UTM

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

INTRODUCTION TO EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY, TEACHING AND LEARNING TECHNOLOGY: PROCESS AND PRODUCT
Department of Educational Multimedia, Faculty of Education Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
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INTRODUCTION TO EDU. TECH.

WHAT IS EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY?

Are this included OHP, slide, video tape, computer application..????? Education technology always related with sophisticated tools such as OHP, slide program, video program, computer application and etc.

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INTRODUCTION TO EDU. TECH.

WHAT IS EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY? Are those opinions and understanding correct? How about you??? What is technology? What is education?

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DEFINITION
What is Education? Education is: process of nourishing or rearing a child or a young person.

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DEFINITION
DEFINITION OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY: Educational is something can develop someone (individual) From educational perspective.
Develop someone in cognitive, effective and psychomotor domain.
Technology mean that a systematic process to solve problem through scientific method.

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DEFINITION
What is Technology? Technology is:
systematic treatment refer to hardware - the devices that deliver information and serve as tools to accomplish a task refer to a systematic process of solving problems by scientific means.

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DEFINITION
Educational Technology: Educational Technology is the development, application and evaluation systems, techniques and aids to improve the process of human. (Council for Educational Technology (CET) for the United Kingdom) learning)

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DEFINITION
Educational Technology: Educational Technology is the application of the scientific knowledge about learning, and the condition of learning, to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of teaching and training. The absence of scientifically established principles, educational technology implements techniques of empirical testing to improve learning situations. (National Centre for Programmed Learning, United Kingdom)
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DEFINITION
Educational Technology: Educational Technology is a systematic way of designing, implementing and evaluating the total process of learning and teaching in term of specific objectives, based on research in human learning and communication and employing a combination of human and nonhuman resources to bring about more effective instruction. (Commission of Instructional Technology, USA)
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DEFINITION
Educational Technology: Educational Technology is a systematic process, whereby the quality of its elements are controlled, towards the development of products that will aid in producing an effective and efficient teaching and learning environment (Baharuddin, Jamalludin, Zaidatun & Norafandy,2000)

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DEFINITION
Educational Technology: Instructional Technology is the theory and practice of design, development, utilization, management, and evaluation of processes and resources for learning (Association of Educational Communication of Technology (AECT))

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DEFINITION
Educational Technology: Educational Technology is a combination of the processes and tools involved in addressing educational needs and problems, with an emphasis on applying the most current tools: computers and their related technologies (Roblyer & Edwards, 2000)

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INTRODUCTION TO EDU. TECH.

Province of the educational technologist: Identifying aims and objectives, Planning the learning environment, Exploring and structuring the subject matter, Selecting appropriate teaching strategies, Helping student develop new ways of learning, Evaluating the effects and effectiveness of the teaching and learning system, and Using insights gained form evaluation to understand that system and, where possible improve it Rowntree (1982)

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OVERALL CONCLUSION

All listed definitions have some similarity in function aspect. All definitions focus on upgrade/improve effectiveness teaching and learning process.

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OVERALL CONCLUSION
Educational Technology is a systematic way of designing, implementing and evaluating the total process of learning and teaching in term of specific objectives, based on research in human learning and communication and employing a combination of human and non-human resources to bring about more effective instruction.
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EDU. TECH. FOCUS

Planning of systematic teaching to improve teaching and learning process including communication techniques and sophisticated tools. Systematic teaching planning ;
Objective statement, Suitable content Implementation and evaluation are same in curriculum development process.
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EDU. TECH. FOCUS

the process approach to instructional planning reflected the new thrust of technology in education. (Kemp,1991) Kemp stress that who are involve in educational technology, not just as technical expert but also members in developing whole curriculum and plan T&L process.

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EDU. TECH. FOCUS

As an instructor/teacher, you should remember that educational technology as complete T&L process. (Kobayashi, 1987). As an instructor/teacher, we must change our perception that educational technology is not only a tools but also see it as one development process where techniques and knowledge as a major role. (Komoski,1987 ; Locatis, 1987)

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EDU. TECH. VS INSTRUCTIONAL TECH. As generalization; Educational technology is a huge area/field include all educational aspects such as T&L, audio-visual tools, curriculum development, systematic plan, development process and etc.... All educational technology applications are focus on teaching aspect.

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EDU. TECH. VS INSTRUCTIONAL TECH. Educators always connected with educational technology if they involve in development of teaching aids (audio visual) process for learning purpose. From this, new term related with technology and instruction- instructional technology

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EDU. TECH. VS INSTRUCTIONAL TECH. What is Instructional Technology? Instructional technology is often referred to as a part of educational technology but the use of these terms has changed over the years. Instructional technology:
The theory and practice of design, development, utilization, management, and evaluation of processes and resources for learning," (Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT))

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DEFINITION
Instructional Technology: applying scientific knowledge about human learning to the practical tasks of teaching and learning (Heinich, Molenda, & Russell, 1993)

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EDU. TECH. VS INSTRUCTIONAL TECH. As generalization, instructional technology refers to media, tools or process that been used for presentation, support and consolidate teaching process. Conclusion: Instructional technology is one of knowledge scopes, which related with teaching and it also one of knowledge in educational technology.

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EDU. TECH. VS INSTRUCTIONAL TECH. Educational Technology main focus: Planning Process Technology Conclusion

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EDU. TECH. VS INSTRUCTIONAL TECH.

Systematic planning: Objective, Suitable content, Target Audience, Communication skills, Tools, Design & etc.
Teacher skills to deliver knowledge: Theory, Pedagogy, Psychology, Evaluation & etc..

Edu.Tech.

Ins. Tech.

Learning Tech. Methods

Drill and practice, Tutorials, Simulation, Animation, Problem solving, Discovery & etc

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Teacher skills to deliver knowledge: Theory Pedagogy Psychology Evaluation & etc.. Drill and practice Tutorials Simulation Animation Problem solving Discovery & etc

EDU. TECH. INS. TECH.

LEARNING TECH. METHODS

Systematic planning: Objective Suitable content Target Audience Communication skills Tools Design & etc.

MEDIA
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TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS

What is Teaching? Teaching is imparting knowledge or skill imparting - telling? conditioning? constructing? knowledge - knowing? believing? comprehending? understanding? skill - knowing that? (a bike is ridden this way) knowing how? (to ride a bike in actuality) knowing to? (ride a bike when necessary)
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TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS

"teaching is undertaking certain tasks or activities the intention of which is to induce learning" A teacher can anticipate that certain activities will result in learning, but not guarantee it.

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TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS

What is Learning? Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior/mental associations due to experience. This refers to a change in behavior, an external change that we can observe. Change in mental associations = an internal change that we cannot observe.
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TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS

What is Learning? Learning is a persistent change in human performance or performance potential about as a result of learners interaction with the environment (Driscoll, 1994) Learning involves the selection, arrangement, and delivery of information in an appropriate environment and the way learners interact with that information.
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TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS

Teaching is what teachers do. Learning is what students do. Does a relationship between good teaching and student learning exist?

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TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS

T & L involve Instruction. Instruction is the arrangement of information and the environment to facilitate learning. Environment :
the place, technology, methods, media, to convey information and guide the learners study.

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TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS

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EDU. TECH. : PROCESS & PRODUCT

AS A PROCESS: The term product can be subject to broad interpretation and it is difficult to differentiate between product, process and package. Process is referring to the skills of instructional design, materials and curriculum development, training coordination management and execution of evaluation of product and project, and in the delivery of instruction (Kemp, 1986).
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EDU. TECH. : PROCESS & PRODUCT

AS A PRODUCT:
The product of Educational Technology might refer to any one of the numerous educational materials developed for instructional purposes. Systematic design is applied by educational technologists to the development of print, audio, still and motion visuals, computer instruction and any other technologies which might be applied to learning (Heinich, Molenda and Russell, 1982). These materials form an integral part of education and instruction from primary through to tertiary education including apprenticeship, industrial and commercial training.
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THE FIELDS OF EDU. TECH.

Within the field of educational technology are the components of:
instructional design, information technology resources and management, systems and curriculum development, cognitive and information processing, media production, Research and evaluation of instructional products and processes. human resources development and management training and management of training systems and facilities instructional research and learning research
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THANK YOU

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