Name : Nabiha Hamzah What is a Mountain?

The dictionary defines a mountain as that which is higher and steeper than a hill. A mountain is a landform that rises high above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. They are made from rocks and earth. Generally, mountains are higher than 600 metres. Those less than 600 metres are called hills. What do Mountains look like? Mountains usually have steep, sloping sides and sharp or slightly rounded ridges and peaks. Mountains can be rocky and barren. Some have trees growing on their sides and very high mountains have snow on their peaks. Some common features of mountains include the following: the summit, or the top of a mountain; the slope, or side of the mountain; and a very steep valley between young mountains, known as a gorge. Class : IV

Fault-block Mountains Fault-block landforms (mountains, hills, ridges, etc.) are formed when large areas of bedrock are widely broken up by faults creating large vertical displacements of continental crust. Vertical motion of the resulting blocks, sometimes accompanied by tilting, can then lead to high escarpments. These mountains are formed by the Earth's crust being stretched and extended by tensional forces.. The uplifted blocks are called block mountains or horsts. The intervening dropped blocks are termed graben: these can be small or form extensive rift valleysystems. This form of landscape can be seen in East Africa, the Vosges, the Basin and Range province of Western North America, in southcentral New England, and the Rhine valley. These areas often occur when the regional stress is extensional and the crust is thinned. Two types of block mountains are lifted and tilted. Tilted type block mountains have one gently sloping side and one steep side with an exposed scarp, and are common in the Basin and

Name : Nabiha Hamzah Class : IV Range region of the western United States. Level blocks lead to the horst and graben terrain seen in northern Europe. Lifted type block mountains have two steep sides exposing both sides scarps. Fold Mountains Fold mountains are the most common type of mountain. The worlds largest mountain ranges are fold mountains. These ranges were formed over millions of years. Fold mountains are formed when two plates collide head on, and their edges crumbled, much the same way as a piece of paper folds when pushed together. The upward folds are known as anticlines, and the downward folds are synclines. Examples of fold mountains include: Himalayan Mountains in Asia the Alps in Europe the Andes in South America the Rockies in North America the Urals in Russia

The Himalayan Mountains were formed when India crashed into Asia and pushed up the tallest mountain range on the continents. In South America, the Andes Mountains were formed by the collision of the South American continental plate and the oceanic Pacific plate. Volcanic Mountains As the name suggests, volcanic mountains are formed by volcanoes. Volcanic Mountains are formed when molten rock (magma) deep within the earth, erupts, and piles upon the surface. Magna is called lava when it breaks through the earth's crust. When the ash and lava cools, it builds a cone of rock. Rock and lava pile up, layer on top of layer. Examples of volcanic mountains include: Mount St. Helens in North America Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines Mount Kea and Mount Loa in Hawaii

Name : Nabiha Hamzah Class : IV

Block Mountains

Fold Mountains

Volcanic Mountains

Name : Nabiha Hamzah Class : IV

K 2 Mountain
K2 (also known as Savage Mountain, Mountaineer's Mountain, Mount Godwin-Austen, Balti: Chogori and Sarikoli: Mount Qogir) is the second-highest mountain on Earth, after Mount Everest. With a peak elevation of 8,611 m (28,251 feet), K2 is part of the Karakoram Range, and is located on the border betweenBaltistan, in Gilgit-Baltistan of Pakistan-administered Kashmir and the Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County of Xinjiang, China. It is more hazardous to reach K2 from the Chinese side; thus, it is mostly climbed from the Pakistani side. K2 is known as the Savage Mountain due to the difficulty of ascent and the second-highest fatality rate among the "eight thousanders" for those who climb it. For every four people who have reached the summit, one has died trying. Unlike Annapurna, the mountain with the highest fatality rate, K2 has never been climbed in winter.