cure and strong benefit.
* A proverb says: "An effective pill is like small lice in a head." Thus a few guiding practice
of Magala will cure huge, serious illness: midicine is the best thing to take if you are in
illness.
* We are living in this human world with manyfold aspects to study deeply. First we must
have a minimun standard of living, free from entreme poverty and low income. Next we
need to have courage to face life and death when we depart from this world to next life:
the two insurances are given by Magala discipline and we will get ultimate freedom
(Nibbna) if we realize the Four Noble Truths mentionsed in the text.
-Naungyoe U Toe Myint. (Magala Text p. 308 )
* Magala Sutta makes a man perfact.
* All Buddhists and non-Buddhists can start with primary Magala till the highest grade is
attained. Magala Sutta is a perfect, comprehensive Sutta, the noble guide to life indeed.
* In this Sutta a man, while in the rounds of life and death, must follow the right path to
have smooth and beneficial communication as well as human relationship. I t
has mentioned the importance of society and man in detail, understandable by students
and scholars.
* Magala morals and ethics have universal in scope: it appeals to the enquiring mind to
know what is good and bad, right and wrong so that ones standand of chracter reaches up
to the highest in mundane sphere.
* Starting from elementry levels, you proceed to have spritual insights day by day, slowly
and sarely. At last you realize Nibbnic ethic and supreme peace in this very life.
* Buddhist especially are expected to follow the precepts of Magala teaching to become
real ones real Buddhist, that is the concern and duty of each person. Sadly some think
Magala should be taught only in monastic schools by monks where small helpers and
novices are taught and they think adults can neglect them as "small low literature" some
do not know the importance of Magala Sutta to them, ignoring its special enphasis and
significances shown in the sutta and they study Abhidhamma " High class literature, read-
ing only the classies true, big steps void the middle.
* All need Magala studies as the personal ethics to be a culture person.
* If we study successful business or stateness they are in fact getting basic Magala of life,
whether thet hear Magala sutta or not. Really, without right one and high good moral
character, no man can be termed "successful" in life success is due to Magala more or
less.
-U Than Tun (Shwe Bo) Myat Su Mon, October 1991
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* Among many Thousands of Suttas by Gotama Buddha. Only this Magala Sutta had a
rumour of 12 years to wait and hear the sermor therefore among Tipitaka canon Magala
Sutta has several unique feature.
* This sutta entirely deals with mundane and Lokuttara welfares significantly. Although
the factors and terms are shart and brief such as "tapoka", champi call etc. then inplications
and use all comprehense, complete in all aspects so the wise remarks this sutta alone con-
tains three Pitakas in brief, the summary of five nikyas.
* Another signifcant and unique fact is that we all get family peace, national peace, world
peace if we but understood and follow the main points such as "Dhamma cariya" and
"Brahma cariya".
* Seeing these benifits in a nation, the ancient kings of Myanmar person bed Magala Sutta
in Monastic school as a compulsory subject. We still remember the loual recitation of
Magal Suttas a village school in our time. So, compared with town people, the native
village so show more politeness, adoration to Bhikkhus and elders and thanks to Magala
influence in their childhood; they pay respects to one another according to the "Gvara
Magala" and this unity is attained each social work is done by the whole village such as
cleaning, builting, teaching alms giving (see Dna Magala today.) Hence from early times
the good public spirit and social work are cultivated by this knowledge of High Virtue
"Anavijjni kammni Magala" Myanmar can claim it has reached an epex in Magala
culture.
* For example in vernacular or state school we find students obey the words of teachers and
they follow rules and regulations proclaimed by respective authorities in schools rute
behavoior is seldom seen: unika the freedom of individualism of the west "Pujca Magala"
is always followed, so that disciplined freedom emerges. Elder brother retained their honour
and respect from the young each youngers they are married, love fear, respect, harmless-
ness non-interferace are Magala they know till they reach adult manhood and managable
age.
* In Myanmar unlike the moderm west, and most Asiam countries, monastic schools are
give free education enphasing moral character as a main subject of teacheing: unlike other
country, every village has Pagodas and rest house to stay free of charge compession and
obedience are two basic Magala for teachers who give free, liberal education. The village
schools are praised by all Directors of public instruction as a successing compulsory educa-
tion without cast to the public. Seeing these honourable facts, readers should concern to
observe Magala guides based on Four abiding (Brahmacariya).
-Dhamma cariya U Aye Naing (B.A)
* Note U Aye Naings remark are correct Bishop Bigandet, Fielding Hall, G, Appletion, F.
Scott all noted that Myanmars are the most happy people on earth as witness by 12 month
regular festivals besides pagoda and funeral festivals: no other country has such a number
of power, ceremores and festivals.
* What is Magala ? Magala means development in both mundane and supramundane
affairs, pointing to physical and mantal well be, indeed Magala in deed Magala is guide
to peace, not a religion.
* If any one follows these Magala guides they will surlly attain, as the Buddha has prom-
ised in the sermon, both worldly and super worldly happiness. On aways feels peace at
hearts, one from physical dangers so the one can easily serve the cause of world peace in
this traubled, complex, competative situation.
* By memorization, by teaching, by learning in schools, collages and universal well wishers
are in fait preserving the noblest original Ssana of the Buddha, now learning Ssana
practising Ssana are spreading to foreign countries. Those wishing to spread and propa-
gate Magala Noble teaching are doing great service to thualices and to the world. Morals
become high and stable. Right view is maintained inceps and downs of life.
* Therefore, those who are seeking either wealth or welfare most lope peacefull living to
give peace to other persons by keen study and regular lessions in class we believe youths of
the world can become hope of the future peace. So try to observe Magala Guides today.
-Magala association
Declaration by Lay-Ei-Su Buddhist
Magala Society.
D
:s :a:a...a...:
Buddhist cultural practice lessons
Those who has completed the studies for the for the Magala and Buddhawamsa
Examinates by Y.M.B.A, are attained if desired to sit for Buddhist cultural examination. Learn
by heart the following good behaviour with good mind:
a ._ .ae
Bow In Worship
One should bow and shead in homage, to honour Buddha Dhamma and Sangha Gems as
mentioned by the wise: five touches or five contacts must be made: feet, two hands, fore head,
two knees bow down to the flour or ground.
While bowing the head say the following:-
Buddham pjemi =To the Buddha the excollect I worship, revered sir
Dhammam pjemi =To the Dhamma the excollect I worship, revered sir
Sangham pjemi =To the Sangha the excollect I worship, revered sir then bow the head.
D
_:.:a.
2. Oksa Reverencing word The Ancient Wish
Oksa, Oksa, Oksa, if it have frans gressed all faults by way of my body, vocal and
mental deeds, I now, to punty them by worshipping the three unique Gems of Buddha Jewel,
Dhamma Jewel, Sangha Jewel three times with deep revererance---Revered sir
By this homage deed, may I get the following benefits as good results always free from
four unhappy realms, three calamities, eight unsuitable situations, five serious enemies, four
unfavarable states, five great losses, and then may I obtain the state of greatest Nibbna with
magga and phala cittas, Oh revered sir.
(The above homage is to be said by a supplicant)
Them the Bhikkhu give the gifts of wholesomeness; after which a person say in agree-
ment: "My I have these fullfillments.
Note: the worshipper can use other versions of Oksa supplication.
_ a:a. . .. . _ a:a. . .. . _ a:a. . .. . _ a:a. . .. . _ a:a. . .. .
Explanations of Okasa Homage And Wish
1. Oksa =Let me do homage, revering deeds.
2. To get emphasis,to spread Kusala to all.
"Oksa" term is said three times.
- . - . - . - . - .
Three Kammic Deeds
1. Physical deed is done by body called Kyakamma.
Vocal deed is done by mouth called Vacikamma.
Mental deed is done by mind called Manokamma.
q:- q:.: q:.: :,
Ratana Gems or Jewels: Buddha, Dhamma,Sanga
* Ratan is so called because it is loveable, entitle to keep in mind, object of devotion, value
is measureless, possess matchless virtues hard to see and meet,only the worthy persons can
know and use them as arnaments.
* Revere, Love, Worthy, Unique.
Difficult, Only The Worthy can use
q: g,e.
The five factors of a Ratan
* The excellent person who knows all Factors in clarity is called Buddha the Best Person in all
the worlds.
* That which protects a person fromgoing to four waeful stales is termed the Excellent.
Teaching,Way, Method the Unique One.
* Those who associate them serves in the same moral discipline and wisdom liberation all are
the orders of Sangha: Group of Noble, Purest Persons they are called Sangha.
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a.: e.>:: a.._.:: .:.:: .:
Bow, Homour See without Pride,
Homage
Bow the head in reverence (Shi-khoe) has three kinds: by way of bodily deed, vocal
deed and mental deed.
To honour (Pj) means by way of food, articles, materialas we honour the Triple Gem
or by actual practice of the menthod, we give honour to the three unique factors of Gems.
To see means seeing with physical eye and wisdom eye- two kinds of seeing.
"Without Pride"-Subdue the pride, pride is eliminated, we must reduce our pride.
Homage (Kan-taw) means if there are some evils we have done, we now admit and
confess openly: this means we do homage, kan-taw with Five Touches.
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e..e.
The Four Woeful States
* The term "Apya" means there is no happiness in such low states where no opportunity
to do wholsome deeds exists.
1. Nga-Ye (Niraya) means hell is abodes where full suffering exists.
2. Tiracchna (Animals) they know only sex, food and sleep. So that no magga and phala
bliss can appear.
3. Peta= is a being who is far away from happiness; hungry ghost.
4. Asurakya= One not bold like a Deva: not beautiful like a deity. One who is not shinning
(one of the class of Peta)
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e.e.
Three Calamities (kappa)
* Kappa (calamity) means peple die of war, famine, disease in great number.
1. Dubbhikkhantara kappa = Famine
2. Satthanthara kappa = war, death by weapons
3. Rogantara kappa =desease, epedimic.
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qe_ea,e.
Eight Unsuitables Situations (Eight Yat Pyit )
* The eight unsuitables have lacked chances for magga, phala and Nibbna.
1.Hell, 2.Animal, 3.Peta, 4.Asurakya, 5.Arpa Brahma Place without Noble Teaching, 6.
A Firm beliver in wrong view, 7.Lacking intellect, or intelligence, 8.A human being born in
the world in which no Buddha arises (wrong place)
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q..g,e.
Five Serious Enemies
Water=(flood), Fire, Extreme King, Thief, Bad Son and daughter to inherit from you.
eeq:.,e.
Four Unfavovrable States (Vipatti)
1. Gati-vipatti =Existence is not good or birth is very low (apya-state)
2. Upadhi-vipatti =physical body is very ugly or deformed.
3. Kla-vipatti= Time is not good or stable.
4. Payoga-vipatti= One practices many vices, do little virtue: bad character.
D
eq:.g,e.
Five Great losses (Byassana)
1. ti-byassana=loss of many relatives.
2. Bhoga-byassana=loss of many wealth.
3. Roga-byassana=tormenting disease to death.
4. Dihi-byassana=Wrong View Heresy.
5. Sla-byassana=loss of good character or discipline.
.-,a,e:
Magga, Phala, Nibbna
1. Magga means path (method) to reach Nibbna (Path citta).
2. Phala is the result of Path Citta.
3. Nibbna is the total cessation of greed, hatred, and delusion.
q-, .:e.ae
3. Asking For Three Refuges and Sla
Supplication Of Tharana In Pli
Aham bhante tisaranena saha samanagatam paca slam dhamma ysmi anuggaham
katv sla detha me bhante.
(dutiyampi) aham bhante tisaranena saha saha samanagatam pacasla dhamma
ysmi anuggaham katv sla detha me bhante.
( tatiyampi) aham bhante tisaranena saha saha samanagatam pacasla dhamma
ysmi anuggaha katv sla detha me bhante.
(Meaning = Reverent Sir! I respect fully ask for the present of Five precepts together
with three refuges kindly, out of compassion give me the Five precepts speak before me).
The giver says Yamaha vadmi ta vadetha and one replies (ma bhante).
D
q:.a.
Worship In Pli
Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammsambuddhassa (three times)
Meaning : "Homaga to the Blessed One the Consummate one, the Supremely Enlight-
ened One".
Translation=one who is the possessor of araham virtue the greatest knower of all, the
highest power of all-to him I bow down my head in reverence.
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q- .: _ e
5.Taking Three Refuges
Buddha Sarana gacchmi
Dhamma Sarana gacchmi
Sangha Sarana gacchmi
(Dutiyampi )Buddha Sarana gacchmi
(Dutiyampi) Dhamma Sarana gacchmi
(Dutiyampi) Sangha Sarana gacchmi
(Tatiyampi) Buddha Sarana gacchmi
(Tatiyampi) Dhamma Sarana gacchmi
(Tatiyampi) Sangha Sarana gacch mi
(The supplicent should says)
Meanning
I go for refuge to the Buddha, (the supreme teacher).
I go for refuge to the Dhamma, (the supreme teaching).
I go for refuge to the Sangha, the taught (the consummate commumity)
For the second time I go for refuge to the Buddha
For the second time I go for refuge to the Dhamma
For the second time I go for refuge to the Sangha
For the third time I go for refuge to the Buddha
For the third time I go for refuge to the Dhamma
For the third time I go for refuge to the Sangha
When the master say, (Tisarana gamana paripua) the layman replies "ma bhante".
D
e.e.a.:_e
Taking Five Precepts In Pli
(1) Pntipt veramani sikhpada samdiymi
(2) Adinndn veramani sikhpada samdiymi
(3) Kmesu micchcr veramani sikhpada samdiymi
(4) Musvd veramani sikhpada samdiymi
(5) Surmeraya majjapamdahn veramani sikhpada samdiymi
(Supplicate by a layman)
The master them says (Tisaranena saha pacasla dhamma sdhuka katv
appandena sampdetha) and a laymam says (ma bhante)
Then he continues to say.
"Buddha Pjemi, Dhamma Pjemi, Sangha Pjemi" in Pli and native word, after
whole he bows down with Five Tanches.
D
Meaning of Five Precepts
1. I undertake to abide by the precept to abstain from killing.
2. I undertake to abide by the precept to abstain from stealing.
3. I undertake to abide by the precept to abstain from sexual misconduct.
4. I undertake to abide by the precept to abstain from lying.
5. I undertake to abide by the precept to abstain from liquor that cause intoxication and
heedlessness.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
e.a.:_e
Taking Eight precepts in Pli
1. Pntipt veramani sikkhpada samdiymi.
2. Adinndn veramani sikkhpada samdiymi.
3. Abrahmacariy veramani sikkh -pada samdiymi.
4. Musvd veramani sikkhpada samdiymi.
5. Surmerya majjapamdahn veramani sikkhpada samdiymi.
6. Viklabhojan veramani sikkhpada samdiymi.
7. Nassa, gta, vdita, visuka, dassana, mlgandha, vilepana dhrana maana vibsanahn
veramani sikkhpada samdiymi.
8. Uccsayana mahsayana veramani sikkhpada samdiymi.
Meaning
1. I undertake to abide by the precept to abstain from killing.
2. I undertake to abide by the precept to abstain from stelling things.
3. I undertake to abide by the precept to abstain from sexual indulgence.
4. I undertake to abide by the precept to abstain from lying .
5. I undertake to abide by the precept to abstain from liquid that causes intoxication and
heedlessness.
6. I undertake to abide by the precept to abstain from untimely eating.
7. I undertake to abide by the precept to abstain from dancing, singing, music and visiting
unseemly shows.
I undertake to abide by the precept to abstain from the use of garlands, perfumes, cosmet-
ics and embellishments.
8. I undertake to abide by the precept to abstain from the use of high and luxurions beds and
seats.
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q:.-.:g,e.
The Most Excellent Nine of
Buddha Gems
In Pali Reate:-
Itipi so Bhagav (1) Araham (2) Samm Sambuddho (3) Vijjcarana Sampanno (4) Sugato
(5) Lokavidu (6) Anuttaro purisa-dhamma Srathi (7) Satth deva manussna (8)
Buddho (9) Bhaga.
Meaning of Nine Virtues of the Buddha.
That excellent and perfect consumate one is on account of possessing the virtues of-
1. Able to accept the highest offering and homage that is, virtue of Araha
2. Supremely enlightened, that is Sammsambuddho.
3. Endowed with perfect knowledge and virtue, that is Vijja Sarana Sampanno.
4. The most welcome being, Sugato (well-gone).
5. Knower of three worlds (Lokavidu).
6. The Peerless traines of persons (Anuttaro purisa dhamma srathi).
7. The teacher of god and men (Satth devamanussna).
8. Realizer of the best four noble truths (Buddho).
9. The most powerful one in three worlds, the blessed one, that is Bhagav virtue .
q:.-.:g,e. ae
Explanation of Nine Great Virtues
of the Buddha
1. Araha means he is the greatest man who is fit to become offering and homages from
gods and men; he is mathless in Sla, Samdhi, Pa virtues with supreme insightes
liberation, wisdom of freedom, the Perfect Being.
2. Sammsambudha virtue tells us He is the knowing of all things that need to know by
one's own supreme effort he is the Self-Enlightened One.
3. Vijjcarana Sampanna is the indispensable virtue of all-knower the possessed of knowl-
edge and conduct the most ethical person in three worlds.
4. Sugata virtue teaches he has thus come, he has thus gone, a well-comer, speaker of truth
all the time, avoiding nihilism and eternalism.
5. He is knower of three worlds sensual material and non-material realms, seeing all beings
in wandering in the Samsaric circle exactly, correctly.
6. He is the best tamer of those prideful and concersted, dogmatic beings, he subdued them
with compassionate heart.
7. He is the teacher of divine beings in devaloka as well as super-divines in brahma loka
who claim divinity eternal life and omniscience. He teaches the right method to win
salvation.
8. Buddha is the excellent, pure man who knows four noble truths.
9. Bhagav virtue in the Buddha still shines for inspired living by devotees to know count-
less power, measureless wholesome deeds and unique greatness.
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q:.-.:,e.
Six Great Virtues of the Dhamma
The Highest Qualities In Dhamma
'Svkkhto Bhagavat Dhammo, Sandihiko, Akliko, Ehipassiko, Opane yyiko, Paccatta
veditabbo viuhi' ti.
(1) Swakkhto = the Buddha has well taught his Noble Teaching according to Justice and
Righteousness, from the beginning, in the middle and the final and all true. The Good
Disapline has the following six great virtues:-
(2) Sandihiko-- Well expounded is the Dhamma by the Exalted One, giving immediate
benefit and result in this very life of a follower, a Dhamma to be realized by oneself and
gives immediate results.
(3) Akliko - With confidence a practiser gets high benefits now, avoiding future hopes.
(4) Ehipassiko - This Dhamma alone invites investigation and analysis -- to be self realized.
(5) To be approached to be seen, it leads up to Nibbna, keeping it always in heart.
`(6) This Dhamma is capable of being entered upon; Dhamma is quite near to us to know
well.
This Dhamma is to be attained by the wise each by himself Dhamma is to be understood
by the wise each for himself. Paccatta Veditabba vihi virtue is very significant so one
avoids foolishness. The wise can know the highest truth by morality, concentration and wis-
dom-insight.
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-.:g,e.
The Great Nine Virtues of consumate community Nine Qualities of Sangha Order
'Suppatipanno Bhagavato svaka-sagho, Ujuppatipanno Bhagavato svakasagho,
Nayappatipanno Bhagavato svakasagho, Smcippatipanno Bhagavato svakasagho,
yadida cattri purisa yugni aha purisapuggal; esa Bhagavato svakasagho huneyyo,
Phuneyyo, Dakkhieyyo, Anjalikarayo, Anuttara puakkhetta lokass'ti.
(1) Suppaipanno bhagavato- The Disciples of the Buddha have-
Suppaipanna Virtue- all live equally in the same sphere of sla, guna, pua, kalyna
wholesome things, the highest biengs the worthy ones in Buddha's community of four
Magga and four Phala attainments: Disciples include conventional rightly ordained Sangha
as well, trying to attain full morality, concentration and insight-wisdom.
(2) Ujupaitanna- they are honest and straight forward as Sanghas practise Adhisla Adhicitta
and Adhipaa levels, honesty is basic to full purity. Upright is the conduct of the Sangha
order.
(3) yapaipanna-both ariyas sekkhas and ordinary Bhikkhu Sangha try their best realize,
to understand the Four Noble Truths, conduct is the order of disciples of the exalted the
Sangha order is in harmony with noble practice.
(4) Smisippaipanna- they pay daily respect to greates holiness in practice of highest sla,
samdhi and wisdom-insight, that is, of dutiful conduct is the order of the Buddha only.
Yadida cattari purisa-yugni--
This order of the disciples of the Exalted One --namely, those four pairs of persons (e.g
four kinds of Ariya disciples who have attained four paths and four fruit of sanctity)
(Magga and Phala)-these four pairs of persons is
(5) huneyyo-worthy of offerings.
(6) Phuneyyo-worthy of hospitality.
(7) Dakkhineyyo - worthy of gifts.
(8) Ajalikaraiyo-worthy of reverential salutation.
(9) Anuttara puakhetta virtue means the noble Sangha-order is the incomparable field
of merits to the world:"it is on incomparable field of merit for the world".
D
...:: e..:: .q.:: ...:e
How To offer Almsfood, Flowers, Water, Light To The Highest and Nobles Gems.
...:e
(1) In Offering word in the act of gift of almsfood: Say-
The Buddha's supreme virtues and qualities starts with Araham up to Nine Excellences.
Buddha is the Perfect Person, the reliable and authentic teacher of gods and men. To this
Buddha I now ofter almsfood: to his representatives Dhtu Cet, Dhamma Cet, Uddissa Cet,
Paribhoga Cet, I ofter excellent almsfood with fruits and sweets with Nibbna my aim. Ac-
cept this Puj, Revered Sir!
Wish In Pli-- Idam me pua savakkhayvaha hotu= May this deed of mine be
the supporting cause of cessation of sava Kilesa outflows (defilements) to win Magga Phala
and Nibbna without fail.
**********
e..:e
(2) Offering of Flowers
To this Buddha Image, the Uddissa Cet, I now offer scented, lovely flowers in
rememberence of Buddha's supreme virtues to this Buddha's Cetiya (image) with humble
heart and with due respect offer my flowers in his honour.
.q.:e
(3) Offering water and saying a wish
Buddha has Nine supreme Virtues and he is the reliable best refuge of gods and men. To
this Buddha and his (Pagoda/Image) I now offer pure, cool drinking water. With humble
heart and devoted mind. I offer water with due regards.
In Pli water is offered:-
Arahatdi Navagunehi Sampann gatam; Nhta; Buddha; Uddissa; Cetiyassa; Suddh-
sitala-pasanna ima pniya- bhojanya sakkacca demi, pujemi.
Wish: "Idam me pua sava -kkhayvaha hotu".
...:e
(4) Offering of lights or candles to the Buddha
"Arahatadi Navagunehi sampanngata (subhaut-avarana nehi, the Omniscience
Buddha with Nine Great Virtues, contains the unobstructed wisdom, the dispeller ignorance in
the three worlds, bring light to the whole universe, to this Buddha I now offers my lights,
candles and shining ones so that the ignorance and deslusion can be dispelled,I after with my
humble heart and clean mind, with due respects to the Buddha.
Wish: "Idam me pua sava-kkhayvaha hotu".
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..e
(5) Sharing Of Merits To All
By these merits duly done now and here I share my merits to my parents.
Also may only guardion spirit get my merits.
Also I share my merits with my ancesteors. I extend my wholesome deeds done non to
the king of death known as "Yama"; together with gods of the earth, gods of the sky, heavenly
gods and sakka. May they share my present merits: may they rejoice my merits.
Also all to lives being whatsover I extend my sharing of merits to living creatues in 31
planes of existence; to countless beings of nine sphere of minds; may my merits performed
here and now be serve as great witness in the world.
Sharing! Sharing! Sharing!
well-done! well-done! well-done!
Sdhu! Sdhu! Sdhu!
-----------------------------------------------
e__eae,e..a .:.:e._eeq:_a.: .:e..ae,e.
The ten positive wholesome deeds Ten punna kiriya vatthu
1. Dna = Giving, charity, generosity.
2. Sla = Morality, self control, restraint.
3. Bhvan = Concentration and meditation, mind- fulness.
4. Apacyana = Giving due prespects to others.
5. Veyyvacca = Helping others by social work.
6. Pattidna = Sharing of ones merits.
7. Pattnumodana = Rejoicing other's merits.
8. Dhammassavana = Hearing Noble Dhamma.
9. DhammaDesan = Teaching righteousness justic,concentration, Morality and Four Noble
Truths.
10. Ditthiju kamm = Stranghthing one's own faith: clear Belief.
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..:e:._.
How To Practise Loving Kindness
1. May all living beings happy in mind and body. ''May all living beings free from danger
and harm''. (This statement is to accompany in all sentances)
2. May all beings, whether in fear or not in fear, get bodily and mental happiness.
3. May all living beings, seen or unseen, get bodily and mental happiness.
4. May all beings, far or near, get bodily and mental happiness.
5. May all beings, not ceasing in existences, get bodily and mental happiness.
6. May all beings, short or long, get bodily and mental happiness.
7. May all beings, big or small, get bodily and mental happiness.
8. May all beings, fat or thin, get bodily and mental happiness.
9. May all human beings, refraim from lies and enticemants.
10. May all human beings,refraim from taking low view to others.
11. May all human beings, refraim from willing to do human harm or give suffering to
others.
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a....:a: .....s.z._:
Examinatoin on cultural Ethics
Questoin And Answers (1984)
(Although questions and answers are given together when one is in the hall, write only
the answers.)
1. Q. By bowing durm the head to Three Gems what benefits to one get, what dangers are
frieed, what results come?
Ans: The causes of homoging the Triple-Gem make the following benefits; Free from
four woeful states, three calamities, Eight in opportane realims, five serious enemies.
And then one attains Magga Phala and Nibbna by mindfulness.
2. Q. Among taking five precepts, mention the fourth precept in Pli.
Ans: Musvda veramani sikkhpada samdiymi I observe the precept of abstaining
from lying.
3. Q. When one writes, (Araha) word on billboonds near bazars ships, on the caus etc.
What this Araha means? Do you know the meaning? try to mention it. Do you take
honour in writing this words in shop and on the car?
Ans: The meaning of ''Araha" is that the Buddha is worthy and able to receive all
presents and homages from gods and men human or driven. Since "Araha" means the
greatness or the Buddha I take honour in such writings.
4. Q. If your parents ask you to offer almsfood Buddha what attribute you take with this?
Ans: I take an attribute of Buddha in my mind the Virtueof Araham,possess the virtue of
Araha, with tells nine virtues Navagua: The first virtue tells us Buddha is a worthy
recipient of homage and gifts from all gods and men. The pagoda and images to which we
offer almsfood are all the representatives of the Buddha himself such as the kinds of
Uddissa Cet Dhatu Cet, and Dhamma Cet are trust symbols of the Exalted One. So we
offer almsfood now to then.
5. Q. Mention the following:
(a) Maung Phyu is tending and supporting his parents but Maung Mei does not do so.
Among the two who has Magala, who has no Magala showing the type Magala also.
Ans: In this two cases Maung Phyu has a Magala by his support given to his parents. So
he has "Matapitu Upahna Magala Maung Mei lacks this Magala.
6. Q. Besides Buddha, Myanmars culture shows people give high regards to parents and
elders; what Magala is fuifilled by this good deed ?
Ans: "honour to the honorable" Magala is attained by homaging to parents elders by
means of humility mind. This good Myanmar culture fullfils (1) Grava magala (2)
Nivta Magalar (3) Pjca pja neyyna Magalar.
(7) In some villages pigs are killed as a Dna offer. In town Dna people order (Dan pauk)
Bironi. Since donor wants four or chicken food, is this killing order or involved one?
Decide this two cases by the standards of ratpp and Virat pp Magalas.
Ans. Killing living beings is an evil deed, Akusala type. To order killing is wrong in view of
the gundeline of rat=Be free mentally from killing deed and Virat says one must take
special care no killing is done. According to rat=Virat Magalas such deeds are wrong
and evil. To offer Dna no one must kill pigs or make orders in Dan pauk food, as Bud-
dhists need to observe rat and Virat pp Magalas ; not to kill by oneself, not to kill
by advising others=these deeds are evil.
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Question And Answer (1986)
1. Q. Mention the following:-
(a) the name of a country he lived before Buddhahood is attained.
(b) the name of his father, position and rank.
(c) the name of his mother and her rank.
(d) What day the Buddha was born?
Ans:
(a) Kapilavatthu Country
(b) Suddhodhana,kingof Kapilavatthu
(c) Queen Mahmy, Chief Queen of king Suddhodhana
(d) Friday born
2. Q. Write Three Refuges in Pli exactly.
Ans:
Buddha Sarama Gacchmi
Dhamma Sarama Gacchmi
Sangha Sarama Gacchmi.
3. Q. How many there are for Sangha virtues?
Mention their number and point out the virtue which reminds us when
we see a fertile field.
Ans: There are nine virtues in Sangha Order.
Anuttara puakhetta virtue. Good Bhikkhus are fertile fields for us.
4. Q. Answer the following
(a) Do we need a prayer when we do good deeds?
(b) Do we have to share are merits with others?
(c) How much is the gratitude we owe to parents?
(d) Do you have physical body guardious Nats.
(e) How many planes of existence there are?
(a) It is better to express a wish after the deed of virtue has finished.Exactly
it is a noble wish.
(b) It is right and proper to do sharing of merits with others.
(c) We owe a debt like a Mount Meru and more than that: parents are
mearuceless.
(d) We have guardian spirits (nats)
(e) There are 31 planes of existence.
5. Q. Define the word ''Magala" in two ways and mention the number ofMagalas only.
Definitions:(1)
Ans: Magala is the basic cause of welfare for both divine and human beings together. In
another sense (2) Magala means the deeds that destroy evil things and to serve the ben-
efit of the whole world.
There are (38) Magala Factors.
6. Q. Mention a Magala that is concerned with the follwing cases one by one.
(a) Personal conduct Magala
(b) Home Magala
(c) Relative Magala
(d) School Magala
(e) Monastic Magala.
Ans:
(a) Attasammpaidhisa Magala.
(b) Puttadrassa Magala
(c) ataknaca Magala
(d) Samanaca dassana Magala
7. Q. Is it one's true if Magala are practically observed one life will be at a loss? or does one
get success in life? How are we to understand.
Ans: If Magalas are practised success is gained in all four quaters and places and all
enemies and dangers are destroyed so Magalas if observed, bring all -round success in
life.
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(1987) Questions and answers
1. Fill in the blanks.
(a) The Bodhisatta hermit is ...hermit (Sumedh).
(b) The Bodhisatta's name as a deva is ...(Setaketu).
(c) The father of Bodhisatta is ... (Suddhodhana).
(d) The mother of Bodhisatta is ... (Mydev)
(e) The Bodhisatta was born on...
(f) Kason full moon day (Friday)
(g) At...age he renoumced the world (29).
(h) .....Maras were won (5)
(i) At... age he became a Buddha (35).
(j) Full...vers he taught the Dhamma (45).
(k) At...age he heard parinibbna at (80).
2. Q. When teachers are honoured, is it necessary to bow down our heads? Is it correct cul-
turally? How is to wroship?
Ans: One bows down with five touches.
The method is to touch at five contacts.
Feet, Hand, Arm, Kness, Forehead should be touched to the floor.
3. Q. Write Triple-gem refuge in Pli
Ans: Buddha Sarama Gacchmi
Dhamma Sarama Gacchmi
Sangha Sarama Gacchmi.
How many virtues each in the Triple gem.
Buddha has nine virtues.
Dhama has six virtues.
Sangha has nine virtues.
Total 24 virtues.
4. Q Write the main points of ''sharing ment'' starting with ''with "may this noble deed be..."
Ans: Already given in p ( ).
5. Q. Regarding "Magala" answers the requred understanding and knowledge :
(a) what is the type of teaching is the Magala? This must be known.
(b) How many years are take to know the right teaching. This must be known.
(c) Who has taught the right Dhamma?
(d) If one can live with dignity in what ever place, what benefits arise ?
Ans. (a) Magala is the basic cause of prosperity. Magal removes all evil, all misdeeds
and it gives rise to all virtues.
(b) People had to think and discuss 12 years.
(c) Buddha Gotama the suprems knower, teachers Magal Dhamma way.
(d) Enemies cannot defeat us. We arrive at happiness and wealth. (6- -,
7 . Q. In the past period there was a motto "Bribery giver and taker is our Enemy" Evil bad
character can give and take bribes. Mention a type of Magala regarding this case.
Ans: Attasamm paidhi Magala
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(1988) Questions And Answer
1. Answer the following questions correctly.
(a) The name of Bodhisatta as a youth.
(b) Date of birth.
(c) Father and Mother names.
(d) place
(e) Name of wife.
(f) Number of years in Dukkara cariya.
(g) The year of his Buddhahood.
(h) His highest insight attained.
(i) The title when he became a Buddha.
(j) How many years did he serve for the happiness of the people and their welfare.
Ans: (a) Prince Siddhattha.
(b) 68.Mah Sakkarit.
(c) Father was Suddhoddhana, Mother was My Dev.
(d) Kapilavatthu.
(e) Wife was Yasodhar.
(f) 6 Years.
(g) 103 Mah Sakkarit.
(h) savakkhaya insight.
(i) Gotama the Buddha
(j) For 45 Years.
2. Q. (a) What faults are cleansed by worship of Triple Gem?
(b) What dangers are freed?
(c) What Dhammas are attained?
Ans: (a) Faults that arise at Kyakamma, Vackamma and Manokamma.
(b) Four Unhappy States, three calamaties eight unfavourable places, five serious enemies,
four unsuitable things, five losses.
(c) Magga, Phala and Nibbna.
3. Q. In the taking of five precepts one is to avoid sex with a married woman, write this moral
precept in Pli. If Uposatha is taken, being hungry, one eats diners at night, what pre-
cept is broken? Name it.
Ans: Kamesu micchcr veramai sikkhpada samdhiymi; vikda bhojana precept
4. Q. How many virtues exist in a Buddha Dhamma?
Define and explain "Sandihika Virtue".
Ans: There are six great virtues in a the Dhamma.
The First "Sandihika virtu" tells us that a practiser shall attain immediate benefits in
person in this very life all are accomplished as virtues.
5. Q. If you have learnt Buddhist Culture, how do you offer flowers to the Buddha? What do
you say in words? Mention the words in this book.
Ans: (The words are mentioned in this book write them down.)
6. Q. Answer these questions of Magala correctly.
(a) Why a Dhamma is called "Magala"?
(b) Who has first taught Magala?
(c) What benefit is seen by attending Buddhist culture class.
(d) Can one attain Magala by the avoidance of drugs?
(e) If we homage to elders by bowing down our heads, what Magala arises?
Ans: (a) "Magala" is so called because it purifies evil things, it causes evil to disappear.
(b) The Buddha alone has at first taught it.
(c) One is getting Bhusaccaca, Sippaca, Vinayo ca Susikkhito, Subsit ca yvc
Magalas.
(d) Avoidance of drugs is a Magala it is concerned with Majjapn ca Samyamo Magala.
(e) Grava Magala and Nivta Magala are attained by bowing down heads.
7. Q. People say " He is full of Magala" "He is lacking a Magala" So what Magala is
obtained in whatsover person? Who is void of a Magala? Name and put it together in
each case.
(a) One who reveres a teaches.
Ans: Pjca Pjaneyyna.
(a) One who controls body and mind.
Ans: He has attasammpaidhi Magala.
(c) One who supports father and mother.
Ans: He gets Mtpitu upahna Magala.
(d) Those who do not abstain from intorxicants.
They lack Majjapnca Samyama Magala.
(e) Those who deal rudely with elders and parents.
They lack Grava Magala.
(f) Those who do not obey the word of their master.
They lack Sovacassat Magala.
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(1985) Question
1. When a Buddhist observes uposatha?
(a) How is he to bow down his head.
(b) what precepts are taken.
(c) when food is not to be taken.
(d) Can one listens the radio news?
2. Gotama Buddha is worshipped by
Buddhists and what virtues exist in him?
By mentioning a number only, write the firtues and the last virtue.
3. Can we invite others to come here, study the Buddha Dhamma, Practise it well, etc.
WriteDhamma Virtue concerning thus.
4. How many type of most uniques Buddha pagodas (Cets) how can we to offer almsfood,
flower, lights to them explain to an inportant persons clearly.
Four kind of Cet
1. Dhatu Cet-Pagodas where relies are enshrined.
2. Dhamma Cet -Pli scriptures and books are enshrined.
3. Udissa Cet- Buddha image, Rupa pic tures are seen.
4. Paribhoga Cet- Buddhas robes, almsbows are material things in a pa
goda.
5. When we greet "Magalapa Sayama" to a teaches
(a) who has taught Mangala?
(b) To when the benefits are due (c) How many Magala? (d) What things these
Magala destroy? Write one by one.
6. What Magala are destroyed by such person shown below (a) associate with
killer of cows and pigs (b) no greet effort at lesson (c) rude address spo ken to father (d)
one who is ignorent of the debt of father and father parents and blind to gratitude.
7. If one avoides higher places, bows his body and head before elders what Magala are ful-
filled? What benefits we get if we fulfill Magala?
Ans: Grava Nivta Magala are attain fully one gets long life, Beauty happy mind and
body good health by Magala practices.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1991 Questions
1. From (Brief Buddhavamsa) mention
the following cases correctly
(a) Bodhisattas deva name and plane.
(b) Father and Mother of Bodhiasatta.
(c) An hermit name of Bodhisatta and title of exalted one.
(d) Place of his birth and place of his Parinibbna.
(e) When he has taken Parinibbna what was his age and "Vassa" years?
2. What are results of worshipping Tiratana the wishes for freedoms mentioned in Oksa
sapplication.
3. Sinces five precepts must be observed voluntarily by school boys and school girls mention
it in both Pli and Magalas.
4. Make (count) all the Buddhas virtues, and mention the first and the last virtues in Myanmar.
5. If you are going to offer alms food to the Buddha what words are to be used? mention the
method completely.
6. From Magala sutta answer the following.
(a) How many years devas and man had to think and discross the nature of Magala.
(b) How many are the true Magala
factors.
(c) Who and where it taught and in what time the sutta was given. What were the benefits
of the hearers.
7. What Magala are fulfiled and destroyed by following children:--
(a) a child is worshipping teacher and
parents.
(b) a student is learning school discipline.
(c) One has spoken sweet, gentle words.
(d) One has avoided drugs.
(e) One who has taken the word of elders and parents.
(f) disobedient child.
(g) children do not pay respect to elders and parents.
(h) do not avoid evil deeds.
(i) do not control his body and mind.
(j) do not know the gratitude of other.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1992)Question
1. From Brief Buddhavamsa Mention years of extreme and mention the work of 45 years
and name the following persons:-
The Title of the Exalted One
husband of Princess Yasodhar
the woman who offered milk-rice food
the man who offered 8 bundles grass
the wisdom insight that leads to Buddha state.
2. Myanmar Buddhists follow the bowing of head according to the wish of the Buddha.
Mention Che-Let-Naphu, Tadaung-Do mode of bowing down the head and explain it for
all.
3. What are four precepts for children among five precepts and mention them in Pli only.
4. From Buddha nine virtues explain the meaning of "Anuttaro purisa dhamma sarathi in
Myanmar and mention a Sangha virtue which says it deserves our clapse hands in homage
to them.
5. Buddhists worshipped always the Four types of Cetis. Mention their names only and the
words to say when almsfood flowers, waters are offered to them.
In Pli and translation.
6. In this world can one say rightly as 'Magala' for eating good food, seeing good scenes.
What are real Magalas, as given in the Magala sutta.
7. Mention the name of each Magala to Magala boys and Magala girls.
(a) A child who does not associate with an evil one.
(b) A girl who does to contact evil ways and controls herself.
(c) Students who do education work only for the state.
(d) A child worships parents before
sleeping.
(e) A students who listen to the advice of masters and parents.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1993 Questions
1. From 'Brief Buddhavamsa'. Mention Pramis that were practised from Sumedh hermit
state to Vessantar and correctly mention the names of the following:
(a) Bodhisatta the devaplace of deva.
(b) Place of his birth.
(c) The place where milk-rice was offered.
(d) The place where Buddha arose.
(e) The place of Parinibbna.
2. In worshipping three unique gems what are the desires to have disapperance of evils, feedom
of dangers, desires of benefits are expressed. Mentions them all and mention the three
refuges in Myanmar.
3. What virtue is associated in the Buddha's Dhamma which was taught for 45 vassa years.
Mention Sandihika virtue in Myanmar.
4. In offering almsfood in memory of the living Buddha, to a Pagoda, mention the complete
method of saying supplication and also how to make a wish for Nibbna.
5. After wholesome deeds are done, mention how to say a complete sharing of merits with
others in a complete style.
6. Who had first heard the Buddha Magala teaching?Mention the name only and also the
place and time of this sutta.
7. What kind of Magala can be associated with each of the following persons:-
(a) A person of great wealth and beauty now.
(b) One who obeys the law of the land constitution of the state.
(c) Support wife and children.
(d) Earn a living in farming and in agriculture, trades etc,
(e) One who knows, acknowledges, says the debts of gratitude he owes to
others.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1994 Questions
1. According to 'Brief Buddhavamsa'. How the unconquered throne seat appeared? And
write Ledi Sayadaw's poem about Bodhisatta sitting on this seat and the became a Buddha in
7 Days Buddha Poem.
2. Mention how to worship the most valuable gems (Ratana) in Myanmar translation and
mention what sla discipline is gone by one who was drunk and had sex with a married
woman, among Five Precepts?
3. Write correctly the universal Five Precepts that are the concern with all people on earth.
4. Explaim in Myanmar the following virtues:
(a) Vijja carana sampanna
(b) Akalika
(c) Ujupatipanna
5. Mention how offer water to the Buddha image.
6. Answer the following correctly
(a) The one who has taught the Magala teaching
(b) The place where Magala was taught
(c) The donor of the monastery
(d) The person who made a request to teach Magala
7. Mention each Magala for each person who has done the following good deed:
(a) One who supports relatives
(b) One who worships five greatest
persons
(c) One who shows high respects to elders, old persons and to those high in morality and
rank.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Do Spreading of Noble Ssana
One should try to sustain and propagate Buddha Ssana to other countries.
To sustain spread the Ssana is the duty to establish oneself in the Ssana and to make
foundation of Sasana to others.
This work can be performed by joining with Buddhist Associations, supporting pariyatti
students and Bhikkhus, help in the printing and publishing Buddhist books and journals start
doing the home Ssana,Ssana in locality villages and towns to be progressive etc.
The Basic level of Buddha's teaching (p 21.)
D
... - . ... - . ... - . ... - . ... - .
The Benefits of Observing Five
Moral Precepts
1. Pntipt veramai sikkh-pada samdhiymi.
I underate myself to observe the precept to abstain from killing.
The disadvantages of killing:- you get your life and limbs gone
Physical form is ugly
weak physical body, dull and heavy
live in fear; in turn killed by other many disseases, no followers.
short life. Reveses are benefits to you if you abstain from killing.
2. Adinndn veramai sikkhpada samdhiymi.
I undertate myself to observe the precept to abstain from stealing.
The disadvantages of stealing:-
If stealing is done:-
Poverty,wants, wealth loss five enemies destroy your wealth.
Reverses are benefits to you
If you abstain from stealing there are five benefits.
3. Kmesu micchcr veramai sikkhpada samdhiymi.
I underate myself to observe the precept to abstain from sexual misconduct (adultery).
The disadvantages of sexual misconduct a few income, next life you get nether sex, pandok-
person. Ugly face, shame physical form is unproportionate, you get many anxicties in this
life, and you wife and loved ones divorced or seperated or fled away from you.
The reverses are advantages and Benefits to you; if you abstain from sexal misconduct.
4. Musvd veramai sikkhpada samdhiymi.
I underate myself to observe the precept of lying (i.e I will not tell lies)
The disadvantages:-
Teech are uneven, words unclear, month is foul, body is skinny, no steadiness, or dignity, no
authority, lips and toungue very rough, unstable behaviour, mad mind etc. The reverses are
benefits and advantages if you speak the truth, avoiding lies.
5. Surmeraya majjapam dahn veramai sikkhpada samdhiymi.
I underate myself to observe the precept of abstaining from intexication and drugs abusing.
Wine, whisky, toddy all giddiness causing heed lessnes (1) not having reason to distinguish
with right from wrong (2) Idleness (3)No return debt of gratitude of others (4)No shame
and fear of life, easy to become an evil doer (5) wandering mind (6)Next life a mad one.
[The reverses are benefits and advantages so non-drinkers, being steady, is easy to do
virtue.]
Note: In this life evils are well known for the transgressions of five moral precepts and
benefits are also easily seen by avoidances or restraints of evils.
Today five moral precepts, if lacking, one commits evil and fault of mind.
Today if one observe the five moral precepts practical benefits are experienced.
D
. - ,...- . - ,...- . - ,...- . - ,...- . - ,...-
Ten fools in the world
1. Those who has no compassion, i.e killers and murdeners, butchers and tormentes,
harm doers.
2. Thieves under Loba and lust steal,property to become fools.
3. Adulterers, sex maniacs an indeed fools.
4. Liars, tempters tricksters, persu-aders are fools.
5. Slanderer are fools.
6. Greedy men and women who take unlawful things are fools.
7. Hash speackers, abusers are fools.
8. Useless talkers, meaningless speacker, are fools.
9. Envious persons, jealious persons are fools.
10. Persons without the use of indellegence are fools.
Note: four means of darkness of mind a wayward behaviour unreasiomble deed and
wrong belied ( faith in self and soul) selfishness.
So that abave ten fools are mixed with ten evil deeds everyday. Behave well, act
reasiomably, control yourself well, avoid the idea of stenal self.
D
.-:e: a~ea
38. Magalas Poem Introduction To Magala
* Oh, Young brothers and sisters, I will tell what are the Magalas to you. In the past.
* Devas and men try to this think and discuss ask and answer the nature of Magalas.
* Many wrongly believe that Magalas are.
(a) The sights lovely seen.
(b) Words or sonds one likes to hear.
(c) Tonch, if good, is a Magala.
So, we find three groups in the world holding vast differences aroud Magala. For 12
Years no one can solve the problem; disputes and quarrels increase.
* At that very time the Buddha arose in the world.
* He was dwelling in Jetavana Monastery.
* At midnight time a deva came near and expresing a homage to him asked Magala.
* Due to this divine request the Buddha had to reveal true belief and conduct which is
always moral and high in status, starting with "avoid fools" Mangala.
* Oh brothers sisters! Mangala is easy to learn, now listen and note carefully, steadily, the
following song of Mangala.
(1)
* Magala ! Magala! there are 38 Magala
First "Asevanca blna Mangala"
Dont associate yourself with fools.
Avoid fools, they cause loss and so avoid them as, you are on the right road to ruin.
(2)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
2 nd. "Panditnaca sevan Mangala"
Associate with the wise
Good men and women, if you associate, will promote welfare for you. Good friends,
teachers, politicions are good leaders to bring wealth, prosperity. By mixing with the wise
and the good you are free from bad persons who cantiminate, pollute you.
(3)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
3 rd."Pjca pjaneyna Mangala"
Respect to the respectable
Give due honour to the honourables now instances are many. In the past this Magala
gave wealth, status, position and fame.
To the welfare, be happy.
(4)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
4 th "Patirupa desavsoca"
Live in a suitable place
You dwelling place should at least be avialable of one out of times chances virtue, wealth,
education - one must have chance. One will lay a foundation to get what you want sin-
cerely, steadfastly.
Enviroment, if suitable, is all - importent for human beings. Who will reason well.
(5)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
5 th. "Pubbeca kata punnata"
Have a good deed performed in the past.
You have done virtues in past existences so now you are born human being in this period.
Good deeds must be done before hund in the previous early time.
Be prepared. Zawtika was a billionair due to past good deeds. So just being a souid, correct
preparation with a plan.
(6)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
6 th. "Attsammapanidi"
Everyone should, to be civilized and live sensibily control their are body and mind,
biuilding a high character level in a society in this world.
In the past a Bhikkhu by self-discipline attained up to the highest arahatta state.
Perform, therefore, your body and mind to be better than in the past, to get peace allround.
(7)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
7 th. "Bhusaccaca"
It is very good and cultured to have a wide learning and vast general knowledge, the basics
of progress in science, technology and administration. In the past a villager who had gath-
ered vast knowledge in many fields become a minister of state after he answered the
questions of his king.
Try to enhance your knowledge each day.
(8)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
8 th. "Sippaca Magal"
One shoud have learned in the ways of earning his livelihood, methods techniques, arts,
crafts etc.
In the past one carpenter very skill in his work became a wealthy person as he had a skill
job.
Try therefore to earn a living by science and technology education in these times of progress
in science and craft.
(9)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
9 th. Learned in each Vinaya Susikkhita discipline or codess of mankind, to be a true
gentle person.
True ethics and naturalistic morals are mentioned in this Vinaya Susikkhita Magala, both
for monks and lay peoples everywhere. Disciplines naturally become Vinaya for all. In
ancient Myanmar people live in peace, crimes are few. So that society has progressed in
civility and high moral conduct.
So live in a regular normal way to be good gentleman and gentle woman: people regard
this fact as necessary in society.
(10)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
10 th. Subhsit vc Magala.
Speak truthfully and sweetly so that lies are banished, harmony is established and peace is
mantained. Truthfulness is happiness so speak the truth, brother and sister!
(11)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
11 th. "Mtpitu upahna"
Support father and mother
We all owe a great debt of gratitude to our own parents: we must show and do thankful-
ness by repaying the debt: to support and help them as chance occurs. Follow the example
of Bodhisatta Suvannasma who supports the parents always dutifully, a perfect Bodhisatta
truly. Dont neglect your duty for your parents,
otherwise ruin appears for negligence to parents.
(12)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
12 th. "Puttadra saghaho Mangala"
Support wife and children in lawful ways.
This called setting good example for later youths.
There is always a stern duty to support your wife and children.
In a family this is called family adiministration, which promotes peace and love.
(13)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
13 th."Ankula kamma Mangala"
There is no selfish deed in this Magala
Law-abiding citizes love clean, harmless jobs.
Lawfully are must become rich: no one must seek
financial and commic progress in illegal ways.
Always simple innocent earning as a Magala,
to avoid civil and criminal cases at a court of law.
Be harmless always as this Migala is helpful to everyone.
(14)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
14 th. Dna, almsgiving charity generosity with three attitutes,
pubba, muca, apara, you must give Dna to the needy or the honourable:
dna gives good attitute to a donor (Cetan good will).
The result is property, wealth, peace and love,
in Dna love prevails: give as must as you can.
(15)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
15 th. "Dhammacariya Mangala"
Follow the way of righteousness Do practise Dhamma, the cultured life Protect, keep the
Dhamma so Dhamma Shall both protect and keep you safe.The results are (1) You get a
long life (2) You understand the power of Dhamma, the only best refage for all beings. (3)
culture is led by Dhamma to be a Universal factor in the world. Good deeds are known as
Dhamma (puakiriya) for a real human being.
(16)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
16 th. "taknaca saghaho"
Relatives should have a support or kindness from you to prevent disunity and enmity. If
your relatives extend love to you or give good advice, you are sure to win success. All
should be treated as real friends, to have good relationship. From this base good nationlisim
emerges.
(17)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
17 th. "Anavajjni kammani"
Do harmless work take good job. There are several blaomless things to do now and they do
serve individual and society. In the past Mgha and his friends do social services (rood
repairings) with good mind so at death they become deities. Social work is emphasised in
this Magala.
(18)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
18 th. "Arat Magala"
Even in mind eveil throught must be shunned evil aim must be suppressed by your own
Sati mindful mind. Thoughts can be controlled as this Magala instructs you to get inspi-
ration. So you are free from harm, injury, loss and danger by your own mind.
(19)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
19 th. "Virat pp"
Initially each person must control and banish evil in his or her body and mind. These two
spheres have the beginning of evil that a good person needs to live far away from evil
things and ideas. Once the will is subdued and physical body is cultured, the best conduct
is easy to attain. The example of youth "Sakkana" is the witness of mankind that human
being is not depraved, not a sinnes: he is the rare being of excellance.
(20)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
20 th. "Majjapn samyamo"
Avoid intoxicants and drugs.In the 'civilized' countries liquour is served in many celebra-
tions and social functions. Men of other religions do not believe wine, whisky,beer, harshish,
maraguana, heroine, cigarettes are evil. But a moral person, as taught in rare Magala,
shuns drinks and drugs because of headlessness and perplexity of mind. This also means
impurity and sorrow (Dukkha Sacc). Once a king under influence of wine, kills his own
son. Liquour being a foolish state, should be avoided as shown and instructed in the last
fifth moral precept: there is no excuse in taking liquour: drinkers are making the road to
hell.
(21)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
21 st. "Appamda Mangala"
This Appamda Magala is the pivot of all Buddhist teaching: it is the basic foundation
for true peace and happiness, besides helping every sincere person to live in purity, with-
out trouble. The best medhod is vigilant or mindfulness with the added benefits of healthy
life. As highest morality is available to all by " Appamada" method Buddhism is always
inspring Dhamma: man has every chance to do the highest virtue better than a god. Non-
forgetting practically means non-confused state; non-laziness or vigilance.
(22)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
22 rd. "Grava Magala"
This means in daily life we all have to give respect to our good mind as well as to give
"Reverence" to moral persons who adorn the world. First we have to give reversance where
they shines, the men of intellectual powers, high education, inventive genious and hard
workers in our nation: they do serve the whole people by their excellent example. So
reverance Magala has to appear for practical life.
(23)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
23 rd. "Nivata Magala" "Humility"
This "Humility Magala" being seen in a few, is the rarest blessing in the world. Yet
Humility, if practised, is the basic foundation of world peace and universal happiness.
Due to the expertise in science and technology man becomes conceited, prideful, arrogant;
to destroy pride in man humility is taught by the All-wise, the Exalted One. Indeed all
wise persons praise Humility and worship it: only fools dare to neglect it.
(24)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
24 th. "Santuh Magala"
This Magala enjoins us to be content with what we get, what we eat, what we live, what
we dress. These may be of simple kinds but the contented mind regards them as "enough"
and "satisfied". If man is not contented he will take bribes although he has great power
and toterable income. Man must be satisfied by his status and lawful income. Many poli-
ticians, governors, senators, business men go to jail because of illegal, or evil deeds: they
break the law but the law is above powerful governars or presidents. 'Contentment' alone
saves dignified men. In political and financial worlds greediness kills a man.
(25)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
25 th. "Kataut Magala"
All wise persons know and acknowledge the debt of gratitude they owed to others.
In life we all have to seek advice and knowledge from the experienced teachers, writers,
artists, professors, builders, architects, painters and moralists. So we must aknowledge
them with thankfulness and try to repay the debts we owe from them. We become wise in
turn by kataut Magala deed.
(26)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
26 th. "Dhammasavana Magala"
No one knows highest truthe of the four Noble Truths because only the Buddha can teach
living beings who have ears to hear, eyes to see, minds to think and analyse. Hearing Sla,
Samdhi, Pa, Khant, Sacc, Mett is a noble act and a Magala Virtue too. We know
how to practise virtues and guidelines here now. A liberated Sotpanna first hear the first
sermon called Dhammacakka Sutta. Withat such a study no one will achieve highest wis-
dom and purity because the method is more important than more telling us to do good.
Methodology is the essence of life and it overs everything for discovery of supreme virtue.
At once we because calm and compased if we hear the Dhammacakka Sutta. Listeing is
everything that is noble.
(27)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
27 th. "Khant-patience, Endurance Magala.
Khant also is a rare virtue just like Santuh Magala:
It is hard to practice Khant because you may suffer painful feeling or some kind of
disgust and dismay. A few understand the necessity of patience and its power so the world
is engaged in false, useless competition, conflict quarrel. Without Forebearance Magala
nuclear war can come to the whole world to end the world. Many nations are making
enriched uranium, making reacters to produce nuclear disaster or prolifiation. For world
peace both Santuh and Khant must be practised to produce real peace.
(28)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
28 th. "Sovacassat Magala"
It means "Ready to listen and obey" "Obedience" is derived from "patience" patience and
obedience go together in practical life as wrong view torments a person in authority to
follow his whims, that is, he lacks "Obedience Magala. The wise knowing future results,
always instruct each nation to practise the virtue of restraint, leading to Sovacasat Magala.
The examples are inspiring if we study the good-will men and women, the wise statesman
who obey the instructions of the Magala we have explained before. Admonitions and
teachings are given to be obeyed, to be pondered deeply day and night to avoid loss and
dissaster weakness and ruin of the world.
(29)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
29 th. "Samaa Dassana Magala"
Sometimes you want to know who have obeyed the Noble High Moral Code. The answer
is please go and meet "Samaas" the calmed -presons who are civilized in their behaviour,
the gentlemen in the true season of word. Very often it noble desire is culturated, you
must see "Samaa" to get high instruction and good conduct you think your decisions and
deeds are right and necessary but "Samaa" know better. Meeting with them, by bowing
your head, you will see the truth, and perform the deed of truth: only this decision is
correct for you. You are responsible!
(30)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
30th: Dhamma Skacch
Of course many times in life and in both social and political affairs you are confused by
confusting advice and changing events. All thing make you perpleted by the news you
recived and the play of hoper and fears will not make you better. So this Magala guide is
termed "Timely Discussion in the importent affairs", this is highest virtue. Sometimes this
Magala is translated. Religions discussions at due season " which is also conect. By reli-
gion one should know "ehcal law of life" without dogmas and rituals. All one need in to do
good thright and fear none.
(31)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
31st "tapa"
The Tapa Magala has many wide meanings and various practices too. Some think it is
Ascetism and other belive in religions stern duties or ceremmones ."Tapa" here means a
simple necessary self-control only. All translators a gree that "Tapa" is "Self-control" not a
method of torture of body and mind, the way of some hermits and saints who love asceti-
cism. By self control, one is to check his eye, ear, nose, tongue, body and mind in a natural-
istic way, that is, by mindfullness. The control of six sense faculter makes the practise of
pure life possible. Tapa also means you live in austerity with few simple food, dwelling
shunning, on stentation and luxury.
(32)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
32nd: ''Brahma cariya Magala''.
The section can have to Magala: we shun sex life to have chastity, we practise four
Brahama, Vihra, manely, universal love, compassion, sympathetic Joy and Equanimity,
(Four Divine Abidings). Thus a high class person is a pure one with stainless conduct and
four divine states of mind. After "Tapa" this purity is reached. Magala has step by slep,
gradual method, starting from Grava to the end. It is said that Tapa and Brahmacariya
are the main props(bases) of a Boddhisatta Discipline (Prami Affairs).
(33)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
33rd: ''Ariyasaccna dassana Magala''
A sincere, moral-loving, hard-working man is called a Bodhisatta: also those who have a
prophecy for Buddhahood from Buddha Himself are real Bodhisattas practising very hard
in the six or the ten Prami (Pramits). Thus a holyman should try to become this type of
person by strenous moral discipline and social work. Only then the realization of four
Noble Truth is possible and easy. In this true Ssana Vipassan work must be done to get
Ariya Sacca Highest Truths of life.
(34)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
34th:'' Nibbna Sacchikiriya Magala''
After Perception of the Noble truths, immediately one realizes Nibbna. So the realisation
of Nibbna is termed "Magala, the greatest happiness on earth, the highest state in Magala
Dhamma, the final goal is won here and now. We must realise Nibbna realistically by
Eight fold Noble Path.
(35)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
35th: 'Arahant state has "Na kampati" virtue or the Supreme Realisation. "Arahant" means
the worthy and perfect one. The Greates Man is called an Arahant the Mahpurisa. Hence
his mind is unshaken always .
The 11th Gth Sates:
He whose mind does not flutter
by contact with worldly contingencies,
(He is like a big solid rock hit by huge waves).
So this steady mind has reached its apex in Arahant. All Arahants today are possess of the
mind that is not touched by the vicissitudes of life "gain and loss, good-repute and ill-
repute, praise and blame, joy and sorrow. So our minds also needs calinness and steadium
to be able to withstand Eight worldly condintion unshaken mind is the greatest bliss.
(36)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
36th: ''Asoka''
Free from Sorrow-This is Magala Arahant are always free from sorrow, anguish and
mental pain. Likewise we must try to control and banish sorrow, lamentation, suffering
from our heart Sorrowlessness is Magala.
(37)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
37th: ''Stainless-Viraja Magala''
All Arathants are always stainless and pure Rga means dusts, kilesa, lust, love and hate all
defilements are called dusts. All Arahants beings free from dusts of parisions are pure in
mind and spirit.
(38)
* Magala! Magala! 38 Magala.
38th: The last Magala is termed Khema which means "Secure" or "Safe"
Safety is Magala as all Arahants have Safety Virtue: security of life.
"Khema" Magala instructs all men to live a secure life, free from all danger. In fact this
is always possible. In all Arahants under Buddha's Noble original Dispensation, they are
free from all kinds of ties and bondages as they are always safe. Freedom is total and
universal in the sense of safety only. So the unique permanent peace is possible in this
worldly life if two or five basic simple Magalas are taken regularly as a first step. Choose
what you like best and essential in your own life, and you will be truly safe and secure.
Conclusion, Promise of the Buddha
The summary Gth of the Buddha is as follows:-
Those who have fulfilled the conditions (for such Magala virtues) are victorions every-
where, and attain happiness everywhere. To them there are the highest virtues.
Conclusion Ght No.12
To them, fulfilling matters such as these, everywhere invincable and victorious in every
way moving happily.
These are the supreme virtue.
Note: The Buddha openly and clearly promises all who practice at least three Magalas in
a regular, systematic way, they shall surely be
1. Ever Victorions Everywhere
2. Ever Happy Everywhere.
So there is no loss, weakness, ruin for the Magala followers who understand each Magal
help and power to sove life's difficulties and problems.
You-Triumphant! --- You-Triumphant! All -round success is yours!
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
. . .. .
Benefits of supporting parents:
1. Whenever you go no downgrade is met.
2. The devas, high beings, love you.
3. You overcome three great Kappa calamities.
4. No demons and ogres harm you.
5. In the sea, you are always safe in a boat.
6. All your wishes, prayers are fulfilled.
7. Both devas and humans love you.
8. All your plans and thoughts are met.
9. Your name and honour spread swiftly to all.
10. Your dignity also increased daily.
11. You come near the door of Nibbna.
12. You get longevity and high power.
13. All dangers are banished and protected.
These benefits come to those who support parents.
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_..:z..... .a.... .:..
We remind for remenberance to all Myanmar races, tribes as we all are true ralative as
follows:
1. Myanmars have an old tradition of Magala.
Wanting to true progress and welfare in us
So please avoid marrying with foreigners
blood, colour, rank, religion quite different
Love to foreigner must stop at heart
No liking their character from your heart
They have different faiths, heretical beliefs
If married, wrong beliefs will send to four hells
Therefore marrige must be pride of the national
2. Oh relatives! same of blood together Love in marriage
must be extended to the same race
Our race and blood, all natives, take belief in 3 gems only
Myanmars, by three noble gems, help Sangha
They are rich in wholesome deeds, peace and calm
For away from Pahasa hell place
Therefore Myanmars must give birth to Myanmar only.
3. By disciplined marriages, no half castes arise
From forebears, grand parents doescendent true blood
No mixture of blood, mixed marriges not foreigner's wife
No marriges now with alien races, if not the world,
the nature will blame the present persons who lack national spirit
Right conduct means safety of race and blood
If mixed marriges are popular, people similar to animals, they are more
Worse still because animals only marry with their own kind
Therefore let half-blood children not born
4. Let Myanmar women avoid foreign husbands
no marriges must be performed, race is destroyed
The marital love of aliens is an evil deed
The love given to heredities do not give a long help
Foreigner, being theistic believes are eternadly held wrong view,
befiefs of eternaty go to the hells
Therefore no love games with heretics
5. O Myanmar girls, damsels, let me remind you
Some wily foreigrens for money, laxury style life
Diamunds, gold, dollars attract and follow the heresies.
Only one life you get is a high standard of living
Carnal love sends some to the lap of aliens
This is not to do, as all our race destroy
Now not to degenate our good tradition
Let females think of progress and welfare
That create true love amag native races
6. O Myanmar women! our native peoples
Awake, be energetic, industrious in life
In every sphere let thoughts be the guide
And let your ethical conduct shield you
Love is precious and can take a true way
Love must not make a lower state of a people
Race, religion nationality, all importent
Let place them on a high rank in heart
If poor, let us help each other well
Therefore let all promote welfare by good acts
7. Myanmar females wear clother to avoid misconduct
Good shawls, tight, to prevent shameful deeds
Traditional style, dress in to protect shame
To show true Myanmar style and honour
Westerm skirt, body dress look very expose, for exposure their styles
To be in modesty, chastity let parents prevent
Not to copy blindly foreign style in dress
Let us reject shameles style, undiscipline
Therefore let us revere Myanmar dresstonly - longyi, tahmin custom
8. This is our country, this is our people
Citizens must protect national dignity
Honour is precious to be protected now
The national characteristics are the fundamentals
Our birth-right dignified tradition
Culture is Magala, Buddha Dhamma is culture
Looking at the comming future, of next generation
Nationalistic protected blood in us
New energies, still protetives needs.
Let a nation be stable and pure
Health, wealth education come from good style - food, living, dress
Myanmar tradition must continue well if good efforts do make
Therefore our race will not live in poor spirit lacking dignity and honour.
-Ven. Vicitta
Tat Kone Towship, Monegone Monastery
From Mirror Daily 20-3-38.
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_. ..- .. . . ..- .. _. ..- .. . . ..- .. _. ..- .. . . ..- .. _. ..- .. . . ..- .. _. ..- .. . . ..- ..
Myanmar blood for Nationality
O.Damsels! O Girls!
1. For nationatic cause be true Myanmar
Lovs select in the same religion
Different religion must not love to marry
Let take honour by becoming true Myanmar
To bear children true Myanmar, natives born
2. If forengn-borns are loved
Foreign religions mixed Myanmar virgins if associate aliens
Mind become confused, half castes born
So mind is unclear
We all have anxiety for future Myanmar
3. Virgins, not yet married !
Earnestly we request
Each should cultivate love of country
Patriotion guides to many same rece to genrate further nationalism
Strong and stable let your offsprings be
4. Since birth blood is present
Patriotic blood must prevail give birth for right conduct
Traditional faith must prevail
All who admit as "Myanmar"
Each family, pursue own business
Each family culture individual patriotism
5. If many become half- caster
blood-mixings grous, future is sad
Race, racial spiriti will disappear
So womb-born true children
Should true Myanmar in appearance
and mind, to presents Myanmar dentity
accept only ancester blood to flow.
6. Beauty Myanmar blood and race
dounghtus(virgins) of Myanmar
Before marrige try love of own race each virgin
must cultivate this spirit because always oh men and women
Shun to get half-castes borns
Be tree Myanmar, be true blood
National spirit cultivate before marriage
Love of country truly sustains
-Ven. Vicitta
Tat Kon Township Monegan Monastery
28-3-98 From New light of Myanmar
D
..a.a.. ..:.__.:. ...:
Majjapn ca Sayamo
Avoid all intoxicating drinks
Shun all harmful drugs
By avoidance of drinking
you get a Magala
The avoid all kinds of alchoholics is one of the great Magal Ability for welfare. This
quality is seen in the deed of a virtuous person.
What is alcoholics: All that make wandering or confusing mind are called strong drinks
as shown in wine, whisky beer, schanpaing, that confuse the normal mind, Also cucaine,
mariquana, estasy, opium, mophia, toddy are included as evil things to be avoided for a good,
normal person.
q.:.::.qe :_a
What Are The Faults of Taking Wine, Bear, Etc
(1) You lose money,
(2) You make desputes,
(3) You get many diseases,
(4) You lose dignity and fame
(5) You become very bold, reckless, shameless in your drinking and speeches.
Wealth, Health, Friendship
Fame, Moral shame are destroyed in drinking; moreover drinking is always blamable
reveal seuets became it hinders wisdeom: It weakens your intellect or thinking power. So at to
ge for six faults are obtained by taking alchohol.
And there are 12.failth seen by a normal thinking person who does not drink.
1. Men and deities hate a drinker
2. By confused mind, quarrals originate
3. Money can be lost, as it is waste of money
4. No educational development for a drinker
5. Shame = consciousness is lost
6. Wife and children have to scold you
7. Sons and daughter hate you
8. You harm your father and mother
9. Daily drinking, daily unwholesome state
10. You are reborn mad in future lives
11. No Magga and Phala ciffor possible are impossible
12. Even you meet Buddha you cannot win Bodhi as forgetfulnessis evil.
-The light of Magal.

:_. qe
Beer Is also Liquor
Some drinkers persoade or entice other non-drinker to drink beer at first. But the alco-
holic contact, by analysis, tells it is a straing drink leading to drunkerness. So it is surely an
Arak destined for lower hells, to become an animial doctor lest their patients and beer has
caused the burnt-state of heart or madness. Goverment surveys support doctors finding. So
beer must be shunned though drunkards say bear is soft.
D
:._:e .._ae.
Blood vomits By Beer
Vomits of blood by mouth are common. Drop again do and Advertisemat tell beer
causes no ill effect or ill-health: to get money by hotel keepers. There are (25) kinds of
diseases arising drinks and beer really originate one serious diseases others medical reports
testify.
Due to the influence of propagandists and advertisers, even women take beer as a health
cure. After few months these females land in hospitals as the heart was full with alcoholics
elements. All drinks have 15% alcohol: even beer has 5% content of this harmful wntent.
Some wrongly think this percentage is safe for health and by habit and frequent use, they get
a serious illness, becoming a drunkard and or a tippler in a few days. These maddening con-
tacts, though small, have great attractions for a fool. Dr-R-L Soni, in his survery, said all must
refrain from intoxicating drinks, Majja this is related to our English word mad. Indeed
by taking drink such person, a man becomes mad and very foolish in deeds.
Anatomist have warned all would be drinkers heart, liver, brain keep two hours to di-
gest Arak For bear it takes two hours in a single day, so bad habits kill a man, as the heart is
burnt and he needs extra work to finish his work. Lives becomes too weak to give proper
circulation of blood to the heart system so that manor cardiatric disease are common in each
country whole lake Prohibiton The heart is also wasted with strange lever, as researches
reveal the world; they tell the normal persons that beer causes harm more than wine and
whisky. We find blood and nerves were out of order in a drinker of beer. The belly has
terminal disease when drinks are served. In the cities most drinkers suffer hermager, that is
nerves cells are damaged, to become sudden deaths, after vomitting blood.
The evil effects of Arak are reported in Mirror on 18.7-200. f The news said:
Workers Face Low Intelligenlce and low. Grade Quality.
---------------------------------------------------------
t&uform;om;rsm; rSwfPfESihfynm&nfnhHzsif;
Memory Is Impairned By Drinks
(Los Angelas July 17-2000)
Sons of drinkers have disintegrative effects in society: social affairs are damaged. The
sons have very low intelligences compaired with the sons of non-drinkers: low mamory is
sham in polls published yearly. Scholers from Machigan University, after many yearly sur-
veys, have tested 198 primary students to see the result of disintegration.
Out .....of them were children of drinkers who were ordinary workers. They show
disintegrate in social dealings. Researcher had divided the category into three: (1) disinte-
grated families; (2) normal families (3) sons and daughters of non drinkers children was then
tested to spell English words and do simple arithmatics.
As the practical results instruct all, as parents must set good example by showing family
ties in normal way. Drinking makes tham abnormal and cause brain-damage to their children
too. So have pity in your self and save from drinks and drugs the scourges of mankind in
modern world.
---------------------------------------------------------
q e_a.e:
The Origin of Liquor
In the past there was a hunter Sura in a Ksi country. To seek very, elephant tusks, he
went into keep far Himalaya mountain area. At that point an old tree had a bag full of water
and there some citric fruits term, bitter fruits, pepper, chilies full into the hole. When hot sun
rose for several days fermentation of differant juices took place and the colour was red, very
Tievse lies for birds and animals: they came to drink a small portions to satisfy their thirst at
first. When drunk, the fell asleep. When they woke up they looked happy and fresh. These
strange phenomena was noticed by the old hunter who tasted the natural wine. He felt happy
if nowdy and slept to get good dream. Thinking wine was good for happy health he took a
batter of wine to the city and offered to his king. The royal master and ministers, all men
enjoyed a strange drunkenness, they forgot their troubles for a whole and asked for more in
next days. The wine became popular among the populace examplified by the monarch and
high officials as this act was seen honourable. After one year, the city was ruined as wine and
meat was taken together. Since the hunter Sura had brought it from distent jungle, the
liquird was named Sura meaning courage. Now it is called Arak or spirit after arabic
word.
---------------------------------------------------------
q._:e e._e_e.
Liquor Destroys A Country
The sura man was not content with selling wine in the city: he offered a cup of wine to
a hermit who loved to drink again discarding his main job of meditation under a tree, from
this hermits other holy men were destroyed in concentration. From these immoral deeds,
people liked the taste ot wine and hungered for more, not saving their money or energy. So
labour or physical work was below standard and output declined with poverty and joblessness
crimes multiplied and there was no law and order; on the whole city was in poverty.
In these serious situation, the hunter and the first hermit the first fled from the royal
city to Brnas. As they had learnt how to make wine, they manyfacture many bottles of
wine and sold where they visited. Even Brnas was ruined politically, morally economically
as it was now reduced to a village level. So the sage made a proverb "Arak is the country
destroyer: Arakc is a medicine to poison a man.
Note: As for opium British imperialists wanting to control China, brought and sold
opium in china in the iroos and took Haung Kaung in a war. (Opium war)
The above examples warn every body to shum intoxicants and drugs, to observe the
Majjapn ca samyamo Magal by avoidance which is the wholesome deed.
D
....qe :_a
What Efects Addicts Have?
In modern times many youths and adults took wine or drugs as pilliative to troubles,
they revolted against Majjapnca samyamo Magal to become fools themselves. Some sat
without aim or reason on the streets: some an underdeloved imagination due to the power of
drugs or drugs injection. Their eyes become red, shallow and big; their bodies are dirty and
unhealthy, their daily experience or monthly experiences donbled as they could not meet both
ends. So the family unity, family respect is lost or they opposed the advice ofteachers and
sages. The bad associate with the bad and nervers were injured in the brain. HIV germs enter
their heads and hearts and all become physical wrecks. The germs polluted and spread the
whole country as save pills and medicine are rare and expensive.
D
_.._. ....e
Ectasin Are Harnful Drugs
Some think sedatiner, selling pills, ectasies are not harmful drugs but medical analyses
tell all to shum them as dangerous to health, causing epidems disease to towns and villages. In
the west such inspireddrugs cause untoll damage and human misery as manufature triple
their products of varions brands for evil persons, especially for the consumption of youths in
several places. Thus ecstasy pills enter by millious to developed country in industrialised na-
tions: The reasons:
1. They have opered may Night clubs to enjoy pleasure and drinks, to dance into the whole
night.
2. Sex literature is popular in the west
3. Modern life thrives on anxiety and deep emotions (psychiatric problems) depression.
4. Long-distance bus drives, tram drivers night workers need ecstasy to avoid sleep.
5. Students have to learn day and night turtion work is many and heavy for students.
6. Fat female think such pills and inject will make then slim and beautiful.
Therefore although they seem to be curing, helping medicines, actually they are drugs
to confure and sooths for neglect of duties. Every one must shun phatosy, ectosy, heroine and
others to numerous to mention.
If veins are injected by such ampules-
(1) shaken mind appear
(2) hullicinatins
(3) tiredness
(4) Low sprits (depression illness torments you)
(5) Frequent thirst and hunger (avnormality disease) = malnutrition
(6) skin diseases are side-effects
as skinds loosened
(7) hard to breath in and out
(8) stomach diseases (the heroines are lethal),
(9) loss of body weight
(10) brain damage
(11) Forgetfulness you cannot concentrate a good point.
Moreovers one sees unstable legs and hands; trembling body, talkative, short-tempered,
insomonia, a sense of fear, dividedmind (psychosis); neurosis behaviour in a drug user or an
addict.
In addition unreasoned laughters or cryings, extreme pride: conceited deeds, thefts are
also seen in a daily addict to intoxicants, pharsidine and mad drugs. Editor of Minior mention
(19) evil effects they have tested in the country.
----------------------------------------------------------
._a ..e
Use of Heroins starts From
Cigarette starts
Cigar and cigaretta contain nicotine and tar to injure a mans health and vission. The
addicts start to smoke cigarettes daily and become drug addicts, and then patients at a mental
hospital Cigartttes lead to.
(1)Cancer, This fact is deiland by Amaicans who suffer from this disease
(2)Urine-bag cancer
(3)Stomach cancer
When body is injured and pain is heard to bear and it takes a longtime to win back
health.
----------------------------------------------------------
..e.: .q:-q
Many Diseases Come From Smoking
Many think cigarettes are harmless despite several warnings and practical ill-effects.
Those who her pregnancy sufter extreme pain as lungs, nerves, membrance swell, enlarge to
contrite a child to become a dwarf. So temales in pregnancy must avoid smoking. When
smokes are internal lungs are damaged. No one should live near a smoker or a frined who
smokers. Such contacts with nicotine are dangerous and weaken your mind. Breast cancer,
birth cancer, etc. are the results of living with the tobacco smokers.
(e) What is the connection between drugs and smoking? By smoking your mind is in
hable to obey the evil examples such as drugs user, and your become like then within a year.
(f) You get coughs, asthma diseases very qickly.
The daily smoker have many diseases of coughs and asthma whole lost for years
with loss of money and time, even you job is not good: but evil habits still continus we all
avoid smoking addicts.
(g)You get sexless or dormant in sex after 50
(h) In athletics or sports your weak body cannot compets with other
runners and jumpers.
(i) Wasts of money: cigarettes cost money: by daily habit you wasts your valuable money
in making and blowing cigarette smokers: men become harb-ups as the cost of living is rising
from month to month.
(j) Smokers usualy get dreadful T.B disease and they have to treat in special T.B hospi-
tals to be safe from spreading blood coming from chest.
(k) High-blood pressure become common in smoking illness
(l) clod in heart-nerves which means you will die of heart disease : consider lung disease,
this will be the death-knell for you.
(m) The rate of female breast-cancers is also rising in pregnant women.
One camat count all faults to be blamed here: but one woring is necessary forest fires, in
most cases are caused by a cigarette stub thrown careessly away in a dried leaf and it caught
fire in a bush: than the great teak forest is burnt down. Even in towns and cities stubbs can
cause great fires in office, stalls and houses, as reports as well as in the papers. We must warn
agenst this act.
Knowing the dangers of smoking, the thinking people of todays world reject this evil.
In some well-developed countries too doctors, nurses psychologyists Joined to teach non-
smoking by showing good examples by themselves. In the society of doctors non-smokers are
increasing.
Some cigarette industries admit the bad affects of cigarette and acquaint the sufferers
not to accure them in a court for compensation.
And they now use advertising money for the educational value of teaching students for
non smoking in several schools. The main problem is addiction. It is scientific to control when
you are young, as adults thought they think they can discard the habit, seldom do so. From
strong attraction to taste, they become like drut addicts.
Doctors and teacher, psychiatrists and psychologists are making united efforts to teach
the dangers of this evil to young students as well as those who reach middle age. Compananies
is incure the cost of teaching as they become convined of the Doctors Reports and Government
surveys. It is effective to show good personal example of denial and restraint as much as
possible.
No-smoking places extend in U. S. A, Germany, Italy, Gritain, Japan and China by
outhorities in hotels, resorts, gardens, trains, and buses and planes: prohibition is supported by
the public so the campaign is successful, as reported in Science Magazine April 2000.
Science has revealed how lungs are damaged by smoking, creating many heart diseases.
Nerves become shorten and Fight so hands becomes shaky and eyes get dimmed, blood clot is
seen by x-ray. There evidence are well-supported by science.
----------------------------------------------------------
..e.:._ae._ae
e..:. e:.q:-.:. qe
Believe that smoking Generate First Class Cancers
The highest cancers are expensive to cure and hundreds die yearly in Yangon. T. B and
other lung diseases are caused by smoking, 70% of smoker get such diseases as hospital surveys
declare especially among females uterus cancer is common in women.
a:e_. _ea
Chemical Reactions
Like radio activity of atoms smoker contain 1200 atomic features as chemical reactions.
Among them 12 are lethal and death-causing by carbon dioxides as well as nicotine, addictive
supptements, etc. So deaths by smoking is dreadful but unnecessary it is safe for a non-
smoker.
Carbon monaxide has been analysed by chemists to be verry injurious to health.
Mental Health of A Baby Impaired By smoking By Pegment Woman
After births, babies found to be metally retarded.
Babies are below normal weight also. Brain development of such a baby is slow and loss
direction Ikori collage serveys declare that women in pregnancy, by smoking, damage the
uterus and the child is mostly idrot when of an age. So women should avoid smoking.
From 12000 adults the survey shows, for 12-years olds deaths skins are impaired: gums
are also injured by smoking. Many dental troubles are recorded in the survey in great detail.
They found that avoidance can rescue normal gums and teeth but it takes 12-years to get back
to normal, to be free from gum diseases.
......
Bad Effects
Smoking, Drug's, Pans, Betle nuts cause ill health, many diseases just like drugs Today-
Win-drugs Lerone-cut off health, to sure death.
..e..
Smoking Is All-ill Effects
No good results appear
Diseases assail a smoker
Coughs, Asthama, clods, T.B
So take good thought, instead of smoking
Daugers numerous
Wisdom makes Avoidance Well now Drugs originate in smoking
Enemies, Enemies, we shan them always
No quarelds, no conflicts, no wastes.
D
.>e.~.-: :._:e ._a:..:q
Why this Majjapna-samyama Magal is taught saparately?
It is true Avoidance of this kind is included in rat-Virat Pp Magal comprehen-
sively. Since they are many drinkers, smokers, drug abusers who believe such things are
harmless in social affairs, the Buddha had to teach Majjapna-samyama Magal separately.
He wantd to emphasise the countless injuried and great losse due to mankind even in ancient
times. In this world such avoidance (wine, whisky or cigarettes) are full of benefite. So to
show the benefit of shuning cigarettes, He tought it in a separate Magal again as a new one.
D
a:a:_...... z_.a.a
Buddhist Missionnary Work Is The
Greatest One In Wholesome Deeds
''Sabba dnam dhammadnam Jinti''
Among all gifts, the gift of
Dhamma is the best
* The missionary work in Buddha Dhamma includes preaching the Dhamma of the Buddha,
teaching for moral conduct. In short the Dhamma to teach has the following points of
conduct: Avoid all evils do all good and purity your mind, this is the teaching of all Bud-
dhas. So everyone should do wholesome deeds as much as possible in a wide circle of soci-
ety. This is called Missionary work.
-( The Buddha's Dhamma P-207)
* Among many missionary jobs in Buddha Dhamma, the one great thing is called Dhamma
Dna, the Gift of Dhamma. The Buddha has declared " Sabba dnam dhammadnam
Jinti" among all gifts, the gift of Dhamma is the most excellent gift, the distribution and
sharing of one's own Dhamma knowledge among many peoples on earth so one is doing
Dhamma Gift to the world the greatest virtue known to mankind No deed can compare
with this Dhamma talks, the knowledge sharing in the wholesome acts.
* This grandest and the most powerful missionary work can be done by all capable mission-
aries: they can tell and instruct others who lack faith in Buddha-Dhamma, and also to
increase the knowledge if one is already a Buddhist as best as one can able to teach this duty
is open to all. -(Ibid P-208)
* The main cause of Buddhist Literature in the world is to train good, efficient missionary
who are competent in Dhamma learning and who can transmit again to other persons. This
means teaching Dhamma to all, writing Dhamma books in great numbers. These able writ-
ers exist to maintain the prolongation of Ssan literature and also they can promote to
help it in shinning glory.
-(Ibid P-217)
* Right thinking persons should, to spread Dhamma knowledge, open Buddhist Culture classes,
Mangala classes, Abhidhamma classes. At the same time well-wishers should provide easy
means of transport, good teachers, class-supervisers and other necessary help to bring suc-
cess to the project. -(Ibid P-223)
* Therefore "Ssan" Buddha's noble, naturalistic, universal teaching can really establish
peace and welfare because this Dhamma contains comprehansive methods and benefits in
material, mental, moral, spheres. Actually they are useful for all peoples everywhere and
has practical in daily life. Well-trained students should give service of help, education, etc.
in villages localities and nation so that all nationals gain necessary benefits. Strong, persistance
mind can be used. -(Ibid p-224)
* The holy, moral term "Ssan" means wise naturalistic instruction for giving guide to life.
* All laymen and laywomen can establish and develop "Ssan" by taking intelligent refuge
in three excellent gems as disciples or upasaka if one follows some great virtues taught by
the Buddha. So at first, one is laying foundation for "Ssan" by oneself.
* The basis and urgent virtues for all right-thinking persons are three rufuges with five
precepts daily observance. Hence evil deeds and wrong means of livelihood are avoided as
to be able to do ten positive wholesome virtues as well as to perform thirty-eight Mangal
as much as possible knowledge of Singalovada Sutta explaining correct duties and respon-
sibilities to all classes of peoples in the world is essential for practical approach.
* As long as noble thoughts and deeds exist in one's inner heart, a family gets strong moral
behaviour also. thus from family moral practice extends the scope of Mangala to villages
and towns till the whole world enjoys peaceful life. So teaching world culture, explaing
world moral philosohy will premote world peace if leaders think and do correctly. This
deed is " Ssana" foundation.
* Some think building a pagoda by a person is the establishment of ssana there. What is a
better and necessary job to do now is to let the alaines take rightful three refuges for
getting right view of life moral living, good conduct is more important than pagoda build-
ing.
* While a country may have thousands of images, temples and pagodas, there will be no "
ssana" if moral precepts are not observed. No one can say ssana lights is shining at this
poor situation.
* At present we find Buddha images, several pagodas at Sanch, Ajanta, and other places in
India and Afghanistan, but we cannot say "ssana" exists in those areas and nations. People
there belive non-Buddhist views.The meaning of "Ssana" must be considered again.
-Review by Venerable Tilokasra
(Ra-Wei-Tun)
-----------------------------------------------
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D